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Central African Republic (CAR) President Faustin Archange Touadera in the First Round of the 27 December Elections

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Central African Republic (CAR) President Faustin Archange Touadera in the First Round of the 27 December Elections Central African Republic Humanitarian Situation Report No. 1 © UNICEF/UN0311486/Tremeau Reporting Period: January-February 2021 © SI Situation in Numbers On 18 January, the Constitutional Court confirmed the re-election of Central African 1,300,000 Republic (CAR) President Faustin Archange Touadera. The security situation children in need of remains tense as the national army and allied bilateral forces continue to regain humanitarian assistance control of areas occupied by the Coalition des Patriotes pour le Changement (CPC) since mid-December. - As of February 2021, 742,000 people were estimated to be internally displaced. 2,800,000 This represents the largest number of internally displaced persons (IDP) registered people in need since 2014 and a 19 per cent increase since October 2020; (OCHA Feb 2021) - 23,154 conflict affected children benefited from play and recreational activities through UNICEF supported Child Friendly Spaces (CFS), and 180 new cases of 742,000 gender-based violence (GBV) against children were registered and supported. Internally displaced people - Since the first case of COVID-19 in CAR in mid-March, 5,015 positive cases including 63 deaths (as of 1 March) have been confirmed. (IDPs) - 2,846 children under 5 suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have been treated. 647,798 # of pending and registered refugees (UNHCR, 28 Feb 2021) UNICEF’s Response and Funding Status Measles vaccination 0% UNICEF Appeal 2021 Health Funding status 54% US$ 75.7 million SAM admissions 6% - Funding status 32% Nutrition MHPSS access 29% Child Funding status 15% Protection Education access 0% Funding status 18% Education Safe water access 5% WASH Funding status 5% HH with humanitarian cash 0% transfers Cash Funding status 13% Transfer 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% *Funding available includes funds received in the current year; carry-over from the previous year; and repurposed funds with agreement from donors. 1 Funding Overview and Partnerships UNICEF appeals for $ 75.7 million to sustain provision of life-saving services for women and children in CAR. In 2021, on top of multi-year funding received from Switzerland and the United States of America (USAID/BHA), Denmark, the Global Humanitarian Thematic Funds and Japan have generously contributed to UNICEF CAR humanitarian response. UNICEF expresses its sincere gratitude to all donors for the contributions received. However, the 2021 HAC still has a funding gap of 73 per cent. To meet the immediate response needs, UNICEF has reallocated $ 390,170 from other regular resources and received an internal loan of $ 900,000 from the UNICEF Emergency Programme. Situation Overview & Humanitarian Needs Highlights On 18 January, the Constitutional Court confirmed the re-election of Central African Republic (CAR) President Faustin Archange Touadera in the first round of the 27 December elections. Meanwhile, the new coalition of armed groups "Coalition des Patriotes pour le Changement (CPC) -formed in December, calling for the postponement of elections- launched coordinated attacks on the outskirts of the capital Bangui, which were repelled. The coalition, however, managed to attack and or occupy a significant number of towns in several regions of CAR. February was marked by a decrease in armed violence as the national army and allied bilateral forces gradually regained control of areas occupied by the CPC in December and January. However, despite the decrease in the number of clashes, the security situation in CAR remains tense: the state of emergency declared on January 21 was extended for six months, and the nationwide curfew is now from 8 pm to 5 am. OCHA estimates that the current crisis has caused the displacement of 336,000 people and according to UNHCR an additional 115,000 Central Africans are currently in DRC, Cameroon, Chad and the Republic of Congo due to the crisis. Although more than half of the displaced are thought to have already returned home, more than 140,000 remain internally displaced according to OCHA. Meanwhile, while the movement of trucks between Cameroon and CAR is slowly resuming in escorted convoys, the ongoing insecurity is still causing major disruptions on the main supply route (MSR1), delaying the timely delivery of essential aid to affected populations and sustaining increases in the prices of food staple. This crisis is further aggravating the socio-economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic that in the first two months of the year has regained strength: since the first case of COVID-19 in CAR in mid-March, 5,015 positive cases including 63 deaths (as of 1 March) have been confirmed. Humanitarian access remains a major concern, with 115 incidents against aid workers (including one death) recorded by OCHA in January and February against 46 in 2020. Summary Analysis of Programme Response Health and VIH From January 2021 to February 28, 2021, 11,403 people, including 5,012 children under 5 years (2,456 girls and 2,556 boys), 1,876 children between 5 and 15 years (957 girls and 9,19 boys), 2,845 pregnant women, and 1,670 vulnerable people (8,52 women and 8,18 men) at IDP sites and host families in the localities of Bangassou, Bouar, Bossangoa and Sibut. The most common illnesses among children under 5 years were malaria (1,804 cases), acute respiratory infections (1,504 cases), and diarrheal diseases (1,122 cases). The 582 other diseases included skin diseases and intestinal parasitosis. Among the 2,845 pregnant women, 80% (2,276) had their first prenatal consultation compared to 11% (313) for the 4 ANC; 85% of the 2,276 pregnant women were tested for HIV (1,935) and 3% were tested HIV+ (58) and put on ARVs. CAR reported a total of 689 cases of measles during the period from January 2021 to February 28, 2021. Four health districts are in a measles epidemic because they have reported at least 3 positive measles cases over a period of 4 weeks from week 1 to 11. These districts are Berberati, Sangha-Mbaéré; Batangafo and Mbaïki. 14 districts out of 35 (40%) have investigated and collected at least one suspected case of measles. For the districts that are in epidemic, medical care for cases is provided and preparations are underway to conduct a vaccine response. Nutrition During the reporting period, a total of 2,846 children under 5 suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM), received treatment. The quality of SAM treatment programmes is in line with the SPHERE minimum standards, with a cure rate of 90 percent, a mortality rate of 1 percent, a defaulter rate of 3.8 percent and a non-response rate of 0.5 percent. 2 In addition, 2,771 children aged 6-59 months were supplemented with vitamin A. Moreover, 6,938 pregnant and lactating women were reached with key education and promotion messages on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices by UNICEF and nutrition cluster partners since the beginning of the year. The nutrition surveillance and early warning system is functional in 34 out of 35 health districts. Figures showed that 14 districts out of 34 are on alert. Rapid SMART surveys and nutritional assessments have been carried out to confirm the nutritional situation in these alert districts in order to ensure an adequate response. WASH During the reporting period, UNICEF and partners ensured water access to 10,000 IDPs in Bossangoa (Ouham) and 4,000 IDPs in Bouar (Nana-Mambéré) providing water supplies and chemicals. Six boreholes have been rehabilitated in Birao (vakaga), allowing 3,000 people including 451 men, 524 women, 969 boys and 1056 girls to gain access to safe drinking water. In partnership with the Agence Nationale de l’Eau de et l’Assainissement (ANEA) and MSF, 5,000 IDPs in Bossangoa and 6,000 IDPs in Bouar have gained access to basic sanitation facilities thanks to the construction of 160 latrines, 48 showers and 3 garbage pits in IDPs sites. In the 5 IDPs sites in Bossangoa, 34 scouts and 13 community members were trained on the management of handwashing stations and maintenance of showers and emergency latrines. In Bouar, a total of 6,000 IDPs were sensitized on proper hygiene practices and COVID-19 prevention. UNICEF has supported the management of 30 public handwashing stations in Bocaranga, Koui and Ngaoundaye sub prefecture and new 115 public handwashing station in Sibut have been installed reaching over 23,000 people. Over 16,256 were sensitized to COVID-19 barrier measures In January and February, the WASH cluster maintained operational meetings with partners to support effective coordination and response to the needs of affected people. Humanitarian actors have had to slow down their humanitarian response during these two months of the year due to renewed looting of their bases and attacks on their personnel. Despites these difficulties, 64,551 people have been assisted: 44,951 people benefited from safe water and another 19,600 from sanitation facilities. Education During the reporting period, the increase in violence has resulted in schools being forcibly shuttered, occupied or damaged in 11 out of 16 of the country’s prefectures. In a joint statement released on 23 February, CAR Humanitarian Coordinator Denise Brown and UNICEF Representative Fran Equiza alerted that half of the country’s children are currently out of school because of the conflict, 999 schools are non-operational as a result of fighting and 26 are still occupied by armed groups. In the interim, UNICEF ensured children forced to stay home have access to alternative learning solutions, such as education by radio, and that temporary learning spaces are available for those who had to flee their homes. In Ouaka prefecture, 1,851 children, including 737 girls, had access to education through radio. At cluster level, education partners have mainly implemented activities aimed at raising awareness on the importance of resuming school activities: 4,485 children have been sensitized, 50 men and 4 women in Nana Gribizi prefecture.
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