Index

Note: Page numbers followed by “n” denote endnotes

A Adhuri, D.A., 187 Abbott, Tony, 207, 219–23 AEC. See ASEAN Economic Abdullah Badawi, 181, 185 Community (AEC) ABIF. See ASEAN Banking AFC. See Asian financial crisis (AFC) Integration Framework (ABIF) African Union, 30 ABMI. See Asian Bond Market Afro-Asian Summit, 43 Initiatives (ABMI) Agus Suhartono, 166 abuse of migrant rights, 113, 114, 116, Ahtisaari, Martti, 235, 238 126 AICHR. See ASEAN Aceh conflict, 232. See also Gerakan Intergovernmental Commission Aceh Merdeka (GAM) on Human Rights (AICHR) Malaysia, Acehnese diaspora in, AIF. See ASEAN Infrastructure Fund 233–34 (AIF) Special Military Operation Zone, 233 “all directions foreign policy”, 33 Tiro, Hasan, 233, 234 Aly Ghufron (Mukhlas), 141 Acehnese refugees, 250n3 Ambalat dispute, 178, 187–89, 193 Aceh peace process, 11–12, 231. See AMRO. See ASEAN+3 also Law on the Governing of Macroeconomic Research Office Aceh (LoGA) (AMRO) Helsinki process, 237–39 Anti-Corruption Working Group, 63 Aceh tsunami recovery, 89, 91 anti-Malaysia chauvinism, 178 ACIA Reservation List. See ASEAN Anti-Subversion Law (1963), 138 Comprehensive Investment antiterrorism Agreement (ACIA) Reservation Detachment 88 and, 139 List infrastructure, 148 ADB. See Asian Development Bank Anti-Terrorism Assistance (ATA) (ADB) programme, 140

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Anti-Terrorism Law No. 15/2003, 139, ASEAN+3 Research Group, 65 140, 147 ASEAN Political and Security antiterror strategy, 138–39 Community, 16, 27 Anwar, Dewi Fortuna, 5, 6, 35, 212 ASEAN Regional Forum, 161 APEC. See Asia-Pacific Economic ASEAN Summit, 47, 64 Cooperation (APEC) ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement Arab Spring, 50, 51 (ATIGA), 67 Ardiansyah, F., 197 “ASEAN Way”, 21, 40, 163 Armed Forces Law (Law 34/2004), Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), 30 246 Asian Bond Market Initiatives ASEAN. See Association of Southeast (ABMI), 65 Asian Nations (ASEAN) Asian Development Bank (ADB), 66 ASEAN Banking Integration Asian financial crisis (AFC), 60, 88, Framework (ABIF), 66 90, 107, 117, 120, 184 ASEAN chairmanship, 27 Asia-Pacific Community (2020), 214 Bali Concord III, 27 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Myanmar, 17 (APEC), 30, 47, 62 post-2015 vision, 29 Association of Southeast Asian ASEAN Charter, 39, 40 Nations (ASEAN), 4, 61, 180, 188 ASEAN–China Code of Conduct centrality, 27, 160–61 framework, 164, 168 China and, 160–61 ASEAN Community, 20–21, 27, 29 consensus-based diplomacy, 42 ASEAN Comprehensive Investment economic agenda, 62 Agreement (ACIA) Reservation financial integration, 79n6 List, 63 Foreign Ministers’ Meeting (2012), ASEAN Declaration (2002), 23 40 “ASEAN Development Goals”, 29 Indonesia as primus inter pares, 33, ASEAN Economic Community 38–42 (AEC), 62, 64, 65, 67, 78, 93, 102 Indonesia’s regional economic ASEAN Free Trade Area (FTA), 63 cooperation, 63–68, 77 ASEAN Human Rights Declaration regional economic cooperation, (2012), 16 63–68 ASEAN Infrastructure Fund (AIF), 66 during SBY’s presidency, 63–64 ASEAN Intergovernmental security community, 38–39 Commission on Human Rights “security shield of friendship”, 161 (AICHR), 16, 39 Six-Point Principles on the South “ASEAN minus X”, 40 China Sea, 164 ASEAN Plus, 8 Treaty of Amity and Cooperation, ASEAN+3 framework, 28, 64, 79 38, 47 ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research unity, South China Sea conflict and, Office (AMRO), 65 23–25

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asylum seekers Autonomy Law 18/2001, 247, 248 Australia, 206 Avrist Assurance, 93 in Indonesia, 215 Papua, 210–11 B and people smuggling, 219, 220 Ba’asyir, Abu Bakar, 145, 211, 212, 224 ATA programme. See Anti-Terrorism Bachelard, Michael, 218, 223 Assistance (ATA) programme Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Athukorala, P., 128n6 Terorisme (BNPT), 145–46, 149 ATIGA. See ASEAN Trade in Goods Badan Nasional Penempatan dan Agreement (ATIGA) Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Australian Federal Police, 140 Indonesia (BNP2TKI), 116, 117, Australian–Indonesian relationships, 120, 121, 126, 129n17, 132n43 11 Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Abbott, Tony, 219–23 (BPJS), 96 arrest and trial, 206 Bali bombings, 10, 136, 137–39, 147, asylum seekers, 206, 215 211 Bintan island, 215 Bali Concord II, 38 climate change cooperation, 213 Bali Concord III, 27, 29 defence white paper (2009), 217 Bali Democracy Forum (BDF), 17, domestic constraints, 215, 218, 223 48–49, 214 engagement with Asia, 218 Institute for Peace and Democracy, Gillard, Julia, 216–19 51 government-to-government ties, Bali Principles, 29 205, 208, 217, 224 Banda Aceh Howard, John. 207–12 IAIN Ar-Raniry in, 241 Jemaah Islamiyah terrorist and Jakarta, 242, 243 network, 209, 211 bangsa serumpun, 185 legal system, 211 Bank Central Asia, 89 Oceanic Viking incident, 215, 216 Bank Century, 91 people smuggling cooperation, 206, Bank Danamon, 89 210, 219, 221–23 Ban Ki-moon, 52 refugee policy, 207 Bank Indonesia, 89 Rudd, Kevin, 212, 213–16 banking sector security treaty, 205 Indonesia, 88–89, 91 smuggling cooperation with, 210 Japan, 92–93 transnational crime, 206 Bank International Indonesia (BII), 89 2013 election, 206 Bank Mandiri, 88 white paper, 217, 218 Bank Negara Indonesia (BNI), 88–89, automotive sector 93 Japan’s investement, 86, 93 Bank Niaga, 89 Korean brands, 87–88 Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI), 88

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Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN), 89 C Bank Tabungan Pensiun Nasional Cambodia (BTPN), 93 ASEAN chairmanship, 160, 164 Basri, Chatib, 53, 74, 75 Jakarta Informal Meetings on, 4, 41 BDF. See Bali Democracy Forum (BDF) Cambodia–Thailand border dispute, bebas aktif foreign policy, 3, 5, 34–35 21–22 beef production, Indonesia, 94 Carr, Andrew, 213, 217 BII. See Bank International Indonesia Celebes Sea, 183 (BII) Cessation of Hostilities Agreement bilateral relationships, Indonesia, (COHA), 232, 234–35 184–87, 209 Chiang Mai Initiative Bilateral Swap, development, 207 64, 65 institutions and frameworks, 19 Chiang Mai Initiative personal dimension to, 179 Multilateralization (CMIM), 47, security cooperation, 199 65, 76 in Southeast Asia, 176 China Yudhoyono’s desire for, 205 and ASEAN, 160–61 Bishop, Julie, 220 assertiveness, 154, 160 blue collar workers, movement of, disputed territories, 92 107, 108 infrastructure projects, 100 BNI. See Bank Negara Indonesia as key trading partner, 84 (BNI) low-end manufacturing activity, 93 BNPT. See Badan Nasional “nine-dash line”, 153, 156, 165 Penanggulangan Terorisme South China Sea policies, 161 (BNPT) Suharto and, 85 BNP2TKI. See Badan Nasional China–Indonesia relationship, 45, 154, Penempatan dan Perlindungan 159–60, 162, 170n15 Tenaga Kerja Indonesia infrastructure projects, 100 (BNP2TKI) trade ties, 8, 9, 90, 97, 100 Boediono, 53, 144, 220 Chong, J.W., 190 border diplomacy, 20 Christensen, Juha, 238 Borneo, territories in, 178 CIMB-Niaga Bank, 143 Boxing Day tsunami (2004), 12 Ciorciari, John, 7 BPJS. See Badan Penyelenggara Citibank, 86, 87 Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Clark, Marshall, 11 Brazil, Russia, India, China, and climate change, G20 commitments South Africa (BRICS), 68 on, 70–71 British colonial authorities, 181 CMI. See Crisis Management Brown, C., 178 Initiative (CMI) BTN. See Bank Tabungan Negara (BTN) CMIM. See Chiang Mai Initiative Bush, George W., 52 Multilateralization (CMIM)

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Code of Conduct (COC) framework, D 164, 168 Dai Ichi, 93 COHA. See Cessation of Hostilities Darul Islam, 138 Agreement (COHA) Declaration on the Conduct of Parties commodity-driven economies, 92 in the South China Sea (DOC), comprehensive law (Law Number 25, 161 39), 116 defence white paper (2009), 217 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban “democratic instinct”, 5 Treaty (CTBT), 30, 52 democratic institutionalization, 2 Comprehensive Strategic Partnership democratization, 15, 34, 38, 118 (2013), 45 Department of Foreign Affairs and “concentric circles” concept, 34 Trade, 210 Conference of the New Emerging Desk Koordinasi Pemberantasan Forces (CONEFO), 179 Terorisme (DKPT), 145 contract migrants, 107, 117 Detachment 88, 139, 140, 146, 148, Corby, Schapelle, 209–10, 217 150n6 Corruption Eradication Commission Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR), 37, (KPK), 2 139 counterterrorism, 210 Djalal, Hashim, 164 agency, 145 Djuanda Declaration (1956), 157 cooperation, 44 DKPT. See Desk Koordinasi efforts, 18, 30, 137–39 Pemberantasan Terorisme during SBY era, 147, 199 (DKPT) Cribb, R.B., 178 “doughnut proposal”, 164 criminal justice system, 141–43 DPR. See Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat courts, 142, 148 (DPR) prisons system, 143, 148 DPR-RI, 241 prosecution service, 141–42 Dulmatin, 145, 151n15 rehabilitation programme, 143 Dulsani-Lamiem tragedy, 197 terrorism trials, 142 dynamic equilibrium, concept of, Criminal Procedure Code, Article 85, 33–35, 154, 169n1 142 Crisis Management Initiative (CMI), E 238, 248 East Asia Summit (EAS), 28–29, 161, cross-border environmental issues, 208, 217 181 Bali Principles, 29 CTBT. See Comprehensive Nuclear Indonesia and, 46–47 Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) East Timor crisis, 4, 38, 40, 44, 48, 205, cultural contestations, 189–91 207, 236 cultural heritage, 177, 178, 181 Economic Review and Policy Cyclone Nargis crisis, 39 Dialogue (ERPD), 64–65

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Emmerson, Donald, 35, 50 democratization in, 15–16 Endriartono Sutarto, 232 human rights policies, 16–18 era Reformasi, 233 Palestine issue, 31 ERPD. See Economic Review and South China Sea conflict, 22–27 Policy Dialogue (ERPD) Forest Carbon Partnership (2008), 213 European debt crisis, 75 Forests 11, 30 European Union (EU), 30 Forum for East Asia and Latin development programme, 240 America Cooperation (FEALAC), financial integration, 73 30 rotating presidency of, 235 Free Aceh Movement (GAM), 12, 233 eurozone debt crisis, 72 Freeport McMoran, 86, 94 Evans, Gareth, 52 fuel subsidies, 91, 92

F G “fair dinkum partnership”, 224 Gaddafi, Muammar, 234 Fajarina, Daisy, 192, 200n4 GAM. See Gerakan Aceh Merdeka Farallon Capital Management, 89 (GAM) FEALAC. See Forum for East Asia “Ganyang Malaysia”, 177 and Latin America Cooperation Garnaut, Ross, 71 (FEALAC) GDP. See gross domestic product Fealy, Greg, 212 (GDP) female labour migration, 108, 112 G7. See Group of Seven (G7) Fernandez, Irine, 130n29 G8. See Group of Eight (G8) financial crisis, G20 commitments on, G20. See Group of Twenty (G20) 72–74 Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (GAM), 12, Financial Inclusion Peer Learning 91, 233, 234. See also Majelis Program, 72 Pemerintahan Gerakan Aceh Fitriani, Evi, 3, 6, 216 Merdeka (MP-GAM) foreign debt, Indonesia, 86, 90, 91 memorandum of understanding, foreign diplomacy, 178, 187 238–39, 242 foreign economic policy, 8–9 negotiations with, 235–37 foreign policy, Indonesia, 3–4, 15 SIRA and, 247 ASEAN chairmanship, 27–29 Special Autonomy Law, 236, 239 ASEAN Community-building, Sweden, leadership, 235, 237, 238 20–21 “terrorist organisation”, 236 ASEAN Political and Security Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Community, 16 Aceh, 240–44 Bali Democracy Forum, 17 Unrepresented Nations and border diplomacy, 20 Peoples Organisation, 234 Cambodia–Thailand border GFC. See global financial crisis (GFC) dispute, 21–22 Gillard, Julia, 216–19, 221

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global financial crisis (GFC), 9, 61, 65, Hidayah, Anis, 121 75, 78 Hishammuddin Hussein, 193 global monetary coordination, 76 Holst, F., 186 post-GFC period, 67–68, 75, 78 “honest broker” status, Indonesia, 153 structural reform, 75–76 Howard, John Goh, Evelyn, 36 Australia–Indonesia relationships, Graham, Euan, 35 207 gross domestic product (GDP), 60, government, 210 90, 91 Lombok Treaty (2006), 208–9 Group of Eight (G8), 69–70 memoir, 208 Group of Seven (G7), 52–53, 79n7 “Pacific Solution”, 215 Group of 77 (G77), 30 undiplomatic approach, 212 Group of Twenty (G20), 31, 52–54, 61, Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang, 207–8 68, 77, 185, 213 Hugo, Graeme, 107 agenda, 8, 62, 69, 73 Humanitarian Pause, 234, 237 Anti-Corruption Working Group, human rights promotion, 48 63 Husain, Farid, 12, 238 climate change, 70–71 Husna, F., 129n21 Financial Inclusion Peer Learning Hussein Onn, 180 Program, 72 infrastructure, 69–70 I managing financial crisis, 72–74 IAMM. See Informal ASEAN policy coordination, 74–76 Ministerial Meeting (IAMM) “Guidelines for the Implementation IBRA. See Indonesia Bank of the Declaration on the Restructuring Agency (IBRA) Conduct of Parties in the South ICITAP. See International Criminal China Sea”, 164 Investigative Training Assistance Gyngell, Allan, 208, 209 Program (ICITAP) ICJ. See International Court of Justice H (ICJ) Habibie, B.J., 1, 88, 167 IGGI. See Inter-Governmental Group aircraft industry, 102 on Indonesia (IGGI) referendum policy, 4 illegal, unreported, and unregulated Habir, Manggi, 8, 9 (IUU) fishing, 157, 159, 170n9 Hamas, 50 ILO. See International Labour Hatta, Mohammad, 2, 3, 43, 186 Organization (ILO) HDC. See Henry Dunant Centre IMET programme. See International (HDC) Military Education and Training Helsinki peace process, 12, 237–39 (IMET) programme Henry Dunant Centre (HDC), 235, IMF. See International Monetary Fund 238 (IMF)

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IMF-linked Regional Financial regional institutions, 46–47 Arrangements, 76 steering between great powers, “independent and active” doctrine, 43–46 161 Indo-Pacific Treaty, 29, 42, 47 Indian Ocean Rim Association Indrayana, Denny, 141 (IORA), 30 Informal ASEAN Ministerial Meeting Indonesia as primus inter pares, 33, 38 (IAMM), 41 institution-shaping, 38–41 infrastructure investment, G20 mediating role, 41–42 commitments on, 69–70 Indonesia Automatic Fingerprint infrastructure projects, China, 100 Identification System (Inafis), 139 Institute for Peace and Democracy, 48 Indonesia Bank Restructuring Agency Institute of Ecosoc Rights (2007), (IBRA), 88 129n16 Indonesia Infrastructure Guarantee Inter-Governmental Group on Fund, 70 Indonesia (IGGI), 86 Indonesian armed forces (TNI). See Internal Security Act, 138 Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) International Court of Justice (ICJ), Indonesian Constitution, 242 181, 183, 188 Indonesian diplomats, 39, 48 International Criminal Investigative Indonesian economy, 88 Training Assistance Program Yudhoyono’s first term, 89–91 (ICITAP), 140 Yudhoyono’s second term, 89, international economic cooperation 92–94 Asian financial crisis, 60 Indonesian Employers’ Association, Association of Southeast Asian 73 Nations, 63–68 Indonesian Ministry of Defence, 158 global financial crisis (2008), 61 Indonesia Raya, 186 Group of Twenty. See Group of Indonesia’s Communist Party (PKI), Twenty (G20) 85 international labour migration, 9 Indonesia’s global position, under abuse of migrant rights, 113, 114 Yudhoyono administration, bilateral agreements, 106 47–48 blue collar workers movement, 107, bridging democratic and non- 108 democratic states, 48–49 changing number of, 110 bridging Muslim world and West, in China, 123 49–51 contract migrants, 107 prominence in global institutions, economic and social policy, 106 51–54 female domestic workers, 106, 118 “Indonesia solution”, 215 feminization process, 112 Indo-Pacific region, 42–43 flow and stock, 110, 128n10 dynamic equilibrium, 28 gender-differentiation trends, 111–12

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government policy on, 112, 115 leadership, ASEAN centrality and, Hong Kong, 117 160–61 Japan, 117 Natunas and, 157 “labour surplus” economies, 107 SCS concerns, 158 Law 39/2004, 115 Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Malaysia. See Malaysia–Indonesia Cooperation (JCLEC), 140 relationships Jakarta Informal Meetings, 4, 41 management of, 115–18 Jakarta’s policy responses, 162 moratorium policy, 112 multilateral responses, 162–65 national and international tensions, unilateral responses, 165–67 108 Japan Saudi Arabia. See Saudi Arabia– automotive sector, 86 Indonesia relationships banking and insurance, 92–93 South Korea, 117, 123 electronics, 86 Taiwan, 112, 117 Indonesia’s missed investments of, trends and pattern, 109–14 89–90, 92–93 unregulated migrant labour, insurance market, 93 113–14, 128n7, 128n9 trade ties with Indonesia, 84–86, 97 and Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang, JCLEC. See Jakarta Centre for Law 106 Enforcement Cooperation International Labour Organization (JCLEC) (ILO), 105, 123, 130n24, 131n32 Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) terrorist International Maritime Bureau, 158 network, 140, 150n2, 209, 211 International Military Education and Joint Understanding on a Code of Training (IMET) programme, 44 Conduct, 223 International Monetary Fund (IMF), Jones, Lee, 37 4, 88 Jotzo, Frank, 71 International Organization for JTrust, 93 Migration (IOM), 108 IORA. See Indian Ocean Rim K Association (IORA) kafala contract system, 125, 126 Iraq War, 232 Kahin, George, 180 Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) Kalla, Jusuf, 2, 12, 144, 232, 238 terror group, 137, 148 Kassim, Y.R., 187 IUU fishing. See illegal, unreported, Khalid, K.M., 193 and unregulated (IUU) fishing Khazanah, 89 Konfrontasi (confrontation), 5, 179, 194 J Ambalat dispute, 188 Jakarta, 40, 161 military and diplomatic elements, Banda Aceh and, 242, 243 179 in boundary disputes, 157 post-Konfrontasi rapprochement, 180

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Sipadan and Ligitan islands, 181–84 M Sukarno’s subsequent policy, 178 Mahathir Mohamad, 178, 180, 184–87 KPK. See Corruption Eradication Majelis Pemerintahan Gerakan Aceh Commission (KPK) Merdeka (MP-GAM), 235, 251n5 Malari (Malapetaka Lima Belas Januari) L riots, 84, 87 Labor Opposition, 212 “Malay blood brotherhood”, 177 labour migration, Indonesia, 110–13. Malaysia See also international labour Acehnese diaspora in, 233–34 migration Federation of Malaysia, 178 labour standards, 10, 117, 121 GAM representatives in, 235 Laksmana, Evan A., 5, 10 “Ganyang Malaysia”, 177 Land Fund, 70 Malaysia–Indonesia relationships, 11, Laskar Merah Putih, 192 118, 184, 191, 194 Law on the Governing of Aceh Ambalat, 187–89, 193 (LoGA), 12, 239–40 Asia–Africa bloc, 178 Article 11, 243 bilateral trade, 198 Article 156, 245 border zone, 187 Article 7, 243 confrontation (1963–66), 177 Article 251, 247 cultural contestations, 189–91 Article 203, 246 cultural heritage, 177, 178, 181 Article 228, 246–47 democratization, 118 Article 202, 246 diplomatic sphere, 178 Banda Aceh and Jakarta, 242, 243 domestic workers in, 112, 114, 123 criticism of, 248–49 female domestic workers, 112, 118 drafting team, 241 foreign workers in, 184, 199 and Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, 240–44 fundamental problem for, 185 implementation process, 240 government-to-government Indonesian Constitution, 242 relationships, 119 legislative process, 241–42 “guest worker” regime in, 130n30 May, Bernhard, 240 income and wages, 121–23 memorandum of understanding, independence, 186 231, 238, 239, 242, 244, 246, 248 investments, 184 shortcomings of, 248 Konfrontasi. See Konfrontasi SIRA and, 244–45, 248 (confrontation) Law 39/2004, 115, 126 labour force, 184 Lehman financial crisis (2008), 91 labour legislation, 120 Liddle, R. William, 3 labour migration, 199 Lippo Bank, 89 labour standards and rights, 117 Lombok Treaty, 208, 209, 214 language and religion, 198 Los Cabos Summit, 70–72 liberal mass media, 177

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“Malay blood brotherhood”, 177 Mattangkilang, T., 189 “Manodrama”, 192–95 May, Bernhard, 240 manufacturing sectors in, 119 Mbeki, Thabo, 53 migrant workers in, 113, 118–20 McRae, David, 11 moratorium, 115, 121 Medium Term Development Plan, national identity, 195 2010–15 (RPJMN), 115 New Order period, 116, 119 MEF. See Minimum Essential Force Non-Aligned Movement, 179 (MEF) non-government organizations Megawati Sukarnoputri, 1, 88, 147, movement, 118 207, 232, 236, 237 physical abuse of migrants, 119 “government regulation in lieu of prosaic/pragmatic approach, 177 legislation”, 137 regional and extra-regional presidential instruction No. 4/2002, connections, 185 138 registered and unregistered prioritized domestic affairs, 4 migrants, 114 Meiji Yasuda Life, 93 serumpun, notion of, 177 Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG), “sibling” identity, 176, 184 30 Sipadan and Ligitan Islands, 182, Melayu Raya (Greater Malaya), 186 184, 188, 200n2 Merkel, Angela, 73 territorial disputes, 181, 183 micro, small and medium enterprises and Thailand, 108–9 (MSMEs), 72 transnational forest fire haze, 195–98 Mietzner, Markus, 54 undocumented migrants, 108, Migrant Worker Convention (1990), 113–14, 123 120 Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang, 176 MIKTA (Mexico, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysian “business tourists”, 184 Turkey and Australia), 30–31, Malaysian national anthem, 190 53–54 Malik Mahmud, 235 Milner, A., 185, 209 Manning, C., 9, 128n6 Minimum Essential Force (MEF), 158, “Manodrama”, 192–95 167 Manohara Odelia Pinot, 192 mining industry, 93–94 Mapson, L., 190 Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Marriott Hotel bombing (2003), 136, 144 Affairs, 159 Marsudi, Retno, 198 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 163 Master Plan of ASEAN Connectivity Ministry of Manpower work plan (MPAC), 66–67 (RENSTRA), 115–17 Master Plan on the Expansion and Missbach, Antje, 11 Acceleration of Indonesia’s Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Group Economic Development (MP3EI), (MSIG), 93 71 Mizuho Bank, 93

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“More Jakarta Less Geneva” foreign national oil assets, 86 policy, 221 Natuna waters, 157 Morrison, Scott, 222 defence infrastructure, 165–66 MPAC. See Master Plan of ASEAN government initiatives, 167 Connectivity (MPAC) illegal fishing in, 159 MP-GAM. See Majelis Pemerintahan Negara, Siwage Dharma, 8 Gerakan Aceh Merdeka Neilson, Jeff, 219 (MP-GAM) New Colombo Plan, 220 MP3EI. See Master Plan on the Newmont Mining Corp, 94 Expansion and Acceleration “New Order”, 4, 85, 86, 95, 102, 158, of Indonesia’s Economic 180 Development (MP3EI) “nine-dash line”, China, 153, 156, 165 MSG. See Melanesian Spearhead Nippon Life, 93 Group (MSG) Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), 4, MSIG. See Mitsui Sumitomo 30, 31, 53, 179 Insurance Group (MSIG) non-claimant status, Indonesia, 153, Muadz, Yahya, 247 154 Mujani, Saiful, 5 non-government organizations, 109, Murphy, Ann Marie, 47 235 Muslim world and the “West”, 49–51 Noordin Top, 145, 146 Myanmar Norway ASEAN chairmanship, 17 Acehnese refugees in, 250n3 Indonesia’s approach to, 39 addressing deforestation, 96 liberalization, 39 Nusantara, 186

N O Najib Razak, 181, 185 Obama, Barack, 39, 44, 47, 73 NAM. See Non-Aligned Movement Oceanic Viking incident, 215, 216 (NAM) OECD. See Organization for Nasir, Zulhasril, 191 Economic Cooperation and Natalegawa, Marty, 6–7, 50 Development (OECD) in ASEAN (2011), 39 OIC. See Organisation of Islamic dynamic equilibrium, concept of, 35 Conference/Cooperation (OIC) Indo-Pacific treaty, 42, 47 “omnidirectional amity”, 34, 36, 43, mediation efforts, 41 55 Natalegawa Doctrine, 35 OPDAT programme. See Overseas and Obama, 44 Prosecutorial Development, “Six Principles”, 42 Assistance and Training and Yudhoyono, 164 (OPDAT) programme National Agency for Disaster OPEC. See Organisation of Petroleum Management, 197 Exporting Countries (OPEC)

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Organisation of Islamic Conference/ Perpu. See Peraturan Pemerintah Cooperation (OIC), 4, 31, 50 Pengganti Undang-Undang Organisation of Petroleum Exporting (Perpu) Countries (OPEC), 4 Pertamina, 86 Organization for Economic Philippines Overseas Employment Cooperation and Development Agency (POEA), 117, 127, (OECD), 62 130n24 Overseas Prosecutorial Development, PIDF. See Pacific Island Development Assistance and Training Forum (PIDF) (OPDAT) programme, 140 Pietsch, Juliet, 11 Pittsburgh Summit, 71 P PKI. See Indonesia’s Communist Pacific Island Development Forum Party (PKI) (PIDF), 30 PKMM. See Partai Kebangsaan Pacific Island Forum, 30 Melayu Malaya (PKMM) Palestine, 31, 50 POEA. See Philippines Overseas pan-archipelagic proposal, 187 Employment Agency (POEA) Pancasila, 50, 150 post-ASEAN foreign policy, 40 Pangestu, Mari, 64 post-Konfrontasi rapprochement, 180 Panin Bank, 93 Preah Vihear dispute, 41, 42 Panin Life, 93 prison system, Indonesia, 10 pan-Malay imaginaries, 176 Papua Q asylum seekers, 206, 210–11 quantitative easing (QE), 74 Free Papua Organisation, 234 “quintessential labour surplus Partai Aceh, 241 economy”, 107 Partai Demokrasi Indonesia (PDI), 88 R Partai Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya Razak, Abdul, 180 (PKMM), 186 RCEP. See Regional Comprehensive PDI. See Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Economic Partnership (RCEP) (PDI) reduce emissions from deforestation Pendet, 190 and forest degradation (REDD+), People’s Liberation Army, 160 30, 96 people smuggling cooperation, Reformasi with Australia, 206, 210, 219, era, 48, 84, 88–89, 103, 138, 233 221–23 foreign policy process, 15, 37 Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti post- period, 39, 60 Undang-Undang (Perpu), 137–39, Regional Comprehensive Economic 145, 147 Partnership (RCEP), 64 Permata Bank, 89 rendang, 190

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Reog Ponorogo dance, 190, 191 sea-lanes of communication (SLOC), “Responsibility to Protect”, 52 156 RIAFin. See Roadmap for Monetary Sebatik Island, case of, 189 and Financial Integration of Sentral Informasi Referendum Aceh ASEAN (RIAFin) (SIRA), 244, 248 Richardson, Michael, 210 criticism, 245 Ricklefs, Merle, 207 and GAM, 247 Roadmap for Monetary and Financial statement, 248 Integration of ASEAN (RIAFin), serumpun, 177, 185–87 79n6 Sinapad River, 189 Roberts, Chris, 213 Singapore, 128n6 Rudd, Kevin, 47, 212, 213–16, 221 air pollution, 196 defence white paper (2009), 217 ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic and Gillard, 216–19 Research Office in, 65 policy approach, 215 defence agreement with Indonesia, rumpun Melayu, 185 37 Ruyati Binti Sapubi, 105, 125 Indonesian migrant workers in, 113 Internal Security Act, 138 S JI network, 140–41 Sabah–Kalimantan border, 119 smoke-related deaths, 197 Saddam Hussein, 207 Singapore Strait, 20 saudara serumpun, 185, 198 SIRA. See Sentral Informasi Saudi Arabia–Indonesia relationships, Referendum Aceh (SIRA) 123–26 Siregar, Mahendra, 69 bilateral agreements, 112, 124 “Six-Point Principles on the South death penalty cases, 111 China Sea”, 164 documented migrants, 124 SLOC. See sea-lanes of domestic workers in 2010, 125 communication (SLOC) economy, 124 SMBC. See Sumitomo Mitsui Banking female domestic workers, 112, 124 Corporation (SMBC) investments, 124 Snowden, Edward, 221 joint working committee, 125 Solahudin, 10 kafala system, 125 “Sonora”, 166 labour standards and rights, 117 South China Sea (SCS) large-scale labour migration, 124 armed robbery and piracy in, 158 migrant workers in, 111, 113, 124, boundary disputes, 157 125 China’s policies on, 161 moratorium period with, 115, 124 hydrocarbon and fisheries Ruyati Binti Sapubi, 125 resources, 155 SBY. See Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang Jakarta’s concerns, 158 (SBY) as “litmus test”, 159

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peace in, 156 Konfrontasi (Confrontation) under, sea-lanes of communication, 156 11 South China Sea (SCS) disputes, 10, Sukma, Rizal, 38, 48 41–42 Sumantipal River, 189 ASEAN unity, 23–25 Sumitomo Life, 93 claimant states scenario, 25–26 Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Declaration on the Conduct of Corporation (SMBC), 92–93 Parties in the South China Sea, Suramadu bridge, 100 25, 26 Suriadjaya, William, 86 diplomatic inaction, 26–27 Suryadarma Ali, 144 overlapping claims, 22–23, 26 Susilo, Wahyu, 126 strategic objectives, 23–24 Suu Kyi, Aung San, 39 “zero draft” Code of Conduct, 25 Sweden, GAM leadership in, 235, South China Sea policy, Indonesia, 237, 238 154–55, 162, 166–69. See also Jakarta’s policy responses T ASEAN centrality and cohesion, TAC. See Treaty of Amity and 160–61 Cooperation (TAC) elements of contestation, 155–56 Tanaka, Kakuei, 87 Indonesia–China bilateral relations, Tan, Paige Johnson., 5 159–60 Technical Education and Skills military and security concerns, Development Authority 157–59 (TESDA), 130n24 sovereignty and resources, 156–57 Temasek, 89 Special Autonomy Law (2001), 236, Tentara Nasional Indonesia (TNI), 44, 239, 240 158, 166, 246 Sri Mulyani Indrawati, 52 territorial disputes Stange, Gunnar, 11 with China, 92 stock markets, 75, 88 maritime, 183 St. Petersburg Summit, 74 in South China Sea, 26 Straits of Malacca, 186 Suharto and SBY eras, 187, 188 Suharto, H. Muhammad, 4, 7, 84, terrorism, 10, 136–37 178–80, 184–87 Aceh training camp, 145 advocacy for “Asian values”, 48 antiterrorism infrastructure, 148–49 “concentric circles” approach, 7 Anti-Terrorism Law No. 15/2003, “cooling-off” period, 41 147 military for political violence, 138 antiterror strategy, 138–39, 146 New Order, 85, 95 Badan Nasional Penanggulangan relations with China, 84–85 Terorisme, 145–46 Sukamdi, 9 Bali bombings (2002), 137–38 Sukarno, 2, 3, 85, 177–80 causes of, 147

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counterterrorism operations, 146–47 Undang-Undang Pemerintahan Detachment 88, 139, 140, 146, 148 Aceh (UUPA). See Law on the hard approach, 136–37 Governing of Aceh (LoGA) hotel bombings, 144 undocumented migrant labour. See incentive structure for antiterrorism unregulated migrants labour units, 148 United Malays National Organisation international cooperation to handle, (UMNO), 186, 187 139–40 United Nations (UN), 162 Kalla’s efforts to combat, 144 climate change conference, 213 national counterterrorism agency, Commission on the Limits of the 145 Continental Shelf, 162 Noordin Top, 145 Convention on the Law of the Sea, plot against president, 145 169n2 police force capacity, 139–40 General Assembly, 50 regional intelligence sharing, Human Rights Council, 16–17, 49, 140–41 52 soft approach, 137, 144–47 Millennium Development Goals, Terrorism and Transnational Crime 29 Task Force, 148 Palestine’s admission to, 31 TESDA. See Technical Education and Security Council, 21, 22, 37, 41, 49, Skills Development Authority 51, 52, 179, 232 (TESDA) United States Teuku Don Zulfahri, 235 Anti-Terrorism Assistance Thailand programme, 140 Cambodia and, 21–22 Central Intelligence Agency, 221 Malaysia and, 108–9 Crisis Response Team, 140 Tiro, Hasan, 233–35, 250n4 Energy Information Togar, Toni, 143, 151n14 Administration, 155 Tokyo Conference (1966), 86 foreign banks, 86–87 Toyota Motors, 86 naval deployment, 44 transnational crime, 206 oil companies, 86 transnational forest fire haze, 195–98 trade ties with Indonesia, 84, Transparency International, 103 85–86 Treaty of Amity and Cooperation United States–China relations, 154 (TAC), 29, 38, 47 United States–Indonesian relations, turn-back policy, 221 44 Universitas Malikussaleh, 241 U Universitas Syiah Kuala, 241 UMNO. See United Malays National unregistered migrants, 114 Organisation (UMNO) unregulated migrant labour, 108, UNCLOS, 157, 160, 168 113–14, 128n7, 128n9

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V ASEAN+ monetary and financial Viability Gap Fund, 70 cooperation, 64 Victim Identification team (DVI), Badan Nasional Penempatan dan 139 Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Visser, L.E., 187 Indonesia, 116, 117, 120 Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan W Sosial scheme, 96 Wahid, Abdurrahman, 1, 4, 40, 51, 88, Bali Democracy Forum, leadership 235, 236 of, 48 Weiss, M.L., 179 bebas aktif principle, 5, 34–35 Wibisono, Makarim, 232 bilateral relations, 177 Widodo, Joko, 89, 92, 97, 218, 223 challenges, 34 deradicalization and counter- critique, 51 radicalization efforts, 149 democratization and, 38 fight against terrorism, 147–48 domestic policies, 6 incentive structure for antiterrorism dynamic equilibrium, concept of, units, 148 33–35, 154, 169n1 strengthen BNPT, 149–50 economic challenges during, 60–61 strengthen forces to handle electoral competition, 37 terrorism, 148 fight against corruption, 95, 103 Wihardja, Maria Monica, 8, 78n1 force development plans, 166 Wirajuda, Hassan, 37–39, 49, 50, 236 foreign investment, attraction Wirjawan, Gita, 72 towards, 36 Wong, D., 130n30 foreign policy approach, 3, 6, 7, Workshops on Managing Potential 33–38, 61, 232 Conflicts in the South China Sea, forestry moratorium agreement, 163 96–97 World Movement of Democracy, 5 global position. See Indonesia’s World Trade Organization (WTO), global position, under Indonesia in, 53 Yudhoyono administration Wright, Josephine, 219 government, takeaways from, 101–3 Y handling of terrorism. See terrorism Yacob, S., 193 Indo-Pacific centrality, 42–47 Yamin, Muhammad, 186 international economic cooperation, Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang (SBY), 1, 62 14, 60, 84–85, 105, 176, 205, 249 international labour migration. See Aceh peace process, 232 international labour migration “all directions foreign policy”, 33 international migration and, 9 antiterror strategy, 138–39 interrelated policy concepts, 153–54 armed conflict, resolution to, 231 Law 39/2004, 115, 126

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micro, small and medium South China Sea initiatives, 154, enterprises, 72 162, 166. See also South China migrant workers, rights of, 116 Sea policy, Indonesia “million friends and zero enemies”, sovereignty and solidarity, interests 33–34, 43, 61, 83 in, 49 Ministry of Fisheries and Marine state-owned enterprises, 95 Affairs under, 159 strategy and diplomatic approach, omnidirectional amity, 34, 36, 43, 55 55 strengthening of democratic policy and performance, 107 institutions, 1–2 policy initiatives, 96–97 structural challenges, 116 positioning Indonesia as primus tenure, negatives and positives in, inter pares, 33, 38–42 95 presidency of, 9, 60–63, 176, 177 territorial disputes, 187, 188 Presidential Advisory Council, “total diplomacy”, 37 158 Yusron Ihza Mahendra, 193 presidential elections, 90 “realpolitik” style, 177, 184 Z REDD+ agency, 96 Zainal Abidin Mahama Zain, 193 security ties, 36–37 “zero draft” Code of Conduct, 25

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