Deflating British Radar Myths of World War Ii
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FM 11-25 Signal Corps Field Manual Aircraft Warning Service
MHI Copy 3 FM 11-25 WAR DEPARTMENT CPS F LD MANUAL AIRCRAFT WARNING SERVICE August 3, 1942 REFERENCE USE ONLY NOT TO BE TAKEN FROM LIBRARY REGRAOED UNCLASSIFIED ay AUTHo'YoF! DOD DIR. 5200. 1 R By A7 A5 on 2z. FM 11-25 C 1 SIGNAL CORPS FIELD MANUAL AIRCRAFT WARNING SERVICE CHANGES I WAR DEPARTMENT, No. 1 WASHINGTON. March 10, 1943. FM 11-25, August 3, 1942, is changed as follows: * 34: REPORTING PLATOON b. Operating detail and power-plant detail.-The reporting platoon * * * the powver-plant detail. The personnel of these two details are responsible for the actual installation and operation of the mobile radar equipment. They are also re- sponsible for accomplishing minor repairs, adjustments, and replacement; (maintenance in first echelon) and such more extensive repairs, adjustments, and replacements (mainte- nance in second echelon) as may be accomplished by use of hand tools and the mobile equipment issued to the unit. The operating detail * * * supply truck K-31. · . a . *, ·* [A. G. 062.11 (3-1-43).] (C 1, Mar. 10. 1943.) BY ORDER Of THE SECRETARY OF WAR: G. C. MARSHALL. Chief of Stafl. OFFICIAL: J. A. ULIO, Major General, The Adjutanl General. U.S. GOVERPaMEUTPRINITIN.. OFICEISO 1· FM 11-25 SIGNAL CORPS FIELD MANUAL AIRCRAFT WARNING SERVICE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1942 WAR DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, August 3, 1942. FM 11-25, Signal Corps Field Manual, Aircraft Warning Service, is published for the information and guidance of all concerned. [A. G. 062.11 (6-11-42) .] BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR: G. -
Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 29
ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 29 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Copyright 2003: Royal Air Force Historical Society First published in the UK in 2003 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361-4231 Typeset by Creative Associates 115 Magdalen Road Oxford OX4 1RS Printed by Advance Book Printing Unit 9 Northmoor Park Church Road Northmoor OX29 5UH 3 CONTENTS BATTLE OF BRITAIN DAY. Address by Dr Alfred Price at the 5 AGM held on 12th June 2002 WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE LUFTWAFFE’S ‘TIP 24 AND RUN’ BOMBING ATTACKS, MARCH 1942-JUNE 1943? A winning British Two Air Forces Award paper by Sqn Ldr Chris Goss SUMMARY OF THE MINUTES OF THE SIXTEENTH 52 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING HELD IN THE ROYAL AIR FORCE CLUB ON 12th JUNE 2002 ON THE GROUND BUT ON THE AIR by Charles Mitchell 55 ST-OMER APPEAL UPDATE by Air Cdre Peter Dye 59 LIFE IN THE SHADOWS by Sqn Ldr Stanley Booker 62 THE MUNICIPAL LIAISON SCHEME by Wg Cdr C G Jefford 76 BOOK REVIEWS. 80 4 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air Marshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-Marshal -
THE RADAR WAR Forward
THE RADAR WAR by Gerhard Hepcke Translated into English by Hannah Liebmann Forward The backbone of any military operation is the Army. However for an international war, a Navy is essential for the security of the sea and for the resupply of land operations. Both services can only be successful if the Air Force has control over the skies in the areas in which they operate. In the WWI the Air Force had a minor role. Telecommunications was developed during this time and in a few cases it played a decisive role. In WWII radar was able to find and locate the enemy and navigation systems existed that allowed aircraft to operate over friendly and enemy territory without visual aids over long range. This development took place at a breath taking speed from the Ultra High Frequency, UHF to the centimeter wave length. The decisive advantage and superiority for the Air Force or the Navy depended on who had the better radar and UHF technology. 0.0 Aviation Radio and Radar Technology Before World War II From the very beginning radar technology was of great importance for aviation. In spite of this fact, the radar equipment of airplanes before World War II was rather modest compared with the progress achieved during the war. 1.0 Long-Wave to Short-Wave Radiotelegraphy In the beginning, when communication took place only via telegraphy, long- and short-wave transmitting and receiving radios were used. 2.0 VHF Radiotelephony Later VHF radios were added, which made communication without trained radio operators possible. 3.0 On-Board Direction Finding A loop antenna served as a navigational aid for airplanes. -
How the Luftwaffe Lost the Battle of Britain British Courage and Capability Might Not Have Been Enough to Win; German Mistakes Were Also Key
How the Luftwaffe Lost the Battle of Britain British courage and capability might not have been enough to win; German mistakes were also key. By John T. Correll n July 1940, the situation looked “We shall fight on the beaches, we shall can do more than delay the result.” Gen. dire for Great Britain. It had taken fight on the landing grounds, we shall Maxime Weygand, commander in chief Germany less than two months to fight in the fields and in the streets, we of French military forces until France’s invade and conquer most of Western shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, predicted, “In three weeks, IEurope. The fast-moving German Army, surrender.” England will have her neck wrung like supported by panzers and Stuka dive Not everyone agreed with Churchill. a chicken.” bombers, overwhelmed the Netherlands Appeasement and defeatism were rife in Thus it was that the events of July 10 and Belgium in a matter of days. France, the British Foreign Office. The Foreign through Oct. 31—known to history as the which had 114 divisions and outnumbered Secretary, Lord Halifax, believed that Battle of Britain—came as a surprise to the Germany in tanks and artillery, held out a Britain had lost already. To Churchill’s prophets of doom. Britain won. The RAF little longer but surrendered on June 22. fury, the undersecretary of state for for- proved to be a better combat force than Britain was fortunate to have extracted its eign affairs, Richard A. “Rab” Butler, told the Luftwaffe in almost every respect. -
Axis Blitzkrieg: Warsaw and Battle of Britain
Axis Blitzkrieg: Warsaw and Battle of Britain By Skyla Gabriel and Hannah Seidl Background on Axis Blitzkrieg ● A military strategy specifically designed to create disorganization in enemy forces by logical firepower and mobility of forces ● Limits civilian casualty and waste of fire power ● Developed in Germany 1918-1939 as a result of WW1 ● Used in Warsaw, Poland in 1939, then with eventually used in Belgium, the Netherlands, North Africa, and even against the Soviet Union Hitler’s Plan and “The Night Before” ● Due to the non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union, once the Polish state was divided up, Hitler would colonize the territory and only allow the “superior race” to live there and would enslave the natives. ● On August 31, 1939 Hitler ordered Nazi S.S. troops,wearing Polish officer uniforms, to sneak into Poland. ● The troops did minor damage to buildings and equipment. ● Left dead concentration camp prisoners in Polish uniforms ● This was meant to mar the start of the Polish Invasion when the bodies were found in the morning by Polish officers Initial stages ● Initially, one of Hitler’s first acts after coming to power was to sign a nonaggression pact (January 1934) with Poland in order to avoid a French- Polish alliance before Germany could rearm. ● Through 1935- March 1939 Germany slowly gained more power through rearmament (agreed to by both France and Britain), Germany then gained back the Rhineland through militarization, annexation of Austria, and finally at the Munich Conference they were given the Sudetenland. ● Once Czechoslovakia was dismembered Britain and France responded by essentially backing Poland and Hitler responded by signing a non-aggression with the Soviet Union in the summer of 1939 ● The German-Soviet pact agreed Poland be split between the two powers, the new pact allowed Germany to attack Poland without fear of Soviet intervention The Attack ● On September 1st, 1939 Germany invaded Warsaw, Poland ● Schleswig-Holstein, a German Battleship at 4:45am began to fire on the Polish garrison in Westerplatte Fort, Danzig. -
1 P247 Musketry Regulations, Part II RECORDS' IDENTITY STATEMENT Reference Number
P247 Musketry Regulations, Part II RECORDS’ IDENTITY STATEMENT Reference number: GB1741/P247 Alternative reference number: Title: Musketry Regulations, Part II Dates of creation: 1910 Level of description: Fonds Extent: 1 volume Format: Paper RECORDS’ CONTEXT Name of creators: The War Office Administrative history: The War Office was a department of the British Government, responsible for the administration of the British Army between the 17th century and 1964, when its functions were transferred to the Ministry of Defence. The name "War Office" is also often given to the former home of the department, the Old War Office Building on Horse Guards Avenue, London. The War Office declined greatly in importance after the First World War, a fact illustrated by the drastic reductions in its staff numbers during the inter-war period. On 1 April 1920, it employed 7,434 civilian staff; this had shrunk to 3,872 by 1 April 1930. Its responsibilities and funding were also reduced. In 1936, the government of Stanley Baldwin appointed a Minister for Co-ordination of Defence, who worked outside of the War Office. When Winston Churchill became Prime Minister in 1940, he bypassed the War Office altogether and appointed himself Minister of Defence (though there was, curiously, no ministry of defence until 1947). Clement Attlee continued this arrangement when he came to power in 1945 but appointed a separate Minister of Defence for the first time in 1947. In 1964, the present form of the Ministry of Nucleus: The Nuclear and Caithness Archives 1 Defence was established, unifying the War Office, Admiralty, and Air Ministry. -
Freeman's Folly
Chapter 9 Freeman’s Folly: The Debate over the Development of the “Unarmed Bomber” and the Genesis of the de Havilland Mosquito, 1935–1940 Sebastian Cox The de Havilland Mosquito is, justifiably, considered one of the most famous and effective military aircraft of the Second World War. The Mosquito’s devel- opment is usually portrayed as being a story of a determined and independent aircraft company producing a revolutionary design with very little input com- ing from the official Royal Air Force design and development process, which normally involved extensive consultation between the Air Ministry’s technical staff and the aircraft’s manufacturer, culminating in an official specification being issued and a prototype built. Instead, so the story goes, de Havilland’s design team thought up the concept of the “unarmed speed bomber” all by themselves and, despite facing determined opposition from the Air Ministry and the raf, got it adopted by persuading one important and influential senior officer, Wilfrid Freeman, to put it into production (Illustration 9.1).1 Thus, before it proved itself in actuality a world-beating design, it was known in the Ministry as “Freeman’s Folly”. Significantly, even the UK Official History on the “Design and Development of Weapons”, published in 1964, perpetuated this explanation, stating that: When … [de Havilland] found itself at the beginning of the war short of orders and anxious to contribute to the war effort they proceeded to design an aeroplane without any official prompting from the Air Minis- try. They had to think out for themselves the whole tactical and strategic purpose of the aircraft, and thus made a number of strategic and tactical assumptions which were not those of the Air Staff. -
The Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force in Anti-Submarine Warfare Policy, 1918-1945
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository THE ROYAL NAVY AND THE ROYAL AIR FORCE IN ANTI-SUBMARINE WARFARE POLICY, 1918-1945. By JAMES NEATE A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham September 2012 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis examines the roles played by the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force in the formulation of Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) policy from 1918 to 1945. Its focus is on policy relating to the use of air power, specifically fixed-wing shore-based aircraft, against submarines. After a period of neglect between the Wars, airborne ASW would be pragmatically prioritised during the Second World War, only to return to a lower priority as the debates which had stymied its earlier development continued. Although the intense rivalry between the RAF and RN was the principal influence on ASW policy, other factors besides Service culture also had significant impacts. -
Gemeinsame Zeitung „Gutetiden“ Der Ostfriesischen Insel Erschienen Ostfriesische Inseln Gmbh Goethestr
Auslagehinweis Gemeinsame Zeitung „gutetiden“ der Ostfriesischen Insel erschienen Ostfriesische Inseln GmbH Goethestr. 1 26757 Borkum T. 04922 933 120 M. 0151 649 299 53 Geschäftsführer: Göran Sell www.ostfriesische-inseln.de gutetiden Ausgabe 01 - Das Beste in der Nordsee. In unserer ersten Ausgabe von "gutetiden" erfahren Sie mehr zur Gründung der Ostfriesische Inseln GmbH, zum kostbaren Vermächtnis - dem UNESCO-Weltnaturerbe Wattenmeer, sehen die Inselwelt von oben und erfahren Spannendes über das Leben der Insulaner. gutetiden ist auf den Inseln in den Tourist Informationen erhältlich oder kann ganz bequem über diesen Link geblättert https://issuu.com/ostfriesische-inseln/docs/zeitung- ofi_ausgabe_01 werden. Viel Freude beim Lesen. www.ostfriesische-inseln.de Auf Wangerooge finden Interessierte die „gutetiden“ im ServiceCenter der Kurverwaltung sowie in der Tourist Information in der Zedeliusstraße und im Meerwasser-Erlebnisbad und Gesundheitszentrum Oase. Über die Ostfriesische Inseln GmbH: Die Ostfriesische Inseln GmbH wurde im Dezember 2017 als Dachorganisation gegründet. Ihr Anspruch ist es, die Stärken der Ostfriesischen Inseln nach außen zu tragen und sie als international führende Urlaubsregion zu etablieren. Schon jetzt gehören die Ostfriesischen Inseln zu den Top-Destinationen in Deutschland. Durch den Tourismus erwirtschaften sie einen Bruttoumsatz von rund 1 Milliarde Euro im Jahr. Gesellschafter der Ostfriesische Inseln GmbH sind die Tourismusorganisationen der Inseln Borkum, Juist, Norderney, Langeoog, Spiekeroog und Wangerooge – außerdem die Reedereien AG EMS, AG Norden- Frisia, Baltrum-Linie GmbH & Co. KG, Schiffahrt Langeoog, Schifffahrt Spiekeroog und in Kürze auch Schifffahrt Wangerooge. Der Geschäftsführer der Ostfriesische Inseln GmbH ist Göran Sell, der gleichzeitig auch Geschäftsführer der Nordseeheilbad Borkum GmbH ist. Den Vorsitz der Gesellschafterversammlung hat Wilhelm Loth, Geschäftsführer der Staatsbad Norderney GmbH. -
Hans Kammler, Hitler's Last Hope, in American Hands
WORKING PAPER 91 Hans Kammler, Hitler’s Last Hope, in American Hands By Frank Döbert and Rainer Karlsch, August 2019 THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES Christian F. Ostermann and Charles Kraus, Series Editors This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources from all sides of the post-World War II superpower rivalry. Among the activities undertaken by the Project to promote this aim are the Wilson Center's Digital Archive; a periodic Bulletin and other publications to disseminate new findings, views, and activities pertaining to Cold War history; a fellowship program for historians to conduct archival research and study Cold War history in the United States; and international scholarly meetings, conferences, and seminars. The CWIHP Working Paper series provides a speedy publication outlet for researchers who have gained access to newly-available archives and sources related to Cold War history and would like to share their results and analysis with a broad audience of academics, journalists, policymakers, and students. CWIHP especially welcomes submissions which use archival sources from outside of the United States; offer novel interpretations of well-known episodes in Cold War history; explore understudied events, issues, and personalities important to the Cold War; or improve understanding of the Cold War’s legacies and political relevance in the present day. -
8 Oberste Kommandobehörden Und Dienststellen Der Wehrmacht
8.1.1 Adjutantur der Wehrmacht beim Führer 427 8 OBERSTE KOMMANDOBEHÖRDEN UND DIENSTSTELLEN DER WEHRMACHT Die schriftliche Überlieferung der Kommandobehörden, Stäbe, Truppenteile und Dienst- stellen der Wehrmacht aus der Zeit der Aufrüstung ab 1933 und dem Zweiten Welt- krieg ist zu einem großen Teil, insbesondere auch durch die Vernichtung der Bestände des Heeresarchivs in Potsdam durch einen Luftangriff im April 1945, nur sehr un- vollständig. Sie wird bis auf kleinere Bestände im früheren Militärarchiv der DDR in Potsdam und Bestände des Kriegsarchivs der Waffen-SS in der Tschechoslowakei überwiegend im Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv in Freiburg verwahrt und ist in der Über- sicht DAS BUNDES ARCHIV UND SEINE BESTÄNDE, 3. Aufl. 1977, S. 158-187, 203-263, 271-295, 299-340 hinreichend beschrieben. Im folgenden werden lediglich Bestände durch ergänzende Angaben oder Verweise berücksichtigt, die Quellen zur all- gemeinen politischen Geschichte, vor allem zum Verhältnis zur NSDAP und zur zivilen Verwaltung, oder zur Geschichte einzelner Regionen im späteren Gebiet der Bundesre- publik Deutschland enthalten. Schriftgut der Wehrmachtgerichtsbarkeit ist im Abschnitt 3.2.2.2 behandelt. Ergänzungsüberlieferung findet sich häufig in Akten des Sachgebiets Zivile Reichsverteidigung der Behörden der allgemeinen inneren Verwaltung (Kapitel 2), die Gegenüberlieferung ziviler Rüstungsdienststellen wird im Abschnitt 6.1.4 nach- gewiesen. LÌL: SCHRIFTEN ZUM STAATSAUFBAU 25, 26 und 31/32. 1939. - R. ABSOLON: Die Wehrmacht im Dritten Reich. 6 Bde. 1969 ff. - F. Frh. v. SŒGLER: Die höheren Dienststellen der deutschen Wehrmacht 1933-1945. 1953. - B. MUELLER-HILLEBRAND: Das Heer 1933-1945. 3 Bde. 1954-1969. - W. LOH- MANN und H. H. HILDEBRAND: Die deutsche Kriegsmarine 1939-1945. -
(1) Abel, Hans Karl, Briefe Eines Elsässischen Bauer
296 Anhang 1: Primärliteraturliste (inklusive sämtlicher bearbeiteter Titel) (1) Abel, Hans Karl, Briefe eines elsässischen Bauernburschen aus dem Weltkrieg an einen Freund 1914-1918, Stuttgart/Berlin 1922.1 (2) Adler, Bruno, Der Schuß in den Weltfrieden. Die Wahrheit über Serajewo, Stuttgart: Dieck 1931. (3) Aellen, Hermann, Hauptmann Heizmann. Tagebuch eines Schweizers, Graz: Schweizer Heimat 1925. (4) Ahrends, Otto, An der Somme1916. Kriegs-Tagebuch von Otto Ahrends, Lt. Gefallen an der Somme 26. Nov. 1916., Berlin 1919. (erstmals 1916) (5) Ahrends, Otto, Mit dem Regiment Hamburg in Frankreich, München 1929. (6) Alberti, Rüdiger, Gott im Krieg. Erlebnisse an der Westfront. Berlin: Acker-Verlag 1930. (7) Alverdes, Paul, Die Pfeiferstube, Frankfurt am Main: Rütten & Loening Verlag 1929. (8) Alverdes, Paul, Reinhold oder die Verwandelten, München: G. Müller 1932. (9) Andreev, Leonid [Nikolaevič], Leonid Andrejew. Ein Nachtgespräch, Hrsg. v. Davis Erdtracht, Wien / Berlin / New York: Renaissance [1922]. (10) Arndt, Richard, Mit 15 Jahren an die Front. Als kriegsfreiwilliger Jäger quer durch Frankreich, die Karpathen und Italien, Leipzig: Koehler & Amelang 1930. (11) Arnim, Hans Dietlof von, Dreieinhalb Jahre in Frankreich als Neffe des Kaisers. Ge- fangenen-Erinnerungen, Berlin 1920. (12) Arnou, Z., Kämpfer im Dunkel, Leipzig: Goldmann 1929. (13) Arz [v. Straußenberg, Artur], Zur Geschichte des großen Krieges 1914 – 1918. Auf- zeichnungen, Wien / Leipzig / München: Rikola Verlag 1924. (14) Aschauer, Auf Schicksals Wegen gen Osten, Münster i. W.: Heliosverlag 1930. (15) Baden, Maximilian Prinz von: Erinnerungen und Dokumente, Berlin / Leipzig 1927. (16) Balla, Erich, „Landsknechte wurden wir ...“ Abenteuer aus dem Baltikum, Berlin: Tradition 1932. (17) Bartels, Albert, Auf eigene Faust. Erlebnisse vor und während des Weltkrieges in Ma- rokko, Leipzig 1925.