Historic Marker Dedication Awards Ceremony and Luncheon

PORT OF MIAMI Miami’s waterfront location has played a critical role in its history. In 1895, landowners Julia Tuttle and William and Mary Brickell persuaded Henry Flagler to extend his Florida East Coast Railroad south and build a port city. Flagler’s first passenger train reached Miami in 1896, and the city of 300 residents was then incorporated. In this area, Flagler dredged a 12 - foot channel in 1897 and began regular passenger service between Miami and Key West. Flagler’s Peninsular and Occidental (P&O) Steamship Company later began the first regular shipping service between Miami, Granada, and Nassau. In the post- World War II boom. Miami’s geographic proximity as on of the closest U.S. ports to the Caribbean and South America, the city’s transportation and international trade pioneers, and its connection with global commerce, have made it the “Cruise Capital of the World” and “Cargo Gateway of the Americas.” The port accommodates the largest cruise ships in the world, and is one of an elite group of international ports that cater to both cruise ships and containerized cargo vessels. A FLORIDA HERITAGE LANDMARK SPONSORED BY FLORIDA EAST COST INDUSTRIES FLORIDA EAST COST RAILWAY, FOREIGN AFFAIRS CENTER, INC. F-818 AND THE FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF STATE 2014

September 4, 2014 Miami, Florida IDEAS THAT MOVE THE WORLD.

FLAGLER GLOBAL LOGISTICS

Innovative thinking has powered the companies of Florida East Coast Industries ever since our founder, Henry Flagler, led the development of Florida’s east coast. Today at Flagler Global Logistics we offer a full suite of logistics services and real estate solutions. We help companies across the globe manage their supply chains, including perishables to transportation to Foreign Trade Zones to real estate development. Most important, we provide the world-class innovation and thinking to keep you ahead of your competition. Flagler Global Logistics. Ideas That Move The World.

FLAGLER INDUSTRIES GLOBAL LOGISTICS

WHERE VISION MEETS TRADITION

WWW.FECI.COM

Program Remarks Closing Awards Pioneer Florida AwardsSpecial Recognition Program Awards Address Keynote ofSpeaker Introduction Recognition Sponsor Luncheon Guests ofDistinguished Introduction Welcome Remarks ofAllegiance Pledge The Master ofCeremonies Miami, Historic Saint Augustine and the Florida Miami, Augustine Saint andtheFlorida Trust. Historic of on theBoard oftheUniversity oftheboard. aschair years and two serves currently She completed 18 months as Acting Gables Museum Coral Director of the new and Chief Curator ofthe chair TrustVizcaya Board. Advisory recently She ofMiamiPlanning andtheCity appointment totheFederal Preservation. Councilon Historic Advisory Locally, sheispast- ofMiami andCity Women’s ofFlorida named totheState ofFame Hall andheldapresidential ofMiami. andtheUniversity wasalso She ofFlorida byboththeUniversity Achievement andbeingnamedanAlumnae ofOutstanding University from doctorate Barry an honorary receiving including honored and heradvocacy hasbeenwidely forbothherscholarship She through hercompany CentennialPress. history alsopublisheslocal She up witharchitects, ofprojects. designerson avariety plannersandinterior ofherleadership.because ParksThrough Arva &Company, sheteams landmarks been preserved have Florida and many South preservationist tomorehas contributed thana20 others. isanindefatigablehistoric She books, MiamitheMagicCity, including thecity’s officialhistory, and years. award-winning documentaries; istheauthorofseveral eight She formore than40 city aboutherfavorite been researching andwriting Ms. Parks, withamaster’s aMiaminative degree inhistory, has Arva MooreParks Representing Florida’s 24thCongressional District Secretary, FloridaDepartmentofTransportation President &CEOForeign AffairsCenter, Inc. Miami DadeBoardofCountyCommisioners President, FloridaForeign Trade Association Vice Chair, Commissioner, District8 Honorable Frederica Wilson FDOT, DistrictSixSecretary Honorable Lynda Bell Karema Tyms-Harris Arva ParksMcCabe Ananth Prasad,P.E. Gus Pego,P.E. Ralph Puga Florida Pioneer Award Recipients She is Carole Ann Taylor – Entreprenuer Carole Ann Taylor dutyand travel the for in business been has retail free Taylor Ann Carole State and local governments. a career in Federal, years 25 following over retail Go, To Go and Little Havana To and CEO of Miami She is President a and “LittleHavana,” Airport International at Miami stores in Miami’s and Taylor . Ms. brand www.culturestogo.com culture partner retail in the online and she is Inc., serves of publicly-traded Holdings, the board on Perfumania Visitors and Executive Convention Miami Bureau a member of the Greater Black Hospitality Initiative and She is chair of the Bureau’s Committee. She also serves various committee. on boards as Director Tourism Heritage and Viernes Arts; Culturales, including the Arsht Center for the Performing Women 50 Top 2011 was named a company Her Alliance. The Little Havana Merchant Led Business in Florida She is a Institute and University by the Commonwealth of Miami. Small for the Southern recipient of the U.S. Region former Minority Retail FirmYear of the Business Administration. Judge Henderson – Founder, International International Judge Henderson – Founder, #1416 Association Longshoremen’s unpopular in the State were In 1936 labor unions of Florida and in Dade and drive to the with a foresight uncommon Judge Henderson, County. encouraged $1.75 each ten men to invest to apply for a charter in the area, by provided The investment Association. Longshoremen’s International since it represented substantial sum, and the co-founders was a Henderson Dade days, In those parton the for five hours of work the pay of each man. country, in the paid longshoremen County the lowest dock were workers Receiving the ILA and nothing for overtime. 35 cents an hour receiving for able to obtain a contract providing were the longshoremen 1936, Charter in November raisehour per cent 5 a overtimeand after ratethe at hour. per cent 10 of work of hours ten the local formed by these union an effectiveBesides becoming collective bargaining group, branched Henderson Judge of leadership and guidance the other under into pioneers Negro Port of Miami labor for the Local #1416 has provided fields of civic and social enlightenment. for nearly 80 years. Henry Morrison Flagler – The Father Of The Port Henry Morrison Flagler first passenger train 1896 the of On AprilFlorida 22, East Coast Railway, (State of Florida, Archives Florida Miami. reached by Flagler, owned Flagler a 12-foot deep channel into the harbor dredged Mr. 1896). Memory, Cape Floridafrom He also of twenty-thousand to Miami at a cost dollars. began to advertise for tourists and coined the Hotel, Palm built the Royal cityThe incorporatedwas July on 28, Miami.” of Port the “Watch phrase HenryFlagler 1896. not only in the development an integral played role of a modern Miami seaport but also an important part in the development work, for the first dredging He provided of the maritime trade in Miami. west with that of Florida’s his shipping company he merged and in 1900, of the Peninsular led to the creation Henry union This Bradley mogul, coast railroad Plant. which new built the port property Flagler’s on and Occidental (P&O) Steamship Company, between 6th and 9th Streets Biscayne on Bay. Julia DeForest Tuttle was born in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1848. Ohio, was born in Cleveland, Tuttle Julia DeForest Julia Deforest Tuttle – The Mother of Miami of – The Mother Tuttle Deforest Julia recognized as the only female founder of a major U.S. city. Mrs. Tuttle Tuttle Mrs. city. recognized as the only femaleof a major U.S. founder to southern Floridamoved of land several and purchased acres hundred neverwould without area this that Realizing prosper River. Miami the near she began her crusade of persuade and attract to the interest access via rail, south along to extend his railroad Henry Morrison Flagler, builder, railroad Miami. as the today known settlement coast to the frost-free east Florida’s port a great city that Miami would become foresight and the Tuttle’s Mrs. center of trade United States for the with the Americas accurate. proved Pioneers of International Trade and Transportation on industry. thecuttingedgeof floral The family’s second generation hastaken over theresponsibilities ofkeeping thecorporation Freight Armellini Services, Brokerage, AirExpress, Armellini Storage. OnSite andArmellini Inc. encompasses many businesses: Express Armellini Lines, Inc., J.A. Fresco Service., Flower service, Express Armellini Lines, Inc. continues toflourish. Today, Express Armellini Lines, anda reputationthe position trucks. forprompt, ofall afleet of150trucks With quality boxes and promote aircirculation, topinpoint tracking andwasalsothefirsttousesatellite trailers, pressure to tosplitthetrailer relieve wasthefirsttousewoodendecking on theflower tothedesignoffirstcontributed “flower specific” unitsfor refrigeration transportation; infloral he beenattheforefront technology always ofnew ofFlorida’sheart flower growing regionyears later. ten tothe headquarters hauling product andmoved outofFlorida, itscorporate area. addedNewEnglandtoitsservice In1953,trucks began Armellini first business, Express Armellini Lines, prospered.Soon, fleetof asmall Through hard work andacommitment tocustomer satisfaction, their City. astheirterminal. abarn andutilized withone truck started They flowersVineland, fromPhiladelphia and into New Jersey New York In 1945, Jules “Toots” begantransporting Sarah andhiswife Armellini Jules Armellini–Trucking inMiami. Award awardedAchievement aLifetime person ever He wastheonly bytheIndustry Brokerage Association, Club, amemberof the Whitehall andothersbothinNYMiami. exporter. markets for the American new active, While A.P. Chester was a director for the Ship fortheirtimes. were revolutionary trade, shipsbuiltinthelate70s fortheirAmazon late 60sandwiththe3USFlag andwhich account. totheirlines,charters forlong term 8 shipswere and8shipsfortheir builtspecifically own companies, andotherbusinessassociatedwiththesea. stevedoring ship management, shipownership, liner cargo thenownership of several moving intoshipsalesbrokerage,gradually shipchartering, lineragency, Arenas,to faroffplaceslikeChinaandPunta consulting and doingmarine A.P.Chester wastheC.E.O. ofthecompany. delivered days ships Inearly Industries. Marine underAmerican consolidating over 15corporations 1953 asChester, &Roder, Blackburn Inc. of founding partner W.R. &Co. Blackburn P.Alvin inNew Chesterwas born York in1916. Mr. Chesterwasa Clyde AlvinP. Chester–Ocean Atlantic andthePacific, andaround theworld. andAfrica Latin America to air travel. Three later, years across the service inaugurated jettransports theseAmerican-built world. In1955, Trippe wasthefirsttoplaceorders forthebigjetsthat have revolutionized the fightingfronts, andin1942a Pan Am planemadethefirst commercial flight aroundthe World War to menand materiel Pacific II, wasestablishedacross theSouth carry to service mail, passengersandcargo. Two tofar-offAustralia. service laterheinaugurated years During 1935, Juan Trippe a majorocean,over air service was the first toinaugurate the Pacific, for weather reporting, on-attendants, board navigatorsandcabin andmultiple flightcrews. In forrailroads,in connecting service useofmulti-engine landplanes, two-way radios, and flag.the American andpioneeredSouth America Heexpandedthe and route intoCentral under Fokker international airservice toinaugurate fortheCaribbean took offfrom Florida andCuba. later, Ayear Florida airline, between operated initially which in1927, atri-motor all World War Ipilots, resigned andfoundedPan thefirstinternational Airways, American bythestockholders.but wasoverruled Trippe andhisassociates, nearly In 1926 Trippe soughttoextendColonial tothewestandCaribbean was awarded thefirstdomestic airmail route bythe Government.Federal Colonial Air Transport asitsfirstmanagingdirector. andserved Colonial in1923. the In1924hehelpedorganize IslandAirways founded Long WorldDuring War I he first joinedan investment banking firm. Then, he business. inthedomestic airtransport began hiscareerinaviation initially Juan Terry Trippe inSeabright, wasborn NewJersey, June27, 1899. Trippe Juan Terry Trippe –Airline sophisticated The company pioneered Pan shipsinthe automationvery firstwiththe pioneeredThe businesswasmostly asthecompany created The company grewultimately, which was incorporated in wasincorporated which Jules Armellini has Jules Armellini About

Ted Arison – Cruise A family tradition in shipping helped Ted Arison gain the experience that would place him in the forefront of modern, post-war passenger cruising. In the early 1950’s, the Dizengoff firm was sold to Zim Lines and Arison operated his own fleet of cargo ships under Panamanian and Honduran flags. A depressed market, which reached its low point after the Korean War, convinced him to give up shipping entirely, and he liquidated his operation to move to the United States. Arison and Knut Kloster negotiated agreements that brought the Sunward to Miami, and thus was begun Norwegian Caribbean Lines. The company later initiated the first packaged air fare and cruise combinations which are a staple of today’s industry. Kloster and Arison parted company in 1972 and, almost immediately, Arison entered into the financial arrangement which resulted in the acquisition of the Mardi Gras and the start of Carnival Cruise Lines. He retired as Chairman of Carnival Cruise Lines in late 1990, and from the company’s Board of Directors in 1991. He continued to serve as a special consultant overseeing Carnival Corporation’s $4 billion shipbuilding program. In December of 1990, Arison reclaimed his Israeli citizenship, Pioneer Award Recipients returning to his birthplace, Tel Aviv. Since moving back to Israel, he invested in several industrial business there and maintained a very active role in many Israeli charities. In 2001, Arison was inducted posthumously into the Florida Tourism Hall of Fame.

International Trade Hall of Fame Success Stories

PIONEER AWARD

As a Leader, Trailblazer, and Innovator you have shown others the way. We will be forever grateful!

Jose I. Aguirre Ramon R. Espino † Ricardo Madan † Francisco Rey † Juan Alemany † Antonio D. Esquivel Alberto J. Mariño L. Frank Reyes Rafael Almaguer Aurelio Estrada Jorge Marquet Liz Reyes Manuel Alonso † Jose C. Estrada Osvaldo Marrero Albert Ribas Eric L. Andrews Roberto Faith Enrique (Henry) Martinez Jean Rich † Angelo A. Annunziato Ben Federico † Ricardo Martinez Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker † Al Arango Jose A. Fernandez † Jorge A. Martinez, Jr. † Jorge Robinson † Frank Arevalo Tim Fernandez † Enrique Armando Martinez, Sr. † Alfonso Robles † Jorge C. Arias † Phillip J. Ferrari Rose Mary McHenry-Williams † Eugene Rodriguez † Micky Arison Thomas E. Flynn † Charles F. McKay † Jorge L. & Diana Rodriguez Ted Arison † Susanne Fontana Alberto Menacho Mario Rodriguez Jules Armellini † Nelly E. Fresnedo Manuel A. Mencia Mary Lou Rodriguez Jose Astigarraga, Sr. † Charlotte Gallogly Tony Menendez, Sr. † Roman Rodriguez Charles Austin † Maeby Garcia Fernando D. Mieres Vicente Rodriguez † Eduardo Bacallao † Charles H. Garrido Cheri Miller Enrique & Amanda Ros George T. Baker † L. Rafael & Mercedes Gazitua † Esteban Miranda F. "Frank" A. Rovirosa, Sr. † Ernesto Bascuas † John Gazitua Louis Mobilia Frank L. Rovirosa George E. Batchelor † Ralph Luis Gazitua Ana Molina-Diaz Jorge P. Rovirosa John Batista Terry Gega Captain Jordan Monocandillos Emilio, Sr. † & Isilda Ruiz Wade M. Battles Rene Gonzalez † Oscar Moreno † Santiago Sablon, Jr. † Amparo (Anne) Becker Mariano Gonzalez † Ramon S. Moro † Max Salvador † Sol Benson Amado E. Gonzalez Carlos R. Murciano Carlo E. Sanchez Elsa Blanco Lou Gosertman † Rolando Napoles Gilbert Lee Sandler Brian C. Blomquist Vernon M. Gray Adrian Naranjo † Alberto Santalo Robert Bovo Emilio Grenet Jose M. Naranjo Enrique Schmidt Peter Cajigal Peter Hanley Salvador Nistal † Charles A."Chuck" Schwarz, Jr. Hector Calderon Alberto P. Herreros Lewis A. Nixon, Jr. Manuel A. Sedano † Antonio M. Calleja William M. (Bill) Higgins † Lorenzo Novela † Joseph R. Smith Argimiro Eric Calzado H. Wayne Hill † Julio Oliva † Jorge A. Soberon † Juan A. Cambo Leonore Hoffner Carlos I. Orizondo Manuel Sola, Jr. John H. Cassidy Annette Hyder August Paluzzi David Sowers Gustavo Castaneda † Eduardo Jaen † Dewey Parker Bill Spohrer Rafael † & Maiky Cervera Arturo Jauregui † Rolando Pasquis † Art Stephenson Arthur B. Chalk † Frank Jimenez † Jorge A. Pedraza † Julio Suarez † Alvin P. Chester † Robert L. Keller Jack Penson Harvey D. Sykes William J. Clarke Manny Laca, Sr. † Roberto A. Perez Edmundo Torner Jack Creed † Alberto Lahens Jose Perez-Jaume Tony Torres Martin O'Neal Cruce † Guillermo A. Lara-Oliva Jose Perez-Jones Thomas G. Travis Raquel Grist Curbelo † James A. "Jim" Laria Rudy Pineda Juan Terry Trippe † Felix de Armas † German Leiva Hector M. Ponte Jose A. Urrutia † Ralph de la Rosa † Mario Leon Ricardo C. Puente Juan S. Vazquez Jose Maria de la Torre † Gerald Lesnik Rafael Puga Eric A. Vega Alberto L. de Rojas, Sr. Cesareo Llano † Donald Thomas Quinn Nilo E. Villena, Sr. Jorge R. de Tuya Jose "Pepe" Lluhi, Sr. † Amalia Quintero George W.B. Whiting Oscar C. de Tuya, Jr. Claudio Lopez † Fred Ramirez Araceli (Angie) Wright Oscar C. de Tuya, Sr. † Mary Lozano-Mendez Eric Rath † Olga N. Zacarias Octavio "Tony" Descalzo † Jose Maria Machin † Albert J. Redelhammer

The Vision It will not be many years hence when Miami will be the most important port on the Atlantic Coast in the South. The time will come when the harbor and its approach will be dredged to a depth that will allow the deep sea-going vessels to anchor. Not only will this bring in the coastwise steamers, whose captains will cast longing eyes toward Miami as they pass, but the South American vessels will finally ply between their home ports, and Miami will become the great center of the South American trade. Vessels from all ports of the world will call at Miami, making Miami the greatest commercial center in all the southland. This may seem far-fetched to you, but as surely as the sun rises and sets all of this will come true.

Julia D. Tuttle —1896

Special Thanks to our Partners Port ofMiami Terminal Company Operating (POMTAC) Beatrice Louissant, South Florida Minority Supplier Supplier Minority Louissant, Florida Beatrice South Nominations andAwards Committee International Longshoremen’s Association #1416 Arva ParksArva McCabe, Parks Arva &Company International Longshoremen’s Association Desmond Alufohai, MiamiDadeCounty Manuel Mencia, Enterprise Florida Inc. Manuel Mencia, Florida Enterprise (South Atlantic & Gulf Coast District) Atlantic &Gulf (South Eller ITO Stevedoring Company ITO Stevedoring Eller United Stevedoring ofAmerica United Stevedoring Debra Owens,Debra PortMiami Development Council Development Armellini Logistics Armellini Port Partners Seaboard Marine Seaboard Esqivel FamilyEsqivel Sea FreighSea Corporate and Government Sponsors Florida East Coast Industries Sponsors and Elected Officials Florida East Coast Railway Foreign Affairs Center, Inc. Florida Foreign Trade Association Florida Department of Transportation Florida Department of State Elected Officials Honorable Frederica Wilson Representing Florida’s 24th Congressional District Miami-Dade County Board of Commissioners With Special Thanks to: Honorable Lynda Bell Vice Chair, District 8 Honorable Bruno Barriero Commissioner, District 5 The Florida Department of Transportation Ananth Prasad - Secretary Gus Pego - District Six Secretary PortMiami Juan Kuryla, Director Richard DeVillers, Assistant to the Director Debra Owens, Associate Director, Governmental Affairs Eric Olafson, Manager, Cargo Dev./ Foreign Trade Zones Elizabeth Ogden, Director, Facilities Engineering With Thanks To Arva Parks McCabe, Renowned Historian and Author Florida Department of State and the State Historic Marker Council Members Michael Zimny Dr. Valerie Jean Conner Dr. Richard Estabrook Mr. Jose Miranda n the 16th Century, Spanish explorers discovered a village of Tequesta Indians near the site of today’s PortMiami. The village may have been as much as two thousand years Iold. In 1567, the Spanish built a mission on the site in their unsuccessful attempts to overpower the Tequesta. Spain was forced to cede the area to England in 1821. Later, the United States took over Florida from Spain and they built Fort Dallas as a base for fighting the Seminole Wars. At this time, a few European settlers began to move into the area. (World Port Source, 2014)

In early 1895, it was reported that homesteader Julia Tuttle sent her legendary orange blossoms to railroad builder Henry Morrison Flagler in hopes of attracting his interest to the frost-free settlement known today as the Miami area. As additional encouragement, Tuttle along with William and Mary Brickell, the Florida East Coast Canal and Transportation Company, and the Boston and Florida Atlantic Coast Land Company, each offered Flagler extensive parcels of land if he would extend his railroad further south to Miami, construct a water works plant, and provide for some other civic improvements.

On April 22, 1896 the first passenger train of Florida East Coast Railway, owned by Flagler, reached Miami. (State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory, 1896). Flagler dredged a 12-foot deep channel into the harbor from Cape Florida to Miami at a cost of twenty-thousand dollars. He also built the Royal Palm Hotel, began to advertise for tourists and coined the phrase “Watch the Port of Miami.” The city was incorporated on July 28, 1896.

Despite Flagler’s dredging efforts (this channel is still in use today) regular steamship service did not begin until May 21, 1897, when he obtained The City of Key West and The Miami. This service ran only between Miami and the deep water port of Key West. The first of these ships,The City of Key West, required more than 12 feet of water and was forced to anchor a mile away from Miami. Her passengers and cargo were then tendered to shore because of the shallow depth of the bay. (Chapman, 1993)

Henry Flagler not only played an integral role in the development of a modern Miami seaport but also an important part in the development of the maritime trade in Miami. He provided for the first dredging work, and in 1900, he merged his shipping company with that of Florida’s west coast railroad mogul, Henry Bradley Plant. This union led to the creation of the Peninsular and Occidental (P&O) Steamship Company, which built the new port on Flagler’s property between 6th and 9th Streets on Biscayne Bay. Moreover, at a later date, the P&O instituted the first regular shipping service between Miami, Granada, and Nassau.

The port experienced fairly steady growth with sudden spurts due to completion of various construction projects. Another growth spurt occurred in 1912 when the Florida East Coast Railway Company completed two 25-foot-wide finger piers and re-dredged the channel to a depth of 18 feet, leading to their property on Biscayne Boulevard and Sixth Street.

After Flagler’s death in 1913, the City of Miami realized the importance and value of possessing a seaport. The city therefore purchased the Flagler (or FEC Site as it was commonly referred to), and soon a number of plans were created to provide for future growth. Almost immediately some citizens began to actively campaign to relocate the port, free the existing site for commercial or park development,

Port and Transportation History Port and Transportation eliminate traffic congestion, and beautify the area. (Chapman, 1993) Port and Transportation History In the 1960s and 1970s, many Latin many American In the 1960s and 1970s, immigrants flowed into the city. Miami gained gained Miami a city. the into immigrantsflowed began to arrivelarge Cuban community as refugees on Flights afterFreedom the Cuban Revolution led by in Cuba is growing unrest In the 1980s, Fidel Castro. and the Mariel boatlifts bring 125,000 additional some cityThe reputationgained a also has to Miami. refugees 1990s, the In illegalthe for hub a being for drug trade. and several near two million, population Dade County’s incidents of violence against tourists discouraged people by the late 1990s, However, visiting the city. from to the city returning touristsits were and enjoying In the 1940s, World War II had interrupted the new growth in Miami. A postwar boom II had interrupted the new in Miami. growth War World In the 1940s, the commercial envisioned a British Jamaican, Leslie Fraser, F. the 1940s, the end of At 1946 to 1956 the port operated It was during under authority of the CityFrom Miami. of Also, in 1913, E.G. Sewell, brings the first airplane to Miami. He convinces pioneer aviator pioneer He convinces brings airplane the first Sewell, Miami. to E.G. in 1913, Also, Miami’s location is viewed as a great asset for rapid growth. Miami offers the closest U.S. Miami offers the closestU.S. location is viewed asset for rapid growth. as a great Miami’s of passengers the number in cargo handling, increase to this tremendous In addition begins by 1946 as veterans who trained in Miami decide to return to live. Between 1940 and begins by 1946 as veterans to live. who trained in Miami decide to return transforms A hotel building boom Miami Beach in the 1950s. doubles. 1950 the population of Americans. for millions a vacation destination Miami is becoming his concentrated Fraser vision, of man A cruises 14-day of possibilities Caribbean. the in cruises 12- and 14-day to various Caribbean efforts Islands. marketing popularizing on 10-, in the industry Known as a idea was unenthusiastic. to this creative the response Unfortunately, in the firm 1950s. in the late interest sold his Fraser man far ahead of his time, this period that the modern cruise the P&O Company industry In January 1947, was born. the Indies with West the and Nassau, Havana, its cruise reinstated schedule between Miami, behind the decline One of the major reasons travel of passenger ship Florida. during S.S. the 1950s was the rising Steamship popularity operated under the companies of air travel. primarily for of travelsame concept airlines as the they had to go, people where did-they took The modern was not yet development of extended cruising and relaxation for pleasure business. 1993) (Chapman, venture. a realistic Glenn Curtiss to open a flying school. By the early 1920s, By the early CurtissGlenn open a flying to Florida and 1920s, school. underwenta land boom, short-termThe speculation estate real City of the the population than tripled. more of Miami By and natural stuck disaster 1926 hurricane when the came devastatedan end, to the area. The airline and Havana. West American Airways1927 Pan to fly mail between contracts Key American Clipper Pan point of departure for Latin America. Miami the U.S. will make soon its relentless takes Depression Great The In the 1930s, Seaplane docks Dinner Key. at Miami begins run A new by Eddie Rickenbacker, airline Eastern, named but all was not gloom. toll, servicethe first passenger between South North. Florida the and . (The Miami Herald, 1995) (The Miami Herald, Miami is 100 years old. 1996, On July 28, vibrant life. This port as well as the Eastern to the Caribbean coast of Africa. and most of Latin America, As importers for margin forwarders. profit freight and greater a locationadvantageous created naturala was increase there deliveryand transportationthe reduced were costs expedited, dates the general In 1960, This held especially true for that was being transshipped. cargo of profits. this impact had increased By 1979, impact to Dade Countycargo economic was $5,512,420. 2,757,374 tons and by 1981, processed, of cargo 411,170 tons were In 1960, by thirty-fold. It was also in 1981 that the port a quarter on embarked billion dollar expansion processed. were of Miami,” the Port “Watch historic again picked Flagler’s Marketers phrase, up on project. slogan. using it as a major promotional portthe 1976-the in 1,029,687 and passengers 136,275 processed 1960, In well. as increased the number had By 1981, number of passengers ever in worldwidegreatest processed travel. (29) of one-third over this heavy passenger traffic, of as a result In 1982, to 1,567,709. increased of Miami. operating passenger ships sailed regularlythe world’s the Port from The port has encouraged the development of roll- on/roll-off cargo service and acted as a pioneer in this field. Because of this pioneering action, by 1983, the Port of Miami led all U.S. ports in RO/RO cargo. Consequently, the Port of Miami did not have to rely on the Florida economy for success, as much of the processed cargo originated elsewhere. This was especially true for transshipped containers. By 1983, 36 modem trailer ships (they also carry containers) called Miami home.

The economic importance of this very rapid growth is not limited to maritime operations alone. It includes related enterprises such as hotels, restaurants, trucking and handling of food, related travel, etc. This economic ripple effect was pegged in 1981 at a value of $1.76 billion. In 1986 the figure was $3.1 billion and in 1991 the figure increased to $5.27 billion. The growth and development of the port remains unprecedented. Restricted from further eastward expansion due to the Fisher Island development the port has turned its sites back to its beginnings, back to Flagler’s Biscayne Boulevard site. In any case, one statement is worth remembering today: “Watch the Port of Miami.” (Chapman, 1993)

Today, Miami is a recognized international center for banking, finance, business services, commerce, and manufacturing. Manufactured goods include clothing, medical equipment and pharmaceuticals, metal products, and printing. In addition to a wide range of international cargoes, PortMiami is the world leader in the cruise ship industry. Miami International Airport handles cargo and millions of passengers traveling between the North America, the Caribbean, and Latin America. Miami is also an international center for the entertainment industry, with many film, television, music, fashion, and performing arts events throughout the year. (Miami Downtown Development Authority, Highlights Report)

PortMiami is currently only accessible by car via a six lane bridge known as the Port Boulevard causeway, which terminates on the city streets of downtown. When the damaged tracks of the FEC freight line are repaired, Tri-Rail may run a passenger train service to the port. Additionally, to give the port direct interstate access and to help relieve downtown traffic, work is in progress on a state-of-the art tunnel project to connect the port to I-395 on Watson Island via the Port of Miami Tunnel which is due for completion in May 2014.

In preparation for the opening of the expanded Panama Canal in 2015, PortMiami has taken delivery of four new Super Post-Panamax cranes to handle the new generation of super- sized container cargo vessels that will begin passing through the Canal less than two years from now. With the arrival of the four new gantry cranes, PortMiami has a total of 13 cranes, six which are Super Post-Panamax with a reach of 22 containers versus 13 containers on the older and smaller cranes. The new cranes are among $2 billion in capital improvements currently underway at PortMiami. Other on-going infrastructure projects include the deepening of the Port’s main channel to -50/52 feet, new on- dock rail and the completion of the port tunnel that will allow PortMiami to welcome a new generation of larger container vessels. (Miami- Port and Transportation History Port and Transportation Dade Government - Port Authority, 2014) FEC_PioneersWalk-FPAd.pdf 1 8/27/14 3:17 PM

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