Integral Kinematics: Training Muscle Control and Performance Sean Lin and Professor Steve Mann

RESEARCH QUESTION METHODOLOGY Brainstorm Design the Code an app Conduct an Research absement and ideas for a sports mechanism measuring experiment to How can integral kinematics be used to develop muscle training, inventions that utilize training device utilizing 3D CAD absement in the evaluate athletes’ enhance sports performance, and revolutionize the fitness world? absement for sports training utilizing software sports training body control using absement device the device

INTRODUCTION BUILDING THE INVENTION CONCLUSION AND CONTINUATION Traditionally, athletic performance is measured using `. Following the creation of our absement ab roller, there are derivatives, or rates of change. While derivatives measure burst, 1. Research numerous ways in which the research project can be extended. they neglect another key component of athleticism: control. In In the beginning, I was unfamiliar with the this research project, we aim to evaluate body control using Research Experiment: concept of absement. To integrals, or the converse of derivatives To evaluate the effectiveness of the absement ab roller, we effectively utilize it, I had would like to conduct a two sample experiment in which we Absement = ∫ Displacement to understand what it is Figure 5: The MannFit Board and its divide athletes into two groups: those who train muscle control Using absement, we aim to invent training devices that measure and exactly how it works. use of a smartphone as a measuring tool using our integral kinematics equipment and those who train for absement was the primary inspiration athletes’ absement levels and train maximization of body control. for my invention using normal equipment

2. Brainstorm BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE Data Analysis: After learning about A 95% Confidence Interval will be used to estimate whether absement, I decided to Absement is the integral of displacement, or how long one can there is a true mean difference between the two groups of athletes build an ab roller to assist hold oneself in a position. This body control is essential in athletes. Then, I numerous athletic events, such as: A Two-Sample t-test of ɑ = 0.05 will be conducted to developed prototypes of determine if there is a true mean difference between the two my ab roller. Figure 6: Prototype of Ab Roller The challenge in prototyping the ab roller groups as well. was finding a place to fit the phone

3. Design Publication: 3D printing was used to If our invention proves to be effective in enhancing muscle Figure 1: Gymnast requires Figure 2: Michael Jordan’s Figure 3: Weightlifters build the ab roller, control, then we may look to bring it to the market and publish muscle control to balance hang time demonstrates how require immense muscle because it maximizes the delicately on balance beam basketball players need muscle control due to straining our findings. control to contort in mid air positions for lengths of time efficiency of its production. To 3D print, a Health Benefits of Body Control blueprint needed to be Figure 7: CAD Drawing of Ab Roller ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS / REFERENCES - Increased efficiency in ATP consumption designed. Professor Mann and I collaborated on the 3D printing blueprint via the Fusion360 design Special Thanks to Professor Mann, Ms. Merchant, Dr. Choe, Ms. - Decreased risk of bone fractures software - Strengthened immune system Durquet, Michael Zhang, Daniel Zhu, and others who made this - Augmented muscle mass 4. Code research project possible. - Higher resting metabolic rate The MannFit app Figure 4: MannFit Ring Work Cited System measures how long calculates absement in the Bradley, Daniel. "Why Is Muscle Endurance Important?" LIVESTRONG.COM. Leaf Group, 10 Sept. one can hold a position and ab roller to provide the 2015. Web. 12 Dec. 2016. use absement to train the user with feedback. To Fazeli, Sarah. "How Endurance Strength Training Can Benefit Your Health / Fitness / Strength Significance of Research core muscles Training." / Fitness / Strength Training. Fitday Editor, n.d. Web. 17 Dec. 2016. In the past, body control has always been trained based on finalize the mechanism, Janzen, Ryan, and Steve Mann. "Actergy as a Reflex Performance Metric: Integral-kinematics Applications." 2014 IEEE Games Media Entertainment (2014): n. pag. Eyetap.org. University of Toronto, 2014. Web. 8 Oct. 2016. qualitative feedback. Using absement, body control is quantifiable the source code was edited Figure 8: MannFit App Source Code. Janzen, Ryan, and Steve Mann. "Hydraulophone Design Considerations: Absement, Displacement, The MannFit app is able to calculate motion in for the first time. With more precise feedback, specific training to measure the ab roller’s Eyetap.org numerous mechanisms. I needed to edit the code and Velocity-Sensitive Music Keyboard in Which Each Key Is a Water Jet." (n.d.): n. pag. . University of Toronto, 2006. Web. regimes centered around absement can enhance body control. movement to calculate to calculate motion in my ab roller. 8 Oct. 2016. absement.