Cuáles Son Los Gobiernos De La UE: Partidos, Coaliciones

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Cuáles Son Los Gobiernos De La UE: Partidos, Coaliciones » Biografías Líderes Políticos (Only in spanish) » _Documentos Especiales » Cuáles son los gobiernos europeos: partidos, coaliciones, primeros ministros Cuáles son los gobiernos europeos: partidos, coaliciones, primeros ministros Un repaso a los 27 gobiernos que componen la UE y Updatte:: 20 Septtemberr 2021 los de otros 11 países europeos ((Úllttiimo cambiio:: nuevo Gobiierno en Allbaniia ell 18//9//2021)) Edited by: Roberto Ortiz de Zárate Presentation Con este documento, CIDOB pasa revista a los gobiernos de los 27 estados miembros de la Unión Europea y de otros 11 países de Europa. El documento, actualizado con los cambios que se van produciendo, se compone de tres partes: una tabla sinóptica a modo de síntesis; un mapa equivalente; y un contenido principal donde se repasa de una manera pormenorizada cada gobierno nacional. (Último cambio: nuevo Gobierno en Albania el 18/9/2021) TABLA SINÓPTICA DE LOS 27 GOBIERNOS DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA Primer Orientación Situación Año de País Partidos ministro ideológica parlamentaria formación Angela ALEMANIA 3: CDU + CSU + SPD gran coalición Mayoría 2018 Merkel AUSTRIA 2: ÖVP + Die Grünen Sebastian centro Mayoría 2020 Kurz 7: PS + MR + Ecolo + Alexander BÉLGICA CD&V + Open VLD + sp.a centro Mayoría 2020 De Croo + Groen Stefan Gobierno Gobierno interino BULGARIA -: Apartidista (interino) 2021 Yanev técnico apartidista Nikos centro- CHIPRE 1: DISY Minoría 2018 Anastasiadis derecha Andrej centro- Mayoría (con CROACIA 2: HDZ + SDSS 2020 Plenkovic derecha apoyo externo) Mette centro- Mayoría (con DINAMARCA 1: SD 2019 Frederiksen izquierda apoyo externo) 4: OĽaNO + Sme Rodina + Eduard centro- ESLOVAQUIA Mayoría 2021 SaS + Za ľudí Heger derecha 4: SDS + SMC + NSi + centro- ESLOVENIA Janez Jansa Mayoría 2020 DeSUS derecha Pedro Mayoría (con ESPAÑA 3: PSOE + Podemos + IU izquierda 2020 Sánchez apoyo externo) 2: Reformierakond + ESTONIA Kaja Kallas gran coalición Mayoría 2021 Keskerakond 5: SDP + Keskusta + VIHR centro- FINLANDIA Sanna Marin Mayoría 2019 + VAS + SFP/RKP izquierda 7: REM + MoDem + MRSL FRANCIA Jean Castex centro Mayoría 2020 + Agir + PE + TDP + EC Kyriakos centro- GRECIA 1: ND Mayoría 2019 Mitsotakis derecha HUNGRÍA 2: Fidesz-MPSz + KDNP Viktor Orbán derecha Mayoría 2018 3: Fianna Fáil + Fine Gael Micheál centro- IRLANDA Mayoría 2020 + GP Martin derecha 6: M5S + LN + PD + FI + concentración ITALIA Mario Draghi Mayoría 2021 IV + Art. 1 nacional 4: JKP + AP! + NA + Krisjanis centro- Mayoría (con LETONIA 2019 Vienotiba Karins derecha apoyo externo) Ingrida centro- LITUANIA 3: TS-LKD + LRLS + LP Mayoría 2020 Simonytė derecha LUXEMBURGO 3: DP + LSAP + Déi Gréng Xavier Bettel centro Mayoría 2018 Robert centro- MALTA 1: PL Mayoría 2020 Abela izquierda PAÍSES 4: VVD + CDA + D66 + CU centro- Mark Rutte Mayoría 2017 BAJOS (en funciones) derecha Mateusz POLONIA 2: PiS + SP derecha Mayoría (?) 2019 Morawiecki António centro- PORTUGAL 1: PS Minoría 2019 Costa izquierda Mayoría (con REPÚBLICA centro- 2: ANO 2011 + CSSD Andrej Babis pacto de 2018 CHECA izquierda gobernabilidad) 4: PNL + USR + PLUS + centro- RUMANÍA Florin Cîtu Mayoría 2020 UDMR derecha Stefan centro- Minoría (con SUECIA 2: SAP + MP 2021 Löfven izquierda apoyo externo) OTROS GOBIERNOS EUROPEOS NO MIEMBROS DE LA UE Primer Orientación Situación Año de País Partidos ministro ideológica parlamentaria formación centro- ALBANIA 1: PSSh Edi Rama Mayoría 2021 izquierda BOSNIA- 6: SDA + SNSD + HDZ BiH Zoran gran Mayoría 2019 HERZEGOVINA + DF + SBB BiH + DNS Tegeltija coalición Katrín gran ISLANDIA 3: SSF + VG + FSF Mayoría 2017 Jakobsdóttir coalición 5: VV + Guxo + NDS + centro- KOSOVO (*) Albin Kurti Mayoría 2021 KDTP + IRDK izquierda MACEDONIA centro- 3: SDSM + DUI/BDI + Besa Zoran Zaev Mayoría 2020 DEL NORTE izquierda Natalia centro- MOLDOVA 1: PAS Mayoría 2021 Gavrilita derecha Zdravko centro- MONTENEGRO 3: DF + MNN + URA Mayoría 2020 Krivokapic derecha centro- NORUEGA 3: Høyre + Venstre + KrF Erna Solberg Minoría 2017 derecha Boris centro- REINO UNIDO 1: Conservative Party Mayoría 2019 Johnson derecha 7: SNS + SPS + SDPS + gran SERBIA Ana Brnabic Mayoría 2020 PUPS + PS + SNP + SPAS coalición 4: SVP/UDC + SP/PS + Simonetta gran SUIZA Mayoría 2019 FDP/PLR + CVP/PDC/PPD Sommaruga coalición (*) La República de Kosovo cuenta con reconocimiento internacional parcial; la ONU no reconoce al país como Estado soberano independiente. MAPA DE LOS GOBIERNOS DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA TABLAS NACIONALES DETALLADAS. Los países no miembros de la UE se marcan con (*) ALBANIA (*) Sistema de República parlamentaria Gobierno Monocolor (1 partido): Tipo de Gobierno - Partido Socialista de Albania (PSSh, socialdemócrata) Primer ministro Edi Rama (PSSh); desde 2013 Orientación Centro-izquierda ideológica Fecha de formación 18 de septiembre de 2021 ¿Con mayoría SI: 74 de los 140 escaños del Kuvendi parlamentaria? Principal fuerza de Partido Democrático de Albania (PDSh) la oposición Últimas elecciones 25 de abril de 2021: 1º, PSSh; 2º, PDSh-AN; 3º, LSI Web www.kryeministria.al (*) País no miembro de la Unión Europea ALEMANIA Sistema de República parlamentaria Gobierno Coalición (3 partidos): - Unión Cristiano Demócrata (CDU, conservadores democristianos); Grupo del Partido Popular Europeo Tipo de Gobierno - Unión Social Cristiana (CSU, conservadores socialcristianos); Grupo del Partido Popular Europeo - Partido Social Demócrata de Alemania (SPD); Grupo de la Alianza Progresista de Socialistas y Demócratas Canciller federal Angela Merkel (CDU); desde 2005 Orientación Gran coalición ideológica Fecha de 14 de marzo de 2018 formación ¿Con mayoría SI: 399 de los 709 escaños del Bundestag parlamentaria? Principal fuerza de Alternativa para Alemania (AfD) la oposición Últimas elecciones 24 de septiembre de 2017: 1º, CDU/CSU; 2º, SPD; 3º, AfD Web www.bundesregierung.de Comentarios Angela Merkel, la gobernante más antigua de la UE y estadista resueltamente contraria a pilotar un ejecutivo de minoría, ya va por su cuarto Gobierno, el tercero de gran coalición. El Gabinete Merkel IV, estrenado en marzo de 2018, repite por tanto la fórmula tripartita CDU-CSU-SPD ya probada en las legislaturas 2005-2009 y 2013-2018; el segundo Gobierno, en cambio, fue de coalición con los liberales del FDP. La primera große koalition en la historia de la RFA fue la Kiesinger-Brandt de 1966-1969. AUSTRIA Sistema de República parlamentaria Gobierno Coalición (2 partidos): - Partido Popular Austríaco (ÖVP, conservadores democristianos); Grupo del Tipo de Gobierno Partido Popular Europeo - Die Grünen (Los Verdes-La Alternativa Verde); Grupo de los Verdes/Alianza Libre Europea Canciller federal Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP); desde 2020 Orientación Centro ideológica Fecha de 7 de enero de 2020 formación ¿Con mayoría SI: 97 de los 183 escaños del Nationalrat parlamentaria? Principal fuerza de Partido Socialdemócrata de Austria (SPÖ) la oposición Últimas elecciones 29 de septiembre de 2019: 1º, ÖVP; 2º, SPÖ; 3º, FPÖ Web www.bka.gv.at Comentarios El Gobierno de gran coalición que, bajo el liderazgo de los socialdemócratas, venía funcionando desde 2007 llegó a su fin tras las elecciones federales de 2017, en las que el ÖVP desplazó del primer puesto al SPÖ. El nuevo líder popular y ministro de Exteriores en la legislatura iniciada en 2013, Sebastian Kurz, se convirtió en el más joven primer ministro de la UE apoyado en el bipartito ÖVP-FPÖ, fórmula derechista que Austria probaba por segunda vez en los últimos 17 años; el vicecanciller federal con Kurz era el líder del FPÖ, Heinz-Christian Strache. Más que su vecina Alemania, la República de Austria tiene una amplia experiencia en gobiernos de gran coalición, que han sido casi la norma en este sistema parlamentario centroeuropeo desde el final de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, exceptuando los períodos 1966-1987, 2000- 2007 y de nuevo por tercera vez desde 2017. Junto con Luxemburgo, Austria es probablemente el país de la UE que más ha interiorizado el principio del diálogo y el consenso entre las formaciones mayoritarias que conforman la dicotomía clásica de centro-derecha/centro-izquierda. Sin embargo, en 2016 socialdemócratas y popularcristianos, en buena medida debido a la gestión del problema de los refugiados, afrontaron una crisis de credibilidad que amenazó con trastocar de manera drástica el panorama político en Austria. El directo beneficiario de ese desplome de los dos partidos grandes era la derecha populista, euroescéptica y antiinmigración del FPÖ. No obstante, el encumbramiento partidario del jovencísimo Kurz en 2017 hizo resurgir al ÖVP, que tras las elecciones al Nationalrat no tuvo excesivos problemas en pactar con los ultras de Strache. El 18 de mayo de 2019, faltando pocos días para las elecciones europeas, el Gobierno negro-azul de Viena voló por los aires a causa del escándalo mediático protagonizado por el vicecanciller Strache, cazado en unos turbios contactos financieros con un oligarca ruso. Strache dimitió de inmediato y la reacción inicial de Kurz fue anunciar elecciones generales anticipadas y mantener en funciones la coalición con el FPÖ. Sin embargo, dos días después, el canciller despidió al ministro del Interior del FPÖ, Herbert Kickl, y sus compañeros de partido en el Gabinete (entre ellos el sustituto en funciones de Strache al frente del FPÖ, Norbert Hofer), en respuesta, renunciaron a sus carteras. El 22 de mayo Kurz rehizo el Gabinete nombrando a ministros independientes y del ÖVP, pero el día 27 sucumbió a una moción de censura presentada por el pequeño partido Jetzt y que fue apoyada por el SPÖ y el FPÖ. El 28 de mayo todos
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