In The Pipeline

Journal of the Organ Society of Western Australia (Incorporated) Founded 1966 ABN 49 302 148 987 www.oswa.org.au

Volume 22, Number 3, August 2018

In The Pipeline—page Organs of the Iberian Peninsular

Part 1 century AD. When Roman power was being dissolved by invading Germanic

tribes, Braga became the capital of the In April my wife and I embarked on the Kingdom (409 to 584). Bishop Portuguese Camino walking the 250km Martin of Dumio converted the Suebi to from to . Catholicism around 550. The As we journeyed we were able to see or importance of Braga diminished during hear some of the organs along the way. Visigoth times, and after the arrival of The first impression of these organs is the Moors (716) it lost its bishop seat. that they look quite different. In many instances the case work, especially of Cathedral organs, has been built in the 1700’s if not before and is an elaborate structure. The other obvious difference is the number of en chamade ranks(French: ʺto sound a parleyʺ) powerfully voiced trumpet ranks protruding horizontally from the case work. Just off the Camino trail is the city of Braga which hosts an Organ Festival each year in April/May. The concerts by international organists in up to seven locations are free. There are 46 organs in Braga. has one of the most elaborately decorated cases. The Diocese of Braga dates from the 3rd Both cases of the Braga organ facing each other across the nave. In The Pipeline—page 14 The bishopric of Braga was restored the 13th century. The original 12th around 1071, after the city was back into century-building was built in the Christian hands, and Bishop Pedro Burgundian Romanesque style. In later started to build a cathedral, consecrated times the cathedral was greatly in 1089. The made Braga into an modified, so that today it is a mix of archbishopric in 1107. The archbishop Romanesque, Gothic, Moorish, of Braga had power over a large region and styles. in Northwestern Iberia, including most Particularly important were the of and part of , in today addition of new chapels and the Spain. entrance gallery in gothic style, the new manueline main chapel, and the various Construction on the cathedral was then resumed and lasted until the middle of additions in baroque times like the towers, chapels and much inner Organ of the Gospel: Specification decoration. I. Positive II. Great Organ A high choir was added near the entrance of the Left hand Right hand Left hand Right hand cathedral in the baroque period. This choir is Flautado of 8 ' Flautado 8 ' Contras 16 ' beautifully decorated Quinzena 2 ' Pifaro 2 ' Flautado 16 ' Flautado 16 ' with a painted ceiling Composta XXII Composta XXII IV Flautado 8 ' Flautado 8 ' and sculptured gilt III wood (talha dourada) Simbala III Simbala III Oitava Real 4 ' Oitava Real 4 ' with choir stalls Dozena 2 2/3 ' Corneta Real VIII XV e XIX IV 2 '+ 1 executed around 1737 Expressive Echo Section XVth XIX II-III 1/3' by Miguel Francisco da Composta of XXII IV Composta deXXII

-V IV 1 ' Silva. In front of the Left hand Right hand Nasardos IV-V Nasardos V high choir there are two Simbala IV Simbala IV gilt wood organs, Flautado de Flautado de Eco 8 ' Resimbala III Resimbala III carved by renowned Violão 8 ' sculptor Marceliano de Flautado de Trombeta Magna Flauta Doce 4 ' Eco 4 ' 16 '(Cham) Araújo in the 1730s, Corneta Real from Eco Quinzena 2 ' Trombeta Real 8 ' Trombeta Real 8 ' heavily decorated with VI Clarim of Batalha 8 baroque and fantastic Clarom IV Clarom V Clarim 8 '(Cham) '(Cham) motifs. These are Tenor 8 ' Cheremia 8 ' Dulçaina 8 '(Cham) Dulçaina 8 '(Cham) among the most Trompeta Baixãozinho 4 Clarim of Eco 8 ' Aboas 8 '(Cham) Bastarda 8 ' '(Cham) impressive gilt wood works in Portugal. The two organs were built Pedal by Frei Simon Fontanes Contras (GO) 16 ' in 1737 – 1739. In The Pipeline—page 15 In 1798, José Carlos De Sousa carried out maintenance work. In 1948, João Sampaio & Son made repairs on both organs. The gospel organ was completely restored from 1985 to 1987 by António Simŏes Other features of the Gospel organ: 30 stops - 2 manuals of 49 notes and pedal 8 notes Mechanical transmission of keyboards and stops Echo / Positive coupling by lever Permanent Drawstring: Contras (II) / P Carrancas - Passarinhos - Tambores (2) Figurino (anjo)

Organ of the Epistle: Specification The Epistle organ II. Great Organ The organ of the epistle is the Left hand Right hand smaller but very similar to the gospel organ. Flautado 16 ' Flautado 16 ' Flautado 8 ' Flautado 8 ' Other features of the Epistle organ: Violao 8 ' Flauta bela 8 ' 23 stops - 1 manual 45-note short Oitava Real 4 ' Flauta travessa 8 ' octave keyboard Dozena 2 2/3 ' Oitava Real 4 ' Mechanical transmission of Quinzena 2 ' Pifano 4 ' keyboard and stops XV th XIX II Composta of XV III 2 ' 2 tambourines XIX XXII III Corneta real IV The organ was completely restored Composta of XXII IV Cheio V in 1989 by António Simŏes, two Simbala V Simbala V years after the restoration of the Trombeta Magna 16’ (Cham) organ of the gospel. Trombeta Real 8 ' Cheremia 8 '(Cham) Donald Cook Clarim of Batalha 8 Clarim 8 '(Cham) '(Cham) Dulçaina 8 '(Cham) Dulçaina 8 '(Cham) Baixãozinho 4 '(Cham) In The Pipeline—page 16