DOCSLIB.ORG

American, Japanese, and Australian Economic Assistance to Southern Asia; a Comparison of Objectives

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
American, Japanese, and Australian Economic Assistance to Southern Asia; a Comparison of Objectives This dissertation has been 63—4695 microfilmed exactly as received RAGATZ, Janet Evans, 1924- AMERICAN, JAPANESE, AND AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO SOUTHERN ASIA; A COMPARISON OF OBJECTIVES. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1962 Political Science, international law and relations University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan AI'-ÏERIGAH, JAPÀÏ'IESE, AND AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE TO, SOUTHERN ASIA: A COMPAI'flSON OF OBJECTIVES DISSERTATION Presented In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements foi the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University by Janet Evans Ragatz, A.B., A.M. The Ohio^ State University 1962 Approved hy '-A Adviser S Department of Political Science PREFACE The world Is presently divided not only politically between East and Test but econoraically between developed an.d underdeveloped areas. Ultimate development of the latter is a foregone conclusion -- they will be industrialized, modernized; to the leaders of these lands, at least, there is no dispute on the point. The extent to which these countries develop., is another matter. Will development be thorough or superficial; will it reach ground level or con­ sist only of the conspicuous aspects of modernization? How they will develop is one of the major problems facing the world inasmuch as their people number nearly two billion and their homelands contain largo percentages of important and even strategic raw materials. Will these newly independent states take, along with the West European economic system and industrial skills, the personal freedom and individual dignity concepts on which it was based; or follow the commu­ nist industrial path and sacrifice all else to the develop­ ment of state power? The answer to these questions depends in part on the extent and effectiveness of the foreign aid received. Although underdeveloped countries extend the world around, conditions vary not only between continents and re­ gions but within regions as well. Within Asia, for instance, the requirements and the drive are different in over- and under-populated areas. The problems of China and India, ii lii including how to feed the many mi’’lion extra mouths appear­ ing each year, vary markedly, therefore, from those of other underdeveloped Asian states which do not share the same demo­ graphic problem to the same extent. The question of develop­ ment can also be examined by geographic region within a larger area. Thus southern Asia, encompassing both the southeastern section and the subcontinent of India, has characteristics dis- tinguishing it from the region to the north and east.' The area considered here, southern Asia, has been selected be­ cause it was the focal point for several aid programs, not only those of Australia, Japan, and the United States con­ sidered herein, but of the United ITations, the British Common­ wealth, and communist countries as well. One reason for this concentration of outside help there stems from a competition for influence; another from the fact that within this region are found countries which were the first-born states of the post-imperialistic period. Consequently they have received aid over a longer period than other new states and the ex­ cesses of independence zeal, the trial and error-processes of development, and the problems of aid have fallen into better perspective here than elsewhere. 2 Southeast Asia has been the stepchild of the world. ^Cf. G. Etzel Pearcy, "Geographic Regions of AsL a: South and East ” in Department of State Bulletin, February 1, I 9 6 0 , pp. 148-1 2 7. 2 Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaya, and Singapore (with the three British-dominated areas of Borneo: Brunei, Iv Before the period of European domination, it was little known to the West, and after that period began, its compo­ nents, with the exception of independent Thailand, were never considered as separate entities, but as parts of the metropolitan power to which they belonged. Consequently it has only been since the end of World War II that individual consideration of the countries of the area has been exten­ sively undertaken. In some cases, little was known about them historically, economically, or socially. South Asia,"' however, was a little better Imown. The aim of this paper was to examine and compare the objectives inspiring Australian, Japanese, and United States assistance to southern Asia in the light of the reception their aid has encountered and of economic doctrine about the Worth Borneo, and Sarawak), the Philippines, Thailand, and the two Vietnams. North Vietnam is not included in this study as it is outside the scope of aid considered. It should be noted that the Japanese use the expression "South­ east Asia" to include the Indian subcontinent and conse­ quently the. term has been written here as "southern Asia", which includes both Southeast And South Asia. ^Includes Ceylon, India (with its Himalayan protectoratesi Nepal, and Pakistan. The' term "Southwest Asia" covers the Middle East from Afghanistan to Palestine but omits the North­ ern African Muslim countries which are often included in the "Middle East" designation. "East Asia", of course, refers to China, Japan, Korea, the Mongolian People's Republic, Taiwan, and the British colony of Hong Kong. V development process. This raises questions, such as are the objectives humanitar’ia.n, or economic, or political, or a combination of one or more of these? IIow extensive were the several programs? Are the objectives in conflict? How well do the Australian or Japanese aims correlate with sxij of the American concepts? VJhat comparisons can be made from the evidence reviewed? What are the future prospects for tripartite aid to this area? The broader objective is a better and clearer under­ standing of aid motivation and problems and of the resultant efforts and accomplishments of the young Asian states. This ■should improve the appreciation of the scope and urgency of economic development in this region, and so contribute to the clarification of American foreign policy. ACm^CV/LEDGMEUÏS First and foremost, .grateful thanks are due Dr, Kazuo Ka-wal, Professor of Political Science at The Ohio State University, for having introduced me to the subject of Asian affairs and for having painstakingly guided me in my doctoral studies. I am also grateful for the inspiration afforded by association with Lord Lindsay of Birker, Director of International Relations students, C. P. Fitzgerald, Professor of Far Eastern History, and L. C. Webb, Professor of Political Science, all at the Australian Nation­ al University. Hy year there was made possible by a Fulbright grant. Finally I wish to express thanks to the late Professor Harold Zini:, a long-time mentor and member of my graduate committee. Dr, Alvin Coons of the Department of Economics and Dr. E. Allen Helms of Political Science for service on my reading committee and to Professor Harvey Mansfield who substituted for an ill chairman at a late stage. VI c OITTEITTS Page PREPACE .......................................... il ACraiOWLEDCTl-rEI'ITS....................................... vi LIST OP TABLES ......................................... vili Chapter ‘I ' CHARACTERISTICS OP UHDERDEVELOPIiEHT .... 1 II THEORETICAL ASPECTS OP LEVELOPI-IEI'IT........ I| 7 III SOUTHERN ASIAN ATTITUDES TOWARD DEVELOPi-ISHT AND A I D ................................. 101 ! IV irOTIVATIONS UNDERLYING AMERICAN ECONOI-ilC ASSISTANCE........ '......................1^3 V JAPAN'S INTEREST III ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTHERN A S I A ......................... 227 VI OBJECTIVES UNDERLYING AUSTRALIA’S ASSISTANCE PROGRAM .................................282 VII A COMPARISON OP OBJECTIVES............... 320 APPEI'DIX.......................................... 314-0 BIBLIOGRAPHY...................................... 3# AUTOBIOGRAPHY .................................... 359 Vll LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Estimated Per Capita National Income of Southern Asia, 195I-1960 ...................... 3 2 Daily Per Capita Calorie and Protein Content of Food S u p p l i e s .............................. S 3 Medical Personnel and Average Life Span .... 11 4- Illiteracy.......................................... 19 5 Crude Birth Rates, Death Rates, and Annual Rate of Population Increase ............... 30 6 Index Numbers of Food Production ................ 36 7 Index Numbers of General Industrial Production , ^3 S Gross Domestic Capital Formation and Private Consumption Expenditure .... ^5 9 Average Annual Rates of Growth in Southern Asian Production and Transportation, 1950-195 9 ...................................... 104 10 Comparative Average Annual Rates of Production Growth, 1 9 5 0 - 1 9 5 9 .............................1 2 2 11 United States Non-Military Aid to Asia Compared to Total Asian and Total Global Assistance, 1951-195 7 ............................................ 1^4- 12 I95&-I959 U.S. Development Loan Fund Commit­ ments ...........................................193 13 Country Proposals, Obligations, and Percent­ ages of Southern Asia Area Totals for American Economic Assistance, the Fiscal Years 1952 through I 9 5 6 .......... I99 l4- Japan’s Dependence on Imports .................. 235 15 The Import-Export Trade of Japan Proper with Asia, 1 9 3 6 ...................................... 24-5 viii LIST OP TABLES (Continued) Table Page 16 American-Asian Percentages of Postwar Japanese Imports .............. 2^5 17 Japanese Exports to Southern Asia, 19^8-1960 . 2p7 18 Japanese Imports from Southern Asia, 191-18-1960
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stosunek Japonii Do Kwestii Żydowskiej W Latach 1932-1945
    Recenzent prof. dr hab. Mikołaj Melanowicz Projekt okładki Jadwiga Burek Książka dofi nansowana przez Uniwersytet Jagielloński ze środków Instytutu Bliskiego i Dalekiego Wschodu © Copyright by Joanna M. Guzik & Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Wydanie I, Kraków 2013 All rights reserved Niniejszy utwór ani żaden jego fragment nie może być reprodukowany, przetwarzany i roz- powszechniany w jakikolwiek sposób za pomocą urządzeń elektronicznych, mechanicznych, kopiujących, nagrywających i innych oraz nie może być przechowywany w żadnym systemie informatycznym bez uprzedniej pisemnej zgody Wydawcy. ISBN 978-83-233-3654-9 www.wuj.pl Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Redakcja: ul. Michałowskiego 9/2, 31-126 Kraków tel. 12-631-18-80, tel./fax 12-631-18-83 Dystrybucja: tel. 12-631-01-97, tel./fax 12-631-01-98 tel. kom. 506-006-674, e-mail: [email protected] Konto: PEKAO SA, nr 80 1240 4722 1111 0000 4856 3325 Spis treści Przedmowa ........................................................................................................... 7 Wstęp .................................................................................................................... 9 Cel pracy ................................................................................................................. 9 Konstrukcja pracy .................................................................................................. 11 Metoda badawcza ................................................................................................... 12 Stan badań ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Clandestine Agent the Real Agnes Smedley
    CEclanksteindestine Agent Review Essay Clandestine Agent The Real Agnes Smedley ✣ Arthur M. Eckstein Ruth Price, The Lives of Agnes Smedley. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. x ϩ 483 pp. Agnes Smedley (1892–1950) was one of several American radical women in the 1920s and 1930s who made a signiªcant impact on American (and in- deed world) culture and politics. Other ªgures on the list include Margaret Sanger, the founder of Planned Parenthood (she was British by birth), and Emma Goldman, the socialist activist and writer. Agnes Smedley was an assis- tant and friend of Margaret Sanger and a friend of Emma Goldman. Like Goldman, Smedley was a fervent advocate of a socialist society to replace capi- talism, and she worked hard to bring it about. Smedley was also an ardent supporter of the destruction of European (and American) empires in what we now call the Third World. She was ªrst drawn to the Indian independence movement against Britain, but her ªnal and overwhelming love was China, where she was an extraordinarily effective propagandist for the Communist revolution led by Mao Zedong. In addition, Smedley was a cultural radical: She cut her hair short, wore men’s clothing, fervently advocated and practiced “free love,” and—unusual for a woman of that time—had an independent career as a journalist and for- eign correspondent and was the author of best-selling books (an autobio- graphical novel and several books on the Maoist revolution in China). Finally, Smedley became a hero in some circles as a supposed victim of “Cold War McCarthyism.” In the late 1940s she was accused both by General Douglas MacArthur and by the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) of having been a spy for the Soviet Union and of having been one of the people who (through her propaganda against the Chinese Nationalist gov- Journal of Cold War Studies Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • 1945-12-03 [P A-3]
    Westinghouse Head Premature Outlawing f ADVERTISEMENT. <f Offers Si-Day'Week, Of A-Bomb Woman May Bring English ( Gas on Stomach To Be In fo Union Danville's Relieved in B aiaatw or Reply Disaster, Bush Warns double your money back Wkac min atomic, mid aautaa By the Associated Press. Bride pitiful, lUiiat By thr Associated Press. Eighth Uc aa. exir atomic, and kmrltmre. dMtora mill? arwrlb# tki m idiot m kmarn George H. Bucher, president of the By the Associated Press. fiatnticUnt for Dr. Vannevar Bush said today graptomittc riltif—raodtctnii irk# thou la Bill'Ml Electric NEW ROCHELLE. N. Y„ Dec. 3.— Fiblita. N. Initial Rtlf-ana brica* aaadart b Westinghouse Corp., today that premature outlawing of the Itffr or dmiblo four mow back on rttrnn of bma. o ia. 11a it ill announced in Pittsburgh a proposal atomic bomb could well be “dis- Tommy Manville, 51-year-old as- diufilMi, to increase the corporation’* work astrous.” Dr. Bush is director of bestos heir, said yesterday he would the week wherever practicable from five Office of Scientific Research take as his eighth bride Georgina and to five and one-half days, with time Development. C a m p b ell, 26, Cautioning the Senate Atomic for aescenaent ot a and half all hour* worked In Committee too Energy against prominent Kent, 4 " excess of 40. "quick answers” to the problem of QUINTUPLETSalways rdy m this gmt rab far England, family. | Mr. Bucher said these and other controlling the newly discovered Mr. Manville I company proposals have been made power source, he declared: said he met Miss I "It is to outlaw when to the United Electrical, Radio and impossible Campbell, a ^ Machine Workers of America in re- there is no effectively supported n e CUGHS'rCIlDS wspaper- law.
    [Show full text]
  • Stunde Null: the End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago." Their Contributions Are Presented in This Booklet
    STUNDE NULL: The End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago Occasional Paper No. 20 Edited by Geoffrey J. Giles GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE WASHINGTON, D.C. STUNDE NULL The End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago Edited by Geoffrey J. Giles Occasional Paper No. 20 Series editors: Detlef Junker Petra Marquardt-Bigman Janine S. Micunek © 1997. All rights reserved. GERMAN HISTORICAL INSTITUTE 1607 New Hampshire Ave., NW Washington, DC 20009 Tel. (202) 387–3355 Contents Introduction 5 Geoffrey J. Giles 1945 and the Continuities of German History: 9 Reflections on Memory, Historiography, and Politics Konrad H. Jarausch Stunde Null in German Politics? 25 Confessional Culture, Realpolitik, and the Organization of Christian Democracy Maria D. Mitchell American Sociology and German 39 Re-education after World War II Uta Gerhardt German Literature, Year Zero: 59 Writers and Politics, 1945–1953 Stephen Brockmann Stunde Null der Frauen? 75 Renegotiating Women‘s Place in Postwar Germany Maria Höhn The New City: German Urban 89 Planning and the Zero Hour Jeffry M. Diefendorf Stunde Null at the Ground Level: 105 1945 as a Social and Political Ausgangspunkt in Three Cities in the U.S. Zone of Occupation Rebecca Boehling Introduction Half a century after the collapse of National Socialism, many historians are now taking stock of the difficult transition that faced Germans in 1945. The Friends of the German Historical Institute in Washington chose that momentous year as the focus of their 1995 annual symposium, assembling a number of scholars to discuss the topic "Stunde Null: The End and the Beginning Fifty Years Ago." Their contributions are presented in this booklet.
    [Show full text]
  • The American Right Wing; a Report to the Fund for the Republic, Inc
    I LINO S UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN PRODUCTION NOTE University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library Large-scale Digitization Project, 2007. ps.7 University of Illinois Library School OCCASIONAL PAPERS Number 59 November 1960 THE AMERICAN RIGHT WING A Report to the Fund for the Republic, Inc. by Ralph E. Ellsworth and Sarah M. Harris THE AMERICAN RIGHT WING A Report to the Fund for the Republic, Inc. by Ralph E. Ellsworth and Sarah M. Harris Price: $1. 00 University of Illinois Graduate School of Library Science 1960 L- Preface Because of the illness and death in August 1959 of Dr. Sarah M. Harris, research associate in the State University of Iowa Library, the facts and inter- pretations in this report have not been carried beyond the summer of 1958. The changes that have occurred since that time among the American Right Wing are matters of degree, not of nature. Some of the organizations and publications re- ferred to in our report have passed out of existence and some new ones have been established. Increased racial tensions in the south, and indeed, all over the world, have hardened group thinking and organizational lines in the United States over this issue. The late Dr. Harris and I both have taken the position that our spirit of objectivity in handling this elusive and complex problem will have to be judged by the report itself. I would like to say that we started this study some twelve years ago because we felt that the American Right Wing was not being evaluated accurately by scholars and magazine writers.
    [Show full text]
  • Signficance of Nuremberg Trial Verdicts
    Signficance Of Nuremberg Trial Verdicts Gaston dematerialised melodically while denotable Ephrayim feudalizes insusceptibly or freeze ungovernably. How equal is Pepe when air-mail.iconomatic and membranous Langston fizzling some summonses? Trabecular and undeclared Stearne establishes his coves mangle cleft In nuremberg trials, yet more lenient sentences and killing or inhabitants to start first. Prior firm the Nuremberg trials war crimes were limited to female military courts of the. According to the results of law police inquiry, actual intercourse need not been proved, and Katzenberger denied the charge. The most evident example is mistake the ICC has jurisdiction over high crime of genocide. Without trial nears its verdict has been multiple mechanisms relates to nuremberg verdicts of any mistake. Reichstag threatening the international law worth telling: verdicts of nuremberg trial, it but making him from. Even that trial is attached to hang himself. Sa was ever since nuremberg trials with refugees, but one founded on her decision influenced by president. One fundamental conceptions of trial in numerous other groups of people must not support both thefacts and. One lawsuit was tired the left bandage arm. Agreement establishing an International military tribunal. The Nuremberg Trials The Justice made Famous Trials. Germany who had not without trial; most nuremberg verdicts of that innocent of assent rather than those measures for occupied postwar occupied territories was. The chat had either led tobelieve that the hundreds of thousands of the membership of theconvicted organizations would of brought on account beforeoccupation tribunals operating under skin first Nurembergjudgment. Germany marks 75th anniversary of landmark Nuremberg trials. The distinction appears tenuousand unrealistic.
    [Show full text]
  • America's Second Crusade Which Is Here­ with Presented
    AMERICA’S SECOND CRUSADE OTHER BOOKS BY WILLIAM HENRY CHAMBERLIN R u ssia's Iron A ge (19 34 ) T h e R ussian R evo lu tio n , 1917-1921 (19 3 5 ) C ollectivism : A F a l se U to pia (19 36 ) Japan over A sia (19 3 7; rev. ed. 1939) T he C onfessions o f a n Individualist (1940 ) T he W orld's Iron A ge (19 4 1) C anada T oday and T omorrow (19 42) T h e R u ssian E n ig m a : An Interpretation (19 4 3 ) T h e U k r a in e: A S u bm erged N atio n (19 44 ) A m e r ic a : Par tn er in W orld R u l e (19 4 5) T h e E u ro pean C ockpit (19 4 7) William Henry Chamberlin AMERICA’S SECOND CRUSADE HENRY REGNERY COMPANY C H I C A G O , 1950 Copyright 1950 HENRY REGNERY COMPANY Chicago, Illinois Manufactured in the United States of America by American Book-Knickerbocker Press, Inc., New York, N. Y. Contents PAGE Introduction vii I T he F irst C rusade 3 II C o m m u n ism and F a sc is m : O ffspr in g o f th e W ar 25 III T he C o llap se o f V er sa illes 40 IV D e b a c l e in th e W est 7 1 V “Again and Again and Again” 95 V I Road to W ar: The Atlantic 124 V II R oad to W a r : T h e P a c ific 148 V III T h e C o alitio n o f th e B ig T h ree 17 8 I X T h e M u n ich C a lle d Y a l t a : W ar's E nd 206 X W a r tim e Illu sio n s and D elu sio ns 232 X I P o land : T he G r ea t B e t r a y a l 258 X II G e r m a n y M u st B e D estro yed 285 X III No W ar, B u t No P e a c e 3 11 XIV Crusade in Retrospect 337 Bibliography 356 Index 361 Introduction T h ere is an obvious and painful gap between the world of 1950 and the postwar conditions envisaged by American and British wartime leaders.
    [Show full text]
  • Corporate Behaviour and Political Risk : Dutch Companies in China, 1903-1941 Putten, F.P
    Corporate behaviour and political risk : Dutch companies in China, 1903-1941 Putten, F.P. van der Citation Putten, F. P. van der. (2001, May 23). Corporate behaviour and political risk : Dutch companies in China, 1903-1941. CNWS/LDS Publications. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15900 Version: Corrected Publisher’s Version Licence agreement concerning inclusion of doctoral thesis in the License: Institutional Repository of the University of Leiden Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15900 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Corporate Behaviour and Political Risk Dutch Companies in China 1903-1941 PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van de Rector Magnificus Dr. D.D. Breimer, hoogleraar in de faculteit der Wiskunde en Natuurwetenschappen en die der Geneeskunde, volgens het besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op woensdag 23 mei 2001 te klokke 16.15 door Frans-Paul van der Putten geboren te Helmond in 1970 Promotiecommissie Promotores Prof. Dr. J.L. Blussé van Oud-Alblas Prof. Dr. A.E. Kersten Referent Prof. Dr. J.K. Osterhammel (Universität Konstanz) Overige leden Dr. H.W. van den Doel Dr. J.Th. Lindblad Prof. Dr. Joh. de Vries (Katholieke Universiteit Brabant) Het onderzoek voor deze dissertatie werd gefinancierd door de Gratama Stichting en de Onderzoekschool CNWS. Studies in Overseas History, 2 Corporate Behaviour and Political Risk Dutch Companies in China 1903-1941 Frans-Paul van der Putten Research School of Asian, African and Amerindian Studies Leiden University The Netherlands 2001 STUDIES IN OVERSEAS HISTORY This series is produced by the Research Cluster History of European Expansion and Global Interaction of the Research School CNWS.
    [Show full text]
  • The High Cost of Vengeance Other Books by the Same Author
    The High Cost of Vengeance Other Books By the Same Author LANCASHIRE AND THE FAR EAST JAPAN’S FEET OF CLAY JAPAN’S GAMBLE IS CHINA CHINA AT WAR THE DREAM WE LOST LAST CHANCE IN CHINA LOsT ILLUSION THE HIGH COST of VENGEANCE bY Freda U tie) HENRY REGNERY COMPANY CHICAGO 1949 This book was made possible by a research grant from the FOUNDATION FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS, ~‘ASHINGTON, D.C. Copyright 1949 HENRY REGNERY COMPANY Chicago, Illinois Manufactured in the United Statesof America To My Dear Friends John and Joan Crane Whose Help and Encouragement Have Been Invaluable In the Writing of This Book Table of Contents CHAPTER PAGE 1. Road to War 1 2. The Spirit of Berlin 20 3. The Material Cost of Vengeance 54 4. Tragedy in Siegerland 104 5. German Democracy between Scylla and Charybdis 129 6. Nuremberg Judgments 162 7. Our Crimes against Humanity 182 8. Our Un-American Activities in Germany 211 9. How Not to Teach Democracy 232 lo. The French Ride High 271 31. Conclusion 302 Do not be seduced by the prospect of a greut alliance. Abstinence from all injus- tice to other powers is a greater tower of strength than anything that can be gained by the sacrifice of permanent tranquil- ity for an apparent temporary advantage. -THUCYDIDES, The Peloponnesian War I Road to War FOLLOWING WORLD WAR I FRANCE AND BRITAIN REFUSED TO LISTEN to the statesmen who said that you can have peace or vengeance, not both. They broke their armistice pledge to Germany that peace would be made on the basis of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points and “the principles of settlement enunciated” by the American President.* They continued the starvation blockade of Germany for six months after the Armistice, in order to force the German democrats who had taken over the government to sign a dictated peace.
    [Show full text]
  • American Affairs, Vol X, No 2, 1948
    Amencan A Quarterly Journal of Free Opinion APRIL, 1948 Spring Number VOL. X, No. 2 Principal Contents Comment Editor 65 Uncle Sam in the Wheat Pit Editorial Correspondence 68 Winds of Opinion 70 A Federal Plan for Education Washington Correspondence 72 The Great Educational Hoax The Very Rev. Robert I. Gannon, S.J. 77 The Rule of Planned Money Garet Garrett 79 A Dollar Is a Dollar Is a Dollar Letters 88 Why We Can't Afford Deflation Allan Sproul 89 Comes Next the Capital Levy 91 The International Bill of Rights Digest and Review 93 The Virginia Idea Governor William M. Tuck 96 England's Thought of Bankruptcy London Correspondence 98 Mr. Churchill's Footprints Noted by Himself 101 Review G. G. 103 Private Enterprise in the Official Dog House They Neglected Their Tools How To Foment Minority Passions What To Do With Communists Donald R. Richberg 109 What of a Stalin Plan? Freda Utley 111 Thirty Years of Frustration. Senator Homer E. Gapdwat 115 A Germany To Live With Walter Liechtenstein 116 Money Takes Its Revenge Joseph M. Dodge 123 SUPPLEMENT Federal Thought Control A Study in Government by Propaganda BY FOREST A. HARNESS An American Affairs Pamphlet By the Year $2.50 Single Copies 75 Cents Notes on the Contents A Federal Plan for Education. This is a critical analysis of the Report of the President's Commission on Higher Education. The meaning of it, which is strange to the American tradition, was not to be found in the newspaper reports. Money. In the field of monetary phenomena there now is a world-wide sense of foreboding, and that is why there is so much about money in this number of American Affairs.
    [Show full text]
  • American China Policy and the Sino-Soviet Split, 1945--1972
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1978 The mythical monolith: American China policy and the Sino-Soviet split, 1945--1972 Rhonda Smither Blunt College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Asian History Commons, International Relations Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Blunt, Rhonda Smither, "The mythical monolith: American China policy and the Sino-Soviet split, 1945--1972" (1978). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625039. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-fq3z-5545 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE MYTHICAL MONOLITHs AMERICAN CHINA POLICY AND THE SINO-SOYIET SPLIT, 19^5-1972 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Rhonda Smither Blunt 1978 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Author Approved, May 1978 Edward P . Crapol >rvg&v— Richard B. Sherman Crai^/N. Canning ^ DEDICATION This study is dedicated to my husband, Allen Blunt, for his moral support and practical assistance in running our home while I have been occupied with graduate work.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Short Titles v Note on Transliteration xxvi Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Terms xxvii Introduction, Bohdan Klid and Alexander J. Motyi xxtx 1) Scholarship 1 Introduction James E. Mace, "Famine and Nationalism in Soviet Ukraine," Problems of Communism 33 (May-June 1984). Excerpts, pp. 44-49, 2 Robert Conquest, The Harvest of Sorrow: Soviet Collectivization and the Terror-Famine (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986). Excerpts, pp. 217-24. 5 . Terry Martin, The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939 (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2001). Excerpts, pp. 302-8. 8 • Liudmyla Hrynevyeh, "Stalins'ka 'revoliutsiia zhory' ta holed 1933 r. iak faktory polityzatsiT ukraTns'koY spil'noty" (Stalin's "Revolution from Above" and the Famine of 1933 as Factors in the Politicization of Ukrainian Society), Ukra'ins'kyi istorychnyi zhurnal (Ukrainian Historical journal, Kyiv), 2003, no, 5. Excerpts, pp. 50-53, 56-63. Translated by Maksym Motorenko and Bohdan Klid. 13 R. W. Davies and Stephen G, Wheatcroft, The Years of Hunger: Soviet Agriculture, 1931-1933 (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004). Excerpts, pp. 431-36,439-41. 1? • Andrea Graziosi, "The Soviet 1931-1933 Famines and the Ukrainian Holodomor: Is a New Interpretation Possible, and What Would Its Consequences Be?" Harvard Ukrainian Studies 27 (2004-5); 97-115. Excerpts. 19 • Stanislav Kulchytsky, "Why Did Stalin Exterminate the Ukrainians? Comprehending the Holodomor. The Position of Soviet Historians," The Day Weekly Digest {Kyiv), nos. 35 and 37, 8 and 22 November 2005. Online at http://www.day.kiev.ua/152116; http://www.diiy.kiev.ua/153028/.
    [Show full text]