DOCSLIB.ORG

Ukraine Country Programme

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ukraine Country Programme Evaluation Service Evaluation of UNHCR’s Ukraine Country Programme September 2017 Full Report ES/2017/03 Commissioned by UNHCR Evaluation Service Conducted by Universalia UNHCR Evaluation Service UNHCR’s Evaluation Policy confirms UNHCR’s commitment to support accountability, learning and continual improvement through the systematic examination and analysis of organisational strategies, policies, and programmes. Evaluations are guided by the principles of independence, impartiality, credibility and utility, and are undertaken to enhance the organization’s performance in addressing the protection, assistance and solution needs of refugees, stateless people and other persons of concern. Evaluation Service United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Case Postale 2500 1211 Genève 2 Switzerland www.unhcr.org Published by UNHCR Evaluation Service Copyright © 2017 UNHCR This document is issued by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees for general distribution. All rights are reserved. Reproduction is authorized, except for commercial purposes, provided UNHCR is acknowledged. Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this Evaluation Report are those of the Evaluation Team, and do not necessarily represent the views of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names and related data shown on maps and included in lists, tables, and documents in this Evaluation Report are not warranted to be error free, nor do they necessarily imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNHCR or the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. FINAL REPORT I Acknowledgements The evaluation team consisted of Yvan Conoir, Julian Murray, Irina Negreyeva and Katerina Stolyarenko. The team wishes to thank UNHCR for its exceptional support throughout, in particular the Principal Evaluation Officer Machiel Salomons, the Kyiv management team Pablo Mateu, Noel Calhoun and Vanno Noupech, and the field offices led by Mamo Mulusew and David Karp in Dnipropetrovsk, Thomas Faustini in Kharkiv, Dumitru Lipcanu in Mariupol, Ivan Saleyeu in Severodonetsk, and who together with their teams facilitated comprehensive field visits. © UNIVERSALIA FINAL REPORT III Executive Summary In November 2016, the Universalia Management Group Limited was contracted to conduct the Ukraine Country Programme Evaluation for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). The evaluation report provides an assessment of UNHCR’s operations in Ukraine between January 2014 and December 2016, reviewing its dual roles as an operational agency and as coordinator of the Shelter/Non‐Food Item (NFI) and Protection Clusters. It considers the relevance and appropriateness of UNHCR’s objectives and strategy, examines how the evolving policy and operational context influenced decisions with respect to UNHCR’s positioning and programme delivery arrangements, and assesses the results achieved by UNHCR in the context of the inter‐agency response to the Internally Displaced Person (IDP) situation. The evaluation is expected to be used for both accountability and learning. Methodology The evaluation was guided by OECD‐DAC Evaluation Quality Standards for Development Evaluation, the UNEG Norms and Standards for Evaluation in the UN System, the UNEG Ethical Guidelines and Code of Conduct for Evaluation in the UN System, UNHCR’s recently‐published Evaluation Policy and accompanying guidance on Evaluation Quality Assurance, and the Sphere Handbook and Standards for Monitoring and Evaluation. The overall approach to the evaluation was utilization‐focused and applied mixed methods. The evaluation had six main data sources, which included: a document review of over 600 documents, semi‐structured interviews with 112 stakeholders both face‐to‐face and via phone or videoconference, an online survey to current and former UNHCR personnel and partner agency staff, field observations in the Government Controlled Areas (GCAs), structured focus groups with refugees and IDPs, and an analysis of available databases and reporting systems. The evaluation team was not able to visit Non‐Government Controlled Areas (NGCAs) for security reasons and experienced some limitations with regards to assessing the results of the Ukraine operation due to the planning and reporting information available in the Country Operational Plans (COPs). Country and operating context Ukraine has experienced two related crises since November 2013: first, a political and security crisis that has caused 9,940 documented deaths and affected 4.4 million people (about ten percent of the population); second, an economic crisis that has seen GDP shrink by 16% between 2013 and 2016. The hardships experienced by IDPs are somewhat mitigated by a number of factors specific to the Ukrainian context, such as the hitherto declining Ukrainian population, the ability of the Ukrainian people to adapt to political and economic upheavals, and a well‐developed social welfare system. At the beginning of 2014, UNHCR in Ukraine was a small, stable regional office with a decreasing budget. From January 2014 to December 2016 the UNHCR operation in Ukraine underwent a profound transformation. The evaluation team saw this as breaking down into five distinct stages: (a) the first months of 2014 before any IDP displacements, (b) the initial Crimean displacement (March – April 2014) and unilateral UNHCR response, (c) the larger Donbass displacement (April – December 2014) with a loosely‐organized multi‐agency response, (d) 2015: the first year of the Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) and UNHCR (co)leadership of the protection and shelter clusters, and finally (e) 2016: the second year of the HRP. © UNIVERSALIA IV FINAL REPORT Findings regarding UNHCR’s objectives and strategies UNHCR’s early work – while ad hoc and not fully compliant with UNHCR programming and financial procedures – was influential in shaping the overall humanitarian response and contributing to key strategic and policy decisions. The agency was quick to mobilize, deploying protection, shelter and field officers early, which enabled UNHCR to gain strategic advantage and advocacy leverage. UNHCR’s principled stand on access to NGCAs paved the way for UN agencies to remain engaged in the NGCAs, and the agency was largely successful in preventing the creation of IDP camps in the country as well as demonstrating the efficiency of cash‐based interventions. However, delays in the build‐up of critical supply and administrative support functions and unsettled leadership of the Ukraine operation in 2015 had a negative impact on the effectiveness of programmes and advocacy, and annual planning was not as consultative as partners would have desired. In addition, the current disposition of field offices is no longer optimal given the changing footprint of assistance and coordination mechanisms. Finally, capacity development support to key non‐governmental partners has been limited to bolstering their ability to effectively deliver UNHCR programmes, and has not addressed the need to equip them to deliver essential services after the humanitarian phase is over and UNHCR shifts to a more strategic role. UNHCR’s results in Ukraine 2014‐2016 Results for Persons of Concern (refugees/asylum‐seekers, stateless persons and IDPs) were mixed. Advocacy and programming results for asylum seekers, refugees and IDPs in GCAs were adequate, while results for stateless persons were found to be inadequate as initiatives to boost understanding and improve the regulatory environment were stalled. The effectiveness of programmes for refugees and asylum seekers was limited by a general hardening of attitudes towards refugees, the unsettled leadership of UNHCR in 2015 and the reallocation of limited staff and policy resources towards IDPs. Assessing UNHCR’s effectiveness in interventions aimed at IDPs has been more difficult, as who is and is not counted as an IDP is not always clear. UNHCR and its partners have not succeeded in resolving some political obstacles such as humanitarian access, and policy advocacy in NGCAs is almost impossible. Material assistance – in the form of community projects, legal counselling, individual protection assistance, shelter and NFIs is relevant but faces gaps in terms of coverage, especially in the NGCAs. Accountability to affected populations has been enhanced by the participatory assessments from 2015 onwards, but limited government, partner and beneficiary participation in planning has limited overall accountability. UNHCR’s cluster coordination role UNHCR initiated cluster coordination early and provided continuity of experienced protection and shelter cluster coordinators. UNHCR was able to remain neutral and impartial as a Cluster Lead Agency (CLA), fulfilling its role as an effective and trusted cluster coordinator. The protection cluster is considered by stakeholders to be strong on advocacy, while the shelter cluster was widely regarded as one of the best coordinated clusters in Ukraine. Both have adapted to the specifics of the Ukraine context as the situation as evolved. All stakeholders agreed that the emergency phase of this response is coming to an end and that the structures established in 2015 and 2016 are now too big and process‐ intensive for the current protracted situation: more specific plans for cluster deactivation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • EU-UKRAINE PARLIAMENTARY ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE First Meeting 24-25 February 2015
    EU-UKRAINE PARLIAMENTARY ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE First Meeting 24-25 February 2015 FINAL STATEMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS Pursuant to Article 467 (3) of the Association Agreement Under the co-chairmanship of Mr. Andrej Plenković on behalf of the European Parliament and of Mr Ostap Semerak on behalf of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the first meeting of the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee (PAC) was held in Brussels on 24-25 February 2015. This first meeting was inaugurated by the President of the European Parliament, Mr Martin Schulz, and the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, Mr Volodymyr Groysman. The Parliamentary Association Committee, having considered the state of play of EU-Ukraine relations and the overall security and political situation in Ukraine, agreed upon the following final statement and recommendations. The Parliamentary Association Committee (PAC): 1. Commemorates together with the Ukrainian people the first anniversary of the Revolution of Dignity; admires the courage and determination of the Ukrainian people who, a year ago, stood for and defended their right – even at the sacrifice of their own lives – to live in a democratic and European state, free to decide on its own future; On the overall political and security situation: 2. Strongly condemns the fact that Ukraine has been subject to Russia’s aggressive and expansionist policy and undeclared hybrid war, which constitutes a threat to the unity, integrity and independence of Ukraine and poses a potential threat to the security of the EU itself; emphasises that there is no justification for the use of military force in Europe in defence of so-called historical or security motives; 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Agroinvest Gender Analysis: Opportunities to Strengthen Family
    AgroInvest Project GENDER ANALYSIS: OPPORTUNITIES TO STRENGTHEN FAMILY FARMS AND THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN UKRAINE August 2013 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. GENDER ANALYSIS: OPPORTUNITIES TO STRENGTHEN FAMILY FARMS AND THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN UKRAINE Contract No.AID-121-C-1100001 CONTENTS Executive Summary ............................................................................................. 2 Acronyms……………………………………………………………………………….11 Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………12 A. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 13 B. Background: The Gender Equality Context in Ukraine…………………….…..15 C. Gender Analysis Methodology........................................................................ 18 D. Portrait of Ukrainian Woman Farmers and the Family Farm .......................... 21 E. Analysis of Gender-related Constraints ......................................................... 37 F. Recommendations .......................................................................................... 45 Annexes: Annex A: Written Sources Reviewed ........................................................... 50 Annex B: List of Informants .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Ukrainian Weekly 1995
    INSIDE: • The public perception of economic reform in Ukraine — page 2. • Urbana conference spotlights minorities and diaspora — page 10. • Ukrainian stars on Broadway — page 1 1. 30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association Vol. LXIII No. 30 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, JULY 23, 1995 $1.25/$2in Ukraine UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX PATRIARCH V0L0DYMYR DIES OBITUARY: Former political prisonerRio t police and mourners clash by Khristina Lew Citing sources close to the Cabinet of was elected UOC patriarch in 1993 Kyyiv Press Bureau ministers, Respublika reported on July 19 that President Leonid Kuchma, who was in JERSEY CITY, N.J. — Patriarch KYYIV - Riot police and participants Belarus at the time of the patriarchal funer­ Volodymyr (Vasyl Romaniuk), a politi­ of the funeral procession bearing the al, was contacted there regarding permis­ cal prisoner persecuted for his religious body of the late Patriarch Volodymyr sion for burial of the primate's earthly Romaniuk, head of the Ukrainian beliefs during decades of Soviet repres­ remains at St. Sophia Cathedral. Orthodox Church - Kyyiv Patriarchate, sion who later went on to be elected pri­ Respublika reported that the president did violently clashed twice on July 18. mate of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church not grant permission. One member of the Ukrainian National —Kyyiv Patriarchate, died in Kyyiv on Metropolitan Filaret told a press con­ Assembly - Ukrainian National Self- Friday, July 14. He was 69 years old. ference on July 19 that neither Baikiv Defense Organization, a paramilitary The patriarch's secretary, the Rev. Cemetery nor St Volodymyr Cathedral, group, was killed during a confrontation Borys, told Reuters that the cause of death the seat of the UOC - KP, are appropri­ with Berkut forces, a special detachment of was a heart attack, his third in recent years.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukrainians in Russia: a Bibliographic and Statistical Guide
    Research Report No. 55 Ukrainians in Russia: A Bibliographic and Statistical Guide Compiled by Serge Cipko Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press University of Alberta Edmonton 1994 Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press Occasional Research Reports The Institute publishes research reports periodically. Copies may be ordered from the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, 352 Athabasca Hall, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E8. The name of the publication series and the substantive material in each issue (unless otherwise noted) are copyrighted by the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press. PRINTED IN CANADA Occasional Research Reports Ukrainians in Russia: A Bibliographic and Statistical Guide Compiled by Serge Cipko Research Report No. 55 Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press University of Alberta Edmonton 1994 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/ukrainiansinruss55cipk Table of Contents Introduction 1 A Select Bibliography 3 Newspaper Articles 9 Ukrainian Periodicals and Journals Published in Russia 15 Periodicals Published Abroad by Ukrainians from Russia 18 Biographies of Ukrainians in Russia 21 Biographies of Ukrainians from Russia Resettled Abroad 31 Statistical Compendium of Ukrainians in Russia 33 Addresses of Ukrainian Organizations in Russia 39 Periodicals and Journals Consulted 42 INTRODUCTION Ukrainians who live in countries bordering on Ukraine constitute perhaps the second largest ethnic minority in Europe after the Russians. Despite their significant numbers, however, these Ukrainians remain largely unknown to the international community, receiving none of the attention that has been accorded, for example, to Russian minorities in the successor states to the former Soviet Union. According to the last Soviet census of 1989, approximately 4.3 million Ukrainians live in the Russian Federation; unofficial estimates of the size of this group run considerably higher.
    [Show full text]
  • Municipalities and Citizens of Ukraine
    EMPOWERING MUNICIPALITIES AND CITIZENS OF UKRAINE SELECTED INSIGHTS INTO U-LEAD CONTRIBUTIONS Websites: u-lead.org.ua, decentralisation.gov.ua Facebook: facebook.com/ULEADwithEurope Address: House of Decentralisation, 20 Velyka Zhytomyrska Street (4th floor), Kyiv 01001, Ukraine Phone: (+380 44) 581 27 90. Email: [email protected] This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union and its member states Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Poland and Sweden. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of its authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the Government of Ukraine, the European Union or its member states Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Poland and Sweden. © U-LEAD with Europe, 2019 CONTENTS ABOUT U-LEAD WITH EUROPE ENABLING A BETTER QUALITY OF HEALTHCARE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES CHANGING GEAR IN SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY – MAKING CYCLING THE #1 TRANSPORT IN AHs BRINGING LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND BUSINESS TOGETHER FOR CITIZEN SERVICES FROM EMERGENCY TO SAFETY IN 15 MINUTES CHANGING THE MINDSET ON RECYCLING WASTE IN UKRAINE’S HROMADAS UKRAINE’S MOST ENERGY EFFICIENT SERVICE CENTRE IS IN MYKOLAIVSKA AH SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR AMALGAMATED HROMADAS EU AND UKRAINE. LEARNING FROM EACH OTHER AS PARTNERS AND PEERS Since Ukraine’s decentralisation reform started in 2014, villages, Given their new relevance and role, LSG bodies and their representatives settlements and towns have become important players in developing need capacities to fulfil these new responsibilities – efficiently and the country. Local self-government (LSG) bodies have been appointed accountably. Funded by the European Union and the member states new functions. Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Poland and Sweden and implemented by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) Municipalities have greater abilities to make decisions that are GmbH and the Swedish International Development and Cooperation closer to the realities of citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Histories of Etnos Theory in Russia and Beyond
    A Life Histories of Etnos Theory NDERSON in Russia and Beyond , A , Edited by David G. Anderson, Dmitry V. Arzyutov RZYUTOV and Sergei S. Alymov The idea of etnos came into being over a hundred years ago as a way of understanding the collecti ve identi ti es of people with a common language and shared traditi ons. In AND the twenti eth century, the concept came to be associated with Soviet state-building, and it fell sharply out of favour. Yet outside the academy, etnos-style arguments not A only persist, but are a vibrant part of regional anthropological traditi ons. LYMOV Life Histories of Etnos Theory in Russia and Beyond makes a powerful argument for etnos reconsidering the importance of in our understanding of ethnicity and nati onal ( identi ty across Eurasia. The collecti on brings to life a rich archive of previously EDS unpublished lett ers, fi eldnotes, and photographic collecti ons of the theory’s early proponents. Using contemporary fi eldwork and case studies, the volume shows .) Life Histories of Etnos Theory how the ideas of these ethnographers conti nue to impact and shape identi ti es in various regional theatres from Ukraine to the Russian North to the Manchurian Life Histories of steppes of what is now China. Through writi ng a life history of these collecti vist in Russia and Beyond concepts, the contributors to this volume unveil a world where the assumpti ons of liberal individualism do not hold. In doing so, they demonstrate how noti ons of belonging are not fl eeti ng but persistent, multi -generati onal, and bio-social.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukraine Report FINAL 0712 COMPLETE-Compressed
    THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR UKRAINE IN A LOW-CARBON FUTURE December 2017 The Bellona Foundation, Kiev, Ukraine, December 2017 Authors: Oskar Njaa; [email protected] Ana Serdoner; [email protected] Larisa Bronder; [email protected] Keith Whiriskey; [email protected] Disclaimer: Bellona endeavours to ensure that the information disclosed in this report is correct and free from copyrights but does not warrant or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, complete- ness, interpretation or usefulness of the information which may result from the use of this report. © 2017 by the Bellona Foundation. All rights reserved. This copy is for personal, non-commercial use only. Users may download, print or copy extracts of content from this publication for their own and non-commercial use. No part of this work may be reproduced without quoting the Bellona Foundation or the source used in this report. Commercial use of this publication requires prior consent of the Bellona Foundation. Acknowledgement: This report was supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway and the Embassy of the Kingdom of Norway in Ukraine. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 5 1 Past & Current economic and industrial development of Ukraine ...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Law on Amending the Constitution of Ukraine As
    Strasbourg, 13 October 2015 CDL-REF(2015)035rev Opinion No. 803 / 2015 Engl. only EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) DRAFT LAW ON AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE AS TO DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER AS SUBMITTED BY THE VERKHOVNA RADA OF UKRAINE TO THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE ON 16 JULY 2015 This document will not be distributed at the meeting. Please bring this copy. www.venice.coe.int CDL-REF(2015)035rev - 2 - Draft Introduced by the President of Ukraine LAW OF UKRAINE On amending the Constitution of Ukraine (as to decentralization of power) ______________________________________ The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine hereby d e c r e e s : I. To amend the Constitution of Ukraine (Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, 1996, No. 30, Art. 141) as follows: 1) Articles 118, 119, 132, 133, 140 – 144 shall be amended as follows: "Article 118. The executive power in the rayons and oblast’s, in the cities of Kyiv and Sevastopol shall be executed by prefects. Specifics of exercising the executive power in the cities of Kyiv and Sevastopol shall be set forth by separate laws of Ukraine. Prefect shall be appointed and dismissed from the office by the President of Ukraine upon recommendation of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Prefect is a public official. When exercising its authorities, the prefect shall be responsible to the President of Ukraine and accountable and subordinated to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Article 119. The Prefect in the respective territory shall: 1) supervise adherence to the
    [Show full text]
  • The European Union's Policy Towards Its Eastern Neighbours
    Review of European and Russian Affairs 12 (2), 2018 ISSN 1718-4835 THE EUROPEAN UNION’S POLICY TOWARDS ITS EASTERN NEIGHBOURS: THE CRISIS IN UKRAINE1 Tatsiana Shaban University of Victoria Abstract The European Union’s neighbourhood is complex and still far from being stable. In Ukraine, significant progress has occurred in many areas of transition; however, much work remains to be done, especially in the field of regional development and governance, where many legacies of the Soviet model remain. At the crossroads between East and West, Ukraine presents an interesting case of policy development as an expression of European Union (EU) external governance. This paper asks the question: why was the relationship between the EU and Ukraine fairly unsuccessful at promoting stability in the region and in Ukraine? What was missing in the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in Ukraine that rendered the EU unable to prevent a conflict on the ground? By identifying security, territorial, and institutional challenges and opportunities the EU has faced in Ukraine, this paper underlines the most important factors accounting for the performance of its external governance and crisis management in Ukraine. 1 An earlier version of this paper was presented at the “Multiple Crises in the EU” CETD conference at University of Victoria, Feb 23rd, 2017. This conference was made possible by generous financial support from the Canada- Europe Transatlantic Dialogue at Carleton University. The author would like to acknowledge Amy Verdun, Zoey Verdun, Valerie D'Erman, Derek Fraser, and two anonymous reviewers of this journal for their comments on earlier drafts of this work.
    [Show full text]
  • Police Reform in Ukraine Since the Euromaidan: Police Reform in Transition and Institutional Crisis
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2019 Police Reform in Ukraine Since the Euromaidan: Police Reform in Transition and Institutional Crisis Nicholas Pehlman The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/3073 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Police Reform in Ukraine Since the Euromaidan: Police Reform in Transition and Institutional Crisis by Nicholas Pehlman A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Political Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2019 © Copyright by Nick Pehlman, 2018 All rights reserved ii Police Reform in Ukraine Since the Euromaidan: Police Reform in Transition and Institutional Crisis by Nicholas Pehlman This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Political Science in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date Mark Ungar Chair of Examining Committee Date Alyson Cole Executive Officer Supervisory Committee: Julie George Jillian Schwedler THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Police Reform in Ukraine Since the Euromaidan: Police Reform in Transition and Institutional
    [Show full text]
  • UKRAINIAN URBAN POPULATION of the RUSSIAN EMPIRE: ETHNIC and LINGUISTIC TRANSFORMATIONS in the LATE 19Th CENTURY
    UKRAINIAN URBAN POPULATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE: ETHNIC AND LINGUISTIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE LATE 19th CENTURY Olga KAZAKEVYCH National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, Kyiv, Ukraine E-mail : [email protected] Rezumat: Populaţia urbană ucraineană din Imperiul Rus: mutaţii etnice și lingvistice la finele secolului al XIX-lea. Articolul analizează structura etnică și lingvistică a populaţiei urbane din Imperiul Ţarist. Sunt valorificate datele statistice, inclusiv rezultatele celui dintâi Recensământ general al populaţiei Imperiului Rus, din anul 1897, și ale unor recensăminte locale, organizate în unele orașe ucrainene în anii ’70 ai secolului al XIX-lea. Analiza lor comparativă este importantă pentru înţelegerea efectelor politicii de asimilare culturală realizate de autorităţile imperiale, precum și a premiselor mutaţiilor din structura populaţiei urbane. Autoarea indică cauzele descreșterii ponderii ucrainenilor în totalul populaţiei urbane la sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea. Résumé: La population urbaine ukrainienne de l’Empire Russe: mutations ethniques et linguistiques à la fin du XIX-ème siècle. L’article ci-joint analyse la structure ethnique et linguistique de la population urbaine de l’Empire Tsariste. On y mit en valeur les données statistiques, y compris les résultats du premier Recensement général de la population de l’Empire Russe de l’année 1897 et de quelques recensements locaux, organisés dans les villes ukrainiennes les années ’70 du XIX-ème siècle. Leur analyse comparative est importante, aussi, pour la compréhension, des effets de la politique d’assimilation culturelle que les autorités impériales réalisèrent, ainsi que des prémisses des mutations de la structure de la population urbaine. L’auteur y indiqua les causes de la diminution de la part de population ukrainienne du total de la population urbaine à la fin du XIX-ème siècle.
    [Show full text]
  • Revanchist Russia? Russian Perceptions of Belarusian and Ukrainian Sovereignty, 1990-2008
    1 Revanchist Russia? Russian Perceptions of Belarusian and Ukrainian Sovereignty, 1990-2008 Rasmus Nilsson UCL For the degree of PhD 2 I, Rasmus Nilsson, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 3 Abstract The theme of this thesis concerns post-Soviet Russian foreign policy perceptions of Belarusian and Ukrainian sovereignty between 1990 and 2008. In the thesis I argue that Russian perceptions became increasingly revanchist in nature during this period, and that we may distinguish between two different types of revanchism, the consequences of which for Belarusian and Ukrainian sovereignty are quite different. I argue that all Russian perceptions of international affairs are constituted by perceptions of Russia. Thus, perceptions of Belarusian and Ukrainian sovereignty may be divided into three categories, or paradigms, each of which centres on a specific concept that legitimises the existence of Russia, and determines how Belarus and Ukraine are viewed. The three central concepts are the concepts of Law, Power, and Nation, respectively. In the introduction, I outline these paradigms, both in abstract terms and in relation to Russian foreign policy in general, as well as Russian foreign policy towards Belarus and Ukraine. Subsequently, I present my methodology and my literature review, together with a discussion of the theoretical assumptions, which provide the foundation for my argument. Then, I briefly outline Russian foreign policy making during the period relevant for my thesis, before the four main chapters of my thesis outline in roughly chronological fashion how the relative significance of the three paradigms has changed over time.
    [Show full text]