I I I I I I I Memo~ I L ~

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

I I I I I I I Memo~ I L ~ Appendix 1 UNDERSTANDING MICROCOMPUTER BUSES A1.1 WHAT IS A MICROCOMPUTER BUS? for example, is connected to the microcomputer bus via a parallel or serial interface, which takes the The main 'building blocks' of a microcomputer form of a board connected to the bus, see Fig. 50. comprise the CPU, internal memory and I/O, see This book features two types of bus structure: the Fig. 49. Apple II family and the IBM PC, but there are many These 'building blocks' pass data to one another others. Each bus would originally have been designed under the control of the CPU via a data highway by the computer manufacturer in question, but called the bus. In a typical microcomputer each of because certain computers have become very popu­ these building blocks will be realised as one or lar, their buses have become de facto industry more microcomputer boards. Each peripheral (I/O), standards. This is certainly true for the Apple II and Microcomputer 1---------------------------, I CPU I I I I Control block I Data from Data and control external devices I I to external devices (eg. keyboards, (eg. printer, visual disk drives) I display unit) I I I I I I I Memo~ I L ~ Fig.49 The main internal units of the microcomputer User's Interface Motor Solenoid C)CI) o~ valve -Q)co> ~~ Processors Memo~ Digital 110 Analog 110 Peripheral Industrial 1/0 8088 RAM Input ports DACs interface 8086 ROM Output ports ADCs 6502 280 etc. Fig. 50 The System Bus, with its power, data and microcomputer system can be assembled by adding address and control lines. A special purpose the right combination of boards 239 Expanding and Networking Microcomputers IBM PC. In other cases, bus structures have been infrequent, or important peripherals, to secure the adopted by the US Institute of Electronic and attention of the CPU. Electrical Engineers (IEEE),to be redefined and firmly Some microcomputer buses will allow more than established as an industry standard. Typical examples one device to gain control of the bus lines. A system are the 5-100 bus (lEEE-696), the GPIB bus (lEEE­ may have more than one processor or variety of 488) and the Multibus (lEEE-795). intelligent cards, such as disk controllers, on the A bus is a way of connecting boards together. It bus. Any device that is capable of controlling bus has a physical (hardware) and procedural (software) operation is usually referred to as a bus master and part and we have seen that for the Apple II and IBM passive devices on the bus, such as memory, I/O PC there are over 300 boards available for each ports etc., are called slaves. A system will always machine which, either singularly or in combination, have at least one master and one slave, and it may can give these microcomputers very specific capabili­ have several of each. ties. These boards will conform rigidly to the physical and electrical specifications laid down by Apple and A1.3 SYSTEM EXPANSION IBM respectively for their bus structure. Within the microcomputer several types of buses With the Apple II and the IBM PC expansion occurs are used to transmit power, data, address and via the motherboard. This is a large printed-circuit control signals. Collectively they are referred to as board that distributes bus signals to connectors the system bus, see Fig. 50. which mate with system boards. The appeal of both these microcomputers is that it is quite easy to A1.2 BUS STRUCTURES enhance their performance by slotting in a new board. It is now fashionable to refer to this as open system architecture, although when the Apple II first A1.2.1 Address Lines came out in 1977, several add-in boards were A bus carries electrical signals to and from the required before the machine could begin to do microprocessor and these consist of address, data anything useful. However, both as a result of this and control information. The address lines are used 'openness' and the ease of access to the Apple by the processor to indicate to memory and other motherboard, many small engineering firms were peripherals the location with which it wishes to encouraged to developed special purpose boards. communicate. 8 bit processors such as the 6502 This increased the appeal of the Apple, a lesson that used in the Apple, or the Z-80, have 16 address IBM had learnt when the PC was launched some lines, generally labelled AO-A15, that are divided into five years later. two 8 bit bytes. AO-A7 comprise the low-address Apart from 5-100 based systems, most other byte and lines A8-A15 form the high address byte. microcomputers do not have the expansion capability Thus the maximum addressing capability of an 8 bit of the Apple II and IBM PC. Indeed, with the latest processor is 216 bits, or 65536 bits expressed as 64 generation of Apple products - the Lisa and Kb. Not all the address lines may be used by any Macintosh, there has been a deliberate move away one board. The Intel 8086 and the Motorola 68000 from this approach. Both the Apple and IBM PC are 16 bit processors that may contain up to 24 have well designed power supplies which produce address lines. the necessary voltages and provide the extra current required when a new board is added. Power A1.2.2 Data Lines requirement is a critical factor in a system that is The data lines, usually designated 00-07 on 8 bit being expanded. buses and 00-015 on 16 bit buses, carry instructions and data between the processor and all the A1.4 DEVELOPMENT OF MICROCOMPUTER BUSES peripherals, including memory. All processors have bidirectional data lines which carry information both into and out of the processor. The direction of A1.4.1 The S-100/IEEE-696 Bus information flow on these lines is usually under In 1974 a series of articles appeared in the processor control. Most buses, with the notable U5 magazine Radio Electronics which described exception of 5-100 and the Digital Group buses, construction plans for a computer called the Mark maintain bidirectional data lines. The 5-100 splits 8. This was based on the now obsolete Intel the data lines into eight data input and eight data microprocessor, the 8008, and it represented the output lines. The Digital Group bus splits them into first time a computer had become available to anyone eight memory-data in, eight memory-data out, eight other than an employee of a large corporation. I/O in, eight I/O out. Earlier in the year that the Mark 8 article had appeared, Intel announced the 8080, an enhanced A1.2.3 Control Lines version of the 8008 processor. Les Soloman, editor The control lines coordinate the operation of the of the rival magazine Popular Electronics also decided system components connected by the bus. Most to publish a series of articles on microcomputer buses include a master clock line that indicates to construction, but based on the 8080. It was arranged peripherals that the address placed on the bus is that the kit would be sold by a small electronics settled and valid. company, Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry The direction of the flow of data on the data lines Systems (MITS), and the product was to be called is determined by one or more processor signals. the Altair 8800. The first Altair article appeared in Most buses include reset lines whilst interrupt inputs the January 1975 issue of Popular Electronics and are common to all systems. These inputs allow the kit was an instant success. 240 Appendix 1 108 The Altair was built around a motherboard with I I I I I I I I add-in boards interfacing to the system bus. MITS I I I I called its bus the Altair bus and the designers chose Back- I I I I """""---- plane ---- I I I I a connector for the motherboard that had 100 pins, buses because they were readily available at a discounted Local Area Networks price. The design was largely ad hoc, mainly because ,...... there was no prior experience, but at least it worked. II I I I I I I Success created competition and another company, II IEEE-488 I I I I I II I IMSAI, launched an improved version of the Altair, I but fortunately it used the same bus design. ----+ I I ~----t---~---- I I I I I I In a relatively short period a number of firms I I I I I I were producing Altair look-alikes and other names I I I I I I such as Cromemco, Polymorphic and Processor RS23~C ~---~---~---- e----t---t I I I I I Technology were not uncommon at the time. I I I II I A degree of rationalisation was required and one I I I I I I of the directors of Cromemco, Roger Millan, decided ----+----t---~---~---~~--~---- I I I II I a generic name was needed for the bus. He proposed I I I I I I to call it the Standard 100 Bus in view of the pin I I I I I I I I I I I I I count, or S-100 for short, and the name caught on. 4 For the most part the manufacturers of S­ 10' 10 100 compatible products adhered to the bus/pin Range/metres arrangements quite closely but the relative timings of the various bus signals varied considerably from Fig. 51 Performance characteristics of the different one manufacturer to the next.
Recommended publications
  • Retail Prices in RED Color Are Sale Prices. Limit One Per Customer
    Retail prices in RED color are sale prices. Limit one per customer. Limited to stock on hand. Cases The parts listed below are normal stock items. However, we also have access to and can special order Addtronics, A-Top, Boomrack, Coolermaster, Enlight, Foxconn, Intel, InWin, Lite-On, PC Power & Cooling, Startech and SuperMicro. Description Manufacturer Model# Mid-Tower ATX Cases Retail Stock Black Elite 350 Mid-Tower ATX Case, Includes 500Watt Power Supply, (4) RC-350- Cooler Master 5.25" & (1) 3.5" External Bays, (6) 3.5" Internal Bays, 16.1"Hx7.1"Wx17.9"D, $95.00 3 KKR500 w/2-USB Front Ports, Includes (1) 120MM Rear Fan SGC-2000- Storm Scout SGC-2000-KKN1-GP Black Steel / Plastic ATX Mid Tower Cooler Master $95.00 1 KKN1-GP Computer Case No Power Supply Included RC-912- HAF 912 RC-912-KKN1 Black SECC/ ABS Plastic ATX Mid Tower Computer Cooler Master $75.00 0 KKN1 Case, No Power Supply V3 Black Edition VL80001W2Z Black SECC / Plastic ATX Mid Tower Thermaltake VL80001W2Z $70.00 4 Computer Case VN900A1W2 Commander Series Commander MS-II Black SECC ATX Mid Tower Computer Thermaltake $80.00 1 N Case Zalman Z9 PLUS Z9 Plus Black Steel / Plastic ATX Mid Tower Computer Case $80.00 1 Z11 PLUS Zalman ZALMAN Z11 Plus HF1 Black Steel / Plastic ATX Mid Tower Computer Case $95.00 1 HF1 Manufacturer Model# Retail Stock 2.5in SATA Hard Drive to 3.5in Drive Bay Mounting Kit (Includes 1 x BRACKET25 Combined 7+15 pin SATA plus LP4 Power to SATA Cable Connectors 1x Startech $15.00 7 SAT SATA 7 pin Female Connector Connectors 1x SATA 15 pin Female Connector Connectors 1x LP4 Male Connector) CD-ROM, CD-Burners, DVD-ROM, DVD-Burners and Media The parts listed below are normal stock items.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Computer Monitor User Guide
    SmallSmall ComputerComputer MonitorMonitor UserUser GuideGuide Monitor version 1.0 for the Z80 CPU Software and Documentation by Stephen C Cousins Edition 1.0.0 CONTENTS OVERVIEW................................................................................................................4 Conventions....................................................................................................... 4 Serial port.......................................................................................................... 5 LiNC80 systems.................................................................................................. 5 RC2014 systems................................................................................................. 6 COMMANDS..............................................................................................................7 ? or Help............................................................................................................ 7 API function call................................................................................................. 8 Assemble instructions...................................................................................... 10 Baud rate setting............................................................................................. 13 Breakpoint set or clear..................................................................................... 13 Console...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Microprocessors 1 Lecture
    st Ass.Lec. Zaid Raad Microprocessors 1 Lecture THE MICROPROCESSOR-BASED PERSONAL COMPUTER SYSTEM Computer systems have undergone many changes recently. Machines that once filled large areas have been reduced to small desktop computer systems because of the microprocessor they possess computing power that was only dreamed of a few years ago. Million-dollar mainframe computer systems, developed in the early 1980s, are not as powerful as the Pentium Core2-based computers of today. The below diagram also applies to any computer system, from the early mainframe computers to the latest microprocessor-based systems. The block diagram is composed of three blocks that are interconnected by buses. Bus: is the set of common connections that carry the same type of information. For example, the address bus, which contains 20 or more connections, conveys the memory address to the memory. 1 st Ass.Lec. Zaid Raad Microprocessors 1 Lecture The Memory and I/O System The memory structure of all Intel-based personal computers is similar. This includes the first personal computers based upon the 8088, introduced in 1981 by IBM, to the most powerful high speed versions of today The memory system is divided into three main parts: 1. TPA (transient program area), 2. System area 3. XMS (extended memory system). *The type of microprocessor in your computer determines whether an extended memory system exists. If the computer is based upon a really old 8086 or 8088 (a PC or XT), the TPA and systems area exist, but there is no extended memory area. The PC and XT computers contain 640K bytes of TPA and 384K bytes of system memory for a total memory size of 1M bytes.
    [Show full text]
  • Operators Manual
    FireWire PCI Board FireWire/USB PCI Board FireWire CardBus PC Card For Macintosh and PC Operators Manual Revision date: February 5, 2000 Introduction This Operators Manual was designed specifically to provide you with an easy reference for installing the Orange Micro OrangeLink FireWire 1394 series products. About this manual The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. We welcome your comments on any area of Orange Micro products or service. Please send your comments to: Product Manager Orange Micro, Inc. 1400 N. Lakeview Ave. Anaheim, California 92807 Orange Micro may use or distribute any of the information you supply in any way it deems appropriate without incurring any obligations whatsoever. Warning This manual and the software described herein are protected by United States Copyright law (Title 17 United States Code). Unauthorized reproduction and/or sales may result in imprisonment for up to one year and fines of up to $10,000 (17 USC 506). Copyright violators may also be subject to civil liability. Copyright Information OrangeLink is a trademark of Orange Micro, Inc. Premiere is registered trademark of Adobe. i.LINK is a trademark of Sony Corporation. Apple, Macintosh, FireWire and Final Cut Pro are trademarks and registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Ulead, the Ulead logo, and Ulead VideoStudio are trademarks of Ulead Systems, Inc. Copyright © Orange Micro, Inc. 2000. All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form except by written permission from Orange Micro, Inc. -
    [Show full text]
  • People's Computer Company Jan-Feb 71 •
    yolS no 4 People's Computer Company jan-feb 71 •.. ········CO"N·TENTS······························.. •· .. ·......... ...............................................·········· ··············iiii·yH·isTssuf· .. ·...... ············ .................................................................................• ............. , Subscription Information 2 Results of the pee Readerlhip Survey: Who We Are Come alld gel il,1 A jam-packed over-sized issue! Rulx;ts. Sat!!flites, spa,'(! games, 5 My Computer Uk .. Me even Better When We Hold Conversations . s/)(u'(! colullies, space ships, space out! Flllllrislic (('chllo/UKY Q/ld computers are another way of introducing children to programming aimosl iI/separable. Qllc/ we're just 011 the frulllien of exploratiun. Howabuut IIollle microcomputers linked Ilia public imerest satellite fo play Q I1l1lssive game 7 Crossword Punle Solution to design Qnd builcJ Q sfarship? Or what abmlf.. well, read the articles and let 8 A dly in the Ufe of eec .... inside a storefront computer installation us klluw your reactiuns' open to the publi(l 10 The Data Handler Usar', Manual ... a aerialized how·to for ulers of We 'n' lots uf educatiunal articles for all teachers Ihose in tile clilssruom as well as Ihe hume educaturs: see how 10 readl kids ",';11, COl/venatiUlUlI progrommillg 6502 microprocessors and Do" InnUlI! 's {rullt-o{-a-series uf how-lU articles all Ihe 6502-basecl Dala 12 Calculator Calculus _. _ a classroom revolution Handler. Severo' u{ the edlu-ariullal articles will be Ile/pflll hOlh 10 begillllers 13 Kalculator Korner ... problems and tricks alld alsu those wllo teadl begillllers. 14 Tinv BASIC ... an introduction for beginners And there's more. mure. more: sumething {ur evcryone: games listings, calcu­ 17 REVERSE •.. a game to turn you around lator arricles, Till)' wl/guages.
    [Show full text]
  • Speed Negotiation Improvement for Hard Disk Drive Serial ATA Interface by Considering Host Compatibility
    Speed Negotiation Improvement for Hard Disk Drive Serial ATA Interface by Considering Host Compatibility by Apisak Srihamat A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Microelectronics and Embedded Systems Examination Committee: Dr.Mongkol Ekpanyapong (Chairperson) Dr.Metthew N. Dailey Mak Chee Wai (External Expert) Nationality: Thai Previous Degree: Bachelor in Computer Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology, Ladkrabang, Thailand Scholarship Donor: Western Digital – AIT Fellowship Asian Institute of Technology School of Engineering and Technology Thailand December 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to thankful to Dr. Mongkol Ekpanyapong and Dr. Matthew N. Dailey who gave a very good guidance and support encouraged me to study and understand the objective, scope and limitations of this thesis. Then continue provide technical discussion to make me have clearer picture. I’m heartily thankful to Dr.Matthew N. Dailey, Dr.Manukid Parnichkun, and Dr.Metha Jeeradit who gave a very good suggestion during I study in AIT. I also would like to show my gratitude to Western Digital who gives me a time, support and job while I am studying master degree. Special appreciation goes to my supervisor at work, Mr. Petrus Hu, shouldering some of the responsibilities on my behalf in order to allow time for me to be away to complete my Masters study. The person I cannot forget, Mr. Mak Chee Wai as the external expert on the committee panel. He provided invaluable feedback, constant encouragement and support during my Masters study. I would like to thanks to my parents and family, who understand and allowed me to have extra time to work on this thesis.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft Plays Hardball: Use of Exclusionary Pricing and Technical
    Antitrust Bulletin, XL:2, Summer 1995, 265-315 MICROSOFT PLAYS HARDBALL: The Use of Exclusionary Pricing and Technical Incompatibility to Maintain Monopoly Power in Markets for Operating System Software† by KENNETH C. BASEMAN* FREDERICK R. WARREN-BOULTON* and GLENN A. WOROCH** May 1995 ___________________ * Principals, MiCRA: Microeconomic Consulting and Research Associates, Inc., Washington, DC. ** University of California, Berkeley. † Forthcoming, Antitrust Bulletin, June 1995. We would like to express our appreciation for helpful comments and other assistance to Sturge Sobin, Linnet Harlan, Paul Dennis and the participants at the Columbia Business School's Institute for Tele-Information's Seminar on Sustaining Competition in Network Industries through Regulating and Pricing Access, especially Janusz Ordover and Bobby Willig. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY ................................... 1 II. BACKGROUND .................................................... 3 A. THE MARKET FOR PERSONAL COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS ............................................................ 3 TABLE: NEW SHIPMENTS OF PERSONAL COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS .............................................. 8 B. MICROSOFT'S PRACTICES ..................................... 9 III. FIRST-DEGREE PRICE DISCRIMINATION vs. INEFFICIENT SUBSTITUTION ................................................... 15 A. FIRST-DEGREE PRICE DISCRIMINATION ........................ 16 B. INEFFICIENT SUBSTITUTION ................................. 20 IV. ANTIFRAUD AND ANTIPIRACY
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    ^9/08/89 11:43 U206 883 8101 MICROSOFT CORP.. 12)002 Table of Contents m-^mm Table of Contaits 09/08/89 11:44 'Q206 883 8101 MICROSOFT CORP _ _ [ 1003 The Story Begins JAN The story of MS-DOS_begins ..in a hotel in Albuquerque, New Mexico. 1975 In 1975, Albuquerque was the home of Micro Instrumentation'Telemetry MiTS introduces the 8080-baseci Systems, better known as MITS- In January of that year, MITS had intro- Altair computer. duced a kit computer called the Altair. When it was first snipped, the Altair consisted of a metal box with, a panel of switches for input and output, a power supply, and-two boards. One board was the CPU.. At its heart was the 8-bit 8080 microprocessor chip from InteL The other board provided 256 bytes of memory. The Altair had no keyboard, no monitor, and no permanent storage. But it had a revolutionary price tag. It cost $397. For the first time, the term "personal computer" acquired a real-world meaning. The real world of the Altair was not, however, the world of business computing. It was-primarily the world of the computer hobbyist These first users of the microcomputer were not as interested in using spreadsheets and word processors as they were in programming. Accordingly, the first soft- ware for the Altair was a programming language. And the company that developed it was a two-man firm, in Albuquerque, called Microsoft FEB The two men at MiCTosof^ej^PailjAJten^and Bffl Gates-Allen and 1975 Gates-had met when-they were both students at Lakeside High School in Microsoft sails first BASIC to Seattle, where they began their computer-science education oa the school's MITS lor Altair time-sharing terminal By the time Gates had graduated, me two of them had computer.
    [Show full text]
  • COMMODORE HOTLINE - What's New on the Commodore Scene 1 4
    co mmodore COMPUTING international December 1SS2 £1.00 U S A S32.5Q MICROS FOR OPTICIANS CBM 64 MEMORY MAPS NEW BEGINNERS GUIDE WORD PROCESSING LIGHT PEN VICAID VIC Two sets of Fabulous Utilities in one! LIG H TPEN PROGRAMMERS TOOLKIT Gives extra commands: Auto, Number, Help, Delete, Change, DAMS PRICE T race, Step, LightPen, Breaketc. and ONLY MACHINE CODE MONITOR Gives Save, Memory Display, Load, Verify etc. Similar to TIM on PET. + VAT Examine the VICS ROM £ 1 7 .3 5 Needs DAMS RAM/ROM board or similar FOR PET £ 1 9 .9 5 vat 12" SCREEN £ 1 9 .9 5 + VAT VICMON RAM ’N ROM THE ULTIMATE BOARD PROGRAMING AID FOR THE VIC 3K RAM In Hires area. Also space for Full machine code VICAID and package with: VICMON Assembler, Dissassembler, programming aids Fill, Re-locate, Identify, Exchange, Compare, Printing, Dissassembler etc., etc. Needs DAMS RAM/ROM board or similar +VAT £ 1 9 .9 5 + VAT (Includes Cover) BUY THE 3K RAM N ROM BOARD WITH VICAID AND VICMON WITH MACHINE CODE MANUAL (WORTH £5.00) FROM MOS TECHNOLOGY FOR ONLY £67.85 + VAT AND GET A FREE VIC LIGHT PEN (WORTH £17.35) VIC REFERENCE GUIDE R.R.P. £14.95 DAMS PRICE £14.50 VIC STARTER KIT VIC 20 C2N Cassette Deck, 10 Blank Cassettes, User Manual, Vic Programmers Reference Guide, ANTIGLARE 1 Joystick. Worth£238.30 ONLY«^0 4 m A A SCREENS FOR PET L Z 1 4 . U U +v a t 40 Column (VAT INCL. PRICE = £244.62) £17.95 80 Column OR VIC 20 With free 3K RAM pack or £19.95 Super Cartridge Game ONLY £173.83 ALL PRICES PLUS VAT VDU VIEW THRU + VAT ACCESS & DAMS BUSINESS COMPUTERS LTD.
    [Show full text]
  • IBM Services ISMS / PIMS Products / Pids in Scope
    1H 2021 Certified Product List IBM services ISMS/PIMS Product/Service Offerings/PIDs in scope The following is a list of products associated with the offering bundles in scope of the IBM services information security management system (ISMS). The Cloud services ISMS has been certified on: ISO/IEC 27001:2013 ISO/IEC 27017:2015 ISO/IEC 27018:2019 ISO/IEC 27701:2019 As well as the IBM Cloud Services STAR Self-Assessment found here: This listing is current as of 07/20/2021 IBM Cloud Services STAR Self-Assessment Cloud Controls Matrix v3.0.1 https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/registry/ibm-cloud/ To find out more about IBM Cloud compliance go to: https://www.ibm.com/cloud/compliance/global type groupNameproductName pids ISO Group AccessHub-at-IBM Offering AccessHub-at-IBM N/A ISO Group AI Applications - Maximo and TRIRIGA Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management Anywhere on Cloud (Maximo) 5725-Z55 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management Anywhere on Cloud (Maximo) Add-On 5725-Z55 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management on Cloud (Maximo) Asset Configuration Manager Add-On 5725-P73 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management on Cloud (Maximo) Aviation Add-On 5725-P73 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management on Cloud (Maximo) Calibration Add-On 5725-P73 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management on Cloud (Maximo) for Managed Service Provider Add-On 5725-P73 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management on Cloud (Maximo) Health, Safety and Environment Manager Add-On 5725-P73 Offering IBM Enterprise Asset Management on Cloud (Maximo) Life Sciences Add-On
    [Show full text]
  • ©Beebugsoft 19984
    EXMON II Extended machine code monitor supplied on Eprom for the BBC Micro and Electron BEEBUG SOFT BEEBUG SOFT BEEBUG SOFT BEEBUG SOFT EXMON II THIRD GENERATION MACHINE CODE MONITOR For the BBC MICRO & ELECTRON ©BEEBUGSOFT 1984 P.O. Box 50, St. Albans, Herts. All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced in whole or part by any means without written permission of the publisher. Unauthorised hiring, renting, loaning, public performance or broadcasting of this product or its constituent parts is prohibited. While every care is taken, the publisher cannot be held responsible for any errors in this product. 1 EXMON II THIRD GENERATION MACHINE CODE MONITOR For the BBC MICRO &ELECTRON by Mark Tilley CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 2. Starting Instructions 5 3. General Overview 6 4. Memory Editor 11 5. Simple Commands 13 6. Relocation 15 7. Debugging Commands 17 8. Single-Stepping 19 9. Trace Options 20 10. Dual Screen Operation 21 Appendix (i) Examples 24 Appendix (ii) Assembling from tape/disc 26 Appendix (iii) Electron Notes 27 Appendix (iv) Command Summary 28 2 3 1. INTRODUCTION EXMON II is an extremely sophisticated third generation machine code monitor for the BBC Micro and Electron. It incorporates a number of advanced features not to be found on EXMON I (i.e. the first release of EXMON), while omitting only one EXMON I feature -- the on-screen Help facility. This had to be sacrificed because of lack of space, and is replaced by a command summary card. Electron users should consult appendix (iii) at this point.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethernet Networks: Design, Implementation, Operation, Management
    Ethernet Networks: Design, Implementation, Operation, Management. Gilbert Held Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-470-84476-0 ethernet networks Fourth Edition Books by Gilbert Held, published by Wiley Quality of Service in a Cisco Networking Environment 0 470 84425 6 (April 2002) Bulletproofing TCP/IP-Based Windows NT/2000 Networks 0 471 49507 7 (April 2001) Understanding Data Communications: From Fundamentals to Networking, Third Edition 0 471 62745 3 (October 2000) High Speed Digital Transmission Networking: Covering T/E-Carrier Multiplexing, SONET and SDH, Second Edition 0 471 98358 6 (April 1999) Data Communications Networking Devices: Operation, Utilization and LAN and WAN Internetworking, Fourth Edition 0 471 97515 X (November 1998) Dictionary of Communications Technology: Terms, Definitions and Abbreviations, Third Edition 0 471 97517 6 (May 1998) Internetworking LANs and WANs: Concepts, Techniques and Methods, Second Edition 0 471 97514 1 (May 1998) LAN Management with SNMP and RMON 0 471 14736 2 (September 1996) ethernet networks Fourth Edition ♦ Design ♦ Implementation ♦ Operation ♦ Management GILBERT HELD 4-Degree Consulting, Macon, Georgia, USA Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (+44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected] Visit our Home Page on www.wileyeurope.com or www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher.
    [Show full text]