20202 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE July 25, 1967
IN THE ARMY Brig. Gen. Edward Harleston deSaussure, Major Gen. Woodrow Wllsocn Vaughan, The following-named o1ficers for temporary Jr., 023790, Army of the United States (colo 023004, Army of the United States (colonel, appointment in the Army of the United nel, U.S. Army). U.S. Army). States to the grade indicated under the pro Brig. Gen. William Merle Fondren, 032481, Brig. Gen. Thomas Henderson Scott, Jr., visions of title 10, United States Code, sec U.S. Army. 023030, Army of the United States (colonel, tions 3442 and 3447: Brig. Gen. Ph1llip Buford Davidson, Jr., U.S. Army). 021969, U.S. Army. Brig. Gen. Gilbert Hume Woodward, 023102 To be major generals Brig. Gen. Leonard Burbank Taylor, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. Glenn David Walker, 033282, 083589, Army of the United States (lieu Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. tenant colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Osmund Alfred Leahy, 023106, Army). Brig. Gen. Gilbert Hume Woodward, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. John Russell Deane, Jr., 024835, 023102, Army of the United States (colonel, Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Roland Merrlll Gleszer, 023278, Army). Brig. Gen. Charles McNeal Mount, Jr., Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. . Brig. Gen. Donald Harry Cowles, 035735, 021849, Army of the United States (colonel, Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Charles Thompson Horner, Jr., Army). Brig. Gen. Charles Martin Gettys, 044181, 023530, Army of the United States (colonel, Brig. Gen. Charles Marsden Duke, 021753, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. U.S. Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Lloyd Brinkley Ramsey, 023553, Army). Brig. Gen. Walter MacRae Vann, 021812, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. Roland Merrill Gleszer, 023278, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Henry Alfred Rasmussen, 040502, Army). Brig. Gen. James Joseph Gibbons, 025355, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. Walter Ph111p Leber, 025130, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Maj. Gen. Paul Francis Smith, 033169, Army). Brig. Gen. Henry Alfred Rasmussen, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. John Scarborough Hughes, 040502, Army of the United States (colonel, Army). 034271, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Maj. Gen. Keith Lincoln Ware, 033181, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Leonidas George Gave.las, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. George Marlon Seignious, II, 031569, U.S. Army. Army). 047226, Army of the United States (lieuten Brig. Gen. John Clifton Dalrymple, 031509, Maj. Gen. Raymond Chandler Conroy, ant colonel, U.S. Army). U.S. Army. 033276, Army of the United States (colonel, Brig. Gen. Howard Francis Schiltz, 038956, The following-named omcer for appoint U.S. Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. ment in the Regular Army of the United Brig. Gen. Glenn David Walker, 033282, Army). States to the grade indicated, under the Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. Wendell John Coats, 022964, provisions of title 10, United States Code, Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. sections 3284 and 3306: Maj. Gen. Melvin Zais, 033471, Army of the Army). To be brigadier generals United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Walter Martin Higgins, Jr., Maj. Gen. W1lliam Charles Gribble, Jr., 021987, U.S. Army. Brig. Gen. Howard Francis Schiltz, 038956, 023695, Army of the United States (colonel Brig. Gen. Vemon Anthony Walters, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. U.S. Army). 01284614, Army of the United States ( colo Army). Maj. Gen. George Phlllp Seneff, Jr., 023738, nel, U.S. Army Reserve). Brig. Gen. Charles Marsden Duke, 021753, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. Samuel William Koster, 024873, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Maj. Gen. Edward Leon Rowny, 023744, Army). Brig. Gen. Robert Mabry Williams, 021801, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. William Albert Becker, 024267, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Edward Harleston deSaussure, Army). Brig. Gen. Walter MacRae Vann, 021812, Jr., 023790, Army of the United States Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. (colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Paul Alfred Feyereisen, 039089, Army). Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Brig. Gen. Charles McNeal Mount, Jr., Maj. Gen. John Norton, 023858, Army of Army). 021849, Army of the United States (colonel, the United States (colonel, U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. Livingston Nelson Taylor, U.S. Army). Maj. General George Bibb Pickett, Jr., 021853, U.S. Army. Brig. Gen. Charles Martin Gettys, 044181, 023932, Army of the United States (colonel, Brig. Gen. Charles Thompson Homer, Jr., Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. U.S. Army). 023530, Army of the United States (colonel, Army). U.S. Army). Brig. Gen. David Stuart Parker, 022907, Brig. Gen. Roger Merrill Lilly, 021924, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. CONFIRMATION United States Army. Army). Executive nomination confirmed by Brig. Gen. Lloyd Brinkley Ramsey, 023553, Brig. Gen. Wendell John Coats, 022964, Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. the Senate July 25, 1967: Army). Army). NATIONAL MEDIATION Bo.ARD Brig. Gen. Robert Charles Forbes, 024511, Brig. Gen. Raymond Leroy Shoemaker, Jr., Leverett Edwards, of Oklahoma, to be a Army of the United States (colonel, U.S. 022978, Army of the United States (colonel, member of the National Mediation Board for Army). U.S. Army). the term expiring July 1, 1970.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Pythian Boys Camp in Glen Spey, N.Y. sector of society as well as by Govern race, creed, and color take part in a well ment to develop programs that w111 bring planned, supervised camping program EXTENSION OF REMARKS new hope into the lives of the disadvan every summer. OJ' taged. The camp otfers wholesome recrea There are many organizations from tional, athletic, and cultural programs HON. FRANK J. BRASCO coast to coast that are concentrating for deprived boys who might otherwise OF NEW YORK their efforts among young people, as they be forced to spend the summer months IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES recognize full well that the youth of in idleness on hot city streets. today must assume positions of responsi The success of this camp has been due Tuesday, July 25, 1967 bility tomorrow. in great measure to the able leadership Mr. BRASCO. Mr. Speaker, all of us One such organization is the 87,000- of William Goldfine, the president of the are deeply concerned over the strife that member Grand Lodge of the Knights of camp's board of managers, and A. Mar has been evident in underprivileged sec Pythias, which for the past 26 years had tin Lerner, grand chancellor of the tions of many cities this summer. It is provided free 3-week camping vacations grand lodge, men of vision who recog unfortunate that the turbulence that has for underprivileged boys at its Pythian nize the importance of instilling in stricken these cities has tended to ob Camp in Glen Spey, N.Y. Here, on a 250- campers an understanding of the value scure continuing efforts by the private acre site, more than 1,000 boys of every of teamwork and good sportsmanship. July 25, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - -SENATE 20203 Perhaps the most unique aspect of the all joined our colleague, the gentleman dent and banker-has never requested Pythian Camp philosophy is the desire to from Arkansas, Congressman Oren Har any support for its activities. The theater encourage every boy to recognize the ris, who was chairman of the Interstate has carried on its operations with a lim ability and the finer qualities of his play Commerce Committee at the time, in pre ited budget obtained from only one mates. This is in line with the guiding venting the Federal Communications source, the box office. In light of the principle at Pythian Camp, a "sound Commission from issuing similar orders Rockefeller Foundation report on the mind in a sound body." requiring the word "poison" and a draw performing arts, in which it is carefully To properly understand the contribu ing of crossbones to be placed on every noted that almost none of the arts in tions made by Pythian Camp, we must package of cigarettes. stitutions in the country are able to sup remember that childhood is a time when Again I want to state that I am Port themselves by box office receipts the fundamental ideas of tolerance and astounded and surprised to learn that our alone and that they should not be ex fair play can be implanted. own Government is continuously trying pected to do so, I certainly believe that Pythian Camp, therefore, offers an ob to block one of our main sources of this fine lady has done an amazing job ject lesson in democratic principles in revenue. of attaining a high degree of success in action, where all barriers of race, creed, a field where sta·omty, financial, and and color are nonexistent. otherwise, is the exception to the rule. The youngster returning home from Theater, Inc. As I said before, Theater, Inc., has a rewarding vacation at Pythian Camp never accepted, in behalf of the theater, does so with the realization that there EXTENSION OF REMARKS any public or private monies for any pur are people who care about him, about his OF pose. That was, however, before the fire future, and about the general well-being which destroyed the theater, and it has of his family. HON. GEORGE BUSH always been an accepted fact in their I therefore submit that we take cogni OF TEXAS planning program that should the the zance of the excellent work of the Py IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ater decide to expand its operation, it would be necessary to seek outside sup thian Camp, which is so typical of orga Tuesday, July 25, 1967 nizations that are doing so much to en port in order to accomplish this expan rich the Uves of the underprivileged. Mr. BUSH. Mr. Speaker, I think it is sion. I would certainly hope that others most appropriate at this time for the would benefit from Mrs. George's ex Congress to be cognizant of a particular perience in operating an organization lady and her theater in Texas in light of such as this. Her record ls worthy of Cigarette Advertising the fact that we are presently consider notice. ing amendments to the National Foun EXTENSION OF REMARKS dation for the Arts and Humanities Act of 1965. Animal Welfare: An International OF This lady ls Mrs. Johnny George, and Program HON. JOHN L. McMILLAN the institution, of which she ls perma OF SOUTH CAROLINA nent director, is Theater, Inc., of Hous EXTENSION OF REMARKS ton, Tex. For nearly 14 years now, she IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES has devoted all of her efforts as a pro OF Tuesday, July 25, 1967 f esslonal director of the performing arts HON. ED REINECKE Mr. McMILLAN. Mr. Speaker, I would to her theater in Houston. I think that OF CALIFORNIA like to associate my remarks with the it ls interesting to note that she has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES remarks made on the floor of the House never been paid a salary for her work by my colleague, the gentleman from nor has she requested one. In fact, Mrs. Tuesday, July 25, 1967 North carollna, Mr. HORACE KORNEGAY, George has refused many high-salaried, Mr. REINECKE. Mr. Speaker, it is in and several other leading Members of the executive Positions with national foun deed a pleasure for me to bring to the House of Representatives, concerning a dations, local and national institutions attention of the House of Representa ruling recently made by the Federal for the performing arts, and other tives information about a unique pro Communications Commission on ciga equally notable organizations in which gram of international relations being rette advertising. the creative and performing arts are launched by my good friend Mr. George I certainly want to commend the concerned. Crosier, general manager of the Los gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. A sad interlude in the gleaming his Angeles Society for the Prevention of KORNEGAY] for securing time for the tory of Theater, Inc., however, has oc Cruelty to Animals. Members to bring this lmpartant matter curred; the physical plant of the theater In just a few weeks Mr. Crosier will be to the attention of all the Members of was almost totally destroyed by a fire last embarking on an extended tour to the Congress. summer and Mrs. George was stricken by Far East. He will visit the Philippines, It ls rather difllcult to understand why cancer. Fortunately, this great lady has Formosa, India, Thailand, South Viet any Government agency would, at a time almost completely recovered from the op nam, Hong Kong, and Japan. when the country ls in dire need of addi eration necessary to arrest the disease. He will be meeting with leaders in gov tional funds, use its efforts to cut off one She ls, in cooperation with her fine board ernment, agriculture, animal sciences, of its main tax sources. of directors and members of the private business, and education to discuss this At the present time the Federal Gov community, planning to rebuild the unusual and pioneering program. ernment collects approximately $3 billion theater at a new location and, hopefully, The purpose of the international re in taxes from tobacco products; and, on she will have a totally modem plant in lations program of the Los Angeles SPCA the other hand, the Federal Government which she can continue her work in the ls to assist in the promotion of a better is spending several millions of dollars community. She is considered by many understanding of the basics in the animal annually in an effort to block this im to be the "first lady of Houston theater," welfare field, to aid and counsel with all portant source of revenue. and her endeavors in the past, with countries desirous of further developing Personally, I did not think the Federal their unique aspect of artistic and finan and expanding the standards in their Communications Commission had suffi cial success, are so widely applauded by particular countries as it relates to man cient authority, under the present law, to the community that I am sure that the agement, animal control and general require private enterprise to give free building and development program UPon welfare, and to further devise methods time to those who do not agree with the which the future of the theater depends, for a mutual understanding in developing advertisements which are paid for by the with appropriate support from all possi a worldwide program of general animal advertiser. ble sources, will be another success for welfare acceptable to all who participate I hope this matter can be thoroughly Mrs. George and her theater. in its development. investigated to see if the Federal Com It is also very interesting to note that The basics of such a program will be munications Commission has been Theater, Inc., under the wise and very developed in such a manner that they granted authority of this magnitude by businesslike management of Mrs. George wlll conform to Government rules and the Congress. and her husband, Lorraine M. George regulations covering the operation of It has only been a few years since we a Houston construction company presi- such a program on a voluntary basis. 20204 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE July 25, 1967 The world today has grown smaller due role in American history which none of Company H-one for their descendants to the jet age and with our rapid growth, us will ever forget. to inherit with pride. the animal welfare field must develop its Five decades ago, on the battlefield of The gallantry and valor they displayed cause on a unified basis in order that all France, they fought the war which, more was a source of inspiration and pride to countries interested in the field of ani than any other historical event, shaped the families and friends who greeted mal welfare will be able to work jointly this 20th century. them on their return. Every member of in a program of unification, making a In the summer and fall of 1918, each the company had brought distinction general animal program a mutual effort member of Company H, 3d Infantry, New upon the commwiity in which he lived, throughout the world. This effort can Jersey National Guard, offered his cowi but the members of the company did not only be accomplished by first studying try the greatest sacrifice a man can offer. rest upon their past record. From the and widerstanding problems existing in The men of Company H risked their lives, ranks of Company H came many of the other countries. and 25 gave their lives, to make the world business and political leaders of the shore We in the United States are expected safe for democracy-to preserve that area. The courage and dedication they to take the forward step in most phases which is at the heart of the American displayed on the battlefield was trans of government and social economics. way of life-liberty. ferred to combating problems which With the precedent already established, The beginnings of Company H are arose from a rapidly developing modern we are able to converse with people in fowid before the tum of the century. The society. other cowitries on all aspects of animal earliest seed of Company H was the Mc I am happy to have the opportunity to welfare with no fear of the implication Knight Rifles, the first semimilitary or commend to my colleagues this group of that we are trying to force our policies ganization in the city of Asbury Park, fine men. · or procedures on them. Such an animal N.J. Members of the group, in 1896, be welfare program will enjoy success in all came Company A, 3d Infantry, the first oowitries participating in its develop State wiit. The Hope for the Future ment, thereby elevating to a new high At the outbreak of the Spanish-Ameri the field of animal welfare throughout can War, Company A embarked for Sea EXTENSION OF REMARKS the world. Girt, N.J., to join the main regiment. OF The pilot program which Mr. Crosier These troop& reached Rome, Ga., when is developing will be accomplished by the war ended, and returned to Sandy HON. JOHN B. ANDERSON personal contact with leaders in various Hook, where they were mustered out in OF ILLINOIS countries. He will seek to encourage their February 1899. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES However, upon return to Asbury Park, interest in the animal welfare field. He Tuesday, July 25, 1967 will seek to discuss voluntary programs the men of Company A reorganized and within the existing laws of each took the name which they would garnish Mr. ANDERSON of Illinois. Mr. cowitry. The development of public edu with honor and fame: Company H, 3d Speaker, one of the larger gatherings cation programs, the training of tech Infantry, National Guard of New Jersey. during the Captive Nations Week just nical personnel, and the raising of funds In 1915, with Europe engulfed in a bit past was held in Kenosha, Wis., at St. for private action will be explored by ter and growing war, Company H began Therese's Park last Sunday, in celebra him in these meetings. He will seek to an era of vigorous military preparation. tion of Wisconsin's Lithuanian Day. Our develop basic standards for the trans The company .expanded. Between 1915 colleague who represents that congres portation of animals throughout the ·and 1917 recruiting was at its peak. In sional district, HENRY c. SCHADEBERG, de world with particular emphasis on wild those years it was the ambition of every livered the main address at the park, and exotic animals. youth of military age in the shore area and the text of his speech was very well George Crosier has been in close con to be a member of Company H. received. I would like to place Congress tact with officials of the U.S. Department As the flames of war raged in Europe, man's ScHADEBERG's remarks in the CON of Agriculture, with administrators of President Wilson tried vainly to lead the GRESSIONAL RECORD so that we may all the international AID program, and with belligerent nations to peace. However, benefit from them: the U.S. Department of State. He has German U-boat atrocities increased and THE HOPE FOR THE FuTURE received the endorsement of these people U.S. shipping was ravished on the At I want you to know that I deeply appre for his efforts. During a recent visit to lantic. Finally, after the sinking of the ciate the invitation you have extended to Washington, D.C., he conferred with the Lusitania with great loss of American me to share with you this occasion which appropriate officials in each of the em lives, on April 6, 1917, with the security g\ves me the opportunity to renew ~riend bassies of the nations he will be visiting. of the United States threatened, and ships and to touch base again· with that with liberty in Europe at stake, the segment of the people of the First District Their response to his ideas was enthu who through theti- own intimate experiences siastic. United States declared war on Germany. and those of loved ones have witness to make Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to report on Fifty years ago today, by order of the and a unique contribution to make to our this program, and wish to extend to·Mr. President of the United States, the men great land as we speak on behalf of freedom George Crosier the best wishes of myself of Company H left the armory in Asbury and its extension to all in the world. and my colleagues in this House. Park for Camp Edge, Sea Girt, for induc I'm sure that many of you here today of tion into Federal service. It was a proud Lithuanian birth or descent are familiar day for the citizens of the shore area wLth the· little prayer book entitled "Mary who turned out to bid their poys farewell. Save Us." For those of you who are un familiar with it, it is a small booklet of The SOth Anniversary of Company H, 3d The march · down Lake Avenue and prayers written by four young Lithuanian Cookman Avenue to the railroad station girls who were prhsoners in Northern Siberia. Infantry Regiment, New Jersey Na was the beginning of a journey that The booklet was smuggled out of Russia, tional Guard would end on the battlefield of France translated and printed here in the United for 25 -members of the comp{\.ny-a jour States. The prayers tell us a sad tale of four EXTENSION OF REMARKS ney which would leave many of the others young people far away from their homeland with the scars of war. who ask God's blessing on their families and OF their nation and for mercy for their captors. Following a training period and a sea Where these young ladies are today we do HON. JAMES J. HOWARD voyage aboard the Pastores and Wilhe not know. We do not even know if they are OF NEW JERSEY mina, the men of Company H arrived in still alive for the booklet is dated 1953. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES France. There, in a short time, they re Similar cases are known to many of you ceived their first casualties by poison here today. When one reads reports of the Tuesday, July 25, 1967 gas--a horror spared fighting men in Select Committee on Communist Aggression Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, it is in wars since then. In October 1918, the of the U.S. House of Representatives which deed a great honor-and a great pleas were issued in 1954, one's imagination is company suffered its heaviest casualties. staggered by the brutality inflicted on vast ure-for me to bring to the attention of I will not try to describe the battles Com numbers of human beings by the Communist my colleagues the 50th anniversary of pany H fought or try to name and list aggressors. Company H, 3d Infantry Regiment, New its heroes and the decorations they won. But I did not come here today to talk Jersey National Guard. This group of They have been inscribed on the pages about tragedy or to tell you what you already brave men, 50 years ago, played a central of history, a testament to the men of know. It is my purpose to instill hope by July 25, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 20205 recommending specific courses of action. human beings continue to languish in Com Radio Free Europe demonstrate what results The cause of returning to the victims of munist chains? can be achieved in the face of a discourag Communist enslavement their God-given You might ask, "O, what's the use? Didn't ing situation. rights is a moral and just cause and is cer those in the free world see the butchery of According to data assembled by Radio Free tainly worthy of our persevering efforts. Budapest in 1956 on film, in magazines and Europe, also included among the inmates of As many of you know, this year is the 50th newspapers. Haven't Congressional commit the Soviet camps are Czechs, Hungarians, Anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution. Al tees publicized the tragedies of the Katyn Germans, Russians, Latvians, Lithuanians, ready a concerted propaganda drive is under Forest, Vinnitsa, the Korean atrocities? These Estonians, Ukrainians, Finns, Jews, Bul way from Moscow to tell the world of its are a matter of record for all to see and garians, Rumanians, and Kulmuks. The fate fruits and benefits to mankind of the Octo if they wanted to believe it they would. of these peoples is certainly a matter of great ber Revolution of 1917. Two major state I certainly can't blame you if you are so concern at any time, but especially during ments, one on January 4 and the other on disheartened, for it would seem that many this 50th Anniversary year of the October June 25, have been issued by the Central have forgotten the history of the past fifty Revolution when the Soviet Union is claim Party of the Soviet Union extolling the great years. Let me suggest that the Communist ing credit for so many benefits to mankind. gains to humanity of the 50 years of Com practice the same policies the Nazi did-Tell This case is of special interest to me be munist progress. Listen to this excerpt from a lie often enough and the people w111 be cause in 1964 I submitted legislation, along the June 25 statement: lieve it. Let's you and me tell the truth often with other members of Congress, which "The strength of communism is inexhausti enough-repeat it and repeat it until the would instruct our Ambassador to the United ble, on its side is the truth of life. Only com people believe it for what it is-The Truth. Nations to seek to place on the agenda of the munism can solve the fundamental problems Let me briefly relate a case which I recently U.N. for consideration the issue of self-deter of social development, deliver mankind from learned about in which hope and persistent mination for the Captive Nations, including oppression and exploitation, from hunger action did pay off to a certain extent. mainland China and Cuba. Part of this legis and poverty, from militarism and war, and The Chicago Tribune of May 8, 1966, car lation sought to return to their respective establish on our planet democracy, peace and ried an exclusive report on prisoners of war homelands all political prisoners and exiles friendship between peoples, a life that is in in the Soviet Union entitled, "250,000 Still now in slave labor and prison camps. Need keeping with the dignity of man." In Red Slave Camps." The article recounted less to say, this legislation gathered dust and Propaganda you say. Certainly. But the a campaign to bring pressure to bear on was never considered. This year I have again danger is in dismissing the determination both the Polish and Soviet regimes to return proposed similar legislation and I fully in and dedication contained in this passage to to their homeland thousands of Poles exiled tend to do whatever I can to correct this eventually bring about a world wide Com to the Soviet Union during and after World basic error in our policy toward the captive munist society. One newspaper editorial, War II. Approximately 4,000 questionnalres peoples. commenting on this June 25 statement of were sent to German prisoners of war who You would be justified in asking yourself the CPSU, classified the various references were returned to Germany from the U.S.S.R. what possible reason is there for not bring to the doom of capitalism and U.S. criminal when Chancellor Adenauer told the Soviets ing to the attention of the world through aggression in Vietnam as just hackneyed that normal relations between the Soviet the United Nations the moral right of the propaganda. The editorial then went on to Union and West Germany were impossible captive peoples of self-determination and conclude that, under certain conditions, until the German p.o.w.'s were returned from freedom? When it is considered that the there may possibly be a chance for continued Soviet Camps. United Nations was founded to protect the peaceful co-existence. Just as in the case of Radio Free Europe, through the question. . cherished principles of self-determination the excerpt I just quoted, there are other naires, received the names of prisoneri:: from and individual freedoms, your question would statements in the June 25 document which countries all over ·the world who were still be fully justified. tell the free world that there is only one languishing in Soviet camps. The Polish Also, when it is remembered that the ques way, only one solution, and that is an in Division then initiated broadcasts into Po tion of the admission of the brutal regime ternational Communist society. Yet some edi land, giving the names of Poles stm being of Red China to the U.N. has been on the torial writers, like the one just referred to, held in the Soviet Union. As you may sur U.N. agenda a number of times over the past do not choose to believe that the Commu mise, the Polish Government at first ignored few years, why should not the free nations nist leaders are serious. the broadcasts, for up until that time the of the world at least insist on the considera Here is where friends of the captive peo party line had always been that the Soviet tion of freedom for the captive peoples, who ples can plan an important role in this im Union held no more Polish prisoners of war. have suffered so much in the last fifty years? portant year. Their experiences and those More and more Polish citizens began toques I cannot answer for all of the free nations of their friends and relatives under Com tion the Communist officials about the valid in the U.N., but the United States has given munist aggression can help dispel and neu ity of the charges. Even Russian soldiers, an answer as to why we have not used our tralize the avalanche of propaganda which observers and advisers, then stationed in influence to have this issue discussed. Here is the Soviets wm be churning out this year. Poland in great numbers, were asked about the answer given by the State Department Letters to the editors' columns of local news the charges. to another Member of Congress who had in papers can recount the first-hand experi Finally in October 1955 Radio Warsaw re troduced this legislation and who had asked ences of life under Communism. They can ferred to a certain number of repatriates for State's views on the merit of this pro demonstrate for the uninformed and mis from Russia, and a few weeks later stated posal. informed in this country what the true that "Poles have been returning from the Here is what the State Department said: legacies of the October Revolution and the U.S.S.R. for several months now." In addi "The Department of State believes that in past fifty years truly are. When the Soviets tion, the station added: the United Nations Soviet imperialism is mention their success in delivering mankind "We are certain that the number of re most effectively exposed by timely and per from oppression and exploitation, the brutal turnees will increase in the near future." tinent statements that relate Soviet im truth of Soviet oppression can be refuted. The persistent action of Radio Free Europe perialistic activities to a concrete issue being Every inhuman excess committed by the finally began to show results. By the end of discussed before a major United Nations leaders of Communist governments is a true 1955, a total of 6,429 Poles were repatriated. forum. United States representatives have legacy stemming from the October Bolshe The next year the figure jumped to 30, 786 delivered forceful and detailed attacks on vik Revolution. Imagine the wealth of ma and in 1957 to a record 93,872. Soviet imperialism during debates on the terial which is available for this important Nor was this the end of the repatriation. general question of colonialism. On numbers year: Soviet colonization and imperialism; In 1958--13 years after the war ended- of occasions they have also called attention terror as an instrument of Communist policy; 85,865 Poles were returned from Soviet de to Soviet imperial practice by linking a spe famine and hunger; deportation; the slave tention, and in 19,59, 28,400 more. cific Soviet act or policy of repression with status of labor; the right to vote; their fail While the results of this venture were an individual item being discussed before a ure to keep their word-deliberate breaking certainly encouraging, Radio Free Europe be United Nations body.'' of their treaty obligations with other nations; lieved that many more Poles were still being I continue to quote the State Department their persecution of religion. The material held in Soviet camps, even though the Polish statement: is almost inexhaustible. government had stated that the repatriation "The essential problem facing the United Then too organizations can pass resolu had been completed. States is to adapt existing capabilities most tions and issue statements concerning the Radio Free Europe went hack to work realistically and effectively to serve the in true legacies of the Revolution, for the vari again. In 1959 they again began assembling terest of the United States in opposing and ous press media and for their elected officials information on Polish p.o.w.'s still in Soviet combatting Soviet imperialism. The proposed whether local, state or national. The voices of camps. Finally, in February, 1966, the resolution, in the judgment of the Depart friends and relatives of the captive peoples Polish Division Radio Free Europe deter ment of State would not further this ob can be extremely valuable this year because mined that there was sufficient information jective." they have learned by bitter experience the to begin broadcasting again. According to Removing the meaningless diplomatic true nature of the Communist menace. How the Chicago Tribune article, at the last count verbiage in the statement translated it much more effective is the actual suffering forty broadcasts had been made without means simply this-the State Department of one victim of Communism in contrast any recognition from the Polish Government. does not intend to recognize the danger of to the views of some scholar lacking prac Although this case is by no means closed, these Soviet Colonial policies which prevent tical experience who claims that the Com and I intend to pursue it further, the num the extension much less the preservation of munists are mellowing while millions of ber of Poles returned by the fine efforts of freedom in the world. CXIII--1273-Part 15 20206 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE July 25, 1967
If the State Department has delivered, as to them to make th~r wishes known to the and the Disabled American Veterans have it says, "forceful" and "detailed" attacks on "above" faction and to strive to encourage passed resolutions at their national conven Soviet imperialism, these attacks have been others to do the same. It is necessary for in tions last year supporting the Captive Na State's best kept secrets. When was the last dividual citizens to inform their sisters, and tions. These three organizations alone have time you heard or read of a U.S. attack in their cousins, and their aunts of the need for a membership of nearly four million Ameri the U.N. on the enslavement of Latvia, Lith cooperative action. As stated before, letters to can citizens. Let me read to you part of the uania, or Estonia? Do you remember the last the editors of newspapers, if published, can American Legion resolution on the subject time we deplored and called to world atten alert the local readers to the existence of such of United Nations. Relationship to Captive tion in the U.N. the deprivation of human legislation and the need for widespread sup Nations. This resolution was passed at the rights in Russia, Hungary or in Bulgaria? port. annual convention of the American Legion But I'm sure you remember that last year, In those organizations in which resolutions in Washington, D.C. last year. as in years gone by, the subject of the ad on current issues are permitted, resolutions The resolving clause of the resolution mission of Red China to the U.N. made head of support enhance the cause by putting reads: lines in our newspapers and on our tele whole bodies on record as being in agreement. "Resolved, by the American Legion in Na vision newscasts. Letters to your representatives, local, state tional Convention assembled in Washington, The case of our policy toward Rhodesia is and national, help such offi.cials to learn the D.C., August 30-September l, 1966, that the another good case in point. The United States sentiments and wishes of their constitu American Legion urges the President of the has joined other nations in the United Na encies. United States to instruct the U.S. Ambassa tions in imposing sanctions on Rhodesia be By these legitimate means, a legitimate dor to the United Nations to demand, at the ca. use the right to vote in that country is issue is supported in a real and active fashion. earliest possible date, that the United Na not extended to all its citizens. Our Ambassa In the case of self-determination for the tions enforce its Charter provisions regarding dor to the United Nations has stated that in Captive Nations, the Assembly of Captive self-determination of all peoples, and that the case of Rhodesia there ls definitely a Nations in New York City has, for a number the Soviet Union, as the con trolling power 1n moral issue involved. Without going into the of years, been recommending the use of the world communism, be called upon to with merit of the Rhodesian issue, I am compelled United Nations agenda to bring the plight draw all of its troops, agents, colonialists and to ask what has become of the moral issue of the enslaved peoples to the attention of other controls from the Captive Nations, and 1n the case of the captive nations in which the whole world. As I have just previously to return to their respective homelands all there are no free elections at all? stated, a number of Members of Congress political prisoners and exiles now in slave When we consider the tragic inconsisten had implemented this recommendation by and prison camps within the U.S.S.R." cies of our foreign policy in relation to the drawing up and submitting concrete legisla So you see that the fate of the Captive Nations has not been forgotten, I'm sure nations under Communism, we cannot blame tion for the consideration of Congress. In anyone for despairing of just treatment for fact, one of the Presidential candidates in there are other organizations which are con Communism's victims. 1964 was a sponsor of this legislation. cerned aibout this issue and have so stated But as I said at the outset, I have come in their organizational statements. Here Yet, how many voters outside of the alone is a huge bloc of American citizens here today to recommend positive courses friends of the Captive peoples even knew of action and not to sow seeds of despair. which can be counted on for help in work this legislation had been proposed? How ing for the eventual release of the victims In the field of positive action we might well many citizens would have been happy to take a cue from the Communists themselves of Communist aggression. In turn, friends of endorse it and work actively 1n its behalf? the captive peoples can acquaint themselves 1n their use of political action to bring In another year we will again be in the about a predetermined goal. with the policies of organizations, such as midst of a presidential election. You will the veterans groups, and help them 1n what Their takeover of Czechoslovakia provides a again be asked to make a selection of the prime example of the use of popular opinion ever ways possible. best candidate to run this country for an Another 111 ustration of the policies of and action to bring about the comparatively other four years. What will be your criteria freedom which are supported by most vet peaceful fall of a free world government. I'm for making your choice of the most suitable sure some of you are familiar with the docu erans organizations is Resolution 14 passed candidate for such an all-important posi by the Veterans of Foreign Wars at their ment of Jan Kozak, the historian of the tion? Will a true concern for the captive peo Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, which 1966 national convention in New York City. ples be one of your standards in making The resolution concerned resisting commu details how the Czech parliament was manip your selection? It is not too early to begin nism and assisting our loyal allies in restor ulated to play an important role 1n the making inquiries. It is not a day too early downfall of the Czech nation. This document ing freedom. Resolution 14 consisted of 21 to begin writing letters to those who might recommendations to carry out this policy. was reproduced by a House Committee possibly be candidates. (HUAC) and was entitled "The New Role Here is a sampling At this point I should like to mention one 1. Full support of Captive Nations Week. of National Legislative Bodies in the Com definite obstacle to individual action. In a munist Conspiracy." 2. carry out whatever measures are neces country 1n which the population 1s ap sary to win in South Vietnam. The principle of coordinated action from proaching 200 million, one might be tempted 3. Aid to those who have refused to be "above", that is from the parliament or leg to ask just how effective is his little effort, come Communist slaves in their own coun islative body, coupled with the pressure from or his individual letter to an offi.cial. Well, try and have become refugees from Red op "below," that is through the use of popular as you know, a congressman's main contact pression, and encouraging restoration of protests by means of fronts and clever prop with his constituents is through the mall. freedom in their homelands by U.S. recogni aganda, combined to help topple the Czech Each day thousands of letters arrive on tion of the free governments in exile. government. The Communists in Czechoslo Capitol Hill, bringing messages to Members 4. Oppose all forms of trade, commerce, vakia carried out a principle expounded by of Congress from all parts of the country. and financial assistance that will strengthen V. I. Lenin as early as 1905. Some letters ask for help in solving a per Communist nations. Here is what Lenin said: sonal problem; others state their position 5. Oppose any form of diplomatic recog "To restrict, as a principle, revolutionary on specific legislation; while still others pro nition of Red China or Red Cuba. actions to pressure from below and to forego vide information which in some cases proves These are just a few of the recommenda pressure from above, is anarchism." useful to their representative. In each of tions which the V.F.W. offered last year at Kozak elaborated on Lenin's principle in these cases the correspondent believes that their national convention to combat the these words: his or her problems or views are worthy of global aggression of the Communist move "A preliminary condition for carrying out consideration. ment. fundamental social changes and for making But, on the other hand, consider the citi In the final analysis, regardless of the it possible that parliament be made use of zen who believes that his little letter or effort number of bills and resolutions or the vari for the purpose of transforming a capitalist doesn't count. He can hardly blame the next ous strategies which are devised to bring society, into a socialist one, is (a) to fight for door neighbor who believes the same way. freedom to the captive peoples, the moral a firm parliamentary majority which would And neither of them can ridicule the third fiber of the American people will be the ensure; and develop a strong pressure from neighbor for holding the same view. Multiply determinant of victory or defeat. I fully "above," and (b) to see to it that this firm this indifference over and over and the re realize that for you here today, who are parliamentary majority should rely on the sult is apathy. intimately acquainted with the brutality of revolutionary activity of the broad working Again I must say that I cannot blame you Communism, the reliance on Divine assist masses exerting pressure 'from below: " if you have become discouraged at the little ance is of prime importance. When the pro Now don't get me wrong. I am not advo progress made in extending the areas of free tection of one's country and perhaps one's cating revolution or the use of devious means dom to those now under Communist domi family have been taken from him, the only to gain an end. But I am sure that you can nation. But, believe me, you are not alone. alternatives are usually recourse to the see the appltcation of the "above" and "be Take, for instance, veterans organizations. Divine Protector-or despair . low" principle as it might be used here in the Although I haven't taken a survey of all such How a strong religious faith serves as an United States. Activity from above consists organizations, I know that the American impenetrable suit of armor in adversity was primarily in spelling out in definite terms a Legion in which I served for many years as graphically illustrated recently in South particular issue and implementing it with Post Chaplain, County and District Chap Vietnam. The syndicated columnist, Ray definite proposals or legislation. This is the lain and Department Chaplain of the State Cromley, writing from Vietnam, described specific vehicle around which the citizens, the of Wisconsin in 1957-1958, the Veterans of the exasperation experienced by the Viet below group, can rally around. It is then up Foreign Wars, of which I am also a member Cong in trying to subdue and win over Com- July 25, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 20207 munities where religious faith was strong. ternational Peace, United Nations Plaza at socio-political problem which may eventually In a secret document captured from the Viet 46th St., New York, N.Y. have to be confronted for defense of America Cong, a Red Viet Cong official talked of his Among those whose assistance in prepar and peace in the world, I would appreciate many successes in consolidating important ing the general staff type of war plan against your advising me of the names of all military areas of South Vietnam for the Communist South Africa, a friendly country strongly experts who have engaged in such an analysis cause. But what concerned him deeply was anti-communistic in one of the key strategic and where I may obtain same. his lack of success with hamlets controlled by areas of the world, is Major Sam C. Sarkesian, Sincerely, religious people. The officer stated in the cap who is reported to be on the faculty of the JOHN R. RARICK, tured document that their efforts to win over U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y. Member of Congress. the religious elements of the population had in the Department of Social Sciences. met with many difficulties. Columnist Crom The fact that a member of the West Point ley, in traveling through rural South Vietnam faculty should lend himself to an effort of DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, OFFICE this character ls certainly incomprehensible OF THE DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF in 14 provinces, agreed that in communities FOR PERSONNEL, where the people themselves have a strong and ought to cause more than a raising of and dynamic sense of religion, the Commu eyebrows. Is not an Army investigation in Washington, D.O., June 23, 1967. order? Hon. JOHN R. RARICK, nists make no headway. House of Representatives, This is an excellent example for all Amer Sincerely, JOHN R. RARICK, New House Office Building, ica. We must realize that regardless of our Washington, D.C. Member of Congress. military might, if we are to persevere 1n this DEAR MR. RARICK: This is in reply to your :fight for true peace with justice and freedom, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, OFFICE letter of June 16, 1967, in reference to the it is mandatory that we recapture the zeal participation of Major Sam C. Sarkesian in and dedication which motivated the Found OF THE DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF FOR PERSONNEL, providing assistance in the prepara ti on of ing Faithers of the United States almost 200 the booklet, Apartheid and United Nations years ago. Washington, D.C., June 5, 1967. Hon. JOHN R. RARICK, Collective Measures-An Analysis. House of Representatives, There appears to be some misinterpreta New House Office Building, tion of my letter to you of June 5, 1967, on South Africa : A Sociopolitical Problem Washington, D.C. the above subject. Nowhere in my letter was DEAR MR. RARICK: General Wheeler has it indicated or implied that the referenced asked that I reply to your letter of 18 May study was one that presents a pedagogical EXTENSION OF REMARKS socio-political problem which may eventual OF 1967 in reference to the participation by Major Sam C. Sarkesian, a former instructor ly have to be confronted "for defense of at the United States Military Academy, in America and peace in the world." I am, there HON. JOHN R. RARICK fore, quite puzzled about your concern in OF LOUISIANA providing assistance in preparation of the booklet Apartheid and United Nations Col reference to which military experts have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lective Measures-An Analysis. engaged in such studies. Furthermore, it would be quite in error Tuesday, July 25, 1967 Major Sarkesian's participation in this study was a result of the Department of the to draw the inference from my letter of Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, in the in Army's policy to encourage the officers who June 5 that an "invasion and occupation of terests of peace, and to keep our boys are on the faculty at the Academy to engage Soviet Russia" falls within the definition of out of unnecessary global wars, I was in outside scholarly activities which serve to a socio-political problem, and I want to as greatly surprised to learn that an Army enrich their background and broaden their sure you that I have no intention of con perspective. Following this policy, it can be veying such an idea. major, a former instructor at the U.S. expected that some of these activities might An analysis of Soviet Russia, similar to Military Academy, provided assistance deal with problems which are marginally con that made of South Africa, may have been in preparation of the controversial book, troversial. It is considered that controversial accomplished Bit some educational institu "Apartheid and United Nations Collec problems of this type should not be the cause tion; however, I am sure you can visualize tive Measures-An Analysis,'' printed by for limitation which would regulate scholarly the enormous task involved in canvassing the Carnegie Endowment for Interna endeavors for research. However, Department the many colleges and universities through of the Army is deeply aware of its responsi out the United States. tional Peace, United Nations Plaza, New I regret, therefore, that due to the magni York, N.Y. See my remarks in the RECORD b1lity to insure that such outside activity by officers is in the best interest of scholarly tude of the problem, I cannot be of more of April 20, page 10432, April 24, page research. assistance to you on this particular subject. 10544, and May 18, page 13140. It appears that the Carnegie study was in Sincerely, Admittedly the major's participation tended as an analysts of socio-political prob MELVIN ZAIS, was "intended as an analysis of socio lems which eventually may have to be con Major General, GS, Director of Individ political problems which eventually may fronted, rather than as a study for overt ual Training. have to be confronted" as a result of the action. While the preparation and conclusion Department of the Army's policy to en of such a voluminous report will always be courage their officers' outside scholarly subject to the interpretation placed upon them by the readers, it was certainly not the Captive Nations Week activities. intention of Major Sarkesian, when he par Regretfully I have been unable to de ticipated in the project, to assist in any way termine if the major has also prepared in developing a plan which would advocate EXTENSION OF REMARKS an analysis of Cuba, Red China or Rus the use of military force against South Africa. 01' sia. I trust that this information will be of as So that our colleagues may be ap sistance to you. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. Sincerely, OF NEW JERSEY praised of the cooperative ventures of at MELVIN ZAIS, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES least one of our military officers, I ask Major General, GS, Director of Individual consent to here insert in the RECORD my Training. Tuesday, July 25, 1967 letters to the Department of the Army and replies from Maj. Gen. Melvin Zais: JUNE 16, 1967. Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, last week we in Congress joined all Americans 1n MAY 16, 1967. Re Major Sarkeslan, and "Apartheid and Gen. EARLE G. WHEELER, United Nations Collective Measures-An the observance of the ninth annual Cap Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Analysis." tive Nations Week. The Pentagon. Maj. Gen. MELVIN ZAIS, In his 1967 proclamation, President DEAR GENERAL WHEELER: As representa Director of Individual Training, Johnson noted that the United States tives of the Joint Chiefs of Staff attended the Department of the Army, "from its founding as a nation has had Washington, D.C. November 7, 1966, address on "Southern Af an abiding commitment to the principles rica in World Strategy" before the Cosmos DEAR GENERAL ZAIS: I am happy to have your letter explaining Major Sarkestan's role of national independence and human Club by Dr. Robert Gayre of Edinburgh, freedom." Scotland, a copy of my remarks to the House in providing assistance to the preparation of of Representatives referring to it is attached the Carnegie booklet, Apartheid and United Our celebration of Captive Nations for the information of the Joint Chiefs of Nations Collective Measures-An Analysis, Week is an occasion for Americans to and to have your assurance it was intended remember that millions of people living Staff. as an analysis of socio-political problems The publication criticized by Dr. Gayre in which may have to be confronted rather than behind the Iron Curtain are deprived his address ls the booklet, Apartheid and as a study for overt action of military force of these basic freedoms. United Nations Collective Measures-An against South Africa. The Communists have not, however. Analysis, edited by Amelia C. Leiss under the Since the invasion and occupation of been able to destroy the desire of these auspices of the Carnegie Endowment for In- Soviet Russia likewise presents a pedagogical captive peoples for their liberty. In fact 20208 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE July 25, 1967 more and more each year the Com lion housing units despite the Vietnam it is no secret that the long, hot sum munists have been forced to respond to war. This would have given jobs to an mers of protest and riot are the fruits both an individual and national impulse other million men: for one-site construc of past delay and neglect. High inter toward freedom. The forces of polycen tion, materials and supplies, and house est rates lengthen the delay, encourage trism have made impossible the type of hold appliances and goods. This would the neglect. They feed the resulting complete control over these nations that not have interfered with any other vital tragedies. The tight-money doctors are tl:e Soviet Union once had during Stalin's activity. America would have been more making America sicker, not healing her. era. Now the rulers of the Eastern Euro prosperous. pean countries often follow policies based Instead, those who bought homes paid on their perception of the national in heavily for high interest, and for the terests of their own countries. For ex "points" on the mortgage. "Points" are Western Washington State Achieves Suc ·ample recently Czechoslovakia estab a discount on the mortgage. At 7 points, cess in Upward Bound lished trade relations with West Ger you sign for $10,000, but get only $9,300. many despite the angry protests of East The builder adds as much as $1,000 to the Germany and the Soviet Union. In the cost of the house to cover this discount. EXTENSION OF REMARKS recent U.N. debates on the Middle East Each !-percent increase in interest rates OF crisis Rumania did not follow the Soviet raises the interest charge on a $15,000 HON. RICHARDT. HANNA line. mortgage by $150 a year. For the individual citizen, life under If you can get a 6.5-percent loan for 25 OF CALIFORNIA communism has improved since the days years today, total interest payments will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Stalin's tyranny. More attention has be higher than the actual mortgage it Tuesday, July 25, 1967 been accorded the consumer needs of the self. A $15,000 mortgage will cost $101.29 Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, my own in people. The excesses of the secret police a month, or $30,387 to retire. If rates terest has been drawn to the success of have been curbed in some of the nations. were back at the old and reasonable price the Office of Economic Opportunity's Recently Rumania established a com of 4.5 percent, the $83.38 monthly cost community action program .at Western mittee to oversee the operations of its would be $5,373 lower over the 25 years. Washington State College called "Up police force, reputedly the most repres So fewer people can now afford houses. ward Bound," and I take this opportu sive in East Europe. Fewer are built. Fewer workers are em nity to share that success with my col Despite these gains the people of the ployed. And the economists too often leagues. bless this by calling it a "trade-off" be Communist-dominated countries still are Western's program was one of 18 pilot deprived of the right of free speech, press, tween full employment and inflation. Some trade. And the worker whose job projects designed to test the effectiveness and religion. They still do not have the of precollege programs for poverty high right to choose who will govern them; is being "traded-off" is not allowed at the bargaining table. Nor is the guy who school students. It began by bringing to nor can they hold their rulers responsible the campus in the summer of 1965, 50 for policies and administration. wanted to buy a house, but could not af ford the higher interest. The money 11th grade students from Seattle .and History has made it clear that men changers do all the trading for them Tacoma ghettos and Washington State will not accept forever the abridgement both. Indian reservations. Of the 50, 18 were of their individual freedoms and national The higher interest charges are also Negro, 17 were white, 12 were American liberty. We in the free world must pledge unnecessary. Three million unemployed Indians, and 3 were oriental. The aver ourselves to help these captive people in is not full employment. And if we had age high school grades for the group was their constructive efforts to win their it, and needed to cut back on borrowing, a C-, cle,arly not typical of the typical eventual freedom. there are better answers than higher in college-bound American student. terest. Economists and Government of The summer project consisted of an ficials are equally guilty of failing to dis intensive academic program developed cuss the alternatives. Higher downpay around subjects which are historically High Interest Rates Mean High Unemploy ments would restrain borrowing. So the most difficult for college freshmen. ment, Expert Warns would shorter length loans that must This was coupled with an equally inten be repaid faster. And banks could be sive program of cultural enrichment. EXTENSION OF REMARKS come more strict in granting loans. And During the regular school year, the OF when the economy approaches full em college Upward Bound staff organized ployment, the Nation can also raise tutorial centers in the high school dis HON. ALVIN E. O'KONSKI taxes. tricts and staffed them with volunteers OF WISCONSIN High interest is unfair. It takes more from interested community action agen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the workers, the farmers and the cies, school district teachers, graduate small businessmen. Most of the big com students, employees of the Bureau of Tuesday, July 25, 1967 panies are using their own money, so Indian Affairs, and by VISTA personnel. Mr. O'KONSKI. Mr. Speaker, the tight they are not hurt. The interest payments At the end of their senior year, 49 of money doctors are peddling their patent go to the wealthy few, and to the banks. the students returned to the campus for medicine again. Early this year, they The high interest goes to the 5 percent the second summer. The program was were in hiding, as interest rates were who own 85 percent of the Government essentially the same except that each stu falling. This summer, more than 3 mil bonds, for instance. It is the young and dent was enrolled in one regular college lion are unemployed. Yet the money the minority groups who suffer most of class for which they were given credit changers are back in control of the tem the unemployment that high interest en for successful completion. No record was ple of America. They preach tha~ high courages. made in case of failure. interest is helping fight the old devil But most of all, high interest is tragic Western's trustees, sighting this proj inflation. But high interest does not fight for America. "The billions that go to ect as one of the most important ever inflation, it feeds inflation. It does not interest," as Ed Hart, founder of the undertaken by the college, pledged ad help the economy, it adds to unemploy National Council, has warned, "mean mission to all Upward Bound students ment. The new higher interest policy is that America cannot afford the money who successfully completed the program. uneconomic, unnecessary, unfair, and needed for schools, for urban renewal, Forty-four enrolled for their freshman tragic for America. for mass transit, for recreation and con year-four married, one enlisted in the It is uneconomic because interest is a servation. The more we have to pay Navy, and one transferred to nurse train cost of production. Increasing the price moneylenders, the less we have for es ing-after considerable effort was made of money raises prices just as does raising sential national services." This is even to provide adequate financial support. It the price of steel. Production is down, more true today with the cost of the is significant to note that under regular unemployment is up. The threat of infla Vietnam war. entrance requirements only four would tion is a phony argument for a policy Americans were promised a war on have been eligible, and even they would that hurts the worker, but helps the poverty. The hopes of tens of millions have been unable to afford the costs. banker. were raised by promises of good hous The college's students responded to If rates had been lower last year, the ing, better education, more jobs. As in these youngsters by organizing a special Nation could have built another half mil- terest rates rise, these hopes fall. And tutoring society which proved most sue- July 26, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 20209 cessful. Faculty members were available Captive Nations Week in the United States, for our commitment to freedom. We should to the students as counselors. The admin because the independence we were able to be mindful of the many contributions to this istration reduced the minimum course secure over 150 years ago is the independence country by people from captive nations. The that has been denied hundreds of millions greatness of the United States is founded load for Upward Bound youngsters who of people throughout the world; our com on the many talents of a diverse people; we were in academic difficulty. mitment to their freedom should be no less have benefitted from their skllls and their Everyone aggressively sought sources than our commitment to freedom a·t home. culture and their devotion to freedom. There of financial support from service clubs, It is not that some people do not desire fore, our celebration today should renew lodges, and private industry as well as freedom, for freedom is one of the most our spiritual ties with the people of Eastern Federal and State sources. basic of human desires. Where freedom is and Central Europe. absent in the world we find without excep I think this yearning for freedom which Perhaps the key to the success of this tion that it has been replaced-with force periodically slips over the Berlin Wall in the project was the enthusiastic support it or deceit-by some form of tyranny. No one dark of night or rises up in the streets in received from all the elements of West voluntarily or willingly chooses to be en armed protest will eventually p!rove to be the ern's college community. Western's stu slaved. trojan-horse of Soviet dominated Eastern dents, faculty, administrators, and mem The Russian subjugation of Eastern Europe. Russia can physically oppress the bers of the community made possible this Europe began behind the facade of a mutual people, it can wall them in, but it can never outstanding success. defense assistance pact in World War II, defeat the will to be free. As long as this will twenty-five years ago. But any hope for is alive, there 1s hope. Indeed it is hoped that the success at Russian cooperation faded before the ink But we must do our part. We must give the Western will generate the same sort of was dry on the pact. With unbelievable bru captive people reason to hope. As President significant and remarkable change tality and a total disregard for human suf Kennedy once stated: "This country must throughout American higher education. fering the Russians occupied the Eastern never recognize the situation behind the Iron Mr. Speaker, I take great pleasure in European nations. Throughout the war, the Curtain as a permanent one, but must, by congratulating Western Washington Soviets stripped the area of !-ts entire in all peaceful means, keep alive the hopes of dustrial structure, even dismantling entire freedom for the people of the captive na State College for its efforts and suc factories for shipment to Russia. After the tions." cesses in reaching these young people war, what little doubt remained of Soviet We must never let them stand alone. Our who have consistently been overlooked intentions in Eastern Europe was quickly strongest weapons in this struggle are truth, and for mobilizing all available commu shattered. Instead of withdrawing their facts and ideas. The Voice of America and nity resources to propel them out of Pov troops, the Russians began mass deportation Radio Free Europe are vital to our purpose. erty for good. Upward Bound has proved of Eastern Europeans, and their replacement Captive Nations Week is another way of itself at Western, and it is my sincere through Russian immigration. This process showing our support. In addition, the United of Russlfication included the substitution Nations must also be encouraged to press hope that it will serve as a positive ex of Russian language, laws, and customs-in for freedom behind the Iron Curtain. We ample to the rest of the Nation. effect, the total obliteration of the national must never cease to work for their freedom. identity of the Captive Nations. The result A second task, of equal importance to free of the Russian tyranny 1s that today over ing the people of captive nations, is to pre one hundred million Eastern Europeans are vent other nations from being enslaved. This Captive Nations Week enslaved. is our task today in Vietnam. We are taking This same process of enslavement has a firm stand in this distant nation so that since occurred in other nations throughout one nation wm not impose its will on an EXTENSION OF REMARKS the world, including Cuba, China, North other. We must not, and will not, fall in this OF Korea and North Vietnam. endeavor. In a larger sense, the struggle for The Soviets, of course, always h·ave a ready freedom in Vietnam ls a struggle for freedom HON. JOHN M. MURPHY justification for their illegal action. They everywhere. Regardless of the name of the OF NEW YORK often point to the "elections" held in the country, we are committed to the proposi IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES captive natlolliS as evidence of popular sup tion that all people shall have the right of port. But we all know, and the Soviets know, self-determination. Today the line is drawn Tuesday, July 25, 1967 that an election with only one slate of ca.n in Vietnam; who knows where it might be Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. didates is no election at all. drawn tomorrow? They may claim that the elections show Therefore, as we celebrate Captive Na Speaker, in commemoration of Captive popular support, but there are plenty of tions Week, let us remember that our cause Nations Week, I include herewith the signs to show that popular support is a myth. is freedom. whether it be for those who are text of my remarks before the Ameri The Hungarian Revolt in 1956 is one exam enslaved, for those who are fighting to avoid cans To Free Captive Nations, Inc., cele ple. No one can forget the brave Hungarian enslavement, or for those who are already bration at the Statue of Liberty on July patriots who were viciously crushed beneath free. Our policy should be not only total op 23,1967: the cold steel tread of Soviet tanks. Nor can position to tyranny in any form, but en we forget the brave Poles who met a similar couragement to free nations everywhere, es REMARKS OF REPRESENTATIVE JOHN M. MUR fate in the Polish October Days. Berlin is still pecially those emerging nations for whom PHY, AMERICANS To FREE CAPTIVE NATIONS, another example; where else in the world freedom is new and not yet firmly estab INC., JULY 23, 1967 can a government claim such popular sup lished. Our policy should be that once stated This nation was founded on the prin port that it must build a wall to keep the by Thom.as Jefferson, when he said: "I have ciple that "all men are cre.ated equal, that population from deserting. sworn eternal hostility against any form of they are endowed by their Creator with cer These are just a few examples of the spirit tyranny over the minds of man." tain unalienable rights, that among these of freedom that still burns in the hearts of It is in the spirit of Jefferson's words that are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happi citizens of the captive nations. We must not we celebrate Captive Nations Week. Let us ness." These words, and the principle they let that flame die out, for a flame that can remember that our celebration must last set forth, although written in a declaration withstand the brutality of Russian tyranny more than one week a year if our cause is to of one nation's independence, are a uni and still survive must surely someday tri triumph. We should use this week not as a versal expression of the independence of umph. one-shot celebration, but as the beginning all mankind. But while we celebrate Captive Nations of a full time commitment to the cause of It is .fitting, therefore, that we celebrate Week we should remember another reason freedom.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES every moment. Help us to think more THE JOURNAL and talk less; to pray more and procras The Journal of the proceedings of yes tinate less; to live more by high prin terday was read and approved. °\VEDNESDAY, JULY26, 1967 ciples and less by low prejudices. Make The House met at 11 o'clock a.m. us so dissatisfied with ourselves that we may turn away from loud professions PERMISSION FOR THE COMMITTEE The Chaplain, Rev. Edward G. Latch, ON ARMED SERVICES TO FILE BY D.D., offered the fallowing prayer: to quiet practice, from friendly looks to friendly lives, and from speaking excel MIDNIGHT TONIGHT A REPORT Let love be genuine; hate what is evil, lent words to speeding excellent works. ON H.R. 11722 hold fast to what is good.-Romans 12: 9. So we pray this morning that Thou Mr. RIVERS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan Eternal Father of our spirits, we pray wilt renew a right spirit within us and imous consent that the Committee on that in this sacred minute of prayer we send us out into this day with gracious Armed Services may have until mid may receive guidance for the day, wis thoughts, good words, and a great spirit. night tonight to file a report on the bill dom for each hour, and good will for In the Master's name we pray. Amen. H.R. 11722.