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Rhinobothryum Bovallii (Andersson, 1916) (Serpentes: Colubridae)

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Rhinobothryum Bovallii (Andersson, 1916) (Serpentes: Colubridae) Artículo 5 - Rhinobothryum bovallii (Andersson, 1916) (Serpentes: colubridae) Rhinobothryum bovallii (ANDERSSON, 1916) (SERPENTES: COLUBRIDAE): NUEVAS LOCALIDADES PARA COLOMBIA, DESCRIPCIÓN HEMIPENEAL Y COMENTARIOS SOBRE SU HISTORIA NATURAL. Rhinobothryum bovallii (Andersson, 1916) (Serpentes: Colubridae): new locations for Colombia, hemipeneal description and comments on its natural history. Luis Enrique Vera-Pérez1, Jorge Alberto Zúñiga-Baos2, Esteban Alzate-Basto3 1. Biólogo Universidad del Cauca. Investigador independiente, Carrera 8 # 2A-12 Barrio Las Quintas, La Plata (Huila). [email protected] 2. Biólogo Universidad del Cauca. Investigador independiente. [email protected] 3. Docente instructor Facultad de Ciencias y Biotecnología, Universidad CES. [email protected] Resumen Se presentan nuevas localidades de la serpiente falsa coral Rhinobothryum bovallii en Colombia, dentro de las cuales se destaca el primer registro para el departamento del Huila y su ocurrencia dentro del ecosistema de bosque seco tropical. Adicionalmente, se proporciona una descripción complementaria de su estructura hemipeneal y datos sobre Historia del artículo aspectos biológicos y ecológicos. Fecha de recepción : 13 /08 /2019 Palabras claves: atropellamiento vehicular, bosque seco tropical, Fecha de aceptación: hemipenes, serpiente falsa coral. 28 /10 /2019 57 Revista Novedades Colombianas Abstract Sucre y Valle del Cauca. Previamente, Rojas-Morales (2012) agrupó el conjunto We present new locality records of the de registros de R. bovallii dentro de la false coral snake Rhinobothryum bovallii unidad biogeográfica del Chocó-Magdalena in Colombia, highlighting the first record propuesta por Hernández-Camacho et al. for the department of Huila, as well as (1992), ocupando ecosistemas de bosque its occurrence in the tropical dry forest lluvioso y posiblemente en bosques ecosystem. Additionally, we provide subandinos por debajo de los 1.000 msnm. a complementary description of its hemipenial structure and present data Esta serpiente es fácilmente distinguible about biological and ecological aspects. de otras que poseen anillos de tres colores, por su coloración negra de escamas de Key words: road kill, tropical dry forest, la cabeza bordeadas de blanco o crema e hemipenes, false coral snake. hileras de escamas superiores quilladas posteriormente (Savage, 2002), que la hace Introducción inconfundible entre todas las especies de corales y falsas corales presentes en El género Rhinobothryum (Wagler, 1830), Colombia, excepto de R. lentiginosum, comprende las especies Rhinobothryum que se distingue por tener anillos negros bovallii (Andersson, 1916) y Rhinobothryum considerablemente más largos y anillos rojos lentiginosum (Scopoli, 1785), las cuales generalmente incompletos ventralmente presentan una distribución disyuntiva (Martins y Oliveira, 1998). La morfología que sugiere un proceso de especiación hemipeneal de la especie hasta hace poco alopátrica (ver Rojas-Morales, 2012 para era desconocida, sin embargo, Martínez- la discusión completa). Rhinobothryum Fonseca et al. (2019) describieron los bovallii se distribuye desde Centroamérica hemipenes parcialmente evertidos y en Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica y no expandidos de un único ejemplar, Panamá, hasta el norte de Suramérica en concluyendo que en efecto son similares Colombia, Ecuador y Venezuela (Peters y a los de R. lentiginosus. Esta conclusión Orejas-Miranda, 1970; Wallach et al., 2014; estuvo basada en la descripción de Savage Uetz et al., 2019). (2012), el cual a su vez utilizó la ilustración de un órgano retraído de Cope (1895), sin La distribución geográfica de R. bovallii establecer diferencias entre los hemipenes fue actualizada recientemente por de ambas especies. Martínez-Fonseca et al. (2019), quienes a través de diversas fuentes de información determinaron que en Colombia esta especie Materiales y métodos se encuentra en los departamentos de Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, En el marco de las labores relacionadas Chocó, Córdoba, Magdalena, Santander, con el manejo de fauna de los proyectos 58 Artículo 5 - Rhinobothryum bovallii (Andersson, 1916) (Serpentes: colubridae) hidroeléctricos El Quimbo, Hidroituango y Porce III, sumado a registros ocasionales y resultados obtenidos por la Fundación Hidrobiológica George Dahl (FHGD)- CORPOCESAR-PRODECO en los muestreos para la caracterización de fauna silvestre de la subcuenca del río Tucuy en el municipio de La Jagua de Ibirico (Cesar), se obtuvieron registros complementarios de la distribución de R. bovallii en Colombia. De estos registros, dos corresponden a individuos colectados que se encuentran depositados en la colección herpetológica del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad del Cauca (MHNUC). Se examinó y caracterizó la estructura hemipeneal de los individuos colectados mediante sus órganos evertidos en el cuerpo y la extracción y eversión total con Figura 1. Rhinobothryum bovallii. Macho adulto base en los métodos de preparación de del municipio de Gigante, Huila (A); juvenil Myers y Cadle (2003) y Zaher y Prudente del corregimiento La Victoria de San Isidro, municipio de La Jagua de Ibirico, Cesar (B). (2003), expandiéndolo casi al máximo con Fotografías de LEV-P. la inyección de vaselina coloreada y luego teñido con rojo de alizarina para intensificar la visualización de las espinas calcáreas Cesar (Fig. 1B). Además, se adicionan (Uzzell 1973). La morfología hemipeneal se seis registros para el departamento describe de acuerdo a la terminología de de Antioquia, municipios de Toledo, Dowling y Savage (1960) y Zaher (1999). Sabanalarga, Valdivia, Amalfi y Puerto Nare (Tabla 1). Resultados y discusión Según estos registros junto con los presentados por Martínez-Fonseca et Se reporta por primera vez la presencia de al. (2019), la distribución de R. bovallii en R. bovallii para el departamento del Huila Colombia ya no es exclusiva para la provincia a través de un individuo capturado el 9 de biogeográfica del Chocó-Magdalena (Rojas- abril de 2017 en el municipio de Gigante Morales, 2012), sino que esta abarca también (Fig. 1A). Se obtuvo el segundo registro la norandina y el cinturón árido pericaribeño para la serranía del Perijá, en el municipio (ver Hernández-Camacho et al., 1992), de La Jagua de Ibirico, departamento del siendo la localidad del departamento del 59 Revista Novedades Colombianas Huila el registro más al sur en la cuenca (2019) revela una imprecisión para el punto del río Magdalena, mostrando una gran localizado en el departamento del Cauca, el brecha entre este punto y los registros del cual se ubica sobre la cuenca del río Cauca Magdalena Medio (Fig. 2). (parte alta) a una altitud aproximada de 1.700 msnm. Debido a la gran brecha de registros La comprobación de las coordenadas sobre esta cuenca hidrográfica, sumado a asignadas por Martínez-Fonseca et al. que todos los demás registros de esta especie Tabla 1. Registros adicionales de Rhinobothryum bovallii en Colombia. Formato basado en Rojas-Morales (2012). Fuente de Localidad Georreferencia Unidad biogeográfica datos Departamento del Huila, 2º22’10,6” N, Provincia biogeográfica MHNUC- municipio de Gigante, vereda 75º34’18,2” W; 725 norandina, distrito HE-Se-0693 La Honda msnm Tolima (Figura 1A) Departamento del Cesar, 9º35’42,8” N, Cinturón árido municipio de La Jagua de obs. pers. 73º09’31,9” W; 623 pericaribeño, distrito Ibirico, corregimiento La (Figura 1B) msnm Ariguaní-Cesar Victoria de San Isidro Departamento de Antioquia, 7º02’28,4” N, Provincia biogeográfica MHNUC- municipio de Toledo, 75º40’14,5” W; 523 norandina, distrito HE-Se-0713 corregimiento El Valle msnm Cañón Cauca (Figura 5) Departamento de Antioquia, 7º05’09,3” N, Provincia biogeográfica municipio de Toledo, 75º41’39,6” W; 381 norandina, distrito obs. pers. corregimiento La Cascarela msnm Cañón Cauca Departamento de Antioquia, 7º01’30,0” N, Provincia biogeográfica municipio de Sabanalarga, 75º47’35,5” W; 394 norandina, distrito obs. pers. corregimiento Orobajo msnm Cañón Cauca Provincia biogeográfica Departamento de Antioquia, 7º14’19,2” N, norandina, distrito municipio de Valdivia, vereda 75º24’12,8” W; 642 obs. pers. Bosques Subandinos La Habana msnm aprox. Cordillera Central Departamento de Antioquia, 6º55’27,9” N, Provincia biogeográfica Suárez y municipio de Amalfi, vereda 75º08’33,1” W; 657 del Chocó-Magdalena, Alzate-Basto María Teresa msnm aprox. distrito Nechí (2014) Departamento de Antioquia, 6º16’42,06” N, Provincia biogeográfica municipio de Puerto Nare, 74º40’33,27” W; 214 del Chocó-Magdalena, obs. pers. vereda Canteras msnm aprox. distrito Nechí 60 Artículo 5 - Rhinobothryum bovallii (Andersson, 1916) (Serpentes: colubridae) en Suramérica están por debajo de los 1.000 de ocurrencia IAvH:IAvH-R-3995 (Borja- msnm (Rojas-Morales, 2012; Rojas-Runjaic Acosta, 2017), el cual proviene de “medio e Infante-Rivero, 2018; Pazmiño-Otamendi, río Calima, 500 m” pero su asignación 2019), es probable que el espécimen AMNH se ubica cerca al lago Calima a unos R-107943 provenga de alguna localidad de 1.500 msnm aproximadamente. la cuenca del Pacífico del departamento del Cauca, reduciendo la brecha de registros El hemipene de R. bovallii es robusto, hacia el noroccidente del Ecuador (zonas subcilíndrico y ligeramente cóncavo, tropical y subtropical occidental). Otra unilobulado no capitado, con un surco imprecisión menor se aprecia en la espermático simple que se dirige por el designación de las coordenadas del registro centro del hemipene y termina en el final Figura 2.
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