DOCSLIB.ORG

Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Two Reversible Monoamine Oxidase a Inhibitors, Pirl

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study of the Efficacy and Tolerability of Two Reversible Monoamine Oxidase a Inhibitors, Pirl Actu Psychiutr Scand 1997: 96: 134-141 Copyright 0 Munksgaard 1997 Printed in UK - all rights reserved ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA ISSN 0001-690X Double-blind randomized controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of two reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitors, pirlindole and moclobemide, in the treatment of depression Tanghe A, Geerts S, Van Dorpe J, Brichard B, Bruhwyler J, GCczy J. Double- A. Tanghe', S. Gee&, J. Van blind randomized controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of two Dorpe3, B. Brichard4, J. Bruhwyler4, reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitors, pirlindole and moclobemide, in J. Geczf the treatment of depression. 'Groepspraktijk voor Psychotherapie, Biologische Acta Psychiatr Scand 1997: 96: 134-141. 0 Munksgaard 1997. Psychiatrie en co - Therapie. Male hoeklaan. 13, Bruges, 'Academic Hospital St Lucas. Dept of Psychiatry, Assebroek [Bruges). 3Academic Hospital Heilig Hart, Asse and 4Therabel Research S.A.. The aim of this double-blind randomized study was to compare the efficacy Brussels. Belgium and the tolerability of moclobemide (300-600 mg daily) and pirlindole (150-300 mg daily), two reversible inhibitors of MAO-A (RIMAs), in the treatment of depression. In total 116 patients were included in the trial, 111 patients (52 patients on pirlindole and 59 patients on moclobemide) were evaluable for efficacy and safety, and 77 patients completed the whole study (42 days of administration). Both treatments produced highly significant improvements in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) score, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) score and the Montgomery-Asberg Rating Scale (MADRS) score from day 7 to day 42. The pattern of development of the three scores in the two groups did not differ significantly. After 42 days of treatment, an improvement of >50%0 in the HDRS score was noted in 80% and 67% of patients in the pirlindole Key words: major depression; antidepressant; and moclobemide groups, respectively. A total of 30 (58%) patients on monoamine oxidase inhibitor; pirlindole; pirlindole and 33 (56%) patients on moclobemide experienced side-effects moclobemide that were considered to be possibly or probably related to the medication. Jacques Bruhwyler, Research, Development and The differences between the two drugs were non-significant for all types of Biostatistics, Therabel Research S.A., Rue Van side-effect, with the exception of dry mouth and tachycardia, which were Ophem 110. 1180 Brussels. Belgium significantly more frequent with moclobemide. Accepted for publication December 14, 1996 Introduction Until recently, monoamine oxidase inhibitors than tricyclic antidepressants (1).During the 1980s, (MAOIs) were regarded as 'secondary drugs' for controlled studies have provided evidence that the treatment of depression relative to the tricyclic MAOIs are very effective in the treatment of so- antidepressants for three main reasons. First, hepa- called therapy-resistant depressions, atypical depres- totoxicity was a problem with the early MAOIs, sions, phobias, panic disorders and anxiety states such as iproniazid. The second, and probably most (2, 3). In addition, low cardiotoxicity, absence of important, reason was the cheese effect, i.e. the anticholinergic side-effects, and mood-activating interaction between MAOIs and foods rich in properties may be factors in favour of MAOIs as tyramine, leading to hypertensive episodes with compared to tricyclic antidepressants (4). eventual serious consequences, including cerebral The discovery of two distinct subtypes of MA0 haemorrhage or even death. Thirdly, in true depres- (MAO-A and MAO-B), and the resulting develop- sions, MAOIs were considered to be less efficacious ment of reversible (i.e. short-acting) and selective 134 Pirlindole vs. moclobemide in major depression inhibitors of MAO-A has led to a resurgence of Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was also interest in the use of MA0 inhibitors for the required. Patients who had been receiving lithium treatment of depression (5). By competitively and for more than 2 months and who showed a stable selectively inhibiting MAO-A, the enzyme pri- lithium plasma concentration were eligible for marily responsible for deamination of those inclusion in the study, and could continue to receive monoamines (noradrenaline and serotonin) that their treatment. The exclusion criteria were as are implicated in the aetiology of depression, while follows: psychotic disorders, other bipolar disorders leaving MAO-B unaffected, these compounds can (DSM-111-R 296.4, 296.6, 296.7), high risk of be expected to combine antidepressant activity suicide, treatment-resistant depression, defined as with a reduced risk of hypertensive crisis (6). the absence of response of the actual episode Among the new selective reversible inhibitors of to two or more antidepressant drugs prescribed MAO-A (RIMAs), moclobemide has certainly over a period of 21 days at a sufficient dose, been the most well studied (7, 8). Its efficacy and equivalent to at least 150 mg amitriptyline daily, safety have largely been demonstrated in placebo- known drug or alcohol addiction, pheochromo- controlled studies (1, 9) and in comparative trials cytoma, organic brain disorder, epilepsy, hepatic vs. reference therapies (1, 10-14), and have been tests severely disturbed (one enzyme > 3 times confirmed in clinical use (15). normal range), renal insufficiency (clearance of Pirlindole is a tetracyclic compound that has creatinine d 80 ml mi&), pregnancy, lactation or been characterized as a potential antidepressant lack of efficient contraception. The study was car- drug in preclinical studies (16-18), and in which ried out in accordance with the Declaration of interest has been shown due to its marked selec- Helsinki amended in Tokyo, Venice and Hong tivity as a RIMA (19). In clinical trials, the efficacy Kong. Patients were included after they had given and safety of pirlindole have been demonstra- informed consent. The study protocol was approved ted compared to placebo (20) and to reference by the Ethical Committee of the Vrije Universiteit standard drugs such as maprotiline (21), imipra- of Brussels. mine (22, 23), amitriptyline (23-25), desipramine (26) and mianserin (27). Drug treatment The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and the tolerability of pirlindole Patients received capsules, identical in appearance, and moclobemide according to a double-blind containing either a 150-mg moclobemide tablet or randomized controlled design in patients suffering a 75-mg pirlindole tablet and filled up with lactose. from monopolar (single (DSM-111-R 296.2) or Two capsules (one in the morning and one in the recurrent (DSM-111-R 296.3) episodes) or bipolar evening) had to be taken on days 1 and 2, three (DSM-111-R 296.5) depression. capsules (one in the morning, one at midday and one in the evening) from day 3 to day 6, three to four capsules (one or two in the morning, one at Material and methods midday and one in the evening) from day 7 to day 20, and two to four capsules (one in the morning Study design and one in the evening, or one or two in the This was a multicentre, double-blind, prospective morning, one at midday and one in the evening) clinical trial, conducted by 6 investigators in 5 from day 21 to day 42. The relationship between Belgian centres (Bruges, Oudenaarde, Assebroek, medication intake and meals was not specified, and Kortrijk and Asse). Two randomized parallel patients were not required to avoid tyramine-rich groups of subjects (in-patients and out-patients, food. The use of concomitant psychotropic medi- respectively) were treated with either pirlindole or cation was prohibited, with the exception of lithium moclobemide. The study drug was administered for for patients on a previously established regimen 6 weeks, immediately following a washout period and lormetazepam (at a maximum dose of 2 mg of 7 days. daily) or dipotassic clorazepate (at a maximum dose of 50 mg daily for in-patients only), if this was judged to be necessary by the investigator. Subjects The subjects eligible for the study were men or Assessments women aged between 18 and 65 years, either in-patients or out-patients, who fulfilled the DSM- Assessments were made at baseline (day 0) and on 111-R criteria for unipolar (single (296.2) or recurrent days 7,14,21,28 and 42 of treatment. Efficacy was (296.3) episodes) or bipolar (296.5) depression. evaluated on the basis of scores on the 17-item A total score of 318 on the 17-item Hamilton Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the 135 Tanghe et al. Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and the in the moclobemide group) discontinued the treat- Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale ment prematurely. In all, 77 patients completed the (MADRS). A therapeutic index was also deter- 6-week treatment period (35 patients on pirlindole mined. It was a 16-point scale that combined an and 42 patients on moclobemide) (Table 1). The evaluation by the doctor, both on the therapeutic two groups did not differ significantly from each effects (4-point scale: excellent, good, poor, or no other with regard to the majority of baseline charac- effect) and on the adverse effects (4-point scale: teristics. However, the HDRS and the MADRS none, light, important, or side-effect nullifying the scores were significantly higher (P<0.05 and P<O.Ol, therapeutic benefit). Compliance was judged to be respectively) in the pirlindole group (Table 2). satisfactory when at least 80% of the tablets had been taken. Tolerability was evaluated on the basis Concomitant medication of the number and severity (mild, moderate or severe) of adverse events, the likelihood of a causal There were no significant differences between relationship (possible, probable, definite or un- the two groups with regard to prescription of known) to study drugs, vital signs (supine and lormetazepam or dipotassic clorazepate (P>0.05, standing blood pressure, and heart rate), body Chi-square test). On day 7, 75% and 71% of weight, laboratory values and ECG obtained at patients were taking lormetazepam in the pirlin- baseline and after 42 days of treatment.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Treatment of Social Phobia with Antidepressants
    Antidepressants for Social Phobia Treatment of Social Phobia With Antidepressants Franklin R. Schneier, M.D. This article reviews evidence for the utility of antidepressant medications in the treatment of social phobia. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were the first antidepressants shown to be effective © Copyrightfor social phobia, but 2001dietary restrictions Physicians and a relatively Postgraduate high rate of adverse effects Press, often relegate Inc. MAOIs to use after other treatments have been found ineffective. Reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase (RIMAs) hold promise as safer alternatives to MAOIs, but RIMAs may be less effective and are currently unavailable in the United States. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), of which paroxetine has been the best studied in social phobia to date, have recently emerged as a first- line treatment for the generalized subtype of social phobia. The SSRIs are well tolerated and consis- tently have been shown to be efficacious in controlled trials. (J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62[suppl 1]:43–48) arly evidence that antidepressantsOne might personal have utility copy maypressant be printed treatment of other anxiety disorders, such as panic E in the treatment of social phobia emerged in the disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In particular, 1970s when studies found efficacy for monoamine oxidase the high rate of comorbidity of anxiety disorders with de- inhibitors (MAOIs) in patient samples that included both pression3 makes treatment with antidepressants an efficient
    [Show full text]
  • 'Gating' Residues Ile199 and Tyr326 in Human Monoamine Oxidase B
    The ‘gating’ residues Ile199 and Tyr326 in human monoamine oxidase B function in substrate and inhibitor recognition Erika M. Milczek1,*, Claudia Binda2, Stefano Rovida2, Andrea Mattevi2 and Dale E. Edmondson1 1 Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA 2 Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pavia, Italy Keywords The major structural difference between human monoamine oxidases A dipartite to monopartite cavity conversion; (MAO A) and B (MAO B) is that MAO A has a monopartite substrate inhibitor specificity; monoamine oxidase B; cavity of 550 A˚3 volume and MAO B contains a dipartite cavity struc- mutations of gating residues; structure of ture with volumes of 290 A˚3 (entrance cavity) and 400 A˚3 (substrate methylene blue complex cavity). Ile199 and Tyr326 side chains separate these two cavities in MAO Correspondence B. To probe the function of these gating residues, Ile199Ala and Ile199Ala- D. E. Edmondson, Department of Tyr326Ala mutant forms of MAO B were investigated. Structural data on Biochemistry, Emory University, 1510 the Ile199Ala MAO B mutant show no alterations in active site geometries Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA compared with wild-type enzyme while the Ile199Ala-Tyr326Ala MAO B Fax: +1 404 727 2738 mutant exhibits alterations in residues 100–103 which are part of the loop Tel: +1 404 727 5972 gating the entrance to the active site. Both mutant enzymes exhibit catalytic E-mail: [email protected] properties with increased amine KM but unaltered kcat values. The altered *Present address KM values on mutation are attributed to the influence of the cavity struc- Department of Chemistry, Princeton ture in the binding and subsequent deprotonation of the amine substrate.
    [Show full text]
  • Insights Into the Mechanisms of Action Ofthe MAO Inhibitors Phenelzine and Tranylcypromine
    Insights into the Mechanisms of Action of the MAO Inhibitors Phenelzine and Tranylcypromine: A Review Glen B. Baker, Ph.D., Ronald T. Coutts, Ph.D., D.Sc., Kevin F. McKenna, M.D., and Rhonda L. Sherry-McKenna, B.Sc. Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Submitted: July 10, 1992 Accepted: October 7, 1992 Although the non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors phenelzine and tranylcypromine have been used for many years, much still remains to be understood about their mechanisms of action. Other factors, in addition to the inhibition of monoamine oxidase and the subsequent elevation of brain levels of the catecholamines and 5-hydroxytryptamine, may contribute to the overall pharma- cological profiles ofthese drugs. This review also considers the effects on brain levels of amino acids and trace amines, uptake and release of neurotransmitter amines at nerve terminals, receptors for amino acids and amines, and enzymes other than monoamine oxidase, including enzymes involved in metabolism of other drugs. The possible contributions of metabolism and stereochemistry to the actions of these monoamine oxidase inhibitors are discussed. Key Words: amino acids, monoamine oxidase, neurotransmitter amines, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, uptake Despite the fact that the non-selective monoamine oxidase nerve endings (Baker et al 1977; Raiteri et al 1977) and/or (MAO) inhibitors phenelzine (PLZ) and tranylcypromine may act as neuromodulators through direct actions on recep- (TCP) (see Fig. 1) have been used clinically for many years, tors for the catecholamines and/or 5-HT (Jones 1983; much remains to be learned about theirmechanisms ofaction.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0011643 A1 Dilisa Et Al
    US 2015 0011643A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2015/0011643 A1 DiLisa et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jan. 8, 2015 (54) TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE AND (60) Provisional application No. 61/038,230, filed on Mar. ASSOCATED CONDITIONS BY 20, 2008, provisional application No. 61/155,704, ADMINISTRATION OF MONOAMINE filed on Feb. 26, 2009. OXIDASE INHIBITORS (71) Applicants:Nazareno Paolocci, Baltimore, MD Publication Classification (US); Univeristy of Padua, Padova (IT) (51) Int. Cl. (72) Inventors: Fabio DiLisa, Padova (IT): Ning Feng, A63L/38 (2006.01) Baltimore, MD (US); Nina Kaludercic, (52) U.S. Cl. Baltimore, MD (US); Nazareno CPC ..... ... A61 K31/138 (2013.01) Paolocci, Baltimore, MD (US) USPC .......................................................... S14/651 (21) Appl. No.: 14/332,234 (22) Filed: Jul. 15, 2014 (57) ABSTRACT Related U.S. Application Data Administration of monoamine oxidase inhibitors is useful in (63) Continuation of application No. 12/407,739, filed on the prevention and treatment of heart failure and incipient Mar. 19, 2009, now abandoned. heart failure. Patent Application Publication Jan. 8, 2015 Sheet 1 of 2 US 201S/0011643 A1 Figure 1 Sial 8. Sws-L) Cleaved Š Caspase-3 ) Figure . Prevention of caspase-3 productief) fron cardiomyocytes Lapoi) reatment with clorgyi Be. Patent Application Publication Jan. 8, 2015 Sheet 2 of 2 US 201S/0011643 A1 Figure 2 8:38:8 ::::::::8: US 2015/0011643 A1 Jan. 8, 2015 TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE AND in the art is a variety of MAO inhibitors and their pharmaceu ASSOCATED CONDITIONS BY tically acceptable compositions for administration, in accor ADMINISTRATION OF MONOAMINE dance with the present invention, to mammals including, but OXIDASE INHIBITORS not limited to, humans.
    [Show full text]
  • Attendee Guidelines
    (Temple of Eternal Sound) Attendee Guidelines 1. Introduction 2. Practical Guidelines -Preparation -Contraindications -Food -Clothing -Cleansing -During the Session -Suggested Best Practices -Temple Practices & Ritual Norms -Single Sacrament Sanctuary 3. Code of Ethics 4. Dietary Guidelines 5. Medical Information 6. Attendee Waiver Céu do Som Welcome, Thank you for your interest in our Forest Family Circles, Realisation Retreats and Wisdom Works at the Temple of Céu do Som & Abuelatree Sanctuary. You are endeavouring to participate in what, for us, is one of the most profound and meaningful doorways into the mysteries of the Sacred & Profound. The following pages are practical suggestions outlining our expectations, guidelines and safety measures to ensure harmony for you, for our work and for our community. We seek to uphold a high standard in regards to the safe space of transformation and realisation that may create a positive impact through healing and integration of our participants. The guidelines in this booklet all serve a direct purpose. We ask that each one be approached with due respect. It is not necessary to subscribe to our points of view in order to receive the sacrament. We do not discriminate and find that ultimately it is up to the individual to discover what is true for them. Así Céu do Som PRACTICAL GUIDELINES Preparation for the spiritual study Contraindications (refer to Medical Information section for more details) 1. If you are uncertain about any contraindications or factors please ask. 2. If you have any personal concerns a meeting can be arranged prior in order to discuss. 3. If you are taking any prescription medication, namely antidepressants, antipsychotics or SSRI's please speak to us (Refer to Medical Information section).
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmaceutical Appendix to the Tariff Schedule 2
    Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2007) (Rev. 2) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2007) (Rev. 2) Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names (INN) which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. ABACAVIR 136470-78-5 ACIDUM LIDADRONICUM 63132-38-7 ABAFUNGIN 129639-79-8 ACIDUM SALCAPROZICUM 183990-46-7 ABAMECTIN 65195-55-3 ACIDUM SALCLOBUZICUM 387825-03-8 ABANOQUIL 90402-40-7 ACIFRAN 72420-38-3 ABAPERIDONUM 183849-43-6 ACIPIMOX 51037-30-0 ABARELIX 183552-38-7 ACITAZANOLAST 114607-46-4 ABATACEPTUM 332348-12-6 ACITEMATE 101197-99-3 ABCIXIMAB 143653-53-6 ACITRETIN 55079-83-9 ABECARNIL 111841-85-1 ACIVICIN 42228-92-2 ABETIMUSUM 167362-48-3 ACLANTATE 39633-62-0 ABIRATERONE 154229-19-3 ACLARUBICIN 57576-44-0 ABITESARTAN 137882-98-5 ACLATONIUM NAPADISILATE 55077-30-0 ABLUKAST 96566-25-5 ACODAZOLE 79152-85-5 ABRINEURINUM 178535-93-8 ACOLBIFENUM 182167-02-8 ABUNIDAZOLE 91017-58-2 ACONIAZIDE 13410-86-1 ACADESINE 2627-69-2 ACOTIAMIDUM 185106-16-5 ACAMPROSATE 77337-76-9
    [Show full text]
  • Ssris and Tricyclic Antidepressants Increase Response Rates in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Short Term
    Evid Based Mental Health: first published as 10.1136/ebmh.4.2.54 on 1 May 2001. Downloaded from Review: SSRIs and tricyclic antidepressants increase response rates in post-traumatic stress disorder in the short term Stein DJ, Zungu-Dirwayi N, van Der Linden GJ, et al. Pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000;(4):CD002795 (latest version 20 Jul 2000). QUESTION: In patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is pharmacotherapy effective for relieving symptoms? Data sources Main results Studies were identified by searching Medline (1966–99); 13 RCTs (14 comparisons) of tricyclic antidepressants PsycLIT; the National PTSD Center Pilots database; (TCAs) (3 comparisons), monoamine oxidase Dissertation Abstracts; and the Cochrane Collaboration (MAO) inhibitors (2 comparisons), brofaromine Depression, Anxiety & Neurosis Controlled Trials Regis- (2 comparisons), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ter; by scanning reference lists of articles; and by contact- (SSRIs) (4 comparisons), alprazolam (1 comparison), ing researchers and pharmaceutical companies. lamotrigine (1 comparison), and inositol (1 compari- son) met criteria. Follow up ranged from 4–14 weeks Study selection (mean 9 wks). More patients responded to SSRIs Source of funding: Published or unpublished randomised controlled trials MRC Research Unit on or TCAs than placebo (table). In 1 RCT, phenelzine led Anxiety and Stress (RCTs) in any language were selected if participants had to a higher response rate than placebo; 1 small RCT Disorders, Cape Town, PTSD (as defined by authors) and if a drug was of lamotrigine and 2 RCTs of brofaromine showed no South Africa. compared with placebo or another drug. difference in response rates between groups For correspondence: Data extraction (table).
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Supplemental Figure 1: Illustration of Time-Varying
    Supplemental Material Table of Contents Supplemental Table 1: List of classes and medications. Supplemental Table 2: Association between benzodiazepines and mortality in patients initiating hemodialysis (n=69,368) between 2013‐2014 stratified by age, sex, race, and opioid co‐dispensing. Supplemental Figure 1: Illustration of time‐varying exposure to benzodiazepine or opioid claims for one person. Several sensitivity analyses were performed wherein person‐day exposure was extended to +7 days, +14 days, and +28 days beyond the outlined periods above. 1 Supplemental Table 1: List of classes and medications. Class Medications Short‐acting benzodiazepines Alprazolam, estazolam, lorazepam, midazolam, oxazepam, temazepam, and triazolam Long‐acting benzodiazepines chlordiazepoxide, clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, diazepam, flurazepam Opioids alfentanil, buprenorphine, butorphanol, codeine, dihydrocodeine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphine, meperidine, methadone, morphine, nalbuphine, nucynta, oxycodone, oxymorphone, pentazocine, propoxyphene, remifentanil, sufentanil, tapentadol, talwin, tramadol, carfentanil, pethidine, and etorphine Antidepressants citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvozamine, paroxetine, sertraline; desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, levomilnacipran, milnacipran, venlafaxine; vilazodone, vortioxetine; nefazodone, trazodone; atomoxetine, reboxetine, teniloxazine, viloxazine; bupropion; amitriptyline, amitriptylinoxide, clomipramine, desipramine, dibenzepin, dimetacrine, dosulepin, doxepin, imipramine, lofepramine, melitracen,
    [Show full text]
  • Mikocka-Walus Et Al-2017
    This is a repository copy of Adjuvant therapy with antidepressants for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (Protocol). White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/118724/ Version: Published Version Article: Mikocka-Walus, Antonina Anna orcid.org/0000-0003-4864-3956, Fielder, Andrea, Prady, Stephanie Louise orcid.org/0000-0002-8933-8045 et al. (3 more authors) (2017) Adjuvant therapy with antidepressants for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (Protocol). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. ISSN 1469-493X https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012680 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Adjuvant therapy with antidepressants for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (Protocol) Mikocka-Walus A, Fielder A, Prady SL, Esterman AJ, Knowles S, Andrews JM Mikocka-Walus A, Fielder A, Prady SL, Esterman AJ, Knowles S, Andrews JM. Adjuvant therapy with antidepressants for the management of inflammatory bowel disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register / Vol. 60, No. 80 / Wednesday, April 26, 1995 / Notices DIX to the HTSUS—Continued
    20558 Federal Register / Vol. 60, No. 80 / Wednesday, April 26, 1995 / Notices DEPARMENT OF THE TREASURY Services, U.S. Customs Service, 1301 TABLE 1.ÐPHARMACEUTICAL APPEN- Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DIX TO THE HTSUSÐContinued Customs Service D.C. 20229 at (202) 927±1060. CAS No. Pharmaceutical [T.D. 95±33] Dated: April 14, 1995. 52±78±8 ..................... NORETHANDROLONE. A. W. Tennant, 52±86±8 ..................... HALOPERIDOL. Pharmaceutical Tables 1 and 3 of the Director, Office of Laboratories and Scientific 52±88±0 ..................... ATROPINE METHONITRATE. HTSUS 52±90±4 ..................... CYSTEINE. Services. 53±03±2 ..................... PREDNISONE. 53±06±5 ..................... CORTISONE. AGENCY: Customs Service, Department TABLE 1.ÐPHARMACEUTICAL 53±10±1 ..................... HYDROXYDIONE SODIUM SUCCI- of the Treasury. NATE. APPENDIX TO THE HTSUS 53±16±7 ..................... ESTRONE. ACTION: Listing of the products found in 53±18±9 ..................... BIETASERPINE. Table 1 and Table 3 of the CAS No. Pharmaceutical 53±19±0 ..................... MITOTANE. 53±31±6 ..................... MEDIBAZINE. Pharmaceutical Appendix to the N/A ............................. ACTAGARDIN. 53±33±8 ..................... PARAMETHASONE. Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the N/A ............................. ARDACIN. 53±34±9 ..................... FLUPREDNISOLONE. N/A ............................. BICIROMAB. 53±39±4 ..................... OXANDROLONE. United States of America in Chemical N/A ............................. CELUCLORAL. 53±43±0
    [Show full text]
  • Incidence of and Risk Factors for Chronic Opioid Use Among Opioid-Naive Patients in the Postoperative Period
    Supplementary Online Content Sun EC, Darnall BD, Baker LC, Mackey S. Incidence of and risk factors for chronic opioid use among opioid-naïve patients in the postoperative period. JAMA Intern Med. Published online July 11, 2016. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.3298. eTable 1. List of CPT Codes eFigure. Sample Construction Flow Chart eTable 2. List of Drug Classes eTable 3. List of Medical Comorbidities and ICD-9 Codes eTable 4. Sample Summary Characteristics, by procedure eTable 5. Risk Factors for Chronic Opioid Use Following Surgery Among Opioid Naïve Patients This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/29/2021 eTable 1. List of CPT codes CPT Codes Total Knee Arthroplasty1 27447 Total Hip Arthroplasty1 27130 Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy2 47562, 47563, 47564 Open Cholecystectomy3 47600, 47605, 47610 Laparoscopic Appendectomy4 44970, 44979 Open Appendectomy5 44950, 44960 Cesarean Section6 59510, 59514, 59515 FESS7 31237, 31240, 31254, 31255, 31256, 31267, 31276, 31287, 31288 Cataract Surgery8 66982, 66983, 66984 TURP9 52601, 52612, 52614 Simple Mastectomy10‐12 19301, 19302, 19303, 19180 © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/29/2021 eFigure. Sample Construction Flow Chart © 2016 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 09/29/2021 eTable 2.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2014/151206 Al 25 September 2014 (25.09.2014) P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2014/151206 Al 25 September 2014 (25.09.2014) P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, C07K 7/08 (2006.01) A61P 1/00 (2006.01) BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, A61K 38/10 (2006.01) A61P 29/00 (2006.01) DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, (21) International Application Number: KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, PCT/US20 14/025207 MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, (22) International Filing Date: OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, 13 March 2014 (13.03.2014) SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, (25) Filing Language: English ZW. (26) Publication Language: English (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (30) Priority Data: kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 61/790,266 15 March 2013 (15.03.2013) US GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, 61/826,749 23 May 2013 (23.05.2013) US UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, (71) Applicant: SYNERGY PHARMACEUTICALS INC.
    [Show full text]