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Mineral Resources of the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico

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Mineral Resources of the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico Mineral Resources of the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico U.S. GEOLOGICALSURVEY BULLETIN 1735-F ~'0gSg$pP^fe^>r * ' ;** -** *».. ^-*w -wr- V' ' .^n ***"--" -- , P^* 5^ **>,, " ' '-'*>,,- -r AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the cur­ rent-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Sur­ vey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List." Publications that are listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" are no longer available. Prices of reports released to the open files are given in the listing "U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports," updated month­ ly, which is for sale in microfiche from the U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports Section, Federal Center, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications of general in­ Books of the U.S. Geological Survey are available over the terest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single copies of Earthquakes counter at the following Geological Survey Public Inquiries Offices, all & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Epicenters, and some mis­ of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of Documents: cellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are obtainable by mail from WASHINGTON, D.C.-Main Interior Bldg., 2600 corridor, 18th and CSts.,NW. U.S. Geological Survey, Books and Open-File Reports DENVER, Colorado-Federal Bldg., Rm. 169,1961 Stout St. Federal Center, Box 25425 LOS ANGELES, California-Federal Eldg., Rm. 7638,300 N. Denver, CO 80225 Los Angeles St. MENLO PARK, California-Bldg. 3 (Stop 533), Rm. 3128, Subscriptions to periodicals (Earthquakes & Volcanoes and 345 Middlefield Rd. Preliminary Determination of Epicenters) can be obtained ONLY from RESTON, Virginia-503 National Center, Rm. 1C402,12201 the Sunrise Valley Dr. SALT LAKE CITY, Utah-Federal Bldg., Rm. 8105,125 Superintendent of Documents South State St. Government Printing Office SAN FRANCISCO, California-Customhouse, Rm. 504,555 Washington, D.C. 20402 Battery St. SPOKANE, Washington-U.S. Courthouse, Rm. 678, West (Check or money order must be payable to Superintendent of Docu­ 920 Riverside Ave.. ments.) ANCHORAGE, Alaska~Rm. 101,4230 University Dr. ANCHORAGE, Alaska-Federal Bldg, Rm. E-146, 701 C St. Maps For maps, address mail orders to U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Maps Federal Center, Box 25286 Maps may be purchased over the counter at the U.S. Geologi­ Denver, CO 80225 cal Survey offices where books are sold (all addresses in above list) and at the following Geological Survey offices: Residents of Alaska may order maps from ROLLA, Missouri-1400 Independence Rd. Alaska Distribution Section, U.S. Geological Survey, DENVER, Colorado-Map Distribution, Bldg. 810, Federal New Federal Building - Box 12 Center 101 Twelfth Ave., Fairbanks, AK 99701 FAIRBANKS, Alaska-New Federal Bldg., 101 Twelfth Ave. Chapter F Mineral Resources of the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico by WILLIAM E. BROOKS, JERRY R. HASSEMER, JOSEPH S. DUVAL, and WILLIAM F. HANNA U.S. Geological Survey DAVID C. SCOTT U.S. Bureau of Mines U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1735 MINERAL RESOURCES OF WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS- SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MANUEL LUJAN, JR., Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1989 For sale by the Books and Open-File Reports Section U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center Box 25425 Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mineral resources of the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico. (Mineral resources of wilderness study areas southwestern New Mexico ; ch. F) (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1735) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:1735-F 1. Mines and mineral resources New Mexico Cowboy Spring Wilderness. 2. Cowboy Spring Wilderness (N.M.) I. Brooks, William E. II. Series. III. Series: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1735. QE75.B9 no. 1735-F 557.3 S [553'.09789'693] 88-607944 [TN24.N6] STUDIES RELATED TO WILDERNESS Bureau of Land Management Wilderness Study Areas The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct mineral surveys on certain areas to determine the mineral values, if any, that may be present. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a mineral survey of a part of the Cowboy Spring (NM-030-007) Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico. CONTENTS Abstract Fl Summary Fl Character and Setting Fl Identified Mineral Resources Fl Mineral Resource Potential Fl Introduction F2 Investigations by the U.S. Bureau of Mines F3 Investigations by the U.S. Geological Survey F3 Appraisal of Identified Resources F3 Mining and Mineral-exploration History F3 Assessment of Potential for Undiscovered Resources F3 Geology F3 Geochemistry F6 Introduction F6 Analytical Methods F6 Results F6 Geophysics F7 Aerial Gamma-ray Spectroscopy F7 Gravity and Magnetic Data F8 Mineral and Energy Resources F9 Metals F9 Fluorspar F9 Oil and Gas F9 Geothermal Energy F9 Recommendations for Future Work F9 References Cited F9 Appendix F13 FIGURES 1. Summary and index map F2 2. Geologic map F4 3. Bouguer gravity anomaly map F8 4. Aeromagnetic anomaly map F8 Contents MINERAL RESOURCES OF WILDERNESS STUDY AREAS-SOUTHWESTERN NEW MEXICO Mineral Resources of the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area, Hidalgo County, New Mexico By William E. Brooks, Jerry R. Hassemer, Joseph S. Duval, and William F. Hanna U.S. Geological Survey David C. Scott U.S. Bureau of Mines ABSTRACT area and four-wheel-drive roads and trails within the study area. Elevations range from 4,920 ft (feet) in the eastern part The Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area of the study area to 6,601 ft at Elephant Butte. (NM-030-007) is in the Animas Mountains in Hidalgo Cretaceous to Quaternary (see geologic time chart in County, southwestern New Mexico. The 6,699-acre study Appendix) sedimentary rocks that include sandstone, area is about 15 mi (miles) north of the international border limestone, and conglomerate are exposed just north of the between the United States and Mexico. This area is sparsely study area and in a small area in the eastern part of the study populated and access to the study area is by light-duty roads area. Tertiary volcanic rocks are the chief rock types exposed leading to the study area and four-wheel-drive roads and in the study area. One of the rock units that is widely trails within the study area. 'distributed in the Animas Mountains and south of the study No identified mineral resources, mines, prospects, area may be as thick as 3,000 ft. These rocks are associated mineralized areas, or mineral resources were found within with a large volcanic structure known as the Cowboy Rim the study area. Evaluation of geologic mapping, geophysical cauldron. studies, and a reconnaissance stream-sediment geochemi- cal survey indicate that the mineral resource potential for Identified Mineral Resources undiscovered metals, fluorspar, oil and gas, and geothermal energy in the Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area is low. No mineral resources were identified nor were any mines, prospects, or mineralized areas found within the SUMMARY study area. However, modest amounts of silver, gold, copper, and fluorrte were reported to have been produced Character and Setting from the Gillespie mine, approximately 1.5 mi northwest of The Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area the study area, and silver and lead were produced from the (NM-030-007) is in Hidalgo County in southwestern New Red Hill mine, approximately 4 mi northeast of the study Mexico, about 15 mi north of the border between the United area. The mineralized rock formations at the Gillespie mine States and Mexico (fig. 1). At the request of the U.S. Bureau and the Red Hill mine do not crop out in the study area. of Land Management, the 6,699-acre Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area was examined. For convenience, this Mineral Resource Potential area is referred to in this report as the "study area." The study Results of a stream-sediment geochemical survey area is accessible by light-duty roads leading to the study yielded no evidence to indicate exposed mineralized rock in the study area. Similarly, a uniform gravity gradient and a low aeromagnetic gradient within the study area indicate little Manuscript approved for publication December 16, 1988 likelihood of the kinds of concealed structures that could be Cowboy Spring Wilderness Study Area F1 108°45' 108°30' Analyses of rock-chip and stream-sediment samples indicate no anomalous concentrations of metals. Red Hill mine The mineral resource potential for undiscovered fluor­ spar is low because of the absence of favorable host rock.
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