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The Anatomy of the Diastemal Palate in Microtine Rodents

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The Anatomy of the Diastemal Palate in Microtine Rodents MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, NO. 86 The Anatomy of the Diastemal Palate in Microtine Rodents BY WILBUR B. QUAY ANN ARBOR UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PRESS November 12, 1954 PRICE LIST OF THE MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Address inquiries to the Director of the Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan Bound in Paper No. 1. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Specimens of Dragonflies for Museum Purposes. By E. B. Williamson. (1916) Pp. 15, 3 figures .................. $0.25 No. 2. An Annotated List of the Odonata of Indiana. By E. B. Williamson. (1917) Pp. 12, lmap .................................................... $0.25 No. 3. A Collecting Trip to Colombia, South America. By E. B. Williamson. (1918) Pp. 24 (Out of print) No. 4. Contributions to the Botany of Michigan. By C. K. Dodge. (1918) Pp. 14 ......... $0.25 No. 5. 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Fresh-Water Fishes Collected in British Honduras and Guatemala. By Carl L. Hubbs. (1935) Pp. 22, 4 plates, 1 map. .............................. $0.25 No. 29. A Contribution to a Knowledge of the Herpetology of a Portion of the Savanna Region of Central Petbn, Guatemala. By L. C. Stuart. (1935) Pp. 56, 4 plates, 1 figure, lmap .................................................... $0.50 (CONTINLIED ON LAST PAGES) The publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, consist of two series -the Occasional Papers and the Miscellaneous Publications. Both series were founded by Dr. Bryant Walker, Mr. Bradshaw H. Swales, and Dr. W. W. Newcomb. The Occasional Papers, publication of which was begun in 1913, serve as a medium for original papers based principally upon the col- lections of the Museum. The papers are issued separately to libraries and specialists, and, when a sufficient number of pages has been printed to make a volume, a title page, table of contents, and index are supplied to libraries and individuals on the mailing list for the entire series. The Miscellaneous Publications, which include papers on field and museum techniques, monographic studies, and other contributions not within the scope of the Occasional Papers, are published separately, and as it is not intended they will be grouped into volumes, each num- ber has a title page and, when necessary, a table of contents. MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, NO. 86 The Anatomy of the Diastemal Palate in Microtine Rodents BY WILBUR B. QUAY ANN ARBOR UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PRESS November 12, 1954 CONTENTS Page Introduction ...................................... 5 Materials and Methods ............................ 6 List of Species and Subspecies ....................... 7 Surface Features ................................... 9 General Description .............................. 9 Characteristics of Genera and Species ................... 11 Functional and Evolutionary Significance .................. 17 Osteological Features ................................. 20 Relative Length of the Diastemal Palate .................. 22 Incisive (Anterior Palatine) Foramina .................... 24 Premaxillary and Interpremaxillary Nutritive Foramina .......... 32 Circulatory Features ................................. 33 Arterial System ................................ 33 Venous System ................................ 35 Comparisons with Other Microtines ..................... 37 Significance of Vessels in the Palatine Foramina ............. 38 Summary and Conclusions .............................. 39 Literature Cited .................................... 40 ILLUSTRATIONS Plates (Plates I-IV follow page 41) Plate I. The diastemal palate and incisive foramina of adult microtines. 11. The diastemal palate and incisive foramina of microtines. III. The diastemal palate and incisive foramina of adult microtines. IV. The diastemal palate and incisive foramina of three aquatic microtines. Figures in the Text Figure Page 1. The diastemal palate in six microtine genera, viewed from below. ..... 14 2. The diastemal palate in six microtine species, viewed from below ..... 16 3. Correlation between alveolobasilar length and condylobasilar length in six species ................................. 2 1 4. Species differences in the relative increase of the diastemal part of the palate. ................................. 23 5. The anteroposterior position of the anterior edge of the incisive foramina . 24 6. The anteroposterior position of the premaxillary-maxillary suture of the incisive foramina. ........................... 25 7. The anteroposterior position of the posterior edge of the incisive foramina 26 8. The length of the incisive foramina and the lengths of their premaxillary and maxillary regions. ............................ 28 9. The length of the incisive foramina and the lengths of their premaxillary and maxillary regions. ............................ 29 10. The width of the incisive foramina ...................... 30 11. The arterial system of the diasternal palate in the muskrat (Ondatra z. zibethica) ............................. 34 12. The venous system of the diastemal palate in the muskrat (Ondatra z. zibethica) ............................. 36 THE ANATOMY OF THE DIASTEMAL PALATE IN MICROTINE RODENTS* INTRODUCTION THE diastemal palate is that part of the palate which lies between the in- cisors and the molariform teeth. Its variations are striking within the rodents of the subfamily Microtinae and raise questions concerning anatom- ical relations, functions, and ontogenetic and phylogenetic trends. The variations here noted are primarily of two sorts: (1) variations in the sur- face structures and (2) variations in the foramina
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