Appendix 1: Risks and Opportunities

Appendix 1: Risks and opportunities

Protected sites

Feature habitat and associated Distribution Importance: Related Policies and Legislation Sensitivity to WCS hazards Water resources (water abstraction) Flood risk management species International, Site name (*detailed in Table xx) European, National, Local Major water abstraction from the River Thorpe Malsor and Cransley Reservoirs are proposed to be used as flood storage reservoirs. Nene at Wansford. Wansford is located downstream of the study area. River Ise up to the Slade Brook/River Ise confluence will have higher water levels during flood events and will flood more All rivers within the study area are often compared to the present situation (no properties are considered to be at risk). classified as 'No Water Available' by the Environment Agency. Swanspool Brook and Harrowden will have lower water levels during flood events compared to the present situation because of the proprosed storage areas. t x e t The section of the River Ise from the River Ise/Slade Brook confluence to the River Nene/River Ise confluence will have n

o similar flows to the present sitution becase the proposed storage areas on Slade Brook will offset the higher flows from C the previous section of the River Ise.

The section of the River Nene from the River Nene/River Ise confluence will experience discharges from the developments near to the River Nene during a flood event. This is because it is intended to get water from these developments down the River Nene as soon as possible before the Northampton flood water reaches this section of the River Nene. The water from the developements however creates a lower 'first peak' of water before the 'main peak' of water from Northampton. The specific water levels of this 'first peak' are not known.

Standing open water - lakes and River Nene floodplain (gravel pits from Northampton to Network of gravel pits (supports birds UK BAP habitat; LBAP habitat Change in hydrology The major consented water Increased flooding along River Ise up to Slade Brook/River Ise confluence would mean there is a risk that the few lakes margins habitat north Thrapston), localised areas along River Ise, of international importance), abstraction for potable water is from in the floodplain of the River Ise within this section of the river will be flooded more often resulting in the risk to Willow Brook and Slade Brook. Thorpe Malsor, Sywell Numerous CWSs* I Decrease in water quality the River Nene at Wansford. The associated bird species on the margins of the water should the flood event coincide with breeding season and Cransley Reservoirs. water is then pumped to Rutland

s Physical loss of habitat, & Water, approximately 16km north- Risk of damage to habitats / species (notably breeding birds) along the River Nene corridor resulting from very high 'first n i

g Birds (waterfowl and breeding birds Upper Nene Gravel Pits RAMSAR; Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Priority UK west. Consented water abstraction will peak' flood flows associated with urban runoff. The Upper Nene Valley Gravel Pits Ramsar/SPA includes breeding bird

r disturbance a assemblages, and wintering waterbird Upper Nene Gravel Pits SPA; Upper BAP species (northern lapwing only); EC Birds Directive have taken into account the Nene assemblages of lowland open waters and their margins. Additionally, breeding lapwing, snipe and redshank are m

d species including golden plover, Nene Gravel Pits SSSI 79/409/EEC Annex 1 Species (golden plover, smew, CAMS and its conclusions on the associated with floodplain grazing marsh within this corridor. If flooding were to occur during the breeding season then n

a northern lapwing, mute swan, gadwall, ferrugionous duck and great northern diver ) availability of water. Therefore, there is a risk to these species.

s increased abstraction within e grey herons, smew, ferruginous duck, k

a salovonian grebe, great nortern diver) consented limits will not present a Increased water levels in Thorpe Malsor and Cransley Reservoirs has the risk of affecting associated bird species on l

significant increase in risk. the margins of the water and surrounding grassland should the flood event coincide with breeding season. r e t a w

n I e p o

g n i d n a t S

Rivers and Streams habitat River Nene, River Ise, Willow Brook, Slade Brook, River Ise and Meadows SSSI; Priority UK BAP habitat (Rivers); LBAP habitat Change in channel morphology The major consented water Risk of increased flooding of the River Ise and its floodplain up to Slade Brook/River Ise confluence in flood events. Swanspool Brook, Harrowsden Brook, Harpers Brook Wadenhoe Marsh and Achurch N abstraction for potable water is from Grayling, which have been recorded on the identified section of the River Ise, require fast flowing water (to obtain good meadow SSSI; Numerous CWSs* Decrease in water quality the River Nene at Wansford. The levels of oxygen) and good water quality. The increased flooding is not likely to decrease water quality or the flow rate water is then pumped to Rutland and is not considered to present a significant risk. The increased flooding frequency may result in a risk of increased Mammals (Water vole and otter) Harrowden Brook, Swanspool Brook, River Nene, Stanwell Stream CWS Bern Convention; Habitats Directive; Wildlife and Change in hydrology Water, approximately 16km north- disturbance to water vole populations as their bankside habitats are flooded more often. River Ise, Willow Brook L Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Priority UK BAP west. Consented water abstraction will Species; LBAP Species Physical loss of habitat have taken into account the Nene Risk of damage to river geomorphology along the River Nene and wash-out of fish and other spceies resulting from very Fish (Eel, spined loach, bullhead, Individual records on River Ise, River Nene and Willow River Ise and Meadows SSSI (grayling Bern Convention; Habitats Directive; Priority UK BAP CAMS and its conclusions on the high 'first peak' flood flows associated with urban runoff. brown trout, grayling, barbel, chub, Brook only) N Species (brown trout, eel and spined loach only) availability of water. Therefore, dace) increased abstraction within The reduction of water levels during flood events may benefit the population of water voles recorded on Swanspool Invertebrates (including White-clawed River Ise (Rushton) River Ise and Meadows SSSI Bern Convention; Habitats Directive; Wildlife and consented limits will not present a Brook and Harrowden Brook by reducing disturbance from flooding, especially during vulnerable times of the year when s crayfish, freshwater pea mussel) Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Priority UK BAP significant increase in risk. water voles are dormant in the winter and breeding (March and October). m N

a Species (white clawed crayfish and freshwater pea mussel); e r t LBAP Species (white clawed crayfish) The proposed flood storage areas on Slade Brook and Willow Brook can be designed in order to provide opportunities for habitat creation. S

d Birds (reed bunting, sedge warbler, River Ise Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); UK BAP n a whitethroat, marsh til, kingfisher) Priority species (reed bunting and marsh tit); EC Birds s r

e Directive 79/409/EEC Annex 1 Species (kingfisher) v i

R Reptiles (inc grass snake) Widespread distribution along Harpers Brook, Slade Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Bern Brook, River Nene and River Ise corridors Convention; Priority UK BAP Species Flora (Black poplar, common club Two records - one on River Nene, one on River Ise River Ise and Meadows SSSI LBAP Species (black poplar) rush, great pond sedge, broad leaved (Black poplar), River Ise, River Nene pondweed, spiked water milfoil, unbranched bur reed) N

t Wet Woodland habitat (including wet Scattered distribution because all woodland included Upper Nene Gravel Pits SSSI; Priority UK BAP habitat; LBAP habitat Change in hydrology The major consented water Possible increased flood damage risk to habitats along River Nene corridor from 'first peak' from development e ash-maple woodland) in GIS layer. Likely to be scattered along River Nene Wadenhoe Marsh and Achurch abstraction for potable water is from discharges into River Nene during flood events. w

) g

d corridor. Gravel pits. meadow SSSI; Pipewell SSSI; Alder Decrease in water quality the River Nene at Wansford. The n

n N i a d Wood and Meadow SSSI water is then pumped to Rutland l u d l Water, approximately 16km north-

o Flood defence works c o n i west. Consented water abstraction will ( w

d e Otter River Nene, River Ise, Willow Brook Bern Convention; Habitats Directive; Wildlife and have taken into account the Nene

l Physical loss of habitat n p a Countryside Act 1981; Priority UK BAP Species; LBAP l CAMS and its conclusions on the a d

m Species o availability of water. Therefore, - o h

s increased abstraction within W a t consented limits will not present a e

W significant increase in risk. Marshy grassland (floodplain grazing River Nene and River Ise corridors Titchmarsh Meadow SSSI; Wadenhoe Priority UK BAP habitat; LBAP habitat Change in hydrology The major consented water Possible increased flood damage risk to habitats along River Nene corridor from 'first peak' from development

g marsh) habitat Marsh and Achurch meadow SSSI; abstraction for potable water is from discharges into River Nene during flood events. n i

z Southfield Farm Marsh SSSI; River Ise N Flood defence works the River Nene at Wansford. The a r and Meadows SSSI; Numerous water is then pumped to Rutland g

n CWSs* Physical loss of habitat Water, approximately 16km north- i a l Otter River Nene, River Ise, Willow Brook Bern Convention; Habitats Directive; Wildlife and west. Consented water abstraction will p d Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Priority UK BAP Disturbance to fauna have taken into account the Nene o ) o h

l Species; LBAP Species CAMS and its conclusions on the f s ( r Birds (Breeding eg northern lapwing, Wadenhoe Marsh and Achurch Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Priority UK availability of water. Therefore, a d n m redshank, sky lark and snipe; wildfowl Meadow SSSI; Titchmash Meadow BAP species (northern lapwing and sky lark) increased abstraction within a l s eg coot, moorhen, tufted duk, SSSI consented limits will not present a s a goosanders, widegeon, goldeneye, significant increase in risk. r g tufted duck, blue winged teal, gadwall, N y h pochard) s r a M

Reed bed and swamp habitat River Nene and River Ise corridors Southfield Farm Marsh SSSI; Priority UK BAP habitats; LBAP habitats Change in hydrology The major consented water Possible increased flood damage risk to habitats along River Nene corridor from 'first peak' from development Numerous CWSs* abstraction for potable water is from discharges into River Nene during flood events. N Decrease in water quality the River Nene at Wansford. The p water is then pumped to Rutland m a Water, approximately 16km north-

w Excessive flooding s Birds (wintering bittern) River Nene corridor Upper Nene Gravel Pits SPA Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); Priority UK west. Consented water abstraction will d

n BAP species a Physical loss of habitat have taken into account the Nene

d CAMS and its conclusions on the e b

availability of water. Therefore, d E e increased abstraction within e

R consented limits will not present a significant increase in risk.

Ditch habitat Localised area of River Ise (not mapped). Likely to be Tailby Meadow CWS Change in hydrology The major consented water Potential for water quality issues from 'first flush' effect from all developments. Water cycle strategy recommends that all present throughout whole of study area. abstraction for potable water is from SUDS for all developments are designed to prevent risk of 'first flush' effect. Physical loss of habitat the River Nene at Wansford. The water is then pumped to Rutland Water, approximately 16km north-

s west. Consented water abstraction will e h

c L have taken into account the Nene t i CAMS and its conclusions on the D availability of water. Therefore, increased abstraction within consented limits will not present a significant increase in risk.

Fen habitat One small area along River Ise and two areas along Priority UK BAP habitat Change in hydrology The major consented water Area of fen habitat on River Ise will receive unchanged water flows to present situation. River Nene abstraction for potable water is from Physical loss of habitat the River Nene at Wansford. The Possible increased flood damage risk to habitats along River Nene corridor from 'first peak' from development water is then pumped to Rutland discharges into River Nene during flood events. Water, approximately 16km north- west. Consented water abstraction will n

e have taken into account the Nene F CAMS and its conclusions on the availability of water. Therefore, increased abstraction within consented limits will not present a significant increase in risk.

Pond habitat River Ise and River Nene and Alledge Brook corridors Twywell Gullet SSSI; Barnwell Country Prioirity UK BAP habitat; LBAP habitat Change in hydrology The major consented water Potential for water quality issues from 'first flush' effect from all developments. Water cycle strategy recommends that all (not mapped) Park CWS; Corby Old Quarry Ponds abstraction for potable water is from SUDS for all developments are designed to prevent risk of 'first flush' effect. CWS; Finedon Quarry and Disused N Decrease in water quality the River Nene at Wansford. The Railway CWS; Irchester Country Park water is then pumped to Rutland CWS Physical loss of habitat Water, approximately 16km north- west. Consented water abstraction will Great crested newt Scattered distribution Habitats Directive, Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as have taken into account the Nene amended), Bern Convention; Priority UK BAP species CAMS and its conclusions on the s

d availability of water. Therefore, n

o Aquatic Invertebrates (need specific River Ise, River Nene River Ise and Meadows SSSI increased abstraction within

P N species) consented limits will not present a Palmate newt Scattered distribution Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended); LBAP significant increase in risk. Species

Key

I International Importance

E European Importance

N National Importance

L Local Importance Waste water treatment Sewerage infrastructure Development footprint (direct) Risk Opportunities

Increase in discharge from the waste water treatment works (from increased New sewer, Kettering Orbital Sewer, proposed from Kettering East devolopment) into the River Nene has the potentail to increase low flows levels to Broadholme STW. in the river by ~10%. Minor sewer network and recommendations for pipe Even with increased development and subsequent increase in volume of improvements and new pipes not considered during this risk treated water, the waste water treatment works will still discharge to their assessment as it is assumed these will be considered at a local consented water quality standards. This should therefore mean there is no level by Anglian Water. decrease in current water quality

Waste water not discharged into any open water habitat. Considering the close proximity of Kettering Orbital Sewer enters Open water habitat and mosaics of surrounding wetland habitats Flood risk management: Flood risk management: Broadholme STW to the Upper Nene Gravel Pits SPA/RAMSAR located within the Upper Nene Gravel Pits SSSI (potential Reservoirs used for flood storage and risk of changes to existing Proposed flood storage areas along Willow Brook in Corby, potential boundary, there may be a risk of habitat loss from the sewer SPA/Ramsar) are within the footprint of the Wellingborough East habitats such as marginal habitats. habitat creation opportunities. footprint. development area. This creates a potential risk of direct habitat loss and resulting impacts to associated species such as breeding Lakes along River Ise and River flooded more often which is a On-site flood attenuation at Wellingborough East, Wellingborough North bird and waterbird assemblages, wintering waterbird species, and risk to nesting birds if flooding occurs during breeding season. West and Kettering East developments provides habitat creation fish o p p o r t u n i t i e s . Sewerage infrastructure: Kettering Orbital sewer runs north of, but in close proximity to Waste water treatment: SPA/Ramsar. Risk of habitat loss and disturbance to bird Opportnuities could be taken to bring about improvements in water quality populations. by upgrading WWTW, which could improve numbers and distribution of species. (Water Framework Directive implementation will be likely to result Development footprint: in more stringent water quality standards and discharge consents in the Wellingborough East development boundary encroaches on future). SPA, potential for habitat loss; Development footprint: Open water and grazing marsh habitats are located within the footprints of the Wellingborough East and East Northants development areas. Careful design of these development areas, such as the management of water, could be used to increase the quality and extent of these habitats.

The River Nene suffers from low flows and associated problems with poor Not located within Kettering Orbital Sewer footprint. Willow Brook runs through Wellingborough East development, Flood risk management: Flood risk management: dilution of treated effluent during the summer months (ref CAMS). The increase Horrowden Brook runs through Corby East and West Increased flooding of River Ise up to Slade Brook confluence River restoration - restore natural flow of river e.g. removal of flood and in discharge from the waste water treatment works (from increased developments and Harrowden Brook runs through Wellingborough and increased 'first peak' of River Nene both create a risk of navigational structures devolopment) into the River Nene has the potentail to increase low flows by North West development. Risk of habitat loss and subsequent flooding out water voles more frequently than present flooding ~10% . risks to water vole populations along Willow Brook. frequency. Increase in River Nene and River Ise flows to increase habitat and species distribution. Broadholme currently does not discharge at its full consented volume and there Waste water treatment: is a risk that receiving water quality could change if the full consented volume is Nutrient (and contaminant) load discharged from Broadholme Possible increases in flooding along the River Nene from ‘first peak’ and taken up. A decrease in water quality in the River Nene may be a risk to WWTW will increase with increased flow, but will still be within along the River Ise up to the River Ise/Slade Brook confluence could be species sensitive to water quality that are present within the vicinity of currently consented limits. beneficial to existing riparian wetland habitats by increasing water Broadholme. However, accepting that the existing consent will have taken availability, resulting in increased quality of these habitats. account of the receiving water's assimilation capacity, any deterioration in Potential increase of ~10% in flows under low flow conditions in water quality can be considered not to be significant. River Nene will comprise treated sewage effluent, which has Swanspool Brook and Harrowden Brook will have less water during flood some potential to exacerbate existing water quality concerns, event than present situation. This will reduce the risk if water vole Much of the Nene catchment is of good or very good biological water quality with risks for aquatic invertebrates, fish and aquatic plants. populations present in these areas being washed out in flood event. stauts (NeneCAMS). However, there are issues with biological water quality of Indirect benfits to water voles, Harrowden Brook and tributaries of Willow Brook. otters and reptiles. The proposed flood storage areas on Slade Brook and Willow Brook can be designed in order to provide opportunities for habitat creation Development footprint: Wellingborough East, Corby East, Corby West and Waste water treatment: Wellingborough North West developments - potential for habitat Potential increase of ~10% in flows under low flow conditions in River Nene loss; Potential for disturbance to water voles present within has the potential to reduce associated hydromorphological issues in Wellingborough North West devlopment area summer, benefitting aquatic invertebrates, fish and aquatic plants. Indirect benfits to water voles, otters and reptiles.

Increase in flows from increased development, and subsequent increase in Not located within Kettering Orbital Sewer footprint. Not located within the footprint of any proposed development No residual risks identififed Flood risk management: River Nene low flows, not likely to change hydrology of wet woodland habitat. areas Increased flooding along River Ise up to River Ise/Slade Brook confluence for wet woodland creation. Flood alleviation on all sites up to 1 in 30yr flood event and 1 in 100year flood events for Wellingborough East, Wellingborough North West and Kettering East developments could provide habitat creation opportunities.

Possible increased flooding along River Nene from 'first Peak' is likely to be beneficial to wet woodland habitats. Increase in flows from increased development, and subsequent increase in Not located within Kettering Orbital Sewer footprint. Wellingborough East development boundary encroaches on Flood risk management: Flood risk management: River Nene low flows, not likely to change hydrology of marshy grassland floodplain grazing marsh habitat. Risk of habitat loss. Although, Possible increased flooding along River Nene from 'first peak' Increased flooding could potentially increase the extent of wet grassland habitat. restrictions on development within floodplain as stated in PPS 25. which is a risk to nesting birds if flooding occurs during breeding and marsh habitats within River Ise (up to River Ise/Slade Brook season; confluence) and River Nene corridors as well as within specifically Titchmarsh SSSI, Wadenhoe Marsh SSSI, River Ise and Meadows SSSI, Increased flooding along River Ise up to River Ise/Slade Brook Achurch Meadow SSSI and Southfield Farm Marsh SSSI. (Opportunities in confluence. the River Nene corridor will only exist if 'first peak' levels are high enough.)

Development footprint: Development footprint: Wellingborough East development boundary encroaches on Open water and grazing marsh habitats are located within the footprints of SPA/Ramsar, potential for habitat loss; the Wellingborough East and East Northants development areas. Careful design of these development areas, such as the management of water, could be used to increase the quality and extent of these habitats.

Increase in flows from increased development, and subsequent increase in Not located within Kettering Orbital Sewer footprint. Not located within the footprint of any proposed development Flood risk management: Flood risk management: River Nene low flows, not likely to change hydrology of habitats areas Possible increased flooding along River Nene from 'first peak' Increased flooding could potentially increase the extent of reedbed, swamp which is a risk to nesting birds if flooding occurs during breeding and mire habitats within River Ise (up to the River Ise/ Slade Brook season confluence) and River Nene corridors including within Southfield Farm Marsh SSSI. (Opportunities in the River Nene corridor will only exist if 'first peak' levels are high enough.)

Adjacent to East Northants development areas, possibility of habitat creation to increase habitat extent. Flood alleviation on all sites up to 1 in 30yr flood event and 1 in 100year flood events for Wellingborough East, Wellingborough North West and Kettering East developments could provide habitat creation opportunities.

Water from Raunds waste water treatments works discharge into ditch habitats Unable to determine if ditches under footprint of Kettering Orbital Likely habitat is present within all development areas. Risk of Waste water treatment: Flood risk management: prior to entering River Nene. Higher flows from waste water treatment may Sewer footprint. No significant ditches identified under provisional habitat loss Water levels from Raunds waste water treatment works could Flood attenuation required on all development sites for 1 in 30yr flood result in habitat changes. However, no significant ditches have been identified footprint of sewer. 'flood out' ditch habitats leading to loss of species and habitats events, possible habitat creation opportunities. Opportunities for habitat in this area specifically. depending on level of higher flow. enhancement and creation within all development areas through flood attentuation e.g. allowing ditches to be wet rather than dry through SUDS design.

Waste water not discharged into ponds. Water quality issues unlikely Unable to determine if ponds under footprint of Kettering Orbital Ponds not mapped so could be present on all development areas. Development footprint: Flood risk management: Sewer footprint. Risk of habitat loss. Potential habitat loss from development footprints leading to Flood attenuation required on all development sites for 1 in 30yr flood risks to aquatic invertebrates; amphibians (inc great crested events, possible habitat creation opportunities. Opportunities for habitat newts if present), fish. enhancement and creation within all development areas through flood attentuation e.g. creating new pond / wetland complexes.

Development footprints: Terrestrial and aquatic habitat restoration and/or creation e.g. ponds. Opportunities for habitat enhancement and creation within all development areas e.g. through SUDS design.