Dari Language

Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Wikipedia Dari language From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page This article is about the variety of Persian spoken in Afghanistan. For other uses, seeD ari Contents (disambiguation). Featured content ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ دری) daˈɾiː]) or Dari Persian] دری :Darī (Dari Current events Dari Random article Fārsī-ye Darī [fɒːɾsije daˈɾiː]) or synonymously Farsi Dari Persian, Afghan Persian Fārsī [fɒːɾsiː]) is a variation of the Persian ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ) Donate to Wikipedia دری Wikipedia store language spoken in Afghanistan.[9][10] Dari is the term officially recognized and promoted since 1964 by the Interaction Afghan government for the Persian language,[11][9] Help hence, it is also known as Afghan Persian in many About Wikipedia [2][12] Community portal Western sources. This has resulted in a naming Dari in Persian script Recent changes dispute. Many Persian speakers in Afghanistan prefer (Nastaʿlīq style) Contact page and use the name "Farsi" and say the term Dari has Pronunciation [daˈɾiː] been forced on them by the dominant Pashtun ethnic Native to Afghanistan Tools group as an attempt to distance Afghans from their Native 12.5 million (2000– What links here speakers 2011)[1] cultural, linguistic, and historical ties to the Persian- Related changes official, language of 50% [13] Upload file speaking world, which includes Iran and Tajikistan. of the Afghanistan population.[2][2][3][4] Special pages As defined in the Constitution of Afghanistan, it is one Permanent link Language Indo-European of the two official languages of Afghanistan; the other family Page information Indo-Iranian is Pashto.[14] Dari is the most widely spoken language Wikidata item Iranian Cite this page in Afghanistan and the native language of Western Iranian approximately 15–30%[2][3][4] of the population, Southwestern Iranian Print/export [4] serving as the country's lingua franca. The Iranian Persian Create a book and Afghan types of Persian are mutually intelligible, Dari Download as PDF with differences found primarily in the vocabulary and Dialects Kaboli, Mazari, Herati, Printable version phonology. Badakhshi, Panjshiri, Laghmani, Sistani, In other projects By way of Early New Persian, Dari Persian, likeI ranian Aimaqi, Hazaragi[5] Wikimedia Commons Persian and Tajik, is a continuation of Middle Persian, Writing Persian alphabet system Wikivoyage the official religious and literary language of the Official status Languages Sassanian Empire (224–651 CE), itself a continuation Official Afghanistan of Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenids Afrikaans language in [15][16] BC). In historical usage, Dari refers to Regulated by Academy of Sciences of 330–550) اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ Asturianu the Middle Persian court language of the Afghanistan Azərbaycanca Sassanids.[17] Language codes Беларуская ISO 639-3 Variously: Български Contents [hide] prs – Dari, Afghan Persian Bosanski 1 Name Brezhoneg aiq – Aimaq 2 History haz – Hazaragi Català 3 Table of the important terms of the Persian poets Glottolog [6] Čeština dari1249 Dari 4 Geographical distribution aima1241 Aimaq[7] Dansk 5 Cultural influence haza1239 Eesti Hazaragi[8] Ελληνικά 6 Differences between Iranian and Afghan Español Persian Linguasphere 58-AAC-ce (Dari) + 58- Esperanto 6.1 Phonology AAC-cdo & cdp (Hazaragi) + 58-AAC-ck Dialect 6.2 ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ (Aimaq) Français continuum IETF fa-AF Galego 7 Political views on the This article contains IPA phonetic language symbols. Without proper rendering 8 See also support, you may see question marks, Hrvatski boxes, or other symbols instead of 9 References Unicode characters. For a guide to IPA 10 Further reading symbols, see Help:IPA. 11 External links Bahasa Indonesia This article contains Persian text. Without proper rendering Ирон support, you may see question Italiano Name [edit] marks, boxes, or other .symbols עברית Dari is a name given to the New Persian language Basa Jawa ქართული since the 10th century, widely used in Arabic (compare Al-Estakhri, Al-Muqaddasi, and Ibn [18] Коми Hawqal) and Persian texts. Kurdî Since 1964, it has been the official name in Afghanistan for the Persian spoken there. In Latina Afghanistan, Dari refers to a modern dialect form of Persian that is the standard language Latviešu Lietuvių used in administration, government, radio, television, and print media. Because of a ;ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ) Lingua Franca Nova preponderance of Dari native speakers, who normally refer to the language as Fārsi Lumbaart "Persian"), it is also known as "Afghan Persian" in some Western sources.[2][12] Magyar There are different opinions about the origin of the wordD ari. The majority of scholars believes Македонски meaning "Court", as it was the formal ,(درﺑﺎر) that Dari refers to the Persian word dar or darbār [9] მარგალური language of the Sassanids. The original meaning of the word dari is given in a notice Nederlands attributed to Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ (cited by Ibn al-Nadim in Al-Fehrest).[19] According to him, "Pārsī was the language spoken by priests, scholars, and the like; it is the language of Fars." This language refers to the Middle Persian.[9] As for Dari, he says, "it is the language of the cities of Norsk Madā'en; it is spoken by those who are at the king’s court. [Its name] is connected with Norsk nynorsk presence at court. Among the languages of the people of Khorasan and the east, the language Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча of the people of Balkh is predominant.”[9] The Dari language spoken in Afghanistan is not to be confused with the language ofI ran called ﭘﻨﺠﺎﺑﯽ ﭘﺘﻮ Dari or Gabri, which is a language of the Central Iranian subgroup spoken in someZ oroastrian Piemontèis communities.[20][21] Polski Português Note: according to the CIA Fact Book, the percentage of Persian/Dari speakers in Afghanistan Русский is 80%. 1a The CIA Fact Book writes: Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 80% (Dari functions as Саха тыла the lingua franca), Pashto (official) 47%,.... Scots Shqip Simple English History [edit] Slovenčina Dari comes from Middle Persian which was spoken during the rule of theS assanid dynasty. In ﮐﻮردی Српски / srpski general, Iranian languages are known from three periods, usually referred to as Old, Middle, Basa Sunda and New (Modern) periods. These correspond to three eras in Iranian history, the old era being Suomi the period from some time before, during and after the Achaemenid period (that is, to 300 Svenska BC), the Middle Era being the next period, namely, the Sassanid period and part of the post- Sassanid period, and the New era being the period afterwards down to the present day.[22][23][24] Тоҷикӣ Türkçe But it is thought that the first person in Europe to use the termD eri for Dari was Thomas Hyde, Українська at Oxford, in his chief work, Historia religionis veterum Persarum (1700).[25] اردو Dari or Deri has two meanings: Vepsän kel’ Tiếng Việt language of the court "the Zebani Deri(Zeban i Deri or Zaban i Dari = the language of Deri), or the language of Zazaki the court, and the Zebani Farsi, the dialect of Persia at large (...)"[26][27] Edit links Dari, sometimes Araki-Methods (Iraqi), is a form of poetry used from Rudaki to Jami. In 1500 AD it appeared in Herat in the Persian-speaking Timurid dynasty, and the Persian poems of the Indian poets of the Mughal Empire who used the Indian verse methods or rhyme methods like Bedil and Muhammad Iqbal, became familiar with the Araki methods. Iqbal loved both styles of literature and poetry, when he wrote: ﮔﺮﭼ ﻫﻨﺪی در ﻋﺬوﺑﺖ ﺷﮑﺮ اﺳﺖ [28]1 Garče Hendī dar uzūbat2 šakkar ast ﻃﺮز ﮔﻔﺘﺎر دری ﺷﯿﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ tarz-e goftār-e Darī šīrīn tar ast Translation according to literature and poetry: Even though in euphonious Hindi* is sugar – Rhyme method in Dari (Persian) is sweeter * Qandi Parsi or [Ghand e Parsi] (Rock candy of Parsi) is a metaphor for the Persian language and poetry. Original bey Iqbal: Hindi; Hindi in Devanagariscript = Urdu in Persian-Arabic-script ;English: bliss or delight, flavor or sweetness ﻋﺬوﺑﺖ is an adjective of uzūbat or ozubat ﻋﺬب in language, literature and poetry uzubat means euphonious, melody or phonaesthetics. This poem is a poetic statement of the poet Iqbal with respect to the poetry of the 14th century Persian poet Hafez: ﺷﮑﺮﺷﮑﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﻃﻮﻃﯿﺎن ﻫﻨﺪ Šakkar-šakan šavand hama tūtīyān-e Hend زﯾﻦ ﻗﻨﺪ ﭘﺎرﺳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻨﮕﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﯽرود zīn qand-e Pārsī ke ba Bangāla mē-ravad English translation: All the parrots of India will crack sugar Through this Persian Candy which is going to Benga[l29][30] Persian replaced the Central Asian languages of the Eastern Iranics[.31] Ferghana, Samarkand, and Bukhara were starting to be linguistically Darified in originally Khorezmian and Soghdian areas during Samanid rule.[32] Dari Persian spread around the Oxus River region, Afghanistan, and Khorasan after the Arab conquests and during Islamic-Arab rule.[33][34] The replacement of the Pahlavi script with the Arabic script in order to write the Persian language was done by the Tahirids in 9th century Khorasan.[35] The Dari Persian language spread and led to the extinction of Eastern Iranian languages like Bactrian, Khwarezmian with only a tiny amount of Sogdian descended Yaghnobi speakers remaining among the now Persian-speaking Tajik population of Central Asia, due to the fact that the Arab-Islamic army which invaded Central Asia also included some Persians who governed the region like the Sassanids.[36] Persian was rooted into Central Asia by the Samanids.[37] Persian phased out Sogdian.[38] The role of lingua franca that Sogdian originally played was succeeded by Persian after the arrival of Islam.[39] Persian was a major language of government and diplomacy until the middle of the 1700s. Subsequently the strength of Persia declined relative to the industrializing states of Europe (many of whom pursued imperialist policies in the regions where Persian was spoken).

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