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Naturalis Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional De La Plata Facultad De Ciencias Naturales Y Museo Naturalis Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de La Plata http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Los Cingulata [Mammalia, Xenarthra] del Mioceno Temprano y Medio de Patagonia [Edades Santacrucense y Friasense] : Revisión sistemática y consideraciones bioestratigráficas] González, Laureano Raúl Doctor en Ciencias Naturales Dirección: Tejedor, Marcelo Fabián Co-dirección: Scillato, Gustavo Juan Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo 2010 Acceso en: http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/id/20120126001045 Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) LOS CINGULATA (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA) DEL MIOCENO TEMPRANO Y MEDIO DE PATAGONIA (EDADES SANTACRUCENSE Y “FRIASENSE”) REVISION SITEMÁTICA Y CONSIDERACIONES BIOESTRATIGRÁFICAS Autor Lic. LAUREANO RAÚL GONZÁLEZ Director Dr. Marcelo Fabián Tejedor Co-Director Dr. Gustavo Juan Scillato Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata (La Plata, Argentina) Tesis Doctoral Año 2010 DEDICATORIA Y AGRADECIMIENTOS Debo agradecer enormemente la ayuda brindada a Marcelo Tejedor y Gustavo Scillato-Yané, directores y amigos personales, cuyas observaciones y consejos han sido y son de gran importancia para mi desarrollo personal y profesional. Tengo que agradecer profundamente a Alfredo “Fredy” Carlini, pues fue él, la primera persona que desinteresadamente me aconsejó y me abrió las puertas de su laboratorio. A Gabriel “Gabo” Martin, quién me ha ofrecido su tiempo, para explicarme aspectos básicos de la investigación científica y su amistad. A Arturo Taboada, Oscar Martínez y Susana Rizzuto, compañeros del laboratorio en Esquel, quienes están siempre para dar una mano. A Alejandro Kramarz, Martín Ciancio, María Encarnación Pérez, Cecilia Krmpotic y Diego Brandoni, por permanentes charlas acerca de nuestros temas de estudio y por haberme facilitado imágenes y bibliografía. Igualmente mi agradecimiento a Alejandra Abello, Diego Brandoni, Alfredo Zurita, Cecilia Krmpotic, Sergio Vizcaíno, Esteban Soibelzon, Maria E. Pérez y Adán Tauber, por haberme brindado sus respectivas tesis doctorales inéditas. A las chicas de Trelew, Amalia y Pati, por ser buenas amigas y colegas patagónicas. A las chicas del MACN, Laurita Cruz, “L” Chorno y Micho Arnal por la buena onda durante mis almuerzos en el museo. A Claudia Tambussi, por su buena predisposición y sus cartas de referencia. A Néstor, por su habilidad en la fotocopiadora y a las bibliotecarias del Museo de La Plata. A los encargados de colecciones, Adan Tauber, Marcelo Reguero, Lucas Pomi, Juan Fernicola, Judy Galkin, Alejandro Kramarz, Walter Joyce y Eduardo Ruiz Gómez, por tenerme paciencia en esas interminables búsquedas de especímenes. II A Alfred Rosenberger por ser un buen referencista y a John Flynn, por avalar mi visita al American Museum of Natural History. Varias novedades bioestratigráficas son resultado de las campañas paleontológicas emprendidas conjuntamente por la Duke University y el Museo de La Plata; dichos especímenes fueron desinteresadamente cedidos para su estudio al autor de la Tesis, por Alfredo Carlini y Guiomar Vucetich, a ambos un agradecimiento. Al CONICET por las becas que me permitieron realizar esta Tesis Doctoral. A las instituciones norteamericanas, American Museum of Natural History y Harvard University por las becas Collection Study Grant y Ernst Mayr Travel Grant in Aninal Systematics, que me permitieron viajar al exterior para revisar especímenes. A Agustín Abba, por haberme brindado valiosa información acerca de armadillos actuales. A Álvaro Mones, por su importante ayuda en cuestiones taxonómicas. A Juan Bostelman por algunos datos acerca de materiales depositados en el Museo de Historia Natural de Chile. A Walter Joyce por abrirme las puertas de su casa durante mi estadía en New Haven. A los Jurados, Dr. Alejandro Kramarz, Dr. Sergio Vizcaíno y Dr. Alfredo Zurita, quienes contribuyeron de manera significativa a mejorar esta Tesis Doctoral. Al Darío “Pacha” Carosso, Joaquín “Tordo” Contreras, Pablo “Pablito” Demetrio, Pablo “Pali” Lacha y Manuel “Rapo” Raposeiras, amigos de la vida que siempre me alentaron. Por último, en estos últimos cinco años, tres personas, sin quererlo, me ayudaron a madurar como persona: con Gustavo Scillato entendí lo que es ser una persona humilde; conocer a Adán Tauber me hizo comprender el significado de la palabra vocación; y por último, ver a Martín “Tincho” Zamorano ir a trabajar al Museo, me ayudo a saber lo que es III tener voluntad y fuerza para no bajar los brazos en ninguna circunstancia, por más adversa que parezca. Para terminar, a mi familia que siempre estuvo, está y estará a mi lado. IV ÍNDICE Dedicatoria y agradecimientos………………………………………………………………………….II Resumen……………………………………………………………………………………………...VIII Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………….XII CAPÍTULO 1. INTRODUCCIÓN……………………………………………………………………1 1.1 Ubicación sistemática del Orden Cingulata: Superorden Xenartrha……………………..................1 1.2 Biocrones de las familias del Orden Cingulata………………………………………..…….............2 1.3 Esquema cronoestratigráfico y bioestratigráfico general del Cenozoico sudamericano……………3 1.4 Los Cingulata como herramienta de correlación bioestratigráfica………………………………….5 1.5 Delimitación del tema de estudio……………………………………………………………………7 1.6 Antecedentes sistemáticos de los Cingulata de las edades Santacrucense y “Friasense”…………...9 1.7 Antecedentes del uso de cingulados como herramientas de correlación bioestratigráfica para las edades Santacrucense y “Friasense”……………………………………………………………...13 1.8 Objetivos…………………………………………………………………………………………...16 1.9 Hipótesis…………………………………………………………………………………………...17 CAPÍTULO 2. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS……………………………………………………..18 2.1 Abreviaturas y terminología……………………………………………………………………….18 2.2 Especies incluidas en el estudio……………………………………………………………………19 2.3 Especies nominadas y/o citadas para las edades Santacrucense y “Friasense”…………………....20 2.4 Macrosistemática……………………………………………………..……………………………21 2.5 Regiones de la coraza y nomenclatura de osteodermos……………………………………………22 2.6 Nomenclatura cráneo-mandibular………………………………………………………………….23 2.7 Postcráneo………………………………………………………………………………….............23 2.8 Nomenclatura taxonómica formal…………………………………………………………............24 2.9 Nomenclatura taxonómica abierta…………………………………………………………………25 2.10 Caracterizaciones, diagnosis, comentarios y descripciones.……………………………….……..26 2.11 Listados sinonímicos…………………………………………………………………………..….28 2.12 Materiales sin identificación específica o genérica (sp. indet y gen. et sp. indet.)……….............28 2.13 Obtención de las medidas y medidas utilizadas…………………………………………………..29 2.14 Bioestratigrafía……………………………………………………………………………………34 2.15 Fauna…………………………………………………………………………………………...…35 CAPÍTULO 3. SISTEMÁTICA……………………………………………………………………..36 3.1 Historia de los especímenes sobre los cuales Ameghino realizó sus trabajos de 1887 y 1889……………………………………………………………………………………………….37 3.2 Revisión Sistemática……………………………………………………………………….............42 V 3.2.1 Familia Peltephilidae…………………………………………………………………………….42 3.2.1.1 Peltephilus…………………………………………………………..........................................42 3.2.1.2 Epipeltephilus………………………………………………………………………………….58 3.2.1.3 Peltephilidae sp. nov.?................................................................................................................60 3.2.1.4 Peltephilidae gen. et sp. indet………………………………………………………………….61 3.2.1.5 Peltephilidae nomen dubium…………………………………………………………………...62 3.2.1.6 Peltephilidae nomen vanum……………………………………………………………………69 3.2.2 Familia Dasypodidae…………………………………………………………………………….72 3.2.2.1 Tribu Stegotheriini……………………………………………………………………………..72 3.2.2.1.1 Stegotherium ………………………………………………………………………………...72 3.2.2.1.2 Stegotheriini gen. et sp. indet………………………………………………………………..87 3.2.2.2 Tribu Eutatini…………………………………………………………………………………..88 3.2.2.2.1 Stenotatus ……………………………………………………................................................88 3.2.2.2.2 Proeutatus……………………………………………………………………………..……101 3.2.2.2.3 Paraeutatus…………………………………………………………………………………125 3.2.2.2.4 Eutatini gen. et sp. indet…………………………………………………………………….128 3.2.2.3 Tribu Euphractini……………………………………………………………………………..129 3.2.2.3.1 Prozaedyus… ……………………………………………………………………………....129 3.2.2.3.2 Vetelia………………………………………………………………………………………143 3.2.2.3.3 Euphractini gen. et sp. indet…………………………………………………………...……149 3.2.2.4 Dasypodidae nomen dubium………………………………………………………………….149 3.2.2.5 Dasypodidae nomen vanum…………………………………………………………………..160 3.2.3 Familia Glyptodontidae………………………………………………………………………...165 3.2.3.1 Subfamilia Propalaehoplophorinae……………...……………………………………………165 3.2.3.1.1 Propalaehoplophorus…………………………………………………………………...….165 3.2.3.1.2 Cochlops……………………………………………………………………………………191 3.2.3.1.3 Eucinepeltus………………………………………………………………………………...200 3.2.3.1.4 Propalaehoplophorinae gen.et sp. indet…………………………………………………….210 3.2.3.1.5 Especies válidas de Propalaehoplophorinae cuya identidad genérica es dudosa….………..213 3.2.3.1.6 Propalaehoplophorinae nomen dubium……………………………………………………..218 3.2.3.1.7 Propalaehoplophorinae nomen vanum………………………..…………………………….233 3.2.3.2 Glyptodontidae incertae sedis………………………………………………………………...236 3.2.3.2.1 Glyptodontidae gen. et sp. nov. …………………………………………………………....236 3.2.3.2.2 Eonaucum……………………………………………………………………….………….240 3.2.3.3 Subfamilia Hoplophorinae……………………………………………………………………245 3.2.3.3.1 Tribu Palaehoplophorini……………………………………………………………………245 3.2.3.3.1.1 Palaehoplophorus………………………………………………………………………...245
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