2016 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System Report
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Design Study Report Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System Prepared for: Alexandra West & University of Alaska Anchorage 3211 Providence Dr. Anchorage, AK 99508 Prepared by: SeaWolf Engineering Civil Engineering Program University of Alaska Anchorage 3211 Providence Drive, ENGR 201 Anchorage, AK 99508 Nathan Harris, Brandi Opsahl, Jennifer Baker April 20, 2015 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System Table of Contents 1.1 Executive Summary………………...……………………………………………..4 2.1 Project Introduction………………………………………………………………5 3.1 Project Scope & Approach…………………………………………….............6 4.1 Hydraulic Analysis………………………………………………….…................7 5.1 Hydrokinetic Capacity……………………………………………………………8 6.1 Paddle Wheel Design……...……………………………………......................9 7.1 Power Generation……...……………………………………..........................11 8.1 Structural Chassis & Floatation…......…………………………………….12 9.1 Grinder Selection ………………………………………………………………...13 10.1 Transmission and Power Generator System………………………..14 11.1 Water Pumping System………………………………………………………..14 12.1 Fish Cleaning Station……………………………………………………………14 13.1 Waste Chute…………………………………………………………………………15 14.1 Recommended Electronic Controls……………………………………...16 15.1 Mooring & Anchoring System………………………………………………17 16.1 Propulsion System………………………………………………………………18 17.1 Safety…………………………………………………………………………………..19 18.1 Environmental Concerns …………………………………………..............20 19.1 Permitting…………………………………………………………………………...23 20.1 Cost Estimate ………………………………………………………....................30 21.1 Conclusions & Recommendations………………………………………..31 22.1 Appendix A – Project Team Chart………………………………………...33 23.1 Appendix B – Aerial Map…………………………………….………………..34 24.1 Appendix C – Bibliography…………………………………………………..35 25.1 Appendix E – Design Calculations………………………………………...36 26.1 Appendix F – Design Drawings ……………………………………………52 27.1 Appendix G – Equipment Specifications……………………………….63 28.1 Appendix H – Permits…………………………………………………………..74 April 20, 2015 1 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System List of Figures Figure 1. Project Location Figure 2. Project Layout Figure 3. Typical River Cross Section Figure 4. Semi-Cylindrical Paddle Dimensions Figure 5. Undershot Water Wheel Dimensions Figure 6. Structural Chassis Layout Figure 7. Cleaning Station Layout Figure 8. C-Channel Waste Chute Figure 9. Proposed Anchoring Method Figure 10. Dissolved Oxygen Sag Curve List of Tables Table 1. Kenai River Water Velocity Statistics Table 2. Cost Estimate List of Acronyms ADEC Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BNM Broadcast Notice to Mariners CE Categorical Exclusion CFS Cubic Feet per Second DO Dissolved Oxygen EA Environmental Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EPA Environmental Protection Agency FPS Feet per Second FT Feet FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact HDPE High Density Polyethylene April 20, 2015 2 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System HP Horsepower HPFWDS Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System IN Inches ISER Institute of Social and Economic Research KPB Kenai Peninsula Borough kW Kilowatt LED Light Emitting Diode LNM Local Notice to Mariners NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NP Nationwide Permit NOI Notice of Intent OREI Offshore Renewable Energy Installations OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration PATON Private Aids to Navigation PVC Polyvinyl Chloride LBS Pounds UHMW Ultra-high Molecular Weight USCG United States Coast Guard USFWS United States Fish & Wildlife Services USFS United States Forrest Service USGS United States Geological Survey UAA University of Alaska Anchorage SHRED-3 3-SHRED-Hopper-1800 Waste Shredder April 20, 2015 3 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System 1.1 Executive Summary The SeaWolf Engineering student team have worked throughout the semester to design a hydro powered fish waste disposal system that is to be placed in the Kenai/Russian River Confluence area in Cooper Landing, Alaska. As the popularity of the sport fishery has grown over time, improper disposal of fish fillet remains has led to an increasing number of human-bear interactions. Several methods of fish waste management have been implemented, but not widely accepted or used by all fishermen. The purpose of this project is to provide a safe, efficient and convenient method for proper fish waste disposal to be utilized by the fisherman of the Russian River and reduce bear-human interactions in the area. The Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System project is sponsored by the University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA), U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS). This capstone course allows students the opportunity to experience real projects in Anchorage while working closely with local professional engineers. The SeaWolf Engineering group simulates an engineering company with the class instructor, Dr. Osama Abaza, as the President and Steve Nuss, P.E. as the Vice President for Water/Waste Water Engineering. Alexandra West and University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA) played the role of the client for the project. The project manager, Nathan Harris, assured timely progress, efficient team communication and leadership. Additionally, the project manager oversaw the technical teams for Hydraulics and Hydrology, Structural and Mechanical Design, and Environmental. Each technical team leader was responsible for a set of tasks and completion deadlines. The Hydraulics and Hydrology team, consisting of Jennifer Baker and led by Brandi Opsahl, analyzed river and channel characteristics at the site location. With this data, both were able to design the water wheel to meet the power and dimensional requirements. The Environmental Team, also consisting of Opsahl and lead by Baker, investigated sediment transport and conducted biochemical oxygen demand and dissolved oxygen calculations. Additionally, Baker worked closely with USFS and USWFS to identify and initiate the process to obtain all required permits for the project. The Structural and Mechanical Design team was led by the project manager Nathan Harris and Jennifer Baker. Harris and Baker designed a floating structural frame and anchoring system for the device while maintaining safety and accessibility. Harris also designed the chute and fillet tables that feed the filleted fish remains to the grinding system that eventually discharges the waste into the river. Both the client and the technical teams collaborated to select the appropriate materials for the design that met strength, power and environmental requirements. April 20, 2015 4 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System 2.1 Project Introduction The project began with the patented idea first presented by Alexandra West in 2011. As a part of an Undergraduate Research Project for the UAA Honors College, West received the U.S. patent number 8,833,682 B2 for her idea of designing a fish waste grinding system that would float in the Kenai/River Confluence area while both providing a safe method for proper fish disposal and also returning nutrients to the ecosystem. West allowed the UAA engineering students to refine the current hydraulic design, create a structural frame and flotation system for the device and investigate the environmental impact. Pivotal missions of the Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System (HPFWDS) are to reduce bear-human interactions at the popular Russian River sport fishery and maintain the vital balance of nutrients to the watershed that fish waste provides. With the rising popularity of fishing, encounters between bears and facility users have continued to become more commonplace. According to USFWS, the key antagonizing factor driving these bear-human encounters is the build-up of improperly disposed fish waste along the river. Many efforts to mitigate the bear-human interactions have been made. Initially, hand grinders and fillet tables along the river were installed by USFWS to curtail the build- up of fish waste. These proved unsuccessful due to a perceived lack of convenience by fishermen. Next, a “pack-out” order was established to encourage anglers to pack the whole fish out of the fishery and fillet their catch at home. While this method may reduce bear encounters, it fails to return vital nutrients to the watershed provided by the fish waste. By removing fish waste completely from the river, the essential chemical processes are disturbed and may have a detrimental impact on the environment. The HPFWDS addresses both of these problems. Fish waste will be ground into an appropriate size and transported downstream thereby reducing fish waste buildup along the banks while maintaining the return of nutrients to the watershed. April 20, 2015 5 Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System Project Location The proposed project site is located in the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge between the State of Alaska-owned Sportsman’s Boat Launch and the privately owned Russian River Ferry. Figure 1. Project Location (USGS, 2015) 3.1 Project Scope and Approach The University of Alaska Anchorage and inventor Alexandra West propose to develop the Hydro Powered Fish Waste Disposal System prototype to be placed near the confluence of the Russian and Kenai Rivers. The scope of the project includes the following: • One pontoon-mounted, 7-foot wide, 15-foot diameter Poncelet undershot water wheel with a nominal production capacity of 10 kilowatts. • A floating pontoon dock system with a total footprint of 24-feet (long) by 13- feet (wide). • A mechanical grinder able to produce ½-inch in any direction fish waste “particles”. • A craft-to-shore mooring