Cuestionario a Los Gobiernos
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The Hispanization of Chamacoco Syntax
DOI: 10.26346/1120-2726-170 The hispanization of Chamacoco syntax Luca Ciucci Language and Culture Research Centre, James Cook University, Australia <[email protected]> This paper investigates contact-driven syntactic change in Chamacoco (a.k.a. Ɨshɨr ahwoso), a Zamucoan language with about 2,000 speakers in Paraguay. Chamacoco syntax was originally characterized by a low number of conjunc- tions, like its cognate Ayoreo. Although Chamacoco shows transfers from other neighboring languages, a turning point in language change was the beginning of regular contacts with Western society around the year 1885. Since then, Spanish has exerted a growing influence on Chamacoco, affecting all levels of linguistic analysis. Most speakers are today Chamacoco-Spanish bilingual, and the lan- guage is endangered. Chamacoco has borrowed some conjunctions from Spanish, and new clause combining strategies have replaced older syntactic structures. Other function words introduced from Spanish include temporal adverbs, dis- course markers, quantifiers and prepositions. I discuss their uses, the reasons for their borrowing and their interaction with original Chamacoco function words. Some borrowed function words can combine with autochthonous conjunctions to create new subordinators that are calques from Spanish compound subor- dinating conjunctions. This resulted in remarkable syntactic complexification. Chamacoco comparatives, modeled on the Spanish ones, are also likely instances of contact-induced complexification, since there are reasons to surmise that Chamacoco originally lacked dedicated comparative structures. Keywords: Chamacoco, clause combining, comparatives, coordination, function words, language contact, South American Indigenous languages, subordination, syntax, Zamucoan. 1. Introduction This study analyzes the influence exerted by Spanish on the syntax of Chamacoco, a Zamucoan language of northern Paraguay. -
PUEBLOS INDÍGENOS AISLADOS En La Amazonia Y El Gran Chaco “™"!2008
www.flacsoandes.edu.ec \J S e ‘X x o l 8 PUEBLOS INDÍGENOS AISLADOS en la Amazonia y el Gran Chaco “™"!2008 UN APORTE DE ECUADOR A LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE UNA POLÍTICA REGIONAL m 3 o S . S g 5 É > 2 > e Publicado por ■ Ministerio del Ambiente de Ecuador - Plan de Medidas Cautelares para la Protección de los Pueblos Indígenas Aislados ■ Programa para la Conservación y Manejo Sostenible del Patrimonio Natural y Cultural de la Reserva de la Biósfera Yasuní FLACSO N E : ... NB: . 5IS 1... BÍBLIÜTECA-FLACSO-EC F echa ... ./. ¿zJ& c-tsP . Z P fR . ., P r e c i o ........... .................................................... P roveedor............... .................. C a n je ............................................................ .Jonación. ...m .v ........................ Levantamiento de textos ■ Poema Carrión Revisión y edición de textos ■ Alejandro Aguirre Edición final ■ Alejandra Adoum ■ 2010 Quito, Ecuador PUEBLOS *JDÍGENAS A 3LAD0S EN LA AMAZCArA y EL GRAN CHACO Prólogo Pueblos Indígenas Aislados y 7 en Contacto Inicial en la Amazonia y el Gran Chaco Beatriz Huertas La salud como problema clave 15 en la situación de los Pueblos Indígenas Aislados Neptalí Cueva La Política Pública 33 para Indígenas Aislados y de Contacto Reciente en Brasil Antenor Vaz Los Pueblos Indígenas Aislados 45 en Paraguay y Bolivia 4 Bernardo Fischermann I La Iniciativa Amotocodie 53 y los pueblos Ayoreo 5 del Paraguay Miguel Ángel Alarcón El Plan de Medidas Cautelares 69 como parte de la política específica de protección a los Pueblos Indígenas Aislados en -
Paraguay: Indigenous Peoples' Survival at Risk
UA: 284/14 Index: AMR 45/010/2014 Paraguay Date: 10 November 2014 URGENT ACTION INDIGENOUS PEOPLES’ SURVIVAL AT RISK Land that the Ayoreo Totobiegosode Indigenous people claim as their traditional territory has been invaded in the department of Alto Paraguay in the north of the country. This threatens the survival of the Indigenous peoples living in voluntary isolation in this area. During an inspection carried out on 21 October, the Ayoreo Totobiegosode Indigenous people verified that the owner of the neighbouring estate, a cattle ranching company, was building a fence in the land they claim as part of their traditional territory. This particular piece of land was registered in 1997 as property Registration Number RO3 236 of the Ayoreo Totobiegosode, in the department of Puerto Casado, Alto Paraguay, Chaco. According to the rganization People, Environment and Territory (Gente, Ambiente y Territorio, GAT) and the Organization Payipie Ichadie Totobiegosode (OPIT) in 2012 a licence was given by the Ministry of Environment (Secretaría del Ambiente, SEAM) allowing the neighbouring company to exploit an extension of land that included part of the Ayoreo property Registration Number RO3 236, and that is larger than the land legally owned by the firm. This situation puts the Jonoine–urasade, a group of the Ayoreo Totobiesgosode who live in voluntary isolation, in a particularly serious danger given the risk of unwanted contact, further deforestation and irreversible degradation of their natural territory, which puts their livelihoods and cultural and physical survival at risk. On 21 October, legal representatives of the Ayoreo Totobiegosode presented a formal complaint reporting the invasion of the land legally owned by the Indigenous peoples and demanding that the construction of the fence be immediately stopped. -
The “Person” Category in the Zamuco Languages. a Diachronic Perspective
On rare typological features of the Zamucoan languages, in the framework of the Chaco linguistic area Pier Marco Bertinetto Luca Ciucci Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa The Zamucoan family Ayoreo ca. 4500 speakers Old Zamuco (a.k.a. Ancient Zamuco) spoken in the XVIII century, extinct Chamacoco (Ɨbɨtoso, Tomarâho) ca. 1800 speakers The Zamucoan family The first stable contact with Zamucoan populations took place in the early 18th century in the reduction of San Ignacio de Samuco. The Jesuit Ignace Chomé wrote a grammar of Old Zamuco (Arte de la lengua zamuca). The Chamacoco established friendly relationships by the end of the 19th century. The Ayoreos surrended rather late (towards the middle of the last century); there are still a few nomadic small bands in Northern Paraguay. The Zamucoan family Main typological features -Fusional structure -Word order features: - SVO - Genitive+Noun - Noun + Adjective Zamucoan typologically rare features Nominal tripartition Radical tenselessness Nominal aspect Affix order in Chamacoco 3 plural Gender + classifiers 1 person ø-marking in Ayoreo realis Traces of conjunct / disjunct system in Old Zamuco Greater plural and clusivity Para-hypotaxis Nominal tripartition Radical tenselessness Nominal aspect Affix order in Chamacoco 3 plural Gender + classifiers 1 person ø-marking in Ayoreo realis Traces of conjunct / disjunct system in Old Zamuco Greater plural and clusivity Para-hypotaxis Nominal tripartition All Zamucoan languages present a morphological tripartition in their nominals. The base-form (BF) is typically used for predication. The singular-BF is (Ayoreo & Old Zamuco) or used to be (Cham.) the basis for any morphological operation. The full-form (FF) occurs in argumental position. -
World Bank Document
Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: PAD1365-BO INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT AND INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT ON A PROPOSED LOAN IN THE AMOUNT OF US$200 MILLION Public Disclosure Authorized AND A PROPOSED CREDIT IN THE AMOUNT OF US$30 MILLION TO THE PLURINATIONAL STATE OF BOLIVIA FOR A SANTA CRUZ ROAD CORRIDOR CONNECTOR PROJECT (SAN IGNACIO – SAN JOSE) Public Disclosure Authorized December 13, 2016 Transport and ICT Global Practice Public Disclosure Authorized Latin America and the Caribbean Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective June 1, 2016) Currency Unit = Bolivian bolivianos (BOB) BOB 6.91 = US$1.00 US$1.00 = SDR 1.40 FISCAL YEAR January 1 – December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AADT Annual Average Daily Traffic AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ABC Bolivian Road Agency (Administradora Boliviana de Carreteras) AC Asphalt Concrete AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome CReCE Contracts for Rehabilitation and Achievement of Standards (Contratos de Rehabilitación y Cumplimiento de Estándares) CUT Treasury Single Account (Cuenta Única Tesoro) DBMOT Design-Build-Maintain-Operate-Transfer DST Double Surface Treatment EMP Environment Management Plan EIA Environmental Impact -
Ayoreo Curing Songs John Renshaw University of Kent, [email protected]
Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America ISSN: 2572-3626 (online) Volume 4 Issue 1 Special Issue in honor of Joanna Overing: In the Article 12 World and About the World: Amerindian Modes of Knowledge May 2006 “The ffecE tiveness of Symbols” Revisited: Ayoreo Curing Songs John Renshaw University of Kent, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Renshaw, John (2006). "“The Effectiveness of Symbols” Revisited: Ayoreo Curing Songs," Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America: Vol. 4: Iss. 1, Article 12. Available at: http://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/tipiti/vol4/iss1/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Tipití (2006) 4(1&2):247–269 © 2006 SALSA 247 ISSN 1545-4703 Printed in USA “The Effectiveness of Symbols” Revisited: Ayoreo Curing Songs JOHN RENSHAW University of Kent [email protected] Lévi-Strauss’s well-known paper “The Effectiveness of Symbols,” originally published in 1949, is still used as a basic text for teaching the anthropology of health and illness (Lévi-Strauss 1963:186–205). Indeed, I would argue that since the paper was written there has been little advance in addressing the two fundamental issues that Lévi-Strauss raises: firstly, whether shamanistic curing techniques are in fact effective and, secondly, if they are, how they achieve their ends.1 These are questions that anthropology has to address with as much honesty as possible. -
World Bank Document
IPP264 Paraguay Community Development Project Indigenous Peoples Development Framework Introduction Public Disclosure Authorized 1. Indigenous Peoples (IP) in Paraguay represent only 1.7% of the total population (about 87,100) people, according to the most recent Indigenous Peoples Census (2002). Notwithstanding, IP, show a higher population growth rate (3.9%) than the average for the national population (2.7%). Therefore, it is possible to expect that the proportion of IP will continue to grow for some time, even though they will continue to be a small proportion of the total population. 2. There are 19 different ethnic groups1 belonging to five linguistic families2, being the most numerous those belonging to the Guarari linguistic family3 (46,000 or 53%), followed by the Maskoy linguistic family groups4 (21,000 or 24%). The four largest IP groups are the Ava-Guarani (13,400 or 15.5%), Mbyá (14,300 or 16.7%), Pâí Tavyterâ (13,100 or 15.2%), and the Nivacle (12,000 or 13.9%). Most indigenous peoples speak Public Disclosure Authorized their own language and have a limited command of Spanish. Table 1: Distribution of Indigenous Population by Department Department Indigenous Population Absolute % of total 90 0.1 Asunción Concepción 2,670 3.09 San Pedro 2,736 3.16 Cordillera Guairá 1,056 1.22 Caaguazú 6,884 7.95 Caazapá 2,528 2.92 Public Disclosure Authorized Itapúa 2,102 2.43 Misiones Paraguarí Alto Paraná 4,697 5.43 Central 1,038 1.20 Ñeembucú Amambay 10,519 12.16 Canindeyú 9,529 11.01 Pte. Hayes 19,751 22.82 Boquerón 19,754 22.83 Alto Paraguay 3,186 3.68 1 According to the II Indigenous Census, there are 19 ethnic groups: Guaraní Occidental, Aché, Ava- Guaraní, Mbya, Pai-Tavytera, Ñandeva, Maskoy, Enlhet norte, Enxet sur, Sanapaná, Toba, Angaité, Guaná, Nivaclé, Maká, Manjui, Ayoreo, Chamacoco(Yvytoso & Tomaraho), Toba-Qom. -
Alberto Vojtech Fric Photograph Collection
Alberto Vojtech Fric photograph collection Emily Moazami 2020 National Museum of the American Indian 4220 Silver Hill Rd Suitland 20746-2863 [email protected] http://nmai.si.edu/explore/collections/archive/ Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 2 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ...................................................................................................... Alberto Vojtech Fric photograph collection NMAI.AC.165 Collection Overview Repository: National Museum of the American Indian Title: Alberto Vojtech Fric photograph collection Identifier: NMAI.AC.165 Date: circa 1905-1923 Creator: Frič, Alberto Vojtěch, 1882-1944 (Photographer) Extent: 401 Photographs Language: English . Summary: This collection contains photographs documenting indigenous peoples photographed by Czech botanist and ethnographer Alberto -
Mennonites Turned Paraguay Into a Mega Beef Producer: Now Indigenous People Must Pay the Price 10 March 2020, by Joel E
Mennonites turned Paraguay into a mega beef producer: Now Indigenous people must pay the price 10 March 2020, by Joel E. Correia the Chaco's agricultural boom: Extensive deforestation also scars the region. Roughly 14% of the Chaco forest was cut down between 2001 and 2014. The Mennonites' success in transforming the Chaco into a ranching powerhouse now undermines their own long-sought solitude, endangers this famous forest and threatens the very existence of indigenous people who've lived in the region since time immemorial. South America’s bi-oceanic highway, which will stretch from the Pacific to the Atlantic – cutting right through Paraguay – is scheduled for completion in 2022. Credit: Joel Correia, Author provided The "new Panama Canal"—that's how some are hailing a highway now under construction in South America that spans the continent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The Bi-Oceanic Corridor cuts through the Paraguayan Chaco, Latin America's second- largest forest after the Amazon—and, these days, a hub of cattle ranching and soybean farming. A sign near Loma Plata, Paraguay, announcing the bi- oceanic highway is underway, February 2020. Credit: The Chaco—once a flat, scrubby and supposedly Joel E. Correia inhospitable forest – was transformed into a fertile agricultural region by Mennonite settlers who came to Paraguay in the early 1900s. Latin America's Mennonites By 2017 this landlocked country of 7 million had become the world's sixth-largest exporter of beef The Mennonites of the Paraguayan Chaco who .When the new road is completed in 2022, it will now number around 40,000, first arrived in the markedly increase beef and other agricultural 1920s, escaping persecution from Stalin's Russia exports by truck to global markets via seaports in by way of Canada. -
Ruin, Resistance and Renewal in a Qom Community of Northern Argentina
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2015 Fighting With Wine: Ruin, Resistance and Renewal in a Qom Community of Northern Argentina Christopher A. Golias University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Indigenous Studies Commons, Latin American Languages and Societies Commons, Latin American Studies Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Golias, Christopher A., "Fighting With Wine: Ruin, Resistance and Renewal in a Qom Community of Northern Argentina" (2015). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1741. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1741 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1741 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Fighting With Wine: Ruin, Resistance and Renewal in a Qom Community of Northern Argentina Abstract This study examines public binge drinking among the Qom (Toba) ex-foragers of Formosa, northern Argentina. Based upon 15 months of ethnographic fieldwork in a peri-urban Qom barrio (Lot 84), this analysis relates binge drinking to Qom ethnohistory, community life, and interactions with the Argentine state. The public, performative nature of Qom binge drinking is explored; intoxication is shown to convey in sometimes violent public spectacle the pathos of their socioeconomic marginality, reinforce non- indigenous Argentines’ entrenched perceptions of violent “Indians”, and paradoxically provide the Qom with vehicle for continued colonial resistance. Many Qom view drinking problems as rooted in Lot 84’s close proximity to the city (Formosa) relative to more rural Qom villages. Thus they reference a continuum of health that runs from urban, non-indigenous spaces to the rural bush country where foods—including home-brewed alcohol—are healthful rather than harmful. -
Paraguay Investment Guide 2019-2020 Summary
PARAGUAY INVESTMENT GUIDE 2019-2020 SUMMARY Investments and Exports Network of paraguay - REDIEX EDUCATION AND HEALTH IN COUNTRY TRAITS LEGAL FRAMEWORK PARAGUAY 1.1. Socio-economic, political and 4.1. Tax Regime 7.1. Education Services geographical profile 4.2. Labor System 7.2. Professional and Occupational 1.2. Land and basic infrastructure 4.3. Occupational health and safety Training Av. Mcal. López 3333 esq. Dr. Weiss 1.3. Service Infrastructure policies of covid-19 7.3. Health Services Asunción - Villa Morra 1.4. Corporate structure 4.4. Immigration Laws 1 4 7 Paraguay. Page. 9 1.5. Contractual relations between Page. 101 4.5. Intellectual Property Page. 151 Tel.: +595 21 616 3028 +595 21 616 3006 foreign companies and their 4.6. Summary of procedures and [email protected] - www.rediex.gov.py representatives in Paraguay requirements to request the foreign 1.6. Economy investor’s certification via SUACE Edition and General Coordination 4.7. Environmental legislation Paraguay Brazil Chamber of Commerce REAL ESTATE MARKET MAJOR INVESTMENT SECTORS IMPORT AND EXPORT OF GOODS 8.1. Procedure for real estate purchase 8.2. Land acquisition by foreigners 2.1. General Information 5.1. Regulatory framework for interna- Av. Aviadores del Chaco 2050, Complejo World Trade Center Asunción, 2.2. Countries investing in Paraguay tional trade Torre 1, Piso 14 Asunción - Paraguay 2.3. Investment sectors 5.2. Customs 8 Page. 157 Tel.: +595 21 612 - 614 | +595 21 614 - 901 2.4. Investments 5.3. Customs broker [email protected] - www.ccpb.org.py 2 5 5.4. -
Hunter-Gatherers' Self-Governance: Untying the Traditional Authority Of
The International Indigenous Policy Journal Manuscript 1237 Hunter-Gatherers’ Self-Governance: Untying the Traditional Authority of Chiefs from the Western Toba Civil Association. Marcela Mendoza Follow this and additional works at: http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/iipj Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons This Policy is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in The nI ternational Indigenous Policy Journal by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hunter-Gatherers’ Self-Governance: Untying the Traditional Authority of Chiefs from the Western Toba Civil Association. Abstract The nI tegral Law for Aborigines (426/84) was the first legal instrument in Argentina systematically addressing indigenous peoples’ rights. It was modeled on the Paraguayan Law for Indigenous Communities (901/81). Both granted collective property rights. I discuss Article 9 of Decree 574/85 in Law 426, requiring that former hunter-gatherer bands would form civil associations, like those in the non-profit es ctor. The policymakers later amended the clause on governance inserting the authority of chiefs along that of democratically elected delegates. I describe the Western Toba’s journey to obtaining collective land title by introducing characteristics of traditional leadership, discussing local antecedents leading to the law, comparing it to the Paraguayan law, and analyzing the process through which the Toba complied with legal requirements. Keywords hunter-gatherers, self-governance, Western Toba, Gran Chaco, Argentina, Paraguay, Law 426/84, Law 901/81 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.