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Annual Report 2020
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries 2020 Annual Report 2020 Annual Report Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Public Relations and Information Department Helferstorferstrasse 17 1010 Vienna, Austria Telephone: +43 1 211 12-0 Fax: +43 1 216 43 20 www.opec.org Chairman of the Editorial Board Mohammad Sanusi Barkindo, Secretary General Editor-in-Chief Head, PR and Information Department Hasan Hafidh Editors Maureen MacNeill Scott Laury Design Carola Bayer Production Andrea Birnbach Photographs Herwig Steiner Wolfgang Hammer Cover and illustrations: Shutterstock Copyright 2021 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries ISSN 0474-6317 Printed in Austria by Wograndl Druck GmbH Table of Contents 1 Foreword 4 The world economy 4 14 Oil market developments 36 OPEC turns 60 14 46 COVID-19 turns oil market on its head in 2020 52 Activities of the Secretariat 36 86 Heads of Delegation 88 Board of Governors 90 Economic Commission Board 46 92 Officials of the Secretariat 94 Secretary General’s diary 100 Calendar 94 100 Annual Report 2020 Foreword Mohammad Sanusi Barkindo OPEC Secretary General Foreword The year 2020 was like no other in living history. Not since the ‘Spanish Flu’ 100 years ago has a pandemic struck our planet. COVID-19 is most certainly the distinguishing feature of the year, for both the oil market and mankind. At the World Economic Forum Meeting in Davos on 21–24 January, the feeling was overwhelmingly positive among leaders and commentators, and the outlook for the global economy in 2020 bright. This feeling and any belief that the spread of COVID-19 would be limited was shattered in Feb- ruary, as the virus started to appear worldwide and hot spots like IR Iran and Italy came into focus. -
The Critical Importance of Expert Statistical Input
Sent to the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet 18 August 2020 A proposal to enhance Australia’s capability to manage epidemics The critical importance of expert statistical input 1 2 Nicholas Fisher and Dennis Trewin Executive summary Given the high level of global mobility, pandemics are likely to be more frequent, and with potentially devastating consequences for the Australian community and its way of life. Whilst parts of Australia are experiencing a second wave of COVID-19, the country is in relatively better shape than most others. The number of people who have died or been seriously ill as a consequence of the virus, whilst tragically high, is nonetheless comparable with most of the best-performing countries. That said, we believe there is a critical need for strategic statistical oversight of the whole process of anticipating, managing and learning from the current pandemic to improve the quantitative information and advice provided to policy makers. This proposal outlines quantitative aspects of a plan to enable Australia to deal more efficiently and effectively with future such events, thus enhancing both the social and the economic welfare of its people. Indeed, expeditious action may well assist materially in managing possible future waves of the current pandemic, and its aftermath. A dispassionate assessment of Australia’s health and economic response to the pandemic over the last six months reveals some very significant inadequacies in the data, statistical analysis and interpretation used to guide Australia’s preparations and actions. Data to answer some of the most basic of questions about prevalence in population have not been available and remain unavailable. -
National Covid-19 Coordination Commission (Nccc)
25th May 2020 Senator Katy Gallagher, Chair Select Committee on COVID-19 ℅ Committee Secretary Dear Senator Gallagher and Members of the Select Committee on Covid-19, I am writing to the Select Committee on COVID-19 as an Australian citizen. I have focussed my submission on my concerns regarding potential financial conflicts of interest in the Australian Government’s Covid-19 advisors. Please note that this submission contains excerpts from an extensive report I have published, entitled ‘Covid-19: Plandemic Profit.Fallout1.’ NATIONAL COVID-19 COORDINATION COMMISSION (NCCC) EXECUTIVE BOARD In March 2020, Prime Minister Scott Morrison announced the creation of the ‘National Covid-19 Coordination Commission (NCCC). “An Executive Board of Commissioners, will advise the Prime Minister on all non-health aspects of the pandemic response… [the Board will] coordinate advice to the Australian Government on actions to anticipate and mitigate the economic and social effects of the global coronavirus pandemic…. This is about working cooperatively across private-to-private and public-to-private networks to unlock resources…”2 Upon examination, the Board Members of the NCCC do not appear to represent the interests of small business or ‘everyday Australians’. Instead, they hold senior board positions of companies in mining, oil and gas, airlines, private hospitals, pharmaceutical companies, casinos and superannuation giants. One member is a billionaire. Another was recently accused for being ‘an international tax dodger’ by an Australian Senator. Another Chairs an international organisation at the forefront of brokering private-public partnerships and garnering billions in taxpayer dollars to fund Covid-19 vaccine development. The Morrison Government’s choice of NCCC board members, and the glaring omission of any member who could be said to represent small business or employee unions, is a farcical premise of ‘mitigating the economic and social effects’ of Covid-10. -
Frequently Asked Questions About the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on Funding Arrangements
Frequently asked questions about the Coronavirus (COVID-19) impact on funding arrangements The following questions and answers have been developed by the Department of Social Services (the department) to assist funded service providers (and prospective organisations) in service delivery arrangements in light of the Coronavirus (COVID-19). There will be evolving information and guidance provided by government and we encourage you seek up to date information. Please contact your Funding Arrangement Manager in the first instance to discuss your individual circumstances and to find a flexible solution. You can contact them using the emails below: State / Territory Email address Queensland [email protected] New South Wales [email protected] Australian Capital Territory [email protected] Victoria [email protected] Tasmania [email protected] South Australia [email protected] Western Australia [email protected] Northern Territory [email protected] If you are unable to contact your Funding Arrangement Manager, please contact the Community Grants Hotline via telephone 1800 020 283 (option 6), or TTY 1800 555 677. Questions and Answers General questions ........................................................................................................................ 2 Funding arrangements already in place ...................................................................................... -
The Next Pandemic COVID-19 Has Galvanized Tech Communities
FOR THE TECHNOLOGY INSIDER | 10.20 A Special Report The Next Pandemic COVID-19 has galvanized tech communities. The tens of billions we’re spending on vaccines, antivirals, tests, robots, and devices are transforming how we will respond to future outbreaks of infectious disease. Your Qubits. Measured. Meet the next generation of quantum analyzers setting new standards for the readout of superconducting qubits. Your Benefits ∏Compact design Q1 Read out up to 64 superconducting qubits in real time: time-staggered or in parallel. ∏Efficient workflows Operate at up to 8.5 GHz in a clean bandwidth of 1 GHz, Q2 free of mixer calibration. ∏Strong performance Achieve optimal readout signal at minimal latency using matched filters and multi-state discrimination. ∏Turnkey feature set Characterize and calibrate your system quickly with fast resonator spectroscopy. Q ∏Scalable system approach 16 Shape your Zurich Instruments Quantum Computing Control System according to your requirements with our latest innovations. Zurich Contact us today Instruments www.zhinst.com CONTENTS_10.20 A robot, developed by Asimov Robotics to spread awareness about the coronavirus, holds a tray with face masks and sanitizer. P. 36 THE NEXT PANDEMIC COVID-19 HAS TAUGHT US THAT FORESIGHT AND TECH ARE A WINNING COMBINATION BY ELIZA STRICKLAND & GLENN ZORPETTE PAGE 20 24 AI TAKES ITS BEST SHOT 36 HOW ROBOTS BECAME 50 THE ULTRAVIOLET OFFENSE 60 THE RACE FOR A HERE- There are millions of molecules to sift ESSENTIAL WORKERS Germicidal UV lamps are shredding AND-NOW COVID-19 TEST through in the race for a coronavirus They disinfected hospital rooms, coronavirus in hospitals, subway Fast, high-tech, use-anywhere vaccine. -
Pharmaus20 Digital Forum Summary Report Medicines Australia About Pharmaus20
PharmAus20 Digital Forum Summary Report Medicines Australia About PharmAus20 PharmAus20 is Medicines Australia’s fourth annual Policy Symposium. Every year the Symposium provides a platform for an open discussion between industry experts and policymakers, with the goal of improving the future of healthcare in Australia. Usually held over one action packed day in Canberra, this year’s Symposium was held virtually over four sessions. The discussions focused on the lessons from COVID-19 and what they will mean for the future of innovation in the health and pharmaceuticals sector. PharmAus20 explored the impacts of COVID-19 on industry, patients, communities, and governments. The key presentations explored the COVID-19 lessons from international leaders on industry and government collaboration; how we can improve Australia’s whole of ecosystem approach to Research and Development; what COVID means for the long term trajectory of digital within the industry; and how the industry can help Australia recover from the economic impacts of the pandemic. The Symposium flagged what COVID-19 induced changes have meant for patients, and how the industry can ensure Australia is better prepared for the next crisis and the next stage of recovery. Over the course of the four weeks, 23 speakers, including the Federal Minister for Health, the Shadow Minister for Health and various stakeholders from the health sector offered their perspectives on what COVID-19 has meant for the medicines industry. The key ideas and themes that emerged from speakers and discussions at PharmAus20 are summarised in the pages below. 2 Key themes Heading 1 2 It takes the whole The industry has ecosystem to bring responded well to innovative COVID-19, but the treatments to journey is not over patients 3 4 Industry Consumers are reform plays a demanding the key role in ensuring industry integrates Australia’s economy digital offerings fares better than others 3 Overview Medicines Australia hosted PharmAus20 over four economy. -
The COVID-19-Crisis and the Information Polity: an Overview of Responses and Discussions in Twenty-One Countries from Six Continents
Information Polity 25 (2020) 243–274 243 DOI 10.3233/IP-200006 IOS Press Global Expert Report The COVID-19-crisis and the information polity: An overview of responses and discussions in twenty-one countries from six continents Albert Meijera and C. William R. Websterb aUtrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands bUniversity of Stirling, Scotland, UK Contributing Authors Frank Bannister, Colin J. Bennett, Kaiping Chen, Heungsuk Choi, J. Ignacio Criado, Maria Alexandra Cunha, Mehmet Akif Demircioglu, Mila Gasco-Hernandez, Paul Henman, Douglas Kimemia, Veiko Lember, Karl Löfgren, Luis F. Luna-Reyes, Albert Meijer, Ines Mergel, David Murakami Wood, Giorgia Nesti, Erico Przeybilovicz, Aarthi Raghavan, Ola Svenonius, Rosamunde van Brakel, William Webster, Mete Yildiz. Abstract. Governments around the world are utilizing data and information systems to manage the COVID-19-crisis. To obtain an overview of all these efforts, this global report presents the expert reports of 21 countries regarding the relation between the COVID-19-crisis and the information polity. A comparative analysis of these reports highlights that governments focus on strengthening six functions: management of information for crisis management, publishing public information for citizens, providing digital services to citizens, monitoring citizens in public space, facilitating information exchange between citizens and developing innovative responses to COVID-19. The comparative overview of information responses to the COVID-19-crisis shows that these responses cannot only be studied from a rational perspective on government information strategies but need to be studied as political and symbolic interventions. Keywords: COVID-19, information polity, corona app, corona dashboard 1. Introduction The COVID-19 Pandemic has diffused globally at an alarming rate and has forced countries to undertake a broad range of unprecedented interventions in order to protect their citizens from this disease. -
Applicability of Mobile Contact Tracing in Fighting Pandemic (COVID-19): Issues, Challenges and Solutions
Applicability of Mobile Contact Tracing in Fighting Pandemic (COVID-19): Issues, Challenges and Solutions Aaqib Bashir Dara, Auqib Hamid Loneb,∗, Saniya Zahoorb, Afshan Amin Khanb, Roohie Naazb aIndependent Researcher, Jammu and Kashmir,India,190015 bDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, NIT Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India,190006 Abstract Contact Tracing is considered as the first and the most effective step towards containing an outbreak, as resources for mass testing and large quantity of vaccines are highly un- likely available for immediate utilization. Effective contact tracing can allow societies to reopen from lock-down even before availability of vaccines. The objective of mobile contact tracing is to speed up the manual interview based contact tracing process for containing an outbreak efficiently and quickly. In this article, we throw light on some of the issues and challenges pertaining to the adoption of mobile contact tracing solu- tions for fighting COVID-19. In essence, we proposed an Evaluation framework for mobile contact tracing solutions to determine their usability, feasibility, scalability and effectiveness. We evaluate some of the already proposed contact tracing solutions in light of our proposed framework. Furthermore, we present possible attacks that can be launched against contact tracing solutions along with their necessary countermeasures to thwart any possibility of such attacks. Keywords: COVID-19, Contact Tracing, Security, Privacy, Scalability. 1. Introduction Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is an atypical pneumonia that is char- acterized by a high rate of transmission, which began in Guangdong Province, China, in November 2002 [1]. One of the largest SARS outbreaks to date began in Singapore in mid-March 2003 [1] and was traced to a traveler returning from Hong Kong. -
Guiding Our Community Groups on How to Be COVID Safe
BENTLEIGH BENTLEIGH EAST GUIDING OUR BRIGHTON EAST CARNEGIE COMMUNITY GROUPS CAULFIELD ELSTERNWICK GARDENVALE ON HOW TO BE GLEN HUNTLY MCKINNON COVID SAFE MURRUMBEENA ORMOND PLANNING Ι SUPPORTING Ι COMMUNITY Ι SAFETY ST KILDA EAST Guidance for community groups to be COVID safe This guide has been developed to assist community groups who use Council facilities to be COVID safe. All community groups using Council facilities, are required to develop and implement a COVID-19 Safe Plan. This guide includes a Safe Plan template for you to use and should be completed prior to starting any community activities and be available to volunteers and members during activities. The COVID-19 Safe Plan sets out six essential focus areas to help your community group safely restart activities as COVID-19 restrictions ease. All community groups are encouraged to stay informed by visiting the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Victoria website https://www.coronavirus.vic.gov.au for advice on current restrictions, how to stay safe and the latest updates. Remember, you don’t need to rush — it is best to develop your plan at a pace that supports the safety and needs of your group. Focus area one: keeping up-to-date This focus area will help your community group stay informed of government directives and official COVID-19 information as the situation evolves and changes. Your COVID-19 Safe Plan should: • Identify a person who will be the key communication point and authority on COVID-19 information for your community group. • Explain how your community group will stay informed about the latest information available from State and Federal Governments regarding COVID-19 restrictions. -
A Systematic Adversarial Threat Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 12-18-2020 10:45 AM Protecting Health Data in a Pandemic: A Systematic Adversarial Threat Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps Leah Krehling, The University of Western Ontario Supervisor: Essex, Aleksander, The University of Western Ontario A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the Master of Engineering Science degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering © Leah Krehling 2020 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Other Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Krehling, Leah, "Protecting Health Data in a Pandemic: A Systematic Adversarial Threat Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps" (2020). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 7586. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7586 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract In this thesis centralized, decentralized, Bluetooth, and GPS based applications of digital contact tracing were reviewed and assessed. Using privacy principles created by a contingent of security and privacy experts from across Canada, a metric of assessing an application’s privacy was created. An attack tree was built to assess the security of the contact tracing applications. Eighteen attacks were theorized against contact tracing applications currently in use. An application’s vulnerability to the attacks was measured using a scoring system developed for this purpose. The results of the security scores were used to create a metric for assessing the security of contact tracing systems. -
Technologies of Pandemic Control: Privacy and Ethics for COVID-19 Surveillance // 2
TECHNOLOGIES OF PANDEMIC CONTROL // Privacy and Ethics for COVID-19 Surveillance S.E. Freeman October 2020 Technologies of Pandemic Control // Privacy and Ethics for COVID-19 Surveillance S.E. Freeman October 2020 Contents Executive Summary 1 01 // INTRODUCTION 3 02 // TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS 7 EXPOSURE NOTIFICATION AND DIGITAL PROXIMITY TRACING 8 How does it work? 9 Why use these interventions? 12 What concerns are raised? 13 Questionable effectiveness 13 Data could be re-identified 17 Could exacerbate existing inequalities 19 What requirements are needed to protect user privacy? 22 AGGREGATED LOCATION DATA 25 How does it work? 25 Why use this intervention? 26 What concerns are raised? 27 What requirements are needed to protect user privacy? 29 SYMPTOM-TRACKING APPLICATIONS 30 How does it work? 31 Why use this intervention? 32 What concerns are raised? 33 What requirements are needed to protect user privacy? 33 IMMUNITY PASSPORTS 34 How does it work? 34 Why use this intervention? 35 What concerns are raised? 35 What requirements are needed to protect user privacy? 38 03 // EXISTING REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS 40 APPLICABLE U.S. DATA PRIVACY REGULATIONS: A SNAPSHOT 41 FEDERAL LEGISLATION INTRODUCED FOR COVID-19 DATA 44 04 // CONCLUSIONS 47 05 // RECOMMENDATIONS 51 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 56 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 57 ABOUT THE CITRIS POLICY LAB & THE HUMAN RIGHTS CENTER 60 Executive Summary In response to the rapid spread of COVID-19 and its devastating effect on communities across the United States, private companies, state and local governments, nonprofits, and epidemiologists have been harnessing the powers of big data and technology in an attempt to better understand and contain the spread of the virus. -
May 2021 Monitoring International Trends
Monitoring International Trends May 2021 The NBA monitors international developments that may influence the management of blood and blood products in Australia. Our focus is on: Potential new product developments and applications; Global regulatory and blood practice trends; Events that may have an impact on global supply, demand and pricing, such as changes in company structure, capacity, organisation and ownership; and Other emerging risks that could put financial or other pressures on the Australian sector. Highlights include: Research and development in the health sector, and clinical trials, continue to have a strong focus on pandemic related matters, although other issues are receiving more attention than a year ago. Professional societies are holding virtual conferences and annual meetings. Some developments in treating blood disorders (hereditary angioedema, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria, and haemophilia) are described on page 3. Hereditary angioedema patients in the United States, the European Union and Japan now have the option of oral prophylaxis rather than injection or infusion. Researchers reinforced the view that the use of tranexamic acid in hip and knee arthroplasties could reduce blood transfusions (page 3). Others found that intravenous immunoglobulin did not relieve the pain of idiopathic small fibre neuropathy (page 4). Some scientists are estimating the life of antibodies in people who have had a COVID-19 infection (page 4), others are trialling the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies in treating the disease (pages 4 and 5), and there is interest in what is termed “long COVID” (page 4). With a number of COVID-19 vaccines in large-scale use, discussion continues about their effectiveness against a variety of variants, their possible side effects, whether they should be used sequentially in the same patients, how much they permit break-through infection, whether they prevent disease transmission to others, how long the immunity they produce will last and whether boosters will be required (pages 6 to 9).