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Final Report Global Broadband and Innovations Alliance

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Final Report Global Broadband and Innovations Alliance FINAL REPORT GLOBAL BROADBAND AND INNOVATIONS ALLIANCE October 2010 – September 2020 Cooperative Agreement #AID-CIO-A-10-00001 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary ................................................................................................. 4 II. List of Acronyms ....................................................................................................... 8 III. Chronological Table of Projects ............................................................................. 11 IV. Financial Overview ................................................................................................. 13 V. Staffing Overview ................................................................................................... 16 VI. Program Summary: CONNECTIVITY .......................................................... 17 LAST-MILE CONNECTIVITY ............................................................................................ 19 TV White Space 1. Kenya TVWS Network Support .................................................................................... 19 2. Jamaica TVWS Education Pilot Project ......................................................................... 21 3. Botswana TVWS Kologano Health Project ................................................................... 23 4. Malawi C3 TVWS Assessment ...................................................................................... 25 5. Indonesia TVWS Trials .................................................................................................... 27 What’s Next: TV White Space, Spectrum Innovation, and the Future of Access ............... 29 Demand Aggregation 6. Dadaab Refugee Camp Connectivity ........................................................................... 34 7. Broadband Demand Aggregation ................................................................................ 38 Wi-Fi Solutions 8. Lebanon Rural Broadband Project ................................................................................ 43 Fiber Network Deployment 9. Google City Link/Monrovia Fiber Loop ....................................................................... 45 10. Liberia Research and Education Network Support ...................................................... 47 POLICY ............................................................................................................................... 48 Universal Service Funds 11 . Sub-Saharan Africa USF Project ................................................................................... 48 12. Cambodia Universal Service Obligation Project ......................................................... 59 13. Afghanistan Telecom Development Fund ...................................................................... 61 14. Universal Service Obligation in Indonesia ................................................................... 66 What’s Next: Universal Access Funds – Toward Global Broadband 2.0 ......................... 69 National Broadband Plans 15. Zambia National Broadband Plan ................................................................................ 75 16. Indonesia National Broadband Plan ............................................................................ 79 17. Liberia National Broadband Plan ................................................................................. 82 COVID-19 Responses 18. COVID-19 Telecom Policy Guidance ........................................................................... 83 19. Sierra Leone Internet Measurement ............................................................................... 84 RESEARCH & ASSESSMENTS ........................................................................................ 85 20. Rwanda Engagement Assessments ............................................................................... 85 21. Impact of Mobile Phone Connectivity in Rural Philippines ......................................... 86 22. Technical Assistance to ZICTA/Zambia ....................................................................... 89 23. Connectivity in Bangladesh Rohingya Refugee Communities .................................... 91 24. Liberia Broadband Technical Assessment .................................................................... 93 VII. Program Summary: APPLICATIONS & SERVICES ..................................... 95 APPLICATIONS ................................................................................................................. 97 25. Innovations for Youth Capacity & Engagement ....................................................... 97 What’s Next: Would You Like to Play a Game? ............................................................ 112 26. Using Technology to Combat Trafficking in Persons ................................................. 120 ONLINE SERVICES ........................................................................................................... 127 27. Cloud Services Portal Initiative ............................................................................... 127 28. Open Facility Registry Service Project .................................................................... 13 0 DIGITAL FINANCIAL SERVICES .................................................................................... 133 29. Payment Innovations .................................................................................................. 133 What’s Next: The Future of Digital Financial Inclusion ................................................... 152 RESEARCH & ASSESSMENTS ........................................................................................ 159 Cybersecurity 30. Eastern Europe Internet Access Integrity Assessments ............................................. 159 Health 31. Collaborative Health Platform (CHP) ..................................................................... 168 VIII. Program Summary: CAPACITY BUILDING ................................................. 169 SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT & EXPANSION .............................................................. 171 32. Afghanistan 4G Spectrum Licensing ....................................................................... 171 33. Liberia Spectrum Monitoring and Management ..................................................... 174 EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES ....................................................................................... 177 34. AI/Machine Learning Webinars ............................................................................ 177 What’s Next: Technologies Transforming Program Delivery ........................................... 178 GENDER ............................................................................................................................. 188 35. Women & the Web Alliance .................................................................................. 188 What’s Next: Closing the Gender Digital Divide ........................................................... 191 NETWORKS ....................................................................................................................... 199 36. ICT4D Conferences ................................................................................................ 199 37. US-ASEAN ICT Cooperation Spectrum Workshop ................................................. 201 HEALTH ............................................................................................................................... 203 38. Indonesia Maternal e-Health Initiative ................................................................... 203 IX. Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 205 I. Executive Summary In 2010, the USAID Global Development Lab issued a 10-year cooperative agreement to NetHope with these two overarching goals: 1. Extend the reach of broadband, including enhanced mobile networks, into more remote rural areas as key infrastructure for extending the reach of socioeconomic services through USAID’s NGO and contractor partners; and 2. Leverage the extension of these networks for delivering network-enabled value-added application support across USAID’s development portfolio. Envisioned as a follow-up mechanism to the Last Mile Initiative (LMI) and the Global Development Commons (GDC), the Global Broadband and Innovations Alliance (GBI) was created to help accelerate the expansion of internet access to the 71% of the global population that was still unconnected at the time. Indeed, in 2010, the global internet user base was expanding at nearly 15% a year, and the value of expanded access was clear. As stated in the original proposal, there is a clear link between economic development and connectivity, with research consistently showing that investment in this field has had a direct positive effect on gross domestic product.1 Higher-end technologies like broadband networks were shown to deliver the greatest impact: » A 10% increase in fixed line tele-density increases GDP by 0.5%. » A 10% increase in mobile tele-density increases GDP by 0.7%. » A 10% increase in broadband penetration increases GDP by 1.3%. 1 From ITU Secretary General Dr. Hamadoun I. Toure’s Ambassador’s Information Meeting speech on March 15, 2010, viewed at www.itu.int/ en/osg/speeches/pages/2010-03-15.aspx Global Broadband & Innovations Alliance Final Report | 4 Moreover, it was observed at the time that a 10% increase in broadband penetration correlates to a 1.5% increase
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