Performative Utterances: Their Basic and Secondary Meanings with Reference to Five English Translations of the Meanings of the Holy Qur'an
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Performative Speech Act Verbs in Present Day English
PERFORMATIVE SPEECH ACT VERBS IN PRESENT DAY ENGLISH ELENA LÓPEZ ÁLVAREZ Universidad Complutense de Madrid RESUMEN. En esta contribución se estudian los actos performativos y su influencia en el inglés de hoy en día. A partir de las teorías de J. L. Austin, entre otros autores, se desarrolla un panorama de esta orientación de la filosofía del lenguaje de Austin. PALABRAS CLAVE. Actos performativos, enunciado performativo, inglés. ABSTRACT. This paper focuses on performative speech act verbs in present day English. Reading the theories of J. L. Austin, among others,. With the basis of authors as J. L. Austin, this paper develops a brief landscape about this orientation of Austin’s linguistic philosophy. KEY WORDS. Performative speech act verbs, performative utterance, English. 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 1.1. HISTORICAL THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 1.1.1. The beginnings: J.L. Austin The origin of performative speech acts as we know them today dates back to the William James Lectures, the linguistic-philosophical theories devised and delivered by J.L. Austin at Harvard University in 1955, and collected into a series of lectures entitled How to do things with words, posthumously published in 1962. Austin was one of the most influential philosophers of his time. In these lectures, he provided a thorough exploration of performative speech acts, which was an extremely innovative area of study in those days. In the following pages, Austin’s main ideas (together with some comments by other authors) will be presented. 1.1.1.1. Constative – performative distinction In these lectures, Austin begins by making a clear distinction between constative and performative utterances. -
In the Name of Jefferson. Critical Review of Denise Spellberg's Book
THÉMATA. Revista de Filosofía Nº49, Enero-junio (2014) pp.: 337-340 ISSN: 0212-8365 e-ISSN: 2253-900X In the name of Jefferson. Critical review of Denise Spellberg’s book Thomas Jefferson’s Qur’an1 Antonio de Diego González Universidad de Sevilla (España) [He] sais “neither Pagan nor Mahamedan [Muslim] nor Jew ought to be excluded from the civil rights of the Commonwealth because of his religion” (T. Jefferson quoting John Locke, 1776). With this quotation begins the book, which studies for the first time the relationship between Islam and the Founders of the United States of America. Denise A. Spellberg, Assistant Professor at University of Texas at Austin, has written an amazing book about the polemics of the late 18th cen- tury concerning Islam. Being Jefferson the focus of her research, then she conceptualizes the before and the after of the strange relationship between Islam and western thought. Islam is, still for many people, a strange belief in the western world. It is commonly associated with an obscurantist vision developed traditionally by western Christian authorities and recently with neo-conservative move- ments. Also, since 9/11 the image of Islam has suffered an aggressive rally against it, regardless of the important role, which Islam played to develop the right of religious freedom in the States. So, this book is necessary in order to exorcise ghosts and prejudices against legitimate Muslims, which profess Islam in the States. It also generates the debate about the drift of religious tolerance in America. The core of the book is devoted to express how and why Thomas Je- fferson chose Islam to fight against the Protestant idea of the religious test. -
THE Holy QURAN and the ORIENTALISTS: Literary PERSPECTIVE
THE HOLy QUPAN AND THE ORIENTALISTS: LITERARY PERSPECTIVE ABSTRACT ^nhmitM jTor tf}e fiegtee of Sottor of $l)iIos(opti? IN Arabic Literature BY TOWQUEER ALAM llnd»r th« Supervision of Dr. ABDUL BARI Professor and Chairman DEPARTMENT OF ARABIC ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 1991-92 The holy Quran beinq a Book of guidance to the human so^ ' ^ty as a whole, has been a subject of discussion since its revelation period. Enormous contribution in the form of leading articles, research papers of high standard and com prehensive books regarding its majestic teachings, whether pro and against^ from the side of the Muslims or non-Muslims, provide an overt proof for its extra ordinary importance, un- comparable to any manifestation of human science and intellect. The teachings of the holy Book being revolutionary in its character, provide a complete guidance to the human being for adopting 'the right path as proposed by the Omnipotent God for a Successful life in this world and the world Hereafter. This aspect of study of the holy Quran is purely religious. The preservance oE the Revelation, its specific arrangement, majestic presentation, omission and addition, rhyme and rhythm andjabove all, its miraculous character, both from the point of view of ideology and literature, testify for its being a marvellous literary monument, :fer above in excellence» in com- prision to any human endeavour , irrespective of age and place. I am not hesitant,at all, to concede that the Occidental scholars, although not altogether free from biased thinking, have contributed a lot, so far as their intellectual endeavours are concerned. -
The Pragmatics of Powerlessness in Police Interrogation Author(S): Janet E
The Yale Law Journal Company, Inc. In a Different Register: The Pragmatics of Powerlessness in Police Interrogation Author(s): Janet E. Ainsworth Reviewed work(s): Source: The Yale Law Journal, Vol. 103, No. 2 (Nov., 1993), pp. 259-322 Published by: The Yale Law Journal Company, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/797097 . Accessed: 16/08/2012 14:37 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Yale Law Journal Company, Inc. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Yale Law Journal. http://www.jstor.org Articles In a Different Register: The Pragmatics of Powerlessness in Police Interrogation Janet E. Ainswortht CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION....................................... 260 II. How WE Do THINGS WITH WORDS .............................. 264 A. Performative Speech Acts . ................................. 264 B. Indirect Speech Acts as Performatives ......... ................ 267 C. Conversational Implicature Modifying Literal Meaning ..... ........ 268 III. GENDER AND LANGUAGEUSAGE: A DIFFERENTREGISTER .271 A. Characteristics of the Female Register . .275 1. Hedges .276 2. Tag Questions .277 t Associate Professorof Law, Universityof Puget Sound School of Law. B.A. BrandeisUniversity, M.A. Yale University, J.D. HarvardLaw School. My appreciativethanks go to HarrietCapron and Blain Johnson for their able research assistance. -
Get This Week's Gazette
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Volume 18, No. 2 A Weekly Newspaper for the Library Staff January 12, 2007 Library Hosts Historic Events for 110th Congress By MARLENE KAUFMANN and GAIL FINEBERG he Library served as host to the largest number of congressional Tevents in its history on Thursday and Friday, Jan. 4 and 5, as members of the 110th Congress took their oaths of office and welcomed the first woman, Rep. Nancy Pelosi, D-Calif., to serve as speaker of the House of Representa- tives. Some 150 members and 2,445 guests visited the Library, which managed 12 congressional events during the two-day period. The Library also provided historic items, including Thomas Jefferson’s Quran, from its universal collections in response to members’ requests for their private swearing-in ceremonies. In addition to these congressional-sup- port services of the Library, the Congres- sional Research Service (CRS) anticipated and researched policy issues confronting Michaela McNichol Nancy Pelosi, the first woman Speaker of the House, swears in the first Muslim member the new Congress and conducted its tra- of the House, Rep. Keith Ellison, D-Minn., who used the Library’s two-volume Quran once ditional Williamsburg, Va., program that owned by Thomas Jefferson. Ellison’s wife, Kim, holds the Quran for the brief, private provides policy-orientation sessions for ceremony in the Sam Rayburn Room of the Capitol on Jan. 4. See story and photos on new members. Pages 3 - 5. “I am pleased that so many members chose to celebrate their swearing-in for Dining Room A of the Madison Building. -
Performative Sentences and the Morphosyntax-Semantics Interface in Archaic Vedic
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Journal of South Asian Linguistics JSAL volume 1, issue 1 October 2008 Performative Sentences and the Morphosyntax-Semantics Interface in Archaic Vedic Eystein Dahl, University of Oslo Received November 1, 2007; Revised October 15, 2008 Abstract Performative sentences represent a particularly intriguing type of self-referring assertive clauses, as they constitute an area of linguistics where the relationship between the semantic-grammatical and the pragmatic-contextual dimension of language is especially transparent. This paper examines how the notion of performativity interacts with different tense, aspect and mood categories in Vedic. The claim is that one may distinguish three slightly different constraints on performative sentences, a modal constraint demanding that the proposition is represented as being in full accordance with the Common Ground, an aspectual constraint demanding that there is a coextension relation between event time and reference time and a temporal constraint demanding that the reference time is coextensive with speech time. It is shown that the Archaic Vedic present indicative, aorist indicative and aorist injunctive are quite compatible with these constraints, that the basic modal specifications of present and aorist subjunctive and optative violate the modal constraint on performative sentences, but give rise to speaker-oriented readings which in turn are compatible with that constraint. However, the imperfect, the present injunctive, the perfect indicative and the various modal categories of the perfect stem are argued to be incompatible with the constraints on performative sentences. 1 Introduction Performative sentences represent a particularly intriguing type of self-referring assertive clauses, as they constitute an area of linguistics where the relationship between the semantic-grammatical and the pragmatic-contextual dimension of language is especially transparent. -
Coming to Terms: Fundamentalists Or Islamists? by Martin Kramer Middle East Quarterly Spring 2003, Pp
Coming to Terms: Fundamentalists or Islamists? by Martin Kramer Middle East Quarterly Spring 2003, pp. 6577 http://www.meforum.org/541/comingtotermsfundamentalistsorislamists No one who reads or writes about events in the Muslim world can avoid the question of how to label those Muslims who invoke Islam as the source of authority for all political and social action. Should they be labeled Islamic (or Muslim) fundamentalists? Or are they better described as Islamists? The issue has been the subject of a heated debate for two decades. For a while, both general and scholarly usage in America accepted fundamentalism. Islamism emerged in the late 1980s in French academe and then crossed into English, where it eventually displaced Islamic fundamentalism in specialized contexts. More recently, the term Islamism has gained even wider currency, and since September 11, 2001, it may even have established itself as the preferred American usage. Still newer terminology may lie over the horizon. Behind the battle over usage lies another struggle, over the nature of the phenomenon itself. In fact, the two contests, over English usage and analytical understanding, are inseparable. Nor are they free of associations left by past usages. Here follows a short history of changing usage—itself a history of changing Western perceptions of Muslim reality. The Debut of Islamism The term Islamism first appeared in French in the mideighteenth century. But it did not refer to the modern ideological use of Islam, which had not yet come into being. Rather, it was a synonym for the religion of the Muslims, which was then known in French as mahométisme, the religion professed and taught by the Prophet Muhammad. -
The Trace of Translators' Ideology
3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies – Vol 19 (1): 51 – 64 The trace of translators’ ideology: A case study of English translations of the Qur’an AMENEH MOHAGHEGH Faculty of Foreign Languages University of Isfahan, Iran [email protected] HOSSEIN PIRNAJMUDDIN Faculty of Foreign Languages University of Isfahan, Iran ABSTRACT The present article attempts to explore the effect of translator's ideology on the translated text by focusing on the English translations of two Qura'nic verses from surah Al-Taubah (Repentance) and surah Al-Anfal (The Spoils of War) that are most often referred to with the purpose of imaging Islam as the religion of violence and intolerance. Two parts of the article are devoted to definitions of ideology and the relationship between ideology and translation. The last part takes on board the works of four translators with different religions and ideologies who lived in different time periods and are as follows: one Iranian Muslim translator (Tahereh Saffarzade); one English Muslim translator (Mohammad M. Pickthall) and two English Christian translators (Arthur J. Arberry and George Sale). It is argued that Saffarzadeh as a Muslim and the most recent translator among the ones discussed seems to have been more aware of debates on these verses in comparison with others and as a result more careful in rendering them while Sale's translation is the most ideologically-biased one. The result is indicative of the fact that not only the translators’ attitude towards Islam but also the social context around them can subtly display itself in the renderings. -
The European Qur'an
The European Qur’an A new ERC Synergy Project at the Faculty of Theology By Professor, PhD Jan Loop I am joining the Faculty of Theology at pean Religion and Culture to the Euro- UCPH from the University of Kent (UK) pean Research Council in Brussel. where I was a Professor of Early Modern Global History at the School of History. A European Qur’an? My academic work is mainly concerned When we had to present our project to with cultural and religious encounters, the ERC in 2018, we decided to start our and particularly with interactions bet- presentation with a reference to Keith ween the Christian, Muslim and Jewish Ellison’s inauguration in January 2007. world in the early modern period. Among Being the first Muslim to be elected to other topics, I have long been interested the US Congress, Ellison asked to be in the Reformation and ensuing confes- allowed to take his oath on the Qur’an. sionalisation as a driver of European in- He took the oath on Thomas Jefferson’s terests in Islam and Arabic and Ottoman personal copy of the Qur’an. No surprise, language and culture. this use of the Qurʾān caused controversy Three years ago, in the spring of 2017, in the US and spurred anti-Islamic pole- I met with John Tolan from the Univer- mics: The Qurʾān, it was said, is alien to sité de Nantes to discuss the idea of put- Western culture and political institutions. ting together an exhibition at the British However, Jefferson’s Qurʾān tells a dif- Library on the Qur’an in European Cul- ferent story: It is the first English trans- ture. -
PERSONS • of the YEAR • Muslimthe 500 the WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2018 •
PERSONS • OF THE YEAR • MuslimThe 500 THE WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2018 • MuslimThe 500 THE WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2018 • C The Muslim 500: 2018 Chief Editor: Prof S Abdallah Schleifer The World’s 500 Most Influential Muslims, 2018 Deputy Chief Editor: Ms Farah El-Sharif ISBN: 978-9957-635-14-5 Contributing Editor: Dr Tarek Elgawhary Editor-at-Large: Mr Aftab Ahmed Jordan National Library Deposit No: 2017/10/5597 Editorial Board: Dr Minwer Al-Meheid, Mr Moustafa Elqabbany, and Ms Zeinab Asfour © 2017 The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre 20 Sa’ed Bino Road, Dabuq Researchers: Lamya Al-Khraisha, Moustafa Elqabbany, PO BOX 950361 Zeinab Asfour, and M AbdulJaleal Nasreddin Amman 11195, JORDAN http://www.rissc.jo Consultant: Simon Hart All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced Typeset by: M AbdulJaleal Nasreddin or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or me- chanic, including photocopying or recording or by any in- formation storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Views expressed in The Muslim 500 do not necessarily re- flect those of RISSC or its advisory board. Set in Garamond Premiere Pro Printed in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Calligraphy used throughout the book provided courtesy of www.FreeIslamicCalligraphy.com Title page Bismilla by Mothana Al-Obaydi • Contents • page 1 Introduction 5 Persons of the Year—2018 7 Influence and The Muslim 500 9 The House of Islam 21 The Top 50 89 Honourable Mentions 97 The 450 Lists 99 Scholarly -
Islamic and American Constitutional Law: Borrowing Possibilities Or a History of Borrowing?
Islamic and American Constitutional Law: Borrowing Possibilities or a History of Borrowing? Azizah Y. al-Hibri Emeritus Professor of Law at University of Richmond ISLAMIC AND AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW: BORROWING POSSIBILITIES OR A HISTORY OF BORROWING? Azizah Y al-Hibri" INTRODUCTION Islam is commonly viewed in the West as being incompatible with democracy. It is also viewed as an "Oriental" religion that has spawned violence and encouraged human rights violations. Because of the historical interaction between the West and Islam, the United States has recently been supporting efforts to export its democratic principles and human rights values to Muslim countries. In this con- text, the question of constitutional borrowing gains special signifi- cance. To assess the possibilities of constitutional borrowing between Is- lamic countries and the United States, it is important to first discuss the historical relation between the two, as well as between Islamic concepts and early American thought on democracy. For this reason, some basic features of Islamic constitutionalism will be introduced and analyzed. Islamic concepts are rooted in the Qur'an, the most fundamental source of guidance for all Muslims, and related secon- dary sources. Examination of these sources reveals that most Orien- talist writing on the nature of Islam during the eighteenth century was either distorted or false. Most importantly, for our purposes in this article, this examination will also provide the reader with a more adequate basis for comparing Islamic constitutionalism with Ameri- can constitutionalism. The resulting data will establish a solid basis for an answer to the question: "Can American democracy be exported to Muslim coun- tries today?" This article answers this question by concluding that (i) democracy is critically needed in many Muslim countries, but that (ii) Professor, T.C. -
Early Modern English Understanding of Islam Through the 1649 Alcoran of Mahomet Lemiya M
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Repository @ Iowa State University Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1999 Early modern English understanding of Islam through the 1649 Alcoran of Mahomet Lemiya M. Almas Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, European History Commons, Islamic World and Near East History Commons, and the Medieval History Commons Recommended Citation Almas, Lemiya M., "Early modern English understanding of Islam through the 1649 Alcoran of Mahomet" (1999). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 169. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/169 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Early modern english understanding of Islam through the 1649 Alcoran of Mahomet by Lemiya Mohamed Almas A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: English (English Literature) Major Professor: Faye Whitaker Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 1999 Copyright© Lemiya Mohamed Almas, 1999. All rights reserved. ii Graduate College Iowa State University This is to certify that the Master's thesis of Lemiya Mohamed Almas has met the thesis requirements of Iowa State University Signature redacted for privacy Major Professor Signature redacted for privacy For the Major Program Signature redacted for privacy For the Graduate College ------------ iii In memory of my grandfather, who would have been so proud of me ------------ iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v CHAPTER 1.