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Guiding Thought of Revolution: the Heart of Maoism

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Guiding Thought of Revolution: the Heart of Maoism GUIDING THOUGHT OF REVOLUTION: THE HEART OF MAOISM This document – project has been promoted by the following organization and parties: Organization of the Workers of Afghanistan (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist, principally Maoist) Communist Party Marxist Leninist Maoist ! Bangla#esh Communist Party Marxist Leninist Maoist ! France This #ocument has &een supporte# &y the Marxist Leninist Maoist Center of Belgium' Spring 2013 “Revolutions give rise to a thought that guides them, which is the result of the application of the universal truth of the ideology of the international proletariat to the concrete conditions of each revolution; a guiding thought indispensable to reach victory and to conquer political power and, moreover, to continue the revolution and to maintain the course always towards the only, great goal: Communism.” Communist Party of Peru, On Gonzalo thought. The present document is a project The “thought” of the individuals And: to introduce to the concept of here concerned is the reflection of “All-sided, universal elasticity of “guiding thought” through the movement of eternal matter; concepts, an elasticity reaching to questions and answers on those individuals are not “genius” the identity of opposites, that is individuals which have played a with great “ideas”, but people ! the essence. great role in their own country, understanding reality in the precisely in formulating a dialectical materialist way and This flexibility, applied subjectively “thought”. accepting it as it is. = eclecticism and sophistry. This project is called to progress It is useful here to quote Lenin. Is this elasticity objectively applied, and to win in completeness, in the When studying Hegel, Lenin notes i.e. reflecting the all-sidedness of quality of the explanations, but the following things: the material process and its unity, also in the quantity of individuals then it is dialectics, the correct “Dialectics is the teaching which whose life is here shortly reflection of the eternal shows how Opposites can be and presented. development of the world.” how they happen to be (how they Indeed, in each country, class become) identical, under what In this sense, we hope this struggle generates individuals who ! conditions they are identical, document will help to forge guiding proceed to the analysis of their becoming transformed into one thought in each country, guiding own social and national reality, another, why the human mind thoughts which are the reflect of understanding the contradictions ! the eternal movement of matter, they live in, paving the way for should grasp these opposites not advancing to communism. progress through revolution, i.e. as dead, rigid, but as living, New Democratic Revolution or conditional, mobile, becoming Socialist Revolution. transformed into one another.” Guiding thought of revolution: the heart of Maoism 1. The context How and in which context did comrade Akram Yari Guiding Thought evolve? The revisionist ideologically, was filled with petit- Youth Organization) established the PDPA (People’s bourgeois minded intellectuals who first anti-revisionist organization in Democratic Party were tailing a social-imperialist Afghanistan. of Afghanistan) ideological model. PYO was a Maoist organization, in which was a pro- In such a context, a “No!” was upheld! indeed Akram Yari Thought was the Khruchievite party, This came from a young revolutionary, theoretical expression of this in mid-1960s, was who neither reconciled with revisionism organization in context of national and to bring about a even a moment, nor neglected fighting international struggle against betrayal to democratic revolution of it. revisionism, a struggle which gave birth Afghanistan. This was comrade Akram Yari, who by to the first Maoist organization in Indeed, the rank-and-file of this party, the formation of PYO (Progressive Afghanistan. How and in which context did comrade Ibrahim Kaypakkaya Guiding Thought evolve? The Communist Born in 1949, Ibrahim Kaypakkya's its origin: the kemalist “revolution”, a Party of Turkey produced a thought which merged as counter-revolution that was considered was found by the most developed part of a whole by opportunism as “bourgeois” or even Mustafa Suphi revolutionary wave produced by the “democratic and betrayed”. (1883-1921), but masses (others famous figures which Ibrahim Kaypakkaya studied the collapsed soon promoted armed struggle were the nature of Turkey, its history since its because of guevarist Mahir Cayan and the founding by Mustafa Kemal, affirming kemalism, the nationalist ideology of hoxhaist Deniz Gezmiş). its semi-colonial semi-feudal nature the bureaucratic bourgeoisie taking The main question was to understand and the necessity to follow the path of power on the ruins of the Ottoman the nature of the Turkish regime, and the New Democratic Revolution. Empire. How and in which context did comrade Siraj Sikder Guiding Thought evolve? After the Russian respectively gave birth to India and rose in rebellion against Pakistani revolution, the Pakistan named two semi colonial colonial rule from language movement Communist party semi feudal states by making of 1952 and mass movement of 1969 was formed in communal class contradiction up to national liberation war of 1971. India, but this party antagonistic. The East Pakistan Communist party did not lead the As majority mass peasants of East failed to lead people’s struggle in peasants to armed Bengal as Muslim was object of correct line. struggle against communal exploitation and With the emergence of Khruschevyte British colonialism and its feudalist suppression by the Hindu Jamindars, revisionism internationally, that party basis, and denied to lead their armed and as the problem was not solved became a revisionist party. struggles. through revolution, Muslim peasantry As Chairman Mao led international Moreover, during Second world war, it of East Bengal voted in favor of struggle against that revisionism, that tried to push Indian people to the unity Pakistan. party got divided into two trends – Pro with British in the name of line of an Since after the creation of Pakistan, Moscow and Pro Peking faction. The anti fascist united front, and as a result, backward East Bengal became a Pro Peking faction could not free itself Congress and Muslim League that are colony of the comparatively advance from revisionism. Comrade Siraj Sikder representative of Hindu and Muslim West Pakistan. People of East Bengal broke that chain of revisionism. bourgeoisie and feudal of India How and in which context did comrade Gonzalo Guiding Thought evolve? With José Carlos Communist Party, but after his death background was marked by the Mariategui (1894 revisionism prevailed, with a line of influence of revisionism. -1930), Peru “national unity” and then the one of There was the need for a correct produced a great modern revisionism. understanding of José Carlos leader who was The context was one of raising of the Mariategui's works about Peru, for a able to build a real mass struggles, but the ideological correct understanding of Peru as a 2 Guiding thought of revolution: the heart of Maoism semi-colonial semi-feudal country. there have been three stages. With the beginning of the people's war In the well known interview Gonzalo The first stage laid the basis for the in I980, we entered the third stage, of gave in 1988, he explained in this way development of bureaucrat capitalism; the general crisis of bureaucrat the general context of Peru: the second stage, which deepened the capitalism. “We have an understanding of the development of bureaucrat capitalism, The destruction of contemporary workings of contemporary Peruvian began after World War II, because the Peruvian society has begun because it society, by which we mean the society first stage lasted until then. has become historically outmoded. which came into being in I895. This deeper development of Therefore what we are witnessing is its We believe that the process we are bureaucrat capitalism ripened the end and the only correct course is to living through began then and that conditions for revolution. battle, to fight, and to struggle to bury it.” How and in which context did comrade Alfred Klahr Guiding Thought evolve? Alfred Klahr was a middle of the 1930's, he led the This permitted to understand the eminent Party Austrian section of the Lenin school in situation in a country where the clerical activist from the Moscow, from 1935 to 1937. Austro-fascists were in conflict with the communist move- During this period, he developped a Pan-German national-socialists, each ment in Austria. very deep analysis of the Austrian being expression of different social Because he was society, how its nation emerged from classes. particularly under the German part of Europe to take police attack in the another direction, oriented to the East. 2. Constitution and reconstitution Did comrade Akram Yari form a new party or join a preexisting party? In many countries, anti-revisionism But, in Afghanistan, anti-revisionism Akram Yari was not member of any was carried out by splitting from was not carried out by splitting from a organization. PYO was the initial steps Communist parties whom fell into former party. of chairman Akram Yari, and also his revisionism. Before formation of PYO, comrade greatest initiative. Did comrade Ibrahim Kaypakkaya form a new party or join a preexisting party? Ibrahim Kaypakkaya was only 21 review of the TIIKP, which officially was the TIIKP, producing his thought. when he joined the TIIKP promoting Mao Zedong's interpretation Then, in April 1972, he broke with the (Revolutionary Workers and Peasants of Marxism-Leninism. TIIKP, to form the Communist Party of Party of Turkey). Supporting the Great Cultural Turkey / Marxist-Leninist, the TKP/ML. He learnt from the great strike of mid- Proletarian Revolution in China, he june 1970 and began to work in the organized a revolutionary fraction in Did comrade Siraj Sikder form a new party or join a preexisting party? Siraj Sikder formed a new party as the society of East Bengal as colonial-semi preparation of a proletarian party, existing communist party fell in feudal, led the proletariat to form its formed East Bengal Workers revisionism.
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