DOCSLIB.ORG

What Determines Whether Preferential Liberalization of Barriers Against Foreign Investors in Services Are Beneficial Or Immizerising: Application to the Case of Kenya

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
What Determines Whether Preferential Liberalization of Barriers Against Foreign Investors in Services Are Beneficial Or Immizerising: Application to the Case of Kenya A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Balistreri, Edward J.; Jensen, Jesper; Tarr, David Article What determines whether preferential liberalization of barriers against foreign investors in services are beneficial or immizerising: Application to the case of Kenya Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal Provided in Cooperation with: Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW) Suggested Citation: Balistreri, Edward J.; Jensen, Jesper; Tarr, David (2015) : What determines whether preferential liberalization of barriers against foreign investors in services are beneficial or immizerising: Application to the case of Kenya, Economics: The Open-Access, Open- Assessment E-Journal, ISSN 1864-6042, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW), Kiel, Vol. 9, Iss. 2015-42, pp. 1-134, http://dx.doi.org/10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2015-42 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/123096 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ www.econstor.eu Vol. 9, 2015-42 | November 24, 2015 | http://dx.doi.org/10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2015-42 What Determines Whether Preferential Liberalization of Barriers against Foreign Investors in Services Are Beneficial or Immizerising: Application to the Case of Kenya Edward J. Balistreri, Jesper Jensen, and David Tarr Abstract Despite the fact that many modern preferential trade agreements include commitments to foreign investors in imperfectly competitive services sectors, the literature has not established conditions under which these agreements are beneficial or harmful. The authors fill that void by developing a model with monopolistic competition and foreign direct investment in services with Dixit-Stiglitz endogenous productivity effects from additional varieties. They specify a numerical model, with probability distributions of all parameters. The model is executed 30,000 times, and results are reported as probability of an outcome, based on the sample distribution. In order to ground the results in reality, the authors apply the model to Kenya. They show that preferential commitments in services could be immizerising. Losses are more likely the greater the share of initial rent capture on the services barriers in the home country and the more technologically advanced are the excluded regions relative to the partner region. JEL F12 F13 F14 F15 F23 F47 C68 L16 Keywords Immizerising services liberalization; preferential liberalization; multinationals; monopolistic competition; foreign direct investment; endogenous productivity effects Authors Edward J. Balistreri, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO 80401, USA, [email protected] Jesper Jensen, Jensen Analysis, Agern Alle 3, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark, [email protected] David Tarr, Former Lead Economist, The World Bank, 1818 H Street, NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA, [email protected] Citation Edward J. Balistreri, Jesper Jensen, and David Tarr (2015). What Determines Whether Preferential Liberalization of Barriers against Foreign Investors in Services Are Beneficial or Immizerising: Application to the Case of Kenya. Economics: The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal, 9 (2015-42): 1—134. http:// dx.doi.org/10.5018/economics-ejournal.ja.2015-42 Received May 19, 2015 Published as Economics Discussion Paper July 1, 2015 Revised September 25, 2015 Accepted October 12, 2015 Published November 24, 2015 © Author(s) 2015. Licensed under the Creative Commons License - Attribution 3.0 1 Introduction Since the early 1990s, regional trade agreements have surged; 283 have been notified to the WTO and were in force as of February 2010.1 Commitments to foreign investors in services are now key aspects of modern FTA agreements negotiated with the EU and the US, and in some other agreements. The literature, however, contains neither analytical nor numerical results on the general equilibrium welfare impacts of preferential commitments to foreign investors in the presence of imperfect competition in services sectors.2 Given that commitments to foreign investors in services sectors (many of which are imperfectly competitive) are key aspects of modern FTA agreements, the objective of this paper is to determine if such agreements can be immizerising, and the conditions that make it more or less likely the agreements are beneficial. Further, we develop a numerical general equilibrium framework to assess these agreements in practice. It is well known that the welfare effects of preferential trade in goods are ambiguous, with welfare losses possible in perfectly competitive models due to the loss of tariff revenue on the decline in imports from excluded countries. In services, however, there typically is no tax revenue on barriers to foreign investors, leading some experts to suggest that gains from preferential liberalization of services are much more likely than in goods (Mattoo and Fink, 2002). But Mattoo and Fink acknowledge that if the home country is capturing rents from the barriers, these rents play the same role in preferential liberalization of services as tariffs in goods, leading to possible losses.3 And despite the fact that key sectors in the negotiations are characterized by imperfect competition (like banking, insurance _________________________ 1 See http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/region_e/region_e.htm. This does not include a significant number of regional agreements that are in force (among developing countries) that have not been notified to the WTO. 2 There have been several numerical modeling papers in recent years that examine FDI in services, without a regional dimension, including Markusen et al. (2005), Konan and Maskus (2006), Rutherford and Tarr (2008), Brown and Stern (2001), Dee et al. (2003), Jensen et al. (2007, 2010), and Balistreri et al. (2009). 3 See Jensen and Tarr (2010) for a detailed analytical treatment. www.economics-ejournal.org 2 and telecommunications), there has not been any analytical work assessing the welfare impacts with imperfect competition.4 Any modeling effort must take into account the mounting evidence on the productivity gains of FDI in services.5 The essential features of the problem, however, (general equilibrium, imperfect competition, foreign direct investment and endogenous productivity effects) make the model sufficiently complex that analytic solutions are exceedingly difficult. Consequently, we construct a numerical model which contains these features (endogenous productivity effects from Dixit-Stiglitz variety effects) and specify probability distributions of all parameters. We execute the model 30,000 times, where each simulation is based on a random draw of all the parameter values. The results are reported as probability of an outcome, based on the sample distribution. In order to ground the results in reality, we apply the model to Kenya, a developing country that is facing a range of regional trade agreements that include services, including the Economic Partnership Agreements with the European Union and the Tripartite Free Trade Agreement among the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), the East African Customs Union and the South African Development Community (SADC).6 We build on the 55 sector small open economy model of Kenya by Balistreri et al. (2009), but decompose the rest of the world into the European Union, our Africa region and the Rest of the World. In each imperfectly competitive sector, firm types differ by sector and region. Based on the now extensive econometric literature begun by Coe and Helpman (1995), we allow the Dixit-Stiglitz endogenous productivity effects to vary by the level of development of the partner region, and by sector. _________________________ 4 Mattoo and Fink (2002) develop analytic results that show that due to “first mover” advantages, preferential liberalization in services could result in reduced gains from subsequent multilateral liberalization. But they do not show a case of where the preferential liberalization, ceteris paribus, results in welfare losses. 5 See Francois and Hoekman (2010) for a survey of more than a dozen empirical studies that support this finding. Also see the survey in Jensen and Tarr (2010) for additional studies. Support comes from a variety of sources including studies that use firm level data, such as Arnold et al. (2011) for the Czech Republic and Fernandes and Paunov (2012) for Chile, and studies that
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Professors Pay Glowing Tribute to 'Academic Doyen'
    Professors pay glowing tribute to 'academic doyen' By GEORGEMAGOHA The world woke up to a rude shock last Tuesday with the news of the death of a founding academic icon, Prof David Peter Simon Wasawo, who passed on at the Aga Khan Hospital early that morning at the age of 91. Prof Wasawo was a pioneer African zoolo- gist in East Africa who taught at Makerere University in the 1950s and 1960s and at the University of Nairobi in the 1960s and early 1970s before joining international bodies including UN agencies, Tanzania Scientific Research Council. and the Organisation of African Unity panels and countries. In those earlier years of independence when the country was charting its path in higher education. Prof Wasawo was ap- pointed Vice-Principal of the University of students were the late Prof Hillary Ojiambo. Nairobi College in 1965 and served until 1970 the late Prof Joseph Maina Mungai. Prof when the college was upgraded to a full- Richard Musangi, late Prof George Kinoti, fledged university. Thus. he is easily credited Prof Canute Khamala, the late Prof Nim- for laying the foundation for what was to rod Bwibo. Prof J.K. Mati and the late Prof become a successful university in the region. Ambrose Wasuna. This cohort of scholars played a critical role in the expansion of Later he served as the pioneer chairman, university education in the country and to a Department of Zoology and dean, Faculty large extent were the founding scholars in of Science.. He resigned in 1973to serve on their respective disciplines. international bodies.
    [Show full text]
  • Mau Mau Crucible of War: Statehood, National Identity and Politics in Postcolonial Kenya
    Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2014 Mau Mau crucible of war: Statehood, national identity and politics in postcolonial Kenya Nicholas Kariuki Githuku Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Githuku, Nicholas Kariuki, "Mau Mau crucible of war: Statehood, national identity and politics in postcolonial Kenya" (2014). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 5677. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/5677 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MAU MAU CRUCIBLE OF WAR: STATEHOOD, NATIONAL IDENTITY AND POLITICS IN POSTCOLONIAL KENYA by Nicholas Kariuki Githuku Dissertation submitted to the Eberly College of Arts and Sciences at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Approved by Dr. Robert Maxon, Committee Chairperson Dr. Joseph Hodge Dr. Robert Blobaum Dr. Jeremia Njeru Dr. Tamba M’bayo Department of History Morgantown, West Virginia 2014 Keywords: war, statehood, stateness, security, mentalité, national identity, psychosociological anxieties Copyright 2014 Nicholas Kariuki Githuku Abstract The postcolonial African state has been the subject of extensive study and scrutiny by various scholars of great repute such as Colin Legum, Crawford Young, Robert H.
    [Show full text]
  • Read•Learn•Enjoy
    SALES AND MARKETING TEAM KENYA NAME TEL NO. REGION LUGALIA EDGAR SENELWA 0722 350 068 SALES MANAGER KENYA FRED OKELO DISI 0712 108 076 TEAM LEADER (SOUTH RIFT) SIKA CHERYL 0775 366 477 SALES SUPPORT EXECUTIVE SALES EXECUTIVES JOEL ATEYA 0722 135 964 NAIROBI IRENE SADERA 0722 791 994 NAIROBI CATHERINE GITHINJI 0728 352 713 NAIROBI KENNETH OKOTH ANGAGA 0726 304 920 NAIROBI LANCE OCHIENG 0723 370 023 COAST BONVENTURE ASHITIBA 0729 889 564 WESTERN PATRICK WANYEKI 0725 500 754 MT. KENYA WEST MAXWELL NYAI 0728 892 990 NORTH RIFT SAMUEL MUNAI MUASA 0723 918 970 EASTERN East African Educational Publishers Educate • EnlighteReadn • Empower •Learn•E nj oy Get your copies NOW from all bookshops countrywide East African Educational Publishers Educate • Enlighten • Empower For more visit:www.eastafricanpublishers.com Team Achievers PRICE LIST.indb 1 3/3/21 11:21 AM Table of Contents Pre-Primary CBC Books ...................................... 2 EAEP Notes on Literature .............................. 22 Grade 1-5 Kiswahili CBC Books .......................... 2 Oral Literature ................................................ 22 Lower Primary Grade 1 – 3 CBC Books ........... 2 Fasihi Pevu ..................................................... 23 Upper Primary Grade 4 – 5 CBC Books ........... 3 Simulizi Sisimka .............................................. 23 Workbooks – Grade 4 ....................................... 4 Fasihi Chipukizi ............................................... 23 Workbooks – Grade 5 ....................................... 4
    [Show full text]
  • Kenya National Bibliography 2003
    KENYA NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 2003 KENYA NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE NAIROBI, KENYA 2005 Subscription (surface postage Included): Ksh. 300 In Kenya, U$ 25 rest of Africa U$ 30 for the rest of the world KENYA NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE NATIONAL LIBRARY DIVISION P.O. BOX 30573 00100, NAIROBI, KENYA. http://www.knls.or.ke PRINTED BY THE GOVERNMENT PRINTER. NAIROBI KENYA NATIONAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 2003 KENYA NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE NAIROBI 2005 Published 2005 by KENYA NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE NATIONAL LIBRARY DIVISION P.O. BOX 30573, NAIROBI, KENYA. Telephone : 2718177, 2725859, 2725550/1, 2727837. Fax : 2721749 E-MAIL : [email protected] WWW : knls.or.ke (C) 2005 by Kenya National Library Service All Rights Reserved. ISBN 9966-926-09-7 Subscription (surface postage included): Ksh 300 in Kenya, U$ 25 rest of Africa U$ 30 for the rest of the world (pbk.) 015.676205 KENYA national bibliography: a classified subject bibliography of current publications Produced in Kenya & foreign materials of interest to Kenya and /or written by Kenyans, arranged according to the Dewey Decimal Classification and catalogued according to the Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, with a full author & title index.../National library Division, Kenya National Library Service. -1980-.- Nairobi: Kenya National Library Service, National library Division 1980- v.;30cm. Annual. Ksh300.00 in Kenya, U$25 rest of Africa and U$30 for the rest of the world (pbk.) 1. KENYA NATIONAL LIBRARY SERVICE, National Library Division Printed by: ii CONTENTS Preface ..........................................................................................................................................................v
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Maina Mungai, Ebs
    .~ ~ UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI CITATION ON PROFESSOR JOSEPH MAINA MUNGAI, EBS ON HIS CONFERMENT OF THE HONORARY DOCTOR OF SCIENCE (D.Se.) OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI AT NAIROBI, KENYA ON 30TH NOVEMBER, 1998 UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI CITATION ON PROFESSOR JOSEPH MAINA MUNGAI, EBS ON HIS CONFERMENT OF THE HONORARY DOCTOR OF SCIENCE (D.Se.) OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI AT NAIROBI, KENYA ON 30TH NOVEMBER, 1998 u cvr CITATION ON PROFESSOR JOSEPH MAINA MUNGAI, EBS MBChB (Makerere), Ph.D.(London) "If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants," The above statement, which is sometimes attributed to Sir Isaac Newton and at other times to Claude Bernard, can be aptly used to describe one man that the Univer- sity of Nairobi is pleased to honour today. A man through whom many scholars in this country can claim to have seen further because they stood on his shoulders. A man popularly known by his students as the "Posture of Man." This scholar is Prof. Joseph Maina Mungai. Professor Joseph Maina Mungai was born on 4th April. 1932in Nairobi. He grew up in Kiambu District where he attended several primary schools; dropping out from time to time to sell sugar cane in the market or run his father's kiosk. In 1942he dropped out of school altogether to go and become a full time herdsboy for 2 years. After the two years young Mungai resumed school and in 1949he sat for the Kenya African Preliminary Exami- nation which he passed and was admitted to Alliance High School Kikuyu.
    [Show full text]
  • Jua Kali & the Transformation of Contemporary Kenyan
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2011 Globalizing Kenyan Culture: Jua Kali & the Transformation of Contemporary Kenyan Art: 1960-2010 Margaretta H. Swigert Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss Part of the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Swigert, Margaretta H., "Globalizing Kenyan Culture: Jua Kali & the Transformation of Contemporary Kenyan Art: 1960-2010" (2011). Dissertations. 265. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_diss/265 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 2011 Margaretta H. Swigert LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO GLOBALIZING KENYAN CULTURE: JUA KALI AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF CONTEMPORARY KENYAN ART: 1960-2010 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY PROGRAM IN SOCIOLOGY BY MARGARETTA SWIGERT CHICAGO, IL MAY 2011 Copyright by Margaretta Swigert, 2011 All rights reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all the Kenyan artists and supporters of contemporary Kenyan art with whom I met and worked throughout my multiple trips to Kenya. I especially wish to acknowledge friends at African Colours, the online art gallery in Nairobi for enabling me to ‗perch‘ at their offices while conducting my field research in Kenya. I am also indebted to my Kenyan family who, by allowing me to stay in their Nairobi home for many months, facilitated my trekking all around the countryside both within and on the outskirts of Nairobi.
    [Show full text]
  • Dramatic License: Histories of Kenyan Theater, 1895-1964
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2017 Dramatic License: Histories Of Kenyan Theater, 1895-1964 Elizabeth Burns Dyer University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the African History Commons, and the Theatre and Performance Studies Commons Recommended Citation Dyer, Elizabeth Burns, "Dramatic License: Histories Of Kenyan Theater, 1895-1964" (2017). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 2819. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2819 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/2819 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dramatic License: Histories Of Kenyan Theater, 1895-1964 Abstract This dissertation demonstrates how theatrical performances allowed for African political interventions into many of the most significant political moments in enyK a’s colonial history. Though the African majority was largely blocked from participation in the white settler colony’s centralized political institutions, many Africans found roles as musicians, audience members, and even actors within their colonizers’ ubiquitous pastime of amateur theater. By refashioning themselves as performers, disenfranchised people of color reinvented themselves as political actors—arming themselves with the language and ideology of the imperial state and using that language to both participate in and to undermined colonial politics. Bringing expressive culture to bear on Kenyan history, suggests that East African political culture has a dual nature that complicates narratives of collaboration or resistance. The great body of studies published on Kenyan colonial history to this point have given us a rich understanding of both ethno-historical forces and the frameworks of major political tensions.
    [Show full text]
  • Prof George Magoha's CV
    CURRICULUM VITAE PROFESSOR GEORGE A.O. MAGOHA IOM, MBS, EBS, MBBS, FKNAS, FWACS, FICS, FCS (ECSA), FAAS, FMCS (Urol.) CHAIRMAN MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS AND DENTISTS BOARD-KENYA AND PROFESSOR OF SURGERY & CONSULTANT UROLOGIST At the University of Nairobi College of Health Sciences 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... 2 PERSONAL DATA ............................................................................................. 4 PERSONAL STATEMENT ................................................................................... 1 EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ........................................................................ 17 ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS ......................................................................... 18 PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL REGISTRATION ..................................................... 19 HONOURS AND AWARDS ................................................................................ 19 ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL SURGICAL CAREER ..................................... 20 SOME SELECTED INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ENGAGEMENTS AS VICE CHANCELLOR, UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 2005- 2015 ....................................................................................................... 21 ACHIEVEMENTS OVER THE LAST FIVE YEARS AS PRESIDENT OF ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL COUNCILS OF AFRICA (AMCOA) – 2013-201842 ACHIEVEMENTS OVER THE LAST NINE YEARS AS CHAIRMAN OF THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS AND DENTISTS BOARD OF KENYA (MPDBK)
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    CURRICULUM VITAE PROFESSOR GEORGE A.O. MAGOHA MBS, EBS, CBS, EGH, MBBS, FKNAS, FWACS, FICS, FCS (ECSA), FAAS, FMCS (Urol.) CABINET SECRETARY MINISTRY OF EDUCATION REPUBLIC OF KENYA AND PROFESSOR OF SURGERY & CONSULTANT UROLOGIST At the University of Nairobi College of Health Sciences 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... 2 PERSONAL DATA ............................................................................................. 4 PERSONAL STATEMENT .................................................................................. 5 EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND ....................................................................... 21 ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS ........................................................................ 22 PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL REGISTRATION .................................................... 23 HONOURS AND AWARDS ............................................................................... 23 ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL SURGICAL CAREER .................................... 24 SOME SELECTED INTERNATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ENGAGEMENTS AS VICE CHANCELLOR, UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI 2005- 2015 ....................................................................................................... 25 ACHIEVEMENTS OVER THE LAST FIVE YEARS AS PRESIDENT OF ASSOCIATION OF MEDICAL COUNCILS OF AFRICA (AMCOA) – 2013-201845 ACHIEVEMENTS OVER THE LAST NINE YEARS AS CHAIRMAN OF THE MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS AND DENTISTS BOARD OF KENYA (MPDBK)
    [Show full text]
  • Religion and Politics in Kenya
    Henry Martyn Lectures 2005 Religion and Politics in Kenya Professor John Lonsdale A series of three lectures was given by Professor John Lonsdale of Trinity College, Cambridge on Monday 7th, Tuesday 8th and Wednesday 9th February at the Faculty of Divinity, West Road, Cambridge. The lecture titles were: Foundations , Conflicts and Questions. Guests who attended the reception, which followed the first lecture included: The High Commissioner of Kenya, His Excellency, Mr Joseph Muchemi/Bishop Simon Barrington-Ward/Dr Brian Stanley Mrs Muchemi and Mrs Moya Lonsdale THE HENRY MARTYN LECTURES 2005 "Religion and Politics in Kenya" by John Lonsdale Trinity College, Cambridge LECTURE 1: Monday 7th February 2005 FOUNDATIONS Introduction Two centuries ago, in 1805, the young Henry Martyn left his fellowship at St John's College and curacy at Holy Trinity Church to set sail for India. In his first five years out there, as chaplain to the East India Company, he had translated the New Testament into Urdu and Persian. In his short life he also helped in the translation of the Gospels into Arabic. Much of what I have to say in these three lectures given in his honour is an historian's comment on the consequences of vernacular translations of the Bible, especially their gifts to political identity in Kenya and to that country's sometimes critical, sometimes vainglorious, language of politics. Some of these gifts of the translated Word can be counted as blessings to the people of Kenya, some as hindrances. The ambiguity of the relations between religion and politics in the modern history of that country lies at the core of what I have to say.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Notes Introduction 1. William W. Baldwin, Mau Mau Man-Hunt: The Adventures of the Only American Who Has Fought the Terrorists in Kenya, New York: Dutton, 1957, 18, 49, 98, 174. 2. New York Times, June 12, 1955. 3. The militant African opposition in Colonial Kenya was denoted as “Mau Mau,” not least by those who fought them. They have also been referred to as the Land and Freedom Army. The origin of the term “Mau Mau” is contested. See e.g., George Bennett, “Revolutionary Kenya: The Fifties, a Review,” Race, 8 (Number 4, 1967): 415–420, 415, MSS/10/87, Kenya National Archives–Nairobi: hereafter noted as KNA: According to this author, the first African who disclosed the existence of the liberation forces in a police station in Naivasha, Kenya, asserted, “ ‘I have been given MUMA,’ an oath. The European being neither able to pronounce nor spell [the term] correctly created his own pronunciation . ‘Mau Mau’.” But see P. Godfrey Okoth, United States of America’s Foreign Policy toward Kenya, 1952–1969, Nairobi: Gideon S. Were Press, 1992, 1: “Mau Mau” writes this author is a “garbled expression referring to a repeti- tion of the word ‘uma’ or ‘get out’ ” Note also the existence of the “Mau Escarpment,” an essential part of the topography of Kenya. Beryl Markham, whose writings about Kenya helped to bring this nation to a wider audience in the North Atlantic commu- nity, spoke wistfully about the “slopes of the Mau.” See Beryl Markham, West with the Night, Surrey, UK: Virago, 1984 [First published in 1942], 136.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kenya Gazett
    SPECIAL /SSG ** eç ) N y' + i o > N 5. N J -' - N h > l h & e e B ê T H E K E N YA G A Z E T T : Published by Authority of the Republic ()f Kenya (Registcrt!d as a Newspaper at thc G .P.().) .... .. ( . J'éE . .... Vol. C lV - No. 88 N A IRO BI, 11th Decem ber, 2002 Priee Sh. 40 GAZE'I'TE NOTICENO. 8023 Lt.-Col f Rtt6.) Benry M utbec Katlmrimp. DCP Cyrtls M , Gacharill. D.S.M . ' AW ARDS Ol7 ORDERS, DECORATIONS AND M EDALS IJCP Gi Ibert Mudllune tllllolldi . ().G . u, .' DCP Stcphen M btlgua M biyu. D.S.M .. , JAMHURI DAY. 12TH DECEMBFR, 2002 Ag. DCP Zebedeo Otwori Onguti. D.C.O.. II.S.M . IN RECOGNITION oî the outstanding or distinguisbetl serviits Ag. DCP M ary M tskami M waogalgi- I7.S.M . rendered to the nation in various capacitics and responsibilities, 1. Ag. DCP Pcter Elaini Eregaè. O .G.W . Danicl Toroitich arap M oi, President and Commander-in-chicf of the Ag. DCP Stephcn Kilnent-htl- IA.S.M .. S.S. Armed Ferces f)f the Republic of Kenyas confer awards and honours to Ag. DCP Nixon Boit Sigowa. S.S. the following pcrsons: Ag. DCP Esther Achieng' Oticno, D.S.M .. S.S. Ag. IICP Alik;e M ary W . Kktgulldq! 1,) .S.M : S.S. The Order f?Jl/Ic Golden Heart (?f Kenya: S/ACP Ltlcy M ugure M ungai. The Third Class- M oran of the Order of the Golden Heart of Kenya S/ACP Nfllson 0.
    [Show full text]