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Connectivity Across a Biome

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Connectivity Across a Biome Australian Systematic Botany, 2018, 31, 495–503 ©CSIRO 2018 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18032 Supplementary material Species limits and cryptic biogeographic structure in a widespread complex of Australian monsoon tropics trees (broad-leaf paperbarks: Melaleuca, Myrtaceae) Robert D. EdwardsA, Michael D. CrispB and Lyn G. CookC AUS National Herbarium, Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA. BEvolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Banks Building, Daley Road, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia. CThe University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Goddard Building, Mansfield Place, Saint Lucia, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. DCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Page 1 of 13 Fig. S1. Maximum-likelihood trees for psbA–rpl2. All bootstrap percentage values are retained, terminals are coloured by 9 7 8 2 species. 7 1 5 1 6 3 2 2 6 1 4 9 9 2 5 8 7 5 4 9 7 0 6 9 6 3 5 0 9 8 7 7 100 4 5 7 0 7 9 1 2 4 6 5 9 M. arcana M. argentea M. cajuputi M. clarksonii 7 8 seiceps M. dealbata 0 M. leucadendra M.r nervosa ot yeK ot M. quinquenervia 0 M. saligna 0 M. stenostachya M. triumphalis 7 5 outgroup 8 3 0.0040 5 2 1 7 4 0 1 a 1 4 1 9 7 6 6 n n n n 0 0 6 1 4 2 7 0 1 1 1 5 1 5 3 8 1 4 62 29 5 2 0 4 1 3 1 7 1 6 3 0 2 2 0 5 7 Fig. S2. 1 Maximum-likelihood trees for 1 1 4 5 6 6 2 3 5 5 0 3 9 ITS (nrDNA) only. All bootstrap 4 9 100 8 0 3 2 1 2 3 8 3 6 7 2 2 0 percentage values are retained, terminals 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 9 2 0 8 7 5 4 1 8 6 0 are coloured by species. 1 1 2 2 7 7 5 8 1 1 3 4 1 01 3 3 9 1 5 4 3 4 1 2 2 0 0 6 3 0 6 1 4 10 3 1 3 4 0 03 40 0 1 3 7 3 9 1 6 3 30 1 7 0 5 1 0 6 3 1 1 20 2 6 2 9 5 8 8 3 9 7 8 5 0 1 4 2 2 5 2 9 5 9 1 9 7 8 2 7 3 1 5 5 7 6 1 7 2 2 6 5 1 5 5 7 4 1 9 9 0 1 8 30 3 3 0 8 4 0 4 03 6 5 1 100 23 0 6 8 0 1 9 2 2 0 0 3 8 5 7 6 2 4 5 9 100 5 7 1 0 1 3 02 0 0 5 6 1 0 9 6 9 6 7 2 0 9 9 0 04 6 0 100 0 5 1 6 0 1 3 0 0 3 1 2 6 2 0 8 2 1 3 4 5 1 7 9 1 8 5 0 2 0 1 6 9 6 0 0 1 6 2 2 5 5 0 3 4 4 1 0 0 9 8 6 3 2 1 1 5 4 1 4 0 9 2 5 5 1 4 6 0 00 1 9 5 1 3 1 7 1 4 s M. arcana 33 0 00 2 0 0 M. argentea 3 6 2 7 2 7 0 5 0 1 3 M. cajuputi 1 0 6 1 6 8 7 M. clarksonii 3 3 4 8 1 0 seiceps 5 8 0 M. dealbata 4 2 0 0 0 4 6 0 1 2 5 4 2 2 1 7 8 0 9 8 1 1 0 5 1 1 0 M. leucadendra 0 5 0 3 2 0 6 1 1 3 0 4 80 r 4 0 0 4 3 M. nervosa 0 4 4 0 8 3 0 0 9 8 ot yeK ot 4 0 0 05 6 0 4 6 0 M. quinquenervia 0 0 5 9 1 0 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 0 0 6 7 3 2 6 3 M. saligna 3 5 3 6 7 2 9 3 3 3 7 4 M. stenostachya 9 7 5 2 3 M. triumphalis 1 3 5 7 9 1 7 2 0 9 1 2 4 2 1 4 2 0 2 1 5 4 1 9 100 0 1 4 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 outgroup 0 1 0 0 0 0.0080 0 4 0 q q q q a q 1 b Fig. S3. Sampling localities and statistical parsimony allelic network for the P5 (nrDNA) locus. Localities and New Guinea haplotypes are coloured by species, with circles proportional to number of individuals. Northern Territory Cape York Peninsula Kimberley Pilbara M. arcana M. argentea M. cajuputi s p e c i e s M. clarksonii M. dealbata M. leucadendra ot M.r nervosa K e y M. quinquenervia M. saligna M. stenostachya M. triumphalis Australian Systematic Botany ©CSIRO 2018 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18032 Table S1. Descriptions and habitats of the 14 species currently recognised within the Melaleuca leucadendra complex Species Description and habitat M. arcana S.T.Blake Leafy shrub 0.5–15 m high, leaves short wide and almost elliptical. Flowers white in short, dense spikes. Locally common on dune slopes and moist swales between sand dunes on Cape York Peninsula. M. argentea W.Fitzg. Stocky weeping tree, 8–20 m, with papery bark and pale silver-green foliage. Flowers, pale green–yellow to cream, hanging in cylindrical spikes 5–15 cm in length. Typically found in deep sand on river banks adjacent to M. leucadendra. M. cajuputi Powell Dense, erect tree up to 35 m with papery bark and large narrowly elliptical leaves. Favours heavy clay soils of coastal plains, often inundated or tidal. M. clarksonii Barlow Short dense tree up to 10 m, with broad leaves similar to M. cajuputi. Bark hard and fissured M. dealbata S.T.Blake Large erect tree up to 25 m white–grey layered bark and large dull blue–grey foliage. Cream flowers arranged loosely in long spikes. Tolerates a wide range of soils, less often inundated, sometimes in mixed stands with M. cajuputi, or in dune swales. M. ferrugenea CravenA Tree up to 16 m, mature bark white–brown, new bark reddish, soft, papery. Leaves long and slender, white flowers in long spikes. Found in seasonally inundated habitats from coastal dunes to creek-lines and floodplains. M. fluviatilis Barlow Weeping tree up to 30 m, distinguished from M. argentea by crisped leaf hairs and darker green stamens. Habitat similarly confined to riverbanks and swamp margins. M. leucadendra (L.) L. Large erect stately tree 20–30 m, with slippery thinly papery bark. Thin light green leaves and downward hanging branchlets giving a distinctive weeping look. Loose hanging flower spikes cream–white. Prefers flood-prone sites, including the beds of seasonal rivers, river banks and freshwater swamps, sometimes in mixed stands with M. argentea and M. fluviatilis. M. nervosa (Lindl.) Cheel. Shrub or tree up to 15 m, with erect, sparse and untidy crown and layers of papery or fibrous bark. Leaves stiff and narrow, flowers variable through white, cream, yellow, green and occasionally red. Found on sandy soils, often in depressions with underlying clay. Extends into drier habitats and farther inland than other species. M. quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T.Blake Erect but spreading medium-sized tree 10–20 m (with occasional stunted forms 1–1.5 m). Thick grey–white papery bark and stiff, plastic, wide stubby leaves. Flowers white to cream in short dense spikes. Favours swamps or seasonally marshy ground within 40 km of coast, extending farther south than the other species. M. saligna Schauer Slight , pendulous paperbark up to 10 m, with narrower light green leaves and white to greenish-yellow flowers in truncated terminal or pseudo-terminal spikes M. stenostachya S.T.Blake Similar in general appearance to M. dealbata, but typically with narrower leaves, shorter height (2–15 m) and lighter white–cream flowers. Restricted to dry hills with sandy or skeletal soils. M. triumphalis Craven Small untidy shrub up to 2.5 m, fissured to hard papery bark and long shaggy branchlet hairs. Leaves narrow and flowers greenish. Restricted to rocky sandstone gorges of the Victoria River region. M. viridiflora Sol. ex Gaertn. Small untidy tree up to 10 m, with open canopy and large inflexible leaves up to 10 cm in width. Flowers from white– cream to bright green and occasionally red, held stiffly in short dense spikes. Common across large expanses of savanna with broad soil and moisture tolerances. Often occurs in mixed stands with other species, especially M. nervosa. AThis species was described subsequent to data being collected for the present study (Craven and Cowie 2013) and was not included. Page 5 of 13 Australian Systematic Botany ©CSIRO 2018 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB18032 Table S2. Species, primary collector and herbarium location, collection locality including state in Australia, or country if outside Australia, decimal latitude, decimal longitude, Genbank number(s) for internal transcribed spacer (ITS), P5, psbA–rpl2, and base call at the LFY single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Dashes indicate that sequences failed for that specimen Species Voucher Locality Latitude Longitude ITS P5 psbA–rpl2 LFY SNP Outgroup acacioides GBAc (MELU) 3 km N of Mari, PNG –8.777958 141.67969 EU410086.1, – EU410219.1 – EU410085.1 alsophila R.D.
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