Working for Development? Arcelormittal’S Mining Operations in Liberia
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Irregular Warfare and Liberia's First Civil
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AND AREA STUDIES 57 Volume 11, Number 1, 2004, pp.57-77 Irregular Warfare and Liberia’s First Civil War George Klay Kieh, Jr. The article examines the causes of the irregular war in Liberia from 1989-1997, the forces and dynamics that shaped the war, the impact of the war on state collapse and the prospects for conflict resolution and peace-building. The findings show that the war was caused by a confluence of factors. Several warlordist militias were the belligerents in the war. The war and its associated violence precipitated the actual collapse of the Liberian State. Finally, the success of the peace-building project would be dependent upon addressing the causes that occasioned the irregular war. Keywords: Regular warfare, irregular warfare, state collapse, conflict resolution, peace-building, Liberia 1. INTRODUCTION Irregular warfare and its consequent precipitous impact on state collapse has been an enduring feature of human affairs. Even long before the inception of the Westphalian state system in the mid-seventeenth century, various state formations in Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe emerged, and then collapsed. The precipitants ranged from internal imperatives triggered by issues such as the distribution of societal resources and territory, to the external imperialist impulse. In the case of Africa, during the pre-colonial era, several polities emerged, and then collapsed as a consequence of myriad internal and external factors. During the first two decades of the post-colonial era, irregular warfare in African states was minimized by the regulatory dynamics of the “Cold War.” However, since the end of the “Cold War,” the incidence of irregular warfare, especially its capacity to precipitate state collapse, has accelerated. -
Nimba's Profile
Nimba’s Profile The Flag of Nimba County: - (Valor, Purity and Fidelity reflected in the stripes) Nimba was part of the central province of Liberia which included Bong and Lofa. It became a full-fledged county in 1964 when President William V.S. Tubman changed the provinces into counties. Nimba became one of the original nine counties of Liberia. Over the years, other sub-divisions have been added making the total of 15 counties. Nimba is located in the North-East Region of the country. The size of Nimba is 4,650 square miles. In his book, Liberia Facing Mount Nimba, Dr. Nya Kwiawon Taryor, Sr. revealed that the name of the county "Nimba", originated from "Nenbaa ton" which means slippery mountain where beautiful young girls slip and fall. Mount Nimba is the highest mountain in Liberia. Nimba is the second largest county in Liberia in terms of population. Before the civil war in 1989, there were over 313,050 people in the county according to the 1984 census. Now Nimba Population has increased to 462,026. Nimba is also one of the richest in Liberia. It has the largest deposit of high grade iron ore. Other natural resources found in Nimba are gold, diamonds, timber, etc. In the late 50's, Nimba's huge iron ore reserve was exploited by LAMCO-the Liberian-American Swedish Mining Company. A considerable portion of Liberia's Gross Domestic Product, GDP, was said to have been generated from revenues from Nimba's iron ore for several years. The Flag of Nimba County: - (Valor, Purity and Fidelity reflected in the stripes) There are negotiations going on for a new contract for the iron ore in Nimba. -
S/2009/299 Security Council
United Nations S/2009/299 Security Council Distr.: General 10 June 2009 Original: English Special report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Mission in Liberia I. Introduction 1. By its resolution 1836 (2008), the Security Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) until 30 September 2009, and requested me to report on progress made towards achieving the core benchmarks set out in my reports of 8 August 2007 (S/2007/479) and 19 March 2008 (S/2008/183) and, based on that progress, make recommendations on any further adjustments to the military and police components of UNMIL. My report of 10 February 2009 (S/2009/86) provided preliminary recommendations regarding the third stage of the Mission’s drawdown and indicated that precise proposals would be submitted to the Council based on the findings of a technical assessment mission. The present report outlines the findings of that assessment mission and my recommendations for the third stage of the UNMIL drawdown. II. Technical assessment mission 2. The technical assessment mission, which was led by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and comprised participants from the Department of Field Support, the Department of Political Affairs, the Department of Safety and Security and, in situ, UNMIL and the United Nations country team, visited Liberia from 26 April to 6 May. The mission received detailed briefings from UNMIL and the United Nations country team and consulted a broad cross-section of Liberian and international stakeholders, including -
Liberia Electricity Corporation (Lec) and Rural and Rrenewable Energy Agency (Rrea)
Public Disclosure Authorized LIBERIA ELECTRICITY CORPORATION (LEC) AND RURAL AND RRENEWABLE ENERGY AGENCY (RREA) Public Disclosure Authorized Liberia Electricity Sector Strengthening and Access Project (LESSAP) Resettlement Policy Framework Public Disclosure Authorized Draft Report November 2020 SQAT: January 12, 2021 Public Disclosure Authorized Contents LIST OF ACRONYMS ................................................................................................ 1 1 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................... 2 1.1 Project Description ......................................................................................... 3 1.2 Objective and Rationale of the Resettlement Policy Framework .................. 7 1.3 Project Locations, Beneficiaries and Project Affected People ...................... 8 1.4 Institutional Capacity ................................................................................... 10 1.5 Baseline Information Required for Projects ................................................. 10 1.5.1 Overview ........................................................................................................ 10 1.5.2 Montserrado County ...................................................................................... 12 1.5.3 Grand Bassa County ...................................................................................... 12 1.5.4 Margibi County .............................................................................................. 13 1.5.5 -
2008 National Population and Housing Census: Preliminary Results
GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA 2008 NATIONAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS LIBERIA INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS AND GEO-INFORMATION SERVICES (LISGIS) MONROVIA, LIBERIA JUNE 2008 FOREWORD Post-war socio-economic planning and development of our nation is a pressing concern to my Government and its development partners. Such an onerous undertaking cannot be actualised with scanty, outdated and deficient databases. Realising this limitation, and in accordance with Article 39 of the 1986 Constitution of the Republic of Liberia, I approved, on May 31, 2007, “An Act Authorizing the Executive Branch of Government to Conduct the National Census of the Republic of Liberia”. The country currently finds itself at the crossroads of a major rehabilitation and reconstruction. Virtually every aspect of life has become an emergency and in resource allocation, crucial decisions have to be taken in a carefully planned and sequenced manner. The publication of the Preliminary Results of the 2008 National Population and Housing Census and its associated National Sampling Frame (NSF) are a key milestone in our quest towards rebuilding this country. Development planning, using the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS), decentralisation and other government initiatives, will now proceed into charted waters and Government’s scarce resources can be better targeted and utilized to produce expected dividends in priority sectors based on informed judgment. We note that the statistics are not final and that the Final Report of the 2008 Population and Housing Census will require quite sometime to be compiled. In the interim, I recommend that these provisional statistics be used in all development planning for and in the Republic of Liberia. -
Environmental & Social Impact Assessment
Environmental & Social Impact Assessment Woodchip Biomass Production Buchanan Renewables Fuel Prepared By: EARTHTIME INC. October, 2009 Environmental & Social Impact Assessment Buchanan Renewables Fuel Table of Contents 2010 EARTHTIME INC. BUCHANAN RENEWABLES FUEL INC. Document Type: ESIA BR FUEL Contract Ref: SQ 100908-01 250 Excluding BR FUEL ESIA No. of Pages: Appendices Environmental & Social Impact Assessment Version Final Report Approved by Wassim Hamdan Project Manager October 07, 2010 Reviewed by Issam Bou Jaoude Peer Reviewer October 06, 2010 Prepared by Dia Karanouh Forestry Management October 06, 2010 Environmental & Social Rena Karanouh September 28, 2010 Consultant Yasmin El Helwe Environmental September 28, 2010 Consultant Cornelius Wright Technical Assistant September 28, 2010 DISCLAIMER This report has been prepared by EARTHTIME INC. , with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client. The information contained in this report is, to the best of our knowledge, correct at the time of printing. The interpretations and recommendations are based on our experience, using reasonable professional skill and judgment, and based upon the information that was available to us. This report is confidential to the client and we accept no responsibility whatsoever to third parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is made known. Any such party relies on the report at their own risk. EARTHTIME INC. LiberCell Building, Randall & Benson Streets, P.O. Box 1584 1000 Monrovia 10, Liberia Tel: +231-4-777557 Email: [email protected] www.earthtimegroup.com Prepared by Earthtime ii Environmental & Social Impact Assessment Buchanan Renewables Fuel Table of Contents 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................................................................... -
There Are Two Systems of Surveillance Operating in Burundi at Present
LIVELIHOOD ZONING ACTIVITY IN LIBERIA - UPDATE A SPECIAL REPORT BY THE FAMINE EARLY WARNING SYSTEM NETWORK (FEWS NET) May 2017 1 LIVELIHOOD ZONING ACTIVITY IN LIBERIA - UPDATE A SPECIAL REPORT BY THE FAMINE EARLY WARNING SYSTEM NETWORK (FEWS NET) April 2017 This publication was prepared by Stephen Browne and Amadou Diop for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), in collaboration with the Liberian Ministry of Agriculture, USAID Liberia, WFP, and FAO. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Page 2 of 60 Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................... 4 Acronyms and Abbreviations ......................................................................................................... 5 Background and Introduction......................................................................................................... 6 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 8 National Livelihood Zone Map .......................................................................................................12 National Seasonal Calendar ..........................................................................................................13 Timeline of Shocks and Hazards ....................................................................................................14 -
UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Previously Published Works
UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Previously Published Works Title HAS LIBERIA TURNED A CORNER? Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4394423f Journal JOURNAL OF DEMOCRACY, 29(3) ISSN 1045-5736 Authors Spatz, Benjamin J Thaler, Kai M Publication Date 2018-07-01 DOI 10.1353/jod.2018.0052 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 4.0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Has Liberia Turned a Corner? Benjamin J. Spatz, Kai M. Thaler Journal of Democracy, Volume 29, Number 3, July 2018, pp. 156-170 (Article) Published by Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2018.0052 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/698925 No institutional affiliation (16 Jul 2018 18:21 GMT) HAS LIBERIA TURNED A CORNER? Benjamin J. Spatz and Kai M. Thaler Benjamin J. Spatz is a doctoral candidate at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University and a Jennings Randolph Peace Scholar at the U.S. Institute of Peace. He has worked on Liberia since 2005, including serving on the UN Panel of Experts on Liberia during 2012–15. Kai M. Thaler is assistant professor of global studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara. The January 2018 inauguration of Liberia’s newly elected president George Weah marked the small West African country’s first transfer of power between democratically elected leaders since its founding 171 years earlier. After an electoral process marred by charges of irregularities and court-ordered delays, Weah’s clear runoff victory was followed rapidly by the concession of his opponent, Unity Party (UP) candidate and incum- bent vice-president Joseph Boakai. -
Electoral District No. 1 2011 Nimba County Guinea
Legend Nimba County " Voter Registration Center Guinea Electoral District No. 1 County Boundary 2011 Electoral District Boundary Voter Registration Centers Administrative District Boundary 33078 VRC Amalgamated Area Boundary " Name Total 33077 Code " 33081 33073 " 33032 Pledehyee Public School " 329 33072 " Whipa Two " 33079 33069 Gbloyee United Methodist Sch. 33069 " " 33080 2 ,193 33071 " 33075 33071 Small Ganta Palava Hut 936 ³ Gbuyee Two " " 33074 33072 J.W. Pearlson School 1 ,966 33073 YMCA High School 2 ,078 33076 BONG " 33074 Yini High School 1 ,641 Dingamon One 33075 Messiah Christian Academy 2 ,384 33076 Geolando Public School 3 ,004 33077 Vision International School 1 ,585 Foundation Academic Day 33078 Care & Elem School 1 ,583 Nengben Four 33132 33079 Gbartu Quarter Palava Hut 2 ,926 " 33080 Liberty Christian Institute 1 ,665 Garr-Bain 33081 Ganta Rehab Palava Hut 714 33132 George Dumber School 1 ,144 33188 " Tonglaywin One 33188 Yelekoryee Public School 270 33032 " Total Registrants (After Exhibition): 24,418 Dormah Three ED 1 Yelekoryee Five Voter registration centers have been Kpein assigned to electoral districts. Therefore, Meinpea-Mahn Leewehpea-Mahn a person is assigned to the same Whenten electoral district of the center where he or she registered. NOTE: Administrative unit boundaries shown here do not represent official endorsement by the National Elections Commission or the Government of Liberia. The final roll of registrants (after the The process for the accurate demarcation and Exhibition Exercise) is displayed. The mapping of administrative units is currently on-going. Upon completion of this process, the Government of TunuKpuyee provisional roll was utilized during the Liberia shall release the official boundaries for the delineation exercise. -
Republic of Liberia 2017 Annual Integrated Disease
REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA 2017 ANNUAL INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE AND RESPONSE (IDSR) Preventing and Controlling BULLETIN Public Health Threats JANUARY – DECEMBER 2017 39 3 Disease Humanitarian Outbreaks Events Division of Infectious Disease and Epidemiology National Public Health Institute of Liberia Table of Contents EDITORIAL……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2 I. OVERVIEW OF IDSR IN LIBERIA………………………………………………………………………………………………... 3 II. IDSR PERFORMANCE…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 A. Reporting Coverage…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….3 B. Selected IDSR Performance Indicators…………………………………………………………………………………………6 C. National IDSR Supervision………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7 D. IDSR Immediately Reportable Diseases/Events………………………………………………………………………………9 E. IDSR Monthly Reportable Diseases/Conditions………………………………………………………………………………10 III. OUTBREAKS AND HUMANITARIAN EVENTS………………………………………………………………………………… 11 A. Introduction……………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………………11 B. Measles……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12 C. Lassa fever…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..14 D. Human Monkeypox……………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..17 E. Meningococcal Disease…………………………………………………………………………………………………………...21 F. Floods/Mudslides…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...22 G. Chemical Spills………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………23 IV. DISEASES/CONDITIONS OF PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE…………………………………………………………….. 24 V. PUBLIC HEALTH DIAGNOSTICS……………………………………………………………………………………………….. -
Advancing Freedom of Information in Seven Liberian Counties
Freedom of Freedom of Information in Information in Action: Action: Advancing Freedom Advancing Freedom of Information in of Information in Seven Liberian Seven Liberian Counties Counties “...access to information is indispensable to genuine democracy and good governance and… no limitation shall be placed on the public right to be informed about the government and its functionaries.” Preamble, 2010 Liberian Freedom of Information Act This guide is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The contents are the responsibility of The Carter Center and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States government. Photo Credits Pewee Flomoku: cover, pages 4,7,9 Deb Hakes: page 16 Catherine Schutz: page 12 Alphonsus Zeon: county coordinator photos on pages 7-9, 13-16 The Carter Center: pages 2, 9, 10, 11, 15 “...access to information is indispensable to genuine democracy and good governance and… no limitation shall be placed on the public right to be informed about the government and its functionaries.” Preamble, 2010 Liberian Freedom of Information Act Table of Contents Introduction 5 Grand Gedeh County: Poor Communities Benefit from County Development Funds 7 River Gee County: Freedom of Information Provides Avenues for Understanding 8 Bong County: FOI Compels Provision of Information on Development Projects 9 Meet George Toddy 10 New Bridges for the Community 11 Lofa County: Freedom of Information Enables Meaningful Participation and Action 13 Grand Bassa: Demand Leads to Automatic Publication of County Expenditures 14 Rural Montserrado County: FOI Request Accelerates Hospital Construction 15 Nimba County: FOI Request Exposes Illegal School Fee Collection 16 Introduction Liberia’s Freedom of Information Act, signed into law on September 16, 2010, provides all persons the right of access to public information. -
Bomi County Development Agenda 2008
Bomi County Development Agenda Republic of Liberia 2008 – 2012 Bomi County Development Agenda VISION STATEMENT The people of Bomi envisage a County with good governance and rule of law, reconciliation, peace and stability, advancement in social, economic, political, cultural and human development, active participation of youth and women, rapid industrialization, provision of electricity, increased job opportunities and improvement of the standard of living of all citizens and residents. Republic of Liberia Prepared by the County Development Committee, in collaboration with the Ministries of Planning and Economic Affairs and Internal Affairs. Supported by the UN County Support Team project, funded by the Swedish Government and UNDP. Table of Contents A MESSAGE FROM THE MINISTER OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS........! iii FOREWORD..........................................................................! iv PREFACE!!............................................................................. vi BOMI COUNTY OFFICIALS....................................................! vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..........................................................! ix PART 1 - INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND 1.1.!Introduction................................................................................................! 1 1.2 !History........................................................................................................! 1 1.3.!Geography..................................................................................................! 1 1.4.!Demography...............................................................................................!