A

Abbot, Lyman with Wildflowers”, 19:33; championed rural electric manages H. E. Bradford & Co. after H. E. Bradford cooperatives, 19:34; make enemies to get votes, dies in 1878, 12:12 19:35; mentioned, 20:7; helped scuttle flood control Abel, Oliver Jr. projects, but changes later, 20:11; mentioned, 20:12; hired to build Old First Church in Bennington, 16:6 – 1939 appointments of Sam Ogden, 21:38; photo, 17; other ventures, 16:15n28; builds Griffin Hall at 21:40 Williams College, 16:15 – 16 Aiken, Judge John Abel, Mary mentioned, 14:38 Oliver Abel’s wife, 16:16 Albany Committee of Safety Abel, Thomas mentioned, 21:54 older cousin of Oliver Abel Jr., 16:7, 10, 16 Albert Einstein Medical School Abercrombie, Lascelles Prof. Novikoff survives Red Scare at, 18:18 mentioned, 19:52 Albright-Knox Art Gallery Abercromby, Gen. James mentioned, 18:31, 32 defeat at , 15:38 Aldine Knitting Company abolition 1880 Bennington knitting mill, 12:13 revival influence, 21:32 Alfred University Abstract Expressionism mentioned re: ceramic training, 3:17 1950s art movement, 17:15; 18:35 Algiers A Century in the Mountains, Celebration ’s another name for East Bennington, 21:13 Long Trail Allen-A Company by Tom Slayton, 14:29 Bennington knitting mill closes in 1941, 12:15 acoustic shadow Allen, Col. Alonsen, conditions that prevent normal transmission of mentioned, 19:40 sound, 16:38 Allen, Ethan 50 (School Funding) Reason: the Only Oracle of man, 5:17; review of bi- mentioned, 15:41 ography, 7:43; mentioned, 9:45; called traitor for ne- Act 250 gotiating with British, 10:15 – 20; as British captive, mentioned, 13:43; Vermont’s acclaimed 1970 land 12:36; mentioned, 13:47, 48; mentioned, 14:36, 47, use law, 19:7; its failure to evaluate impacts of devel- 54, 55; 15:41, 45; as Mason, 14:53; mentioned, 17:49; opment, 20:25n26; environmental relativism, 20:45; statue, 18:48 20:25n32 Allen, Ethan Voltaire Adams, John ’s son removed from jury pool in Cyrus remarks on 1765 suit brought for wrongful enslave- Dean trial, 17:49 ment, 16:20 Allen, Ebenezer Adams, Pres. John Quincy freed 2 slaves, 14:48 mentioned, 11:44 Allen, Fanny Adams, Pat mentioned, 12:52 artist on faculty of Bennington College, 18:31; Allen, Capt. Heman 20:37 – 40 mentioned, 13:47, 48 Addison, Joseph Allen, Ira mentioned, 21:21 mentioned, 9:46; 10:15 – 20; 13:48, 15:45; as Ma- Adirondack Park son, 14:53; UVM campus statue, 18:back cover statue mentioned, 14:34 Allen, Joseph “Ague” or “Ager” Father of Ethan, Levi, Ira, 10:20 disease derivation for Egg Mountain?, 21:54 Allen, Levi Aiken, Sen. George, mentioned, 10:15 – 20; sided with the Crown, 19:47 mentioned, 18:48; 19:19, 23, 29; takes seat on the Allen, Richard Sanders Foreign Affairs Committee to prevent Joseph McCar- re iron bridges in Vermont, 13:28 thy from getting it, 19:29, 32; Working For Aiken, by Allen, Parson Thomas Anthony Marro, 19:31 – 37; photo, 19:33; “Pioneering mentioned, 17:22

1

Alliance Community Church Andersonville mentioned, 18:17 mentioned, 11:35 Alloway, Laurence Andre, Maj. John art critic, 18:31 mentioned, 15:39; 21:53 Ambrosino, Dominick Andres, Glenn witness in Mike Kane murder case, 15:28 Architectural Elegance, 3:18; notes, 9:5; The Archi- “America First” movement tecture of the Gilded Age Comes to Vermont, 9:19 - 27 devoted to staying out of WWII, 21:46 Andrews, J. C. American Association of University Professors mentioned, 14:13 UVM chapter defends Prof. Novikoff, 18:16 – 17 analytic cubism American Antiquarian Society 1940s art movement, 18:35 mentioned, 21:10 Anglicization The American Builder’s Companion samples of French to English names, 18:22 by Asher Benjamin, 14:13, 21 antebellum period American Civil Liberties Union mentioned, 21:30, 31 mentioned, 18:12 Anthony, Peter American Civil War possible Mountain Anthony namesake, 15:14 exemplary acoustic shadows in, 16:38 Anti-Catholicism American prevalence in Vermont, 10:8 declines to deal with Grant settlers Anti-Federalists claims and requests, 12:36 mentioned, 15:44 American Craft Council Antiquities Act mentioned, 3:13 – 14 mentioned, 19:18 American Federation of Labor Appalachian Mountain Club national boycott of, 1:20 mentioned, 14:34 American Federation of Labor and Congress of In- Appalachian Trail dustrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) Conceived by Benton MacKaye, 9:36; established in mentioned, 15:15 1910 by the Green Mountain Club, 14:27; founded by American Home magazine Benton MacKaye, 14:28 Landgrove home on cover, 21:42 Aristotle American Hotel patronizing view of women, 21:7 mentioned, 11:36 Arkel, Bartlett American Magazine, The president of Beech Nut Company, 17:7, 9 offers $250 award for new writers in 1939, 21:47, Arlington Community Club 48 mentioned, 15:42 American modern craft movement Arlington, Vermont Vermont as its birthplace, 3:13 as home of authors, illustrators, painters, 1920 – American Textile Museum 1960, 7:7 photo of “doffer girl” courtesy of, 12:23 Arlington Edge Tool Company Ames Augur Works new name for 1878 purchase of chisel works, 16:58 Chiselworks joins in Connecticut in 1876, 16:58 Armed Services Committee Ames, Oaks mentioned, 19:23 – 24, 26 acquires chisel works in 1860, 16:58 Arnold, Benedict Amestoy, Jeffrey mentioned, 14:36; 15:39 chief justice of the Supreme Court of Vermont, “Around the Corner” 13:43; authored seminal states rights opinion on photo of Grandma Moses Crewel embroidery, 15:19 same-sex marriage, 13:43 Articles of Confederation Amherst College mentioned, 15:44 mentioned, 14:44; Robert Frost on faculty, 19:50 Art Institute of Chicago Amherst College Alumni Association mentioned, 18:46 mentioned, 14:44 Arts and Crafts Advisory Commission Anburey, Thomas mentioned, 3:19 – 21 critique of his memoir, 16:51

2

Arts Students League Auburn Prison mentioned, 17:11, 19 mentioned, 15:31 Asellus Audet, Rev. Jean-Frederic photo of 1964 Paul Feeley work, 18:31 founded St. Francis Xavier Church in Winooski, Asher Benjamin house 18:27 Windsor home mentioned, 16:8 Audet, Toussaint Ashley, Clifford rebel refugee from Lower Canada 1837 rebellion, mentioned, 17:12 18:24 Ashley, Hannah Ault, W. wife of John Ashley, 16:21 mentioned, 14:21 Ashley, Jim Austin, Alice critiqued Arthur Jones’ work, 17:11 early photographer, 1:21 Ashley, John Austin, John 18th century slaveholder in Sheffield, MA, 16:21 rebel militia-man at , 16:39 Ashley stoves Austin, Nicolas mentioned, 21:58 censured, 21:32; marries Harriet Orvis, 21:33 AskART Austin, Senator Warren art archive website, 20:26 19:23 Assemblies of God Chapel Auxiliary to the Sons of Veterans mentioned, 18:17 mentioned, 11:35 Atherton, John (1900 – 1952) Avery, Pastor David mentioned, 15:43 moved to Bennington with slave in 1780, 14:47 Atkins, Elijah “away” mentioned, 14:22 20 miles or more from home for long time Vermont- Attica Prison ers, 19:32 mentioned, 15:31 Ayer, Nathan 1846-7 principle Union Academy, 21:14

B

Babcock, Richard Baker-White, Tracy studied barns in the Hoosic Valley, 20:45 biographical notes, 14:5; 16:5; Harwood Diaries Re- Bach, Lt. Johann Michael veal Life and Times of Hiram Waters of Old Benning- Hessian officer, 1:6 ton, 14:7 – 26; notes, 16:5; Bennington’s “master- Badger, William workman,” Oliver Abel Jr., 16:6 – 17 review of The Coming of the Train, Vol. 1, by Brian Ball, Miss A. Donelson, 2:36; Vol. 2, 9:56 - 58 opened boarding school for young ladies in Ben- Bailey, Guy nington in 1812, 21:11; committee appointed to su- president of UVM suggests National Monument to perintend and examine scholars weekly, 21:11 President Roosevelt, 19:18 Ballard, Eliza Baker, John co-founded the Bennington Seminary in 1828, chauffeur of Mary Sanford, 1:18 21:17 Baker, Remember Ballard, James mentioned, 13:48 co-founded the Bennington Seminary with father- Baker vs. State in-law Stephen Hinsdill, 14:19 ; becomes principle of 1999 Vermont same-sex marriage case, 13:43 Bennington Academy in 1827, 21:16; “church trial”

3 and dismissal from Academy, 21:16; prominent citi- Battle of New Orleans zens offer support, 21:18 British defeated after peace treaty signed, 8:13 Ballard, Stanley Battle of Saratoga operated pottery in Burlington, 3:18 mentioned, 21:53 Ballou, William John Bauhaus art School advocate for existence of catamounts, 9:48 mentioned, 3:21 Ball’s Town (Ballston Spa) Baum, Lt. Col. Friedrich where British attack failed in 1776, 19:57 Brunswick commander of allied British forces in Bat- Barber, Orion M. tle of Bennington, 5:35 – 37; 8:48; 16:37 – 49; 17:22, John G. McCullough’s campaign manager, 6:12 25 Barker, Thomas M. Baxter Brothers author mentioned, 7:49 canned corn in Westminster, 12:53 Barnard Monster Baxter, Elizabeth last catamount killed in Vermont, 9:4 wife of Congressman Portus Baxter, worked in Barner, Major Ferdinand Albrecht von Washington hospitals, 11:35 Brunswick officer at Battle of Bennington, 16:43 Bayan, Richard S. Barnes Camp in Smuggler’s Notch Humorous Tales of Bennington-on-the-Hill, 14:9, 19 advertised Long Trail Guide, 1940, 9:40 Bayard, Clifford Adams 1892 – 1965) Barny, Col. Elisha Vermont impressionist, 13:33, 37, 38n1 funeral in Swanton:, 11:35 Bay of Quinte Baro, Gene loyalist refuge, 13:48 art critic, 18:31 Bays, John Baroness Halkett buys Shays’ land in Sandgate, 21:54 Helen Stokes’ sister, 1:24 Bean, Daniel Barre-Montpelier Times-Argus notes, 19:6; Orphan Trains in Vermont, 8:44 - 46 mentioned, 18:48 Bean, Joseph Barrington, Thomas Sr. Norwich native received 3 patents, 12:51 Big Boy Quarry superintendent, photo circa 1920, Beardsley, Levi 19:42 reported on the loudness of the Battle of Benning- Bartlett, John ton, 16:41 prize student of Robert Frost, 14:45 Bed Bug and Cockroach Exterminator Baruch, Bernard a must have for the California gold rush, 13:9 mentioned, 15:9 Beech Nut Company Bassett, T. D. Seymour mentioned, 17:7 The Gods of the Hills on religion in Vermont, 16:35 Beekman, Scott Bates College Wm. Pelley biographer, 21:49 mentioned, 21:60 Beers Atlas map (1869) Battel, Joseph mentioned, 21:60 wills land on Camels Hump to Vermont, 20:13 - 14 Bellisiles, Michael Battle of Bennington traditionalist Ethan Allen historian, 14:53 first-hand reports by participants, 8:47 – 48; men- Benedict, Alvin tioned, 13:47; mentioned, 15:38; 16:18; 18:51 mentioned, 14:25 Battle of Bennington Monument Benjamin, Asher mentioned, 21:10 meetinghouse architect, 2:20, 22, 24, 26 – 27; The Battle of Bull Run American Builder’s Companion, 14:13, 21; 16:6; pub- mentioned, 18:49 lishes Country Builder’s Assistant a pattern book in Battle of Bunker Hill 1797, 16:15; 20:36; Rudiments of Architecture of mentioned, 15:38; 16:18 1805, 16:15n27 Battle of Lake Champlain Benmont Avenue helped end War of 1812, 8:7 – 8, 11 then Mill Street site of a Moseley bridge, 13:28 Battle of Hubbardton mentioned, 13:47, 55; 16:50

4

Bennet, Charles G. Pope, Scott, James Thompson, Mary Hays, and Fran- Bennington Museum librarian who debunked Grace cis Augustus Cox, 21:21 Niles’ report of ’s 1790 visit to Bennington Free Library Bennington, 20:44 as site of public forums, 9:51 Bennet, Henry (1618 – 1685) Bennington fulling mill 1st Earl of Arlington, Keeper of the Privy Purse, 19:51 opens in 1792, 13:17 Bennett, David Bennington & Glastenbury Railroad A Few Lawless Vagabonds reviewed by Wilson B. mentioned, 14:29, 30, 34, back cover Brown, 14:54 – 56 Bennington Graded School Bennett, Stewart described, 13:27; photo, 13:28 reviewed art for the Manchester Journal, 17:17 Bennington Knitting Company Bennetts, Mary Amelia 1880s Bennington knitting mill, 12:13 John Spargo’s second wife, 15:12 Bennington knitting mills Bennington Academy nation’s fourth largest late nineteenth century pro- photo, 21:7; sketch from 1856 Rice Harwood map, ducers, 13:19 21:12; established in 1821, 21:15; James Ballard ap- Bennington Machine Works pointed principle, then fired, 21:17; staff turnover in founded by Olin Scott in 1865 to make heavy gun- 1830s, 21:16 - 17; discontinued women’s education in powder producing machinery and other heavy equip- 1839, 21:17 ment, 13:21 - 22 Bennington Banner Bennington Meetinghouse mentioned, 14:12; 15:9, 13, 15, 26; 19:52; 21:38, 48 described and located, 2:18; Old First Church as suc- Bennington Battle Day cessor, 2:19; revival of tax for, 2:20; new building mentioned, 11:23 committee, 2:21; housed war prisoners, 7:31 Bennington Battle map Bennington Monument in San Diego mentioned, 1:6 sponsored by Henry W. Putnam, 9:60 Bennington Battle Monument Bennington Museum as memorial, 8:47; photo of dedication ceremony?, established 1928, 9:31; acquired Moseley bridge, 12:48 13:30; Three Vermont Impressionists exhibition Bennington Battle Monument and Historical Associ- Spring 2014, 13:33; mentioned, 14:7, 8, 16; 15:13; ation 17:20; opens August 16, 1928, 15:14; mentioned, John Spargo as president, 15:14 17:39 Bennington Center Cemetery Bennington Museum library mentioned, 5:6; 14:26 mentioned, 13:25 Bennington Centre Bennington Opera House, 1892 – 1959 Old Bennington, 21:15 created by Henry W. Putnam, 9:50 Bennington Centre Village School Bennington Reformer shared building with Bennington Academy, 21:15 headlined Vermont’s New Summer Resort re: Camp Bennington Charter Comfort, 1:30 granted by New Hampshire Gov. Benning Went- Bennington Seminary worth, 1:7; mentioned, 21:10 letterhead as Mount Anthony Seminary, 21:9; Bennington Club founded in 1828 by James Ballard and Eliza Ballard, second floor of Bennington Opera House, 9:54 21:17; references, 21:18 Bennington Cotton and Woolen Manufacturing Co. Bennington Souvenirs 1823 ad in Vermont Gazette for woman and child suggested reading, 13:25 workers, 13:15; established in 1810, 13:17 Bennington tannery and shoe mill Bennington College opens in 1795, 13:17 mentioned, 13:45; 17:9; 19:53, 54 Bennington town clerk’s office Bennington Female Charitable Society mention of death records, 1:28n12 mentioned, 21:13 Bennington’s Book Bennington Female Reading Society by Alexander B. R. Drysdale, 1:8n10 mentioned in Almira Selden’s book Effusions of the Bennington & Woodford Electric Railway Company Heart, 21:21; group read Life of Aristides, 21:21; mentioned, 14:30 group probably read other works by Addison, Sterne,

5

Bennington Woolen Mills Biographical Glossary of Correspondents see Holden-Leonard “Big Mill”, 13:22 Letters of Robert Frost: Vol. 2, 1920 – 1928, 19:51 Bergen, Judge Bird, Edward judge who sentenced Harry Pincus, 15:33 accepted Hubbardton’s $500 bounty to fill its quota Bergman, Vonda for soldiers and to buy a farm and house, 18:25 Rutland Herald’s Washington correspondent, 19:17 Bird, Ted Berkshire County map notes, 9:5; The Bennington Opera House and Gen- eighteenth century map depicting route of 6th eral Stark Theater, 1892 – 1959, 9:50 - 55; acknowl- Worcester County militia regiment to Battle of Ben- edged, 11:24 nington, 17:30 Bishop, Earl and Harry Berkshire Natural Resources Council quantity of ferns picked daily, 1:40 mentioned, 14:37 Bister, Donna Bertolino, Frank and Marianna co-authored Plain and Fancy re Vermont quilts, opened a general store to serve Italians in Poultney, 11:25 19:46 Black, Archibald Bethel Historical Society land holder in South Woodford, 2:11 Vermont’s Elusive Architect: George H. Guernsey, Blackmer, Hiram 14:51 mentioned, 14:20 Bethel Town Hall Blackmer, Holland photo, 14:49 mentioned, 14:21 Bett, Mum Blackmer, S. H. slave who gained her freedom in 1781, 16:18 – 28; mentioned, 14:25 painting, 16:18 “Black Snake” Better Bennington Corporation notorious smuggling boat on Lake Champlain, 17:47 re Moseley bridge, 13:30 Blakely, Erastus Betty Parsons Gallery Jane Stickel’e brother (1820 – 1878), 11:29, 31 mentioned, 18:41, 47n11 Blakely, Erastus Biddle, Attorney Gen. Francis Jane Stickel’s father, d. 1831, 11:28 investigated William Pelley for sedition, 21:51 Blakely, Sarah Biddle, Owen Jane Stickel’s mother, 11:28 A Young Carpenter’s Assistant (1805), 16:15n27 Blandford, Mass. Bierman, Paul mentioned. 2:11 notes, 10:6; The Cultural Legacy of Vermont’s Inter- Blanton, Amos state Highways Is Preserved Online, 10:25 – 31 founder of the Deerfield River Railroad, 14:31 Big Boy Quarry Bliss, Luther photo circa 1920, 19:42 mentioned, 14:8 Bigelow, Noah Bloody Act early settler of Woodford, 2:8 mentioned, 13:47 Bigelow, William Block, Herbert “” grandfather of Mary Sanford, 1:20 mentioned, 19:23 Bill of Rights Boarding Schools ratified, 5:32; as response to Shays’ Rebellion, 21:54 mentioned, 21:10 Billings Farm Museum Board of Health former model dairy operation, 9:22 created in Vermont in 1886, 17:39 Biltmore Bole, Rita America’s largest house, early 1900s, 9:21 president Lyndon State Teacher’s College in 1948, Bingham, Harriet 18:10 artist, patron of the arts, 7:7, 9, 12 Bonaparte, Napoleon Bingham, Harry Payne Jr. effect of his defeat on War of 1812, 8:9 donated art to Bennington Museum, 7:9 Book of Mormon Bingham, Harry Payne Sr. mentioned, 16:34 art collector, trustee of Metropolitan Museum of Art, 7:9

6

Bookmark, The landscape of , 20:cover, 2; list of published Dorothy Canfield Fisher’s essay, “Robert Brackett works, 20:32; poster by Brackett, 20:33; Frost’s Hilltop” in 1926, 19:52 mural by Brackett, 20:50 Boone, Daniel Bradford Associates mentioned, 14:52 photo, 20:8 Booth, John Wilkes Bradford & Co. accidents mentioned, 6:31 1867 fire described, 12:8; 1874 gas explosion de- Booth, Vincent Ravi scribed, 12:9 – 12; fires in 1902, 1907, 1911, 1913, minister of Old First Church, 2:27 1919, 1920, and 1931 less severe, 12:14 Borgman, Carl Bradford, Edward Walling UVM President assures Vermonters that the “fac- assisted management of H. E. Bradford & Co. after ulty is 100% pro-American and anti-Communist,” his father H. E. Bradford died In 1878, 12:12 18:16 Bradford, George Sumner Evening Transcript co-founded H. E. Bradford & Co. knitting mill with articles about inferior quality of ethnic Yankee fam- brother Henry in 1858, previously ran Egberts and ilies, 10:9 Bailey mill in Cohoes, , 12:6; leaves partner- Boston Evening Gazette ship with brother and sets up own mill in 1863, 12:7 18th century ads for slaves, 16:20 Bradford, Henry Edwards Boston Normal School co-founder with brother George in 1858 of H. E. state teachers college attended by Francis Brackett, Bradford & Co., first knitting mill in Bennington, 12:6; 20:27 built housing for workers, 12:7; builds elaborate Ital- Bottom Brothers of Shaftsbury ianate villa for himself, 12:7; dies April 1878, 12:12; buy Chiselworks in 1855, 16:57 furniture described, 12:19; photo of painting by Wil- Boucher, Arthur liam Van Zandt, 12:19 photo, 21:45 H. E. Bradford & Co. Bounty, civil war new mill completed in 1868, 12:9; incorporated in fee offered to replace draftees, 11:15; raised from 1918, 12:14; brief history from 1857, 13:18, 23 - 24 original $50 to $700 during the civil war, 11:18 H. E. Bradford & Company: A Century of Knitting-mill Bourn Pond Heritage north terminus of Deerfield River Railroad, 14:31, by Ruth Burt Ekstrom, 12:6 – 17 32 H. E. Bradford house Boutelle, Congressman Charles A. photos, 12:18; mentioned, 13: 23 received the diary of William Boutelle from O. L. Bradford-Norak Company Boutelle in December, 1890, 17:24 new name of Bradford Mill after sold in 1959, 12:16 Boutelle, O. L. Bradford, William Henry discovers ancestor William Boutelle’s diary of the assisted managing H. E. Bradford & Co. after his fa- Battle of Bennington, 17:24 ther H. E. Bradford died in 1878, 12:12; commissioned Boutelle, William paintings, 12:20 kept diary as foot soldier in Battle of Bennington, Bradley, Stephen Row 17:22 – 31 U.S. Senate President Pro Tempore from Westmin- Bowdoin, Gov. James ster, 12:52, 53; senate colleague of , third governor of MA, 21:52, 53 15:44, 46 Boyd, Nancy Wickham Bradley, William Czar Biographical details, 3:16 – 19 mentioned, 12:52 Boylen, Michael “brain industries” biographical details, 3:22 – 24 like IBM attract techies to Vermont, 21:57 Brace, Charles Loring Bramhall, Peter (Paedra) mentioned, 8:44 pioneer in glass blowing, 3:23 – 24 Brace, Jeffrey Branch Pond Trail freed slave and abolitionist, Poultney farmer, 16:34 mentioned, 14:33 Brackett, Francis W. Brattleboro Retreat Francis W. Brackett (1886 – 1977): Rediscovered mental health institution where Grace Niles spent Landscape Artist by Warren Broderick, 20:26 – 33; her last days, 20:44

7

Breakenridge’s farm Brothers of St. Joseph re: Wallumschaik Patent, 1:7 once occupied Everett mansion, 9:28 Brearton, Judge James F. Browder, Earl, Rensselaer County Judge for Michael Kane murder Communist Party leader, 19:23 trial, 15:31 Brown, Caleb Breckenridge, James mentioned, 14:23 to be seized for riotous conduct, 1:7 Brown, Carl Breeze Hollow photo by Lewis Hine, 17:44 mentioned, 20:35 Brown, Dona Brenner, Jack review of Buying the Farm by Tom Fels 10:38 - 40; alias for Harry Pincus, 15:32 Back to the Land reviewed by Tom Fels, 10:41 - 43 Brenner, Mary Brown, Franklin wife of Harry Pincus alias Jack Brenner, 15:33 murdered in 1847 near Hoosick, 15:22 Breymann, Lt. Col. Heinrich Brown & Gage Foundry Brunswick commander of relief British forces at the photo, 13:16; described, 13:21 Battle of Bennington, 16:37 – 49; 17:22, 25 Brown, Horace (1876 – 1949) Brezlin, Howard Vermont impressionist, 13:36; Old Lime Kilns, 13:36 author, 8:35 Brown, Jane Clark Brewster, William satirical cartoons in Suburban List of Essex Junction, ancestor of Mary Sanford, 1:19 20:9, 10 Brick Row Brown, Jennifer S. H. housing built for North Bennington Boot and Shoe biographical notes, 12:5; William Marsh, ‘a Rather Company workers, 13:23 Shadowy Figure,’ Crossed Boundaries both National Bristow, Preston and Political, 12:36 – 47; notes, 14:6; review of In- notes, 14:5; Vermont’s Long Trail and Logging Rail- venting Ethan Allen by John J. Duffy and H. Nicholas roads, 14:27 – 35 Muller III, 14:51 – 53; mentioned, 15:41 British Navy Brown, Joseph mentioned, 17:47 architectural designs, 2:23, 29 Broadway Bridge Project Brown, Samuel H. large Moseley bridge project in Boston, 13:29 mentioned, 14:11 Brockway, Thomas Brown Shirts mentioned, 1:28 mentioned, 21:46 Broderick, Warren F. Brown, Wilson B. notes, 15:5; Shedding New Light on the Michael biographical notes, 12:5; William Marsh, ‘a Rather Kane Murder Case, 15:22 - 37; Natural Areas of Rens- Shadowy Figure’ Crossed Boundaries both National selaer County, New York, 15:22; notes, 20:5; Francis and Political, 12:36 – 47; notes, 14:5; review of A Few W. Brackett (1886 – 1977): Rediscovered Landscape Lawless Vagabonds by David Bennett, 14:54 – 56; Artist, 20:26 – 33 mentioned, 15:41 Brokaw, Tom Brownson, Gideon mentioned, 11:37 mentioned, 13:48 Bromley Ski Area Brownson, Minerva mentioned, 4:15 Academy assistant principle, 21:17 Brom and Bett vs. J. Ashley, Esq. Bruhn, Paul 1781 suit to restore slaves’ freedom, 16:25 mentioned, 14:57 Brooke, Sen. Edward Brush, Crean mentioned, 19:36 Westminster Irish Tory attorney, 12:53; mentioned, Brook Farm 14:52 Utopian experiment, 21:32, 33 Bryan, Alden his painting as cover art, 14:56 Brooklyn College Bryan, Frank mentioned, 18:16 mentioned, 14:57 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters Bryan, Rev. John mentioned, 15:15 loyalist mentioned, 12:43 – 45

8

Bryant, William Cullen Burlington Daily News poem for Battle of Bennington centennial, 1:44; mentioned, 18:6; sample article, 18:7; Loeb paper handwritten original reproduction, 1:back cover supported McCarthyism, 18:6 – 19; 19:24 Buchanan, Scott Burlington Free Press William Dudley Pelley: A Life in Right Wing Extrem- mentioned, 18:6; sample article, 18:7; supported ism, 21:46 McCarthyism, 18:6 – 19; apology 36 years late, 18:18; Bucher, Fanny S. on William Pelley, 21:48 quilter as skilled as Jane Stickle, 11:32n7 Burnett family of Halifax Buck, David raised mice for research during depression, 17:50 mentioned, 16:9 Burnham, Alpha K. Buckley, Christopher principle Bennington Academy, 21:16 took over Gen. Stark Theater, 9:54 Burnham, Janet Hayward Bucklin, Rev. Harold co-editor, Bethel Historical Society, 14:51 supports Prof. Novikoff, 18:17 Burnham, Rogers Budde, William co-founder AA, 8:56 “Why Walloomsack?” describes spelling variations, “Burned Over District” 1:6 – 8; notes, 12:5; review of The Stories by Tom mentioned, 16:34; central NY revival hotbed, 21:29 Weakley, 12:55 - 6 Burt, Catherine Bugbee, Anne Reward of Merit from her instructress, 21:7; from acknowledged, 11:24; notes, 12:5; Recollections of 1816 sampler at age 9, 21:9 a Mill Worker, 12:23 - 35 Burt, George Bulfinch, Charles mentioned, 16:57 meetinghouse designer, 2:20; 16:6, 8 Burt, William Jr. Bull, Charles Catherine Burt’s father, 21:10 mentioned, 16:9 Burton, Arthur Gibbs (1883 – 1969) Bull Run Vermont impressionist, 13:33, 37, 38n1 mentioned, 11:12 - 13 Burton, Lieut. Bull, William C. wrote of bad news from the front in 1862, 11:16 architect, 6:19 – 26 Butler, Benjamin Bump, Louise Blakely mentioned, 11:36 donated Jane Stickle quilt, 11:31 Butler, John Marshal Burden, Henry mentioned, 19:23 patented horseshoe machine used exclusively by Buxenbaum, Una army in civil war and employed more than 50 men in contributed to 1948 Wallace campaign, 18:14 Bennington for his furnaces, 11:19 Buying the Farm Burden Iron Works 10:38; Farm Friends, history of Montague Farm, mentioned, 13:25 10:39; review of Back to the Land, by Dona Brown, Bureau of Criminal Investigation 10:41 mentioned, 15:25 Bushee, Kevin Burgoyne campaign photo mantel Joshua Munro house, 16:6 mentioned, 13:47 Byler, Charles L. Burgoyne, Gen. John notes, 9:5; Johann Michael Kasler: Hessian Soldier, mentioned, 7:31; militia actions, 4:39 – 41; 5:35 – 9:6 - 11 40; commanded British forces at Battle of Saratoga Byrnes, James and related engagements, 16:37 – 49; strategy, 16:50; Secretary of State for Truman, 18:8 and loyalists, 18:51; turning point?, 19:56 - 58 Byron, George Gordon (Lord) Burkhardt, Fred mentioned, 21:20 mentioned, 18:39, 47n6 Burligh Company Troy map company shows bowstring bridge, 13:28

9

C

Cabot Creamery Carleton, Guy mentioned, 14:58 Governor General of Canada, Ethan Allen corre- Cahill, Frank sponded with 1788, 10:19, 21; as governor of Cana- helped with autopsy of Mike Kane, 15:25 dian provinces, 14:53; mentioned, 18:51 Caledonian Carlisle, Marcia St. Johnsbury paper, 21:49 mentioned, 1:28n7 California gold grease Carlson, John (1875 – 1947) $10 for a sure fire gold attractant, 13:9 prominent artist drawn to Vermont, 13:37 California gold rush Carlson, Rev. John attracts 11,000 Vermonters, 13:7 opposes retaining Prof. Novikoff, 18:17 Calkins, Herbert A. Carpathian mountains columnist for Troy Record, 15:34 mentioned, 19:42 Camara Carr, Maj. Gen. a present slate operator, 19:48 mentioned, 11:23 Camels Hump Carroll, Earl fights off development, 20:8; “keeping a promise,” Vanities notorious Broadway theater, 15:30 20:11 Carscallen, Edward Camels Hump State Park and Forest Reserve loyalist, 18:51 established in April, 1969, 20:15 Carson, Rachel Camp Comfort published Silent Spring, 20:10 Vermont example of modernity in tourism, 3:30 Carthusians Campbell, David monastic order confused with crustaceans, 20:18 mentioned, 3:20 Carty, Rev. Thomas Canaan pastor of original St. Francis de Sales Church when town paid high bounties for enlistees, 11:35 it was sold to house the Bennington Museum, 15:14 Canadian Studies Program at UVM Cashin, William E. mentioned, 18:29 one of first state police officer at Mike Kane murder Candle Mill Village scene and skilled at new fingerprint science, 15:25; Tom Weakley business in Arlington, 12:55 becomes director of new Bureau of Criminal Investi- Canedy, Charles gation in 1936, 15:25; photo, 15:29 photographer for North Adams Transcript and re- Cassimere sort owner at Whitcomb Summit, 14:41 popular 1840s type of cloth described, 12:6 Cann, Tyler Castleton Medical School associate curator of contemporary art at the Colum- founded in 1818, 17:36 bus Museum of Art, 18:32 Catamount Prowl 2013 Cape Cod exhibitions at Bennington Museum, 9:45 large migration in 1790s to Westminster, 12:53 Catamount Tavern Cape Horn housed war prisoners, 7:31; history, 9:45 a 5 month trip round it to the California gold rush, Catamount Trail 13:8 Vermont cross-country ski trail from Massachusetts Captain John Norton’s home (1809 – 1811) to Canada, 14:33, 58 mentioned, 16:10 Catamount Trail Association “captive” labor force built the Catamount Trail, 14:33 what orchard owners wanted, 19:36 Catskill State Park Card, Addie mentioned, 14:34 child photographed by Lewis Hine in North Pownal cattle ambush during Battle of Bennington cotton Mill, 17:42 mentioned, 5:35, 38 carding Cedar Point textile technique described, 12:8 slate operation, 19:40

10

Central Planning Office Christian Party formed by Gov. Hoff in 1963, 21:42; Sam Ogden to and William Pelley ran for president in 1936, 21:51 chair panel on scenery and Historic sites, 21:42 Church of England Center, Albert mentioned, 13:42 warned off at Mike Kane murder scene, 15:25 Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Chadwick, Harold mentioned, 16:29, 30 photo, 21:40 Civilian Conservation Corps Chamberlin, George mentioned, 14:42 marries Elizabeth Orvis, 21:33 Claremont Institute Champion, Gen. Epaphroditus mentioned, 13:40 mentioned, 16:7 - 8 Clark, Darius Champlain Maritime Museum ran books store in Bennington in 1820s, 21:19; pub- mentioned, 14:57 lished The Young Man’s Companion, 21:19; circulat- Chandler, Samuel ing library, 21:20 mentioned, 14:20 Clark, Rev. Daniel Chaney, Lon zealous minister arrives in in Bennington in 1825, mentioned, 21:50 21:12; supports James Ballard, 21:18 Chapin, Alpheus Clark, Lydia mentioned, 14:16 instructor cited on 1835 sampler, 21:cover Chapin, Rev. Edwin Clark, Richard mentioned, 11:23 Back to Bennington, 9:59 Charles II Clark, W. C. Robert Frost observed in letter to English friend helped with autopsy of Mike Kane, 15:25 John Haines that Bennington County towns were Clause, Bonnie Toucher named for King Charles’ courtiers, 19:51 Edward Hopper in Vermont, 10:44; resident of Chase, Phoebe South Royalton, research on Hopper work in Ver- mentioned, 11:35 mont, 10:45 Chesapeake Cleary, Jack and Helen ship holding British deserters, 8:8 memorial stone wall donated. 10:34 chasseurs Clement, Percival W. light infantrymen, 16:43n19, 44 publisher, political figure, 6:7 – 8, 10, 12 – 16 Chester Art Guild Cleveland, Richard art center in Chester, Vt., 20:27; poster for Francis co-authored Plain and Fancy re Vermont quilts, Brackett exhibit, 20:33 11:25 Children’s Aid Society Cleveland, Stephen and William mentioned, 8:44, 46 Franklin county brothers mining in the California Chilkovsky, Nadia gold rush, 13:11 mentioned, 13:44 Clinton, Gen. Henry Chimney Hill seeks contact with Ethan Allen and Vermont, 12:42; mentioned, 13:43; second home development in mentioned, 14:54 Wilmington, 20:19 Clinton, Gov. George Chinese strikebreakers in North Adams opposed Hamilton on Vermont statehood, 15:45; mentioned, 20:45 fear of in Vermont, 15:46 Chipman, Nathaniel Clinton Prison mentioned, 4:27; 5:28, 30; Vermont lawyer, 13:42; NY state prison at Dannemora, 15:33 as Federalist adversary to Moses Robinson, 15:46 Clio Hall Chittenden, Thomas site for new Bennington Meetinghouse, 2:21; first first governor, 4:25; he and the Allens’ secret nego- grammar school in Bennington chartered in 1780, tiations with the British, 12:42; mentioned, 13:48, 21:8, 12 15:41, 45; as Mason, 14:53 closed pediment “Christian Commonwealth” mentioned, 16:10 William Pelley style, 21:50 coal torpedo stealth weapon in Civil War, 7:26 – 29

11

Coburn, Noah Collins, Zerubbabel notes, 14:5; review of The Problem of Early Ver- celebrated gravestone carver, 5:13, 8:18 mont, 1777 – 1810 by Harvey Amani Whitfield, 14:46 Colman house Coburn, Ruth Greenfield house mentioned, 16:8 influenced Vermont Arts and Crafts Service, 3:7 Col. William Marsh: Patriot and Loyalist (13:46 – 48) Coca-Bola mentioned, 14:54 ad for coca leaf based preparation, 17:36 Color Field Coercive Acts 1950s style and trend in art, 18:31 mentioned, 13:47 Columbian of 1893 Coffey, Col. Robert mentioned, 3:27 Medal of Honor winner and first superintendent of Columbia Graduate School of Journalism the Vermont Soldiers Home, 11:14 accepted Anthony Marro, 19:31 Coffin, Howard Columbia University mentioned, 2:39; Vermont’s modern civil war attended by Francis Brackett, 20:27 scholar, 11:7, Something Abides: Discovering the Civil Comito, Nicolas War in Today’s Vermont, reviewed by Tom Ledoux, Vermont artist, 17:20 11:33 - 37; also authored Full Duty: Vermonters in the Commission on the Preservation of the Natural Re- Civil War, Nine Months to Gettysburg, and The Bat- sources of Vermont tered Stars, 11:34; errs in battle statistics, dates, created in 1910, 19:15 ranks, locations and medals, 11:36; forewords to both Commission to Study the Advisability of the Estab- histories of Halifax, Vermont, 17:50 lishment of a National Park Cohen, Abraham unsuccessful effort by Governor Aiken, 19:19 prominent potter mentioned, 3:22 Committee on Conservation and Development Cohn, Art Sam Ogden’s first appointment, 21:37; 39 notes, 8:6; Coffins of the Brave: The War of 1812 in Committee on Summer Residents the Champlain Valley, 8:7 - 15; Champlain Maritime formed by the Vermont Commission on Rural Life in Museum, 14:57 1931, 19:16 Cohn, Roy Company A, Fourteenth Vermont Regiment assistant counsel to Sen. McCarthy, 19:24 next to last Bennington Civil War unit formed, 11:15 Colburn, John Company A, Second Vermont Regiment store owner in Landgrove, 21:35 pictured, 11:11, first volunteer company from Colden, Lt. Gov. Cadwallader of NY Bennington, 11:12 signer of proclamation for Wallumschaik Patent, Company E, Tenth Vermont Regiment 1:7n4 organized in Bennington, fall of 1862, 11:14 Cold River Company F, Seventeenth Vermont Regiment mentioned, 14:41 mentioned, 11:19 Cole, David Galusha Company G, First Vermont Cavalry Regiment married Walter Stickel’s sister Charlotte, 11:30 formed in Bennington, 11:14 Cole, Leslie B. Communist Party Rogers Burnham: The Original Man Behind Bill W, mentioned, 18:16 8:56 Condon, Sean Cole, Malvine Shays’ Rebellion: Authority and Distress in Post-Rev- chairman of Daniel Webster Association, 8:37 olutionary America, 21:54 Colgate, James C. Confiance established Fillmore Farms, 8:41; early benefactor British gunship, 8:11 Bennington Museum, 15:14 Congregational meetinghouse in East Haddam, College of New Jersey (later Princeton) Conn. mentioned, 16:24 description of. 2:22 – 23 Collins family Congregational meetinghouse in Middletown, Conn. lineage and history of stone cutters, 8:16 architectural description, 2:24 Collins, James Congregational meetinghouse, Norwich Zerubbabel Collins’ successor, 8:21 burned by arsonist, 2:25

12

Congregational Separatists Cote, Charles settlers of Bennington, 2:19 Rensselaer County Coroner on Mike Kane murder Congress of Confederation case, 15:25 mentioned, 21:52 cotton mills in North Bennington Congress of the map by cartographer Joseph Hinsdill, 12:24 mentioned, 15:44 Couching Lyon Farm Conlon, Sgt. Luke willed to state of Vermont, 20:14 arrests Harry Pincus, 15:31 Council on Aging Connaway, Jay Hall photo, 13:16 Vermont artist, 17:6, 7, 8, 9 “counterculture” Connaway, Louise arrive in VT by thousands of vanloads, 21:57 mentioned, 17:9 Courtney, Thomas Edgeworth Connaway, Leonebel inventor of “coal torpedo,” 7:26 – 29 mentioned, 17:9 Cowden, Capt. David Connecticut River Basin group Shays colleague in Sandgate, 21:54 learns Gov. Hoff’s views on nature preserves, 20:11 Cowdery, Oliver Constitutional Convention of 1787 transcribed Book of Mormon dictated by Joseph mentioned, 20:24; 21:51 Smith, 16:29 – 36 Cook, Edward Cowper, William boarder overseer Bradford mill 1905, 12:13 The Task cited, 21:6 Coolidge, Calvin Cox, Francis Augustus mentioned, 15:9, 13 Female Scripture biography, 21:21 Cooper, Anthony Ashley Cox, Laurie Davidson 1st Earl of Shaftsbury, aided Restoration of Stuart hired to Green Mountain Parkway, 9:34 – 35, Monarchy in 1660, 19:51 37 – 39; survey keeps proposed parkway away from Cooper, Charles Long Trail; 19:17; quote, 19:19 - 20 brings suit against Frank Lasher and Henry Brad- Cox, Sydney ford for patent infringement, 12:13 intellectual friend of Robert Frost, 14:45 Cooper, James Fenimore Craftsbury Common Cemetery author of The Last of the mentioned, resting place of Shirley Strong, 20:15 14:39; 19:9; 20:44 Cranberry Lake Cooper Manufacturing Company mentioned, 14:32 1880s Bennington knitting mill, 12:13; mentioned, Crandall, Martin L. 13:20 mentioned, 2:31 Corbett, Boston Creasy, Sir Edward shot John Wilkes Booth, 6:33 Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World (1851), 19:56 Corbett, Theodore criminal statute for distributing opium and mor- mentioned, 18:51; No Turning Point: the Saratoga phine Campaign in Perspective reviewed by Phil Holland; created in 1915 by Vermont legislature, 17:39 - 40 19:56 – 58 Crockett, Davy Cordova, Carey mentioned, 14:52 granddaughter of Paul Feeley and professor of Crockett, Walter Hill American Studies at the U. of Texas, 18:35 mentioned, 1:8 Cornell, Joseph Croix de Guerre assemblage artist and sculptor, 18:45 won by Sam Ogden in WWI, 21:35 cornices Cromack, Joseph mentioned, 16:8 married Catherine Burt, 21:7 Cortellini, Mary Ellen Crooks, Charles Officers Row 1904, 9:60 notes, 8:6; review of Rogers Burnham: The Original Costello, David Man Behind Bill W by Leslie B. Cole, 8:56 highway engineer map maker, 14:36 – 37 Crossett, F.M. formed 30-man regimental band, 1st Vermont Cav- alry, 11:14

13

Cross Rod Co. Cummings, Rev. Stanley Wes Jordan’s connections to, 8:57 father of Abbot Cummings and pastor of Second Crossings: A Bridges, Congregational Church in Bennington from 1925 to by Robert McCullough, 13:32 1948, 20:4 Crown Point cupola British secured most of Lake Champlain down to it mentioned, 16:8 for most of the Revolution, 12:41 Currier, N Crewel lithograph parody of the California gold rush, 13:9 type of embroidery, 15:19 Cushing, Col. Job Culver, John C. commanded 6th Worcester County militia regiment Henry Wallace biographer, 18:14 at Battle of Bennington, 17:22 Cummings, Abbott Lowell Cushman, Henry T. biographical notes and condolences, 20:4 followed his father as quartermaster Fourth Ver- Cummings, James mont Regiment, 11:14; founded Cushman furniture photo of Grandma Moses needlework dolls, 15:16 company, 11:14; house, 13:25 Cummings, Patricia L. H. T. Cushman furniture factory notes, 15:5; Grandma Moses: Early Quilts and Nee- formerly Stone Mill, photo, 12:26; catalog ad, 13:18; dlework, 15:16 - 21 mentioned, 13:20; described, 13:25 Cushman, John H. first quartermaster of Fourth Vermont Regiment, 11:14

D

Daguerreotypes Davis, George W. mentioned, 16:56 photo, 21:40 Dailey Company Davis, Capt. George loaned a truck for the Moseley bridge restoration, Medal of Honor winner and resident of Vermont 13:31 Soldiers Home in Bennington until his death, 11:14; Daley, Yvonne mentioned, 11:36 Going up the Country reviewed by Anthony Marro, Davis, Enoch 21:56 – 59; former Rutland Herald reporter, 21:58 first editor of Vermont State Banner, 1841, 8:39 Daniel Day house (1798) Davis, Jefferson Williamstown home mentioned, 16:8 mentioned, 7:26 Daniels, S. W. Day, Henry Clay mentioned, 14:14 mentioned, 14:8; comments about Harmon Inn in 1904 letter to Bennington Banner, 20:34 mentioned, 16:35 Day, Luke Dartmouth Medical School a leader of Shays’ Rebellion, 21:53 founded in 1798, 17:36 Dean, Cyrus Davidson, Dr. Joseph G. hanged for murder “irrationally” in 1808 smuggling built Skyline Drive on Mt. Equinox, 9:42 case, 17:49 Davis, Ada Dean, Gov. Howard daughter of Vermont artist John Lillie, 17:10; helped mentioned, 8:28; “L. L. Dean,” 18:49 Arthur Jones, 17:18 - 19 “Dear Eyes: a drama” Davis, Gov. Deane C. a Tom Weakley story, 12:56 mentioned, 13:43, 44; mentioned, 20:7; supports Death of the Hired Man, nature preservation, 20:19 – 24; regrets failure of by Robert Frost cited, 19:12 Land Use Plan, 20:21; on hippie invasion, 21:58

14 decline of knitting mills in Bennington Dies, Martin depression of 1893, central heating, and new mills 1930s head of House Un-American Activities Com- in the South, 12:13 mittee, 21:47 Deeley, Robert Dillaway, Theodore M. gallerist, 17:6, 14 mentored Francis Brackett, 20:27 Deerfield River Railroad “Directions” described, 9:56 – 57; in relation to the Long Trail, a story by Tom Weakley, 12:56 14:30, 31 Disbursing Office Deerfield River Valley mentioned, 19:32 described, 2:36 Disease Deerfield River caused more death than battle wounds, 11:13 – 14 bridge requested, 2:4 Disqualification Act DeGoesbriand, Bishop allegiance terms for MA Regulators, 21:53 episcopal visit to Winooski, 18:27 district schools Deming, Arthur Bennington raises property tax to build in 1763, Naked Truths about Mormonism, 16:30 21:8 Democratic Republicans Diver, John mentioned, 15:44 purchaser of land in Woodford, 2:14 dentils Divoll, Pvt. Morris ornamental blocks used to support cornice, 16:9; funeral in Topsham, 11:35 photo, 16:11; mentioned, 16:12 “Doc Maxwell” map Denver Art Museum speculates on Shays settlement, 21:55 mentioned, 17:15 “doffer girl” Department of Labor photo, 12:23 mentioned, 19:36 Donath, David A. depression of 1893 co-editor The Vermont Difference, 14:58 contributes to decline of knitting mills in Benning- Donelson, Brian ton, 12:13 The Coming of the Train, Volume I reviewed by Wil- Derosia, George liam C. Badger, 2:36; mentioned, 14:30; The Coming French-Canadian Vermonter, life intersected with of the Train, Volume II reviewed by William C. Badger, Alonzo Valentine, 10:8 – 13 14:56 - 58 Derosia, Marcel Doolittle, Isaac father of George, 10:10 Bennington 1830s community leader, 14:17, 22 Devils Tower National Monument Dorchester, Daniel mentioned, 19:18 ”The Counterfeiter Wingate and the Genesis of Dewey, Charles Mormonism (St. John’s Rod)” in Boston Daily Exam- acknowledged, 11:24 iner, 16:30 Dewey, Capt. Elijah Dorset Conventions mentioned, 14:10 laid groundwork for Vermont’s independence, Dewey, Exec. Off. George 13:47 naval officers not eligible for Medal of Honor until Dorset Hollow 1915, 11:37 mentioned, 17:8 Dewey, Rev. Jedediah Doubleday, Maj. Gen. Abner mentioned, 5:5 – 6; biographical details, 5:5 – 16 mentioned, 11:18 Dewey’s Tavern Douglas, Governor Jim where 2 future presidents stayed, 15:44 - 45 mentioned, 14:57 – 58 Dewey, Thomas Douglas, N. R. mentioned, 5:7 buys Chiselworks in 1855, 16:57 Desertion Draft a problem as civil war dragged on, 11:15; 3 desert- conscription imposed by President Lincoln when en- ers captured in Bennington after collecting bounties, listment dried up in 1863, 11:15 11:18

15

“dram drinking” Dummerston, Vermont popular early 19th Century custom of all day drink- re: early settlers, 7:21 ing, 17:48 Dunham, Dewey Dreishpoon, Douglas mentioned, 14:25 Imperfections by Chance: Paul Feeley Retrospective, Dunham, Katherine 1954 – 1966, 18:30 – 35; curator at Albright-Knox Art mentioned, 13:44 Museum, 18:32; mentioned, 18:33 Dunville Hollow Dresden Plate view of. 2:12 type of quilt block, 15:18 Durand, Dr. Oliver Dresler, Horst mentioned, 18:40, 47n7 Farmers and Honest Men reviewed by Michael P. Durand-Ruel, Paul Gabriel, 18:50 - 52 French art dealer in New York, 13:34 Droge, Carolyn Durnford, Lieut. Desmaretz Vermont artist, 17:20 drew map of Bennington Battlefield, 1777, 1:8n11; Drysdale, Alexander B.R. map, 16:37 Author, Bennington’s Book, 1:7; biography, 4:13 – Dutchman’s Point on Long Isle 16 British intelligence base on Lake Champlain after Drysdale, John summer of 1781, 12:41 editor of the White River Valley Herald and the Dwight, Marianna Bradford Opinion, 18:6; anti-McCarthy publisher of met and married John Orvis at Brook Farm, 21:32 the White River Valley Herald, 19:24 Dwyer, Michael F. Dubois, W.E.B. notes, 18:5; 19th Century French-Canadian Immigra- mentioned, 1:19 tion to Vermont: From Hyppolite Prunier to Fred Dudley, Henry Plumtree, 18:20 - 29 architect of Park McCullough House, 1:11 Dyer, Benjamin Duffy, John J. mentioned, 8:16, 19 notes, 10:6; How Ethan Allen and His Brothers Dylan, Bob Chased Success in the Real Estate Business, 10:14 - 21; mentioned, 21:59 co-author Inventing Ethan Allen reviewed by Jennifer S. H. Brown, 14:51 - 53

E

Eager, Margaret MacLaren Eastman, Samuel professional pageant director, 14:39 marries Quaker Phebe Orvis in 1824, 21:29; prom- Eagle Iron Works ises to repent on sickbed, 21:30; becomes Baptist, described, 13:21 21:31 Earle, Ralph East Mountain plateau his painting of Old Bennington cited, 11:42 mentioned, 14:32 “Earth People’s Park” Eaton, Luetta Norton, VT anarchist commune, 21:59 1964 letter on Shays’ settlement, 21:54 East Dorset Cemetery Ecole des Beaux Arts, Paris mentioned, 13:48 mentioned, 9:20 Eastern Amateur Skiing Association Edgerton, Norman Sam Ogden as president, 21:38 mentioned, 14:12 East Haddam Church Edgerton, Orin mentioned, 16:8 married Almira Selden in 1826, 21:21 Edgerton, Sarah Antoinette daughter of Almira Selden Edgerton, 21:21

16

Edmondson, Williams Embargo Acts of 1807 black artist solo show at Museum of Modern Art in imposed by , 8:8; ill-advised, 1937, 18:34 17:47; mentioned, 18:51 Edwards, Jonathan Emery, Mary Belle mentioned, 5:8 – 9; poster for sermon, 21:30 touching story of Civil War tragedy, 11:35 Edwards, Prudence Emerson, Jason John Spargo’s first wife, 15:11, 12 Giant in the Shadows: The Life of Robert T. Lincoln Egg Mountain reviewed by Robert Guarino, 11:38 – 40 Shays purchases large lots, 21:54 Emerson, Gov. Lee Ehlricht, Charlotte presides in VT during “Red Scare”, 18:16; cuts De- Francis Brackett’s second wife, 20:27 velopment Commission budget in 1951, 21:40 Einstein College of Medicine Emma Willard Academy 1955 photo there of Alex Novikoff, 18:15 mentioned, 1:2 Eisenhower, Pres. Dwight Equinox Hotel mentioned, 15:21; 19:29 mentioned, 17:13 Eisteddfod, International Equinox House Welsh competitive festival of and music, mentioned, 13:48 19:44 Ekstrom, Ruth Burt Irish immigrants help build, 19:44 South Woodford and the Windham Turnpike, 2:8; Essex, Jeremiah biographical notes, 12:5; H. E. Bradford & Company: mill employer of Mary Palmer, 12:25 A Century of Knitting-mill Heritage, 12:6 – 17; sug- Estes, Truman gested reading, 13:25; notes, 21:5; Brightly Shines Built and ran Stone Mill on Paran Creek, 12:25; the Female Mind: The Education of Young Women in photo of his home the Old Stone House, 12:27; men- Bennington, Vermont, in the Late 18th and Early 19th tioned, 14:23 Century, 21:6 - 23 Estes Mill Eleventh Massachusetts Regiment mentioned, 13:25; also see Stone Mill; mentioned, mentioned, 16:51 14:23 Eleventh Street Church “Esther” mentioned, 19:42 a story by Tom Weakley, 12:56 Elijah Dewey’s tavern Ethical Culture School became Walloomsac Inn, 14:12 in , 17:42 Elizabeth Mine Eurica Quarry mentioned, 16:56 in North Poultney photo, 19:38 house (1805) Evans, C. mentioned, 16:10 knitter overseer Bradford mill 1905, 12:13 Eli Village, Everett, Edward H. photo of copper mine damage, 19:11 biography, builder of The Orchards, 4:9, 9:19 – 26, “Elk on the Trail” 28 – 32, 51; early benefactor of Bennington Mu- mentioned, 14:42 seum, 15:14 Elks, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Everett, Grace Burnap mentioned, 14:42 owned The Orchards until 1949, 9:32 Elliot, George Everett, Natalee letter from Robert Frost, 19:49 Vermont artist, 17:20 Ellis Island Everett, Sylvester mentioned, 19:45 mentioned, 9:32 Ellis, John A. Evergreen Slate owner furniture factory in Cambridge, MA, 12:20 top sales in recent , 19:48 Ellsworth, Col. Elmer Exhibitions and Orations first Union officer killed on removing Confederate a way for parents to evaluate students, 21:11 flag in Virginia May 24, 1861, 11:13 Expressionist Ely, Samuel can describe Francis Brackett’s landscape style, flees to Vermont in early Shays run-in, 21:53 20:27

17

E-Z Knitting Mills opens knitting mill in old Allen-A mill 1941, 12:15; moves to Georgia in 1952, 12:15; mentioned, 13:20

F

Fager, Danny Feeley, Paul mentioned, 18:40, 47n7 Karnak, 18:front cover; photo, 18:30; head Visual Fago, D’Ann Arts Department at Bennington College, 18:30; post- mentioned, 3:28 – 29 humous exhibit at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Mu- Fahnestock, Wallace seum in 1968, 18:32; photo of Asellus, 18:31; Red Vermont artist, 17:9, 19 Blotch, 18:32; photo of Untitled, 18:32; photo of Fairbanks, Gov. Erastus Conopus and Enif at the Bennington Museum, 18:33; signed prohibition bill, 8:29; picture 11:7; asked ex- wrote “Art Policy for Bennington College” in 1959, Governor Hall to head the Vermont delegation to the 18:33; 1984 interview of Lionel Nowak on Paul Feeley “Peace Congress”, 11:8; mentioned, 11:11 by Tom Fels, 18:36 – 47; untitled Pollock-like painting, Fairbanks, Elaine 18:47 her grandparents picked ferns to sell during the de- Feeney, Vincent E. pression in Halifax, 17:50 Finnigans, Slaters, and Stonepeggers, 4:51 Fairdale Farms Fellow in Creative Arts, University of Michigan reaped ski industry profits, 4:16 with $5000 stipend (worth $66,232 in 2016) for fanlight Robert Frost in 1921, 19:51 fanned window mentioned, 16:10, 12 “fellow traveler” Farmers’ Cabinet red scare term for 1950s Soviet sympathizers, 18:7 quoted re California gold rush, 13:9, 10 Fels, Tom farmers markets mentioned, 1:29; The Ceramics of Karen Karnes, organized by counterculture, 21:58 3:37; notes, 5:5; review of Shirley Jackson, and Farnham, Mary Stories ed. Joyce Carol Oates, 5:54 - 56; notes, 10:7; joined husband with regiment in Northern Virginia, Buying the Farm reviewed by Dona Brown, 10:38 - 40; 11:35 Farm Friends, history of Montague Farm, 10:39; re- Faulkner, William view of Back to the Land, by Donna Brown, 10:41 - 43; mentioned, 21:48 notes, 18:5; 1984 interview of Lionel Nowak on Paul Fausett, Dean Feeley, 18:36 – 47; notes, 19:5; review of Shirley Jack- VT artist critiqued Arthur Jones’ work, 17:11, 20 son: a Rather Haunted Life by Ruth Franklin, 19:53 – Fay, Dr. Jonas 55; notes, 20:5; Reflections upon a painting by Pat mentioned, 13:47; 14:56; as Mason, 14:53 Adams, 20:37 - 40 Fay, Joseph fern-picking mentioned, 12:45 mentioned, 1:40 – 41 Fay, Samuel Field, Jesse owner-builder of Fay’s Tavern, 9:46 rebel Battle of Bennington militia-man, 16:42 Fay, Wallace Fifth Amendment Green Mountain Club skeptical of Green Mountain and Prof. Novikoff, 18:16 Parkway proposal, 19:16 Filkins, Charles W. III Federal Aid Highway Act notes, 7:5; review of Contemporary Maps of Mainly signed into law, effect on rural life, 10:25 German Origin by Thomas M. Barker and Paul R. Federal Architectural Style Huey, 7:44; co-wrote Three Hoosick Area Murders mentioned, 16:6 1902 – 1930, 15:23; director Louis Miller Museum in Federal Trade Commission Hoosick Falls, NY, 17:24 brought charges against Bradford & Co., 12:14 Fillmore Farms mentioned, 8:41

18

Fillmore, Lavius Fleeson, Doris biographical details, 2:18 – 35; hired in 1804 to build first woman to have a syndicated column “One Old First Church in Bennington, 16:6 Woman’s Washington,” 19:28 Fillmore, Millard Flory, Mary Delia mentioned, 2:6; family connections to Bennington, mentioned, 18:39, 47n5 8:53 – 55 fluted columns Fillmore, Nathaniel mentioned, 16:8 uncle of Lavius Fillmore, 16:7 “Fly” Finkelman, Paul revenue cutter arrests crew of “Black Snake” for Millard Fillmore, the Oddly Named President, 8:53 smuggling on Winooski River August 3, 1808, 17:47 First Congregational Church Fly rods advertised for builders in 1804, 16:6; photo, 16:8; history and development, 8:57 “church trial” of James Ballard, 21:16 Foote, Mary First Medical Society Academy assistant principal, 21:17 Vermont medical group formed in 1784, 17:36 Ford, Henry First National Bank of Bennington mentioned, 14:37 mentioned, 11:19; pictured, 11:20 Forest and Parks Department First National Bank of North Bennington led by director Perry Merrill, 20:14 mentioned, 11:19; pictured, 11:20 forest clearance First Vermont Cavalry Regiment pre-photographic illustration, 19:9 formed in September and October, 1861, 11:14 Fort Massachusetts First Vermont Regiment built and rebuilt in 1745 and 1748, 20:45 mustered in for only 90 days, 11:12; participated in Fort Stanwix the battle of Big Bethel, 11:36 mentioned, 12:39 Fisher, Dorothy Canfield Fort Sumter writer, Arlington resident, 3:6; 7:8, 9, 11; fellow attacked, 11:11 writer and friend to Robert Frost, 14:45; 19:49, 52; Fort Ticonderoga her generosity, 15:42; her essay “Robert Frost’s fall of, 4:40; British abandoned it for smaller, more Hilltop” published by The Bookmark in December, modern forts, 12:41; mentioned, 13:48; 15:38; 16:53 1926, 19:52; friend and ally of Sam Ogden in VT Foster, Willet House, 21:37 photo, 21:40 Fisher, Fred Founks, Harold W. attacked by Sen. McCarthy for leftist past, 19:28 public defender for William Franco, 15:31 Fisher, H. K. Fourier, Charles 1849 Union Academy principle, 21:14 mentioned, 21:33 Fitch, Ebenezer Four Percent Growth Project first president of Williams College, 7:22 mentioned, 13:39 Fitch, Isaac Fourth Massachusetts Infantry trend Federal style architect, 16:7n9, 10 mentioned, 11:36 Fitzgerald, Desmond (1868 -1930) Fourth Vermont Regiment engineer turned art collector and critic, 13:34, 36 formed of men from southern Vermont, 11:14 Fitzgerald, F. Scott Francis, Col. Ebenezer mentioned, 19:7; The Great Gatsby cited, 19:7 fell late in the Battle of Hubbardton, 16:51 Flanders, Senator Ralph Frankenthaler, Helen photo, 18:9; wrote Senator from Vermont and sev- said to originate Color Field painting, 18:30 - 31 eral other books, 18:9; inset, 18:back cover; promi- Franklin, Benjamin nent in article The Role of Vermont Newspapers in quoted, 20:24 Sen. Joe McCarthy’s Downfall by Rick Winston, 19:22 Franklin County Bank – 30; March, 1954 headline, 19:22; Appointed to fill mentioned, 11:36 out Sen. Austin’s term, 19:23; as member of Armed Franklin, Jamie Services Committee, 19:26; Senator from Vermont, notes, 5:5; Rev. Jedediah Dewey and His Grave 19:30 Stone, 5:6 - 16; notes, 6:5; review of A New Nation of Goods: The Material Culture of Early America by David

19

Jaffee, 6:39 - 41; notes, 7:5; article on Carl Ruggles Fremont, John C. and Rockwell Kent, 7:6 - 16; notes, 9:5; 2013, Year of mentioned, 6:10 the Catamount, 9:45 - 49; notes, 10:7; review of Ed- French and Indian War, The ward Hopper in Vermont by Bonnie Clause, 10:44 - 47; mentioned, 15:38; 18:21 acknowledged, 11:24; notes, 12:5; The Bradford Fam- French Canadian Workers ily and Aesthetic Taste in Gilded-Age Vermont, on Addison County farms and in Bennington and 12:18 – 22; Stickle Quilt Discovery, 12:22; From France Winooski mills, 21:56 - 57 to the : Impressionism in Vermont, French, Daniel Chester 13:33 – 38; comments on Rockwell Kent, 15:42; sculptor, 1:24 notes, 17:5; mentioned, 17:39; review of Picturing French Language Poster Class: Lewis W, Hine Photographs Child Labor in New advertising entertainment in Winooski, 18:21 England by Robert Macieski, 17:42 – 46; notes, 18:5; French, Sarah review of Imperfections by Chance: Paul Feeley Retro- William Marsh’s wife, 13:48 spective by Douglas Dreishpoon, 18:30 – 35 Friedberg, Gerald Franklin Prophecy, The Harvard Ph. D. Thesis, “Marxism in the United Anti-Semitic fakery spread by William Pelley, 21:51 States: John Spargo and the Socialist Party of Amer- Franklin, Ruth ica,” 15:9, 15 Book Review of Shirley Jackson: A Rather Haunted Friedrich, Casper David Life by Tom Fels: 19:53 – 55 landscape artist, 17:8 Franco, William “friendly aid societies” murdered Mike Kane, 15:25; mugshot, 15:26 helped voyagers at the port of New York reach Fraser, James George trains travelling to their destinations, 19:41 The Golden Bough, 19:53 Friends Fraser River Quakers, 21:31 mentioned, 11:41 Friends of Robert Frost Fraser, Simon owns and operates the Robert Frost Stone House Simon Fraser: In Search of Modern British Columbia Museum in South Shaftsbury, 19:52 by Stephen Hume, reviewed by Tyler Resch, 11:41 – 3 frieze boards Fraser, Brig. Gen. Simon Sr. mentioned, 16:10 imprisoned in Albany after Battle of Bennington, Frizbie, Barnes 11:41; critique of reckless tactics at Battle of Hub- History of Middletown and series of articles in Poult- bardton, 16:50 - 51 ney Bulletin in April and May of 1869, 16:30; co-wrote Fraser University a history of Poultney, 16:31 mentioned, 11:41 Front Page Detective fraternal societies featured story of Jean Mack’s murder, 15:30 formed by Hungarian Society of Granville, 19:45 - 46 Frost, Leslie Fredenthal, Ruth Ann Robert Frost’s daughter, 14:45; corresponds with Bennington College alumna painter of luminous her father, 19:50 monochromes, 18:31, 34 Frost, Robert Freed, Lisa mentioned, 2:18; The Letters of Robert Frost: Vol- interview with John Baker, 1:29, Footnote 24 ume I, 1880 – 1920 reviewed by Lea Newman, 14:43 Freedom and Unity: A History of Vermont – 45; photo, 14:43; Death of the Hired Man men- by Michael Sherman, Gene Sessions, and P. Jeffrey tioned, 19:12; The Letters of Robert Frost: Volume II, Potash, 13:39 1920 - 1928 reviewed by Lea Newman, 19:49 – 52; Pu- Freeman, Elizabeth litzer Prize in 1924 for New Hampshire, 19:49; “Stop- new name chosen by Mum Bett upon release from ping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,” 19:49 slavery, 16:26 Fund for North Bennington Freemasons non-profit preservation and conservation project, mentioned, 13:48; John Spargo as 33rd Degree, 13:31 15:14 Furnace Brook Free Press past site of a Moseley bridge, 13:28 – 30 mentioned, 14:57 Furnace Flat Strafford copper mine location, 16:5

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Gabriel, Michael P. George D Aiken Wildflower Trail We Were at the Battle of Bennington: First Person described, 10:33 Accounts, 4:39 - 46; notes, 5:5; A Forgotten Cattle George W. Bush Presidential Center Skirmish Preceded the Battle of Bennington, 5:35 - 42; mentioned, 13:39 notes, 7:5; Prisoners at the Bennington Meeting Germain, Lord George House, 7:31 - 38; Bill Morgan Reviews The Battle of letter from General Burgoyne, 16:46 Bennington: Soldiers & Civilians, 8:47 - 48; notes, German hunting lodge 15:5; review of Stark: The Life and Wars of architectural style used by George Guernsey, 14:49 by Richard V. Polhemus and John F. Polhemus, Gettysburg 15:38 - 40; notes, 16:5; The Sound of Silence: Investi- mentioned, 19:37 gating an Acoustic Shadow at the Battle of Benning- Giant in the Shadows: The Life of Robert T. Lincoln ton, 16:37 - 49; Book review of The Battle of Hub- biography by Jason Emerson reviewed by Robert bardton: The Rear Guard that Saved America Guarino, 11:38 – 40 by Bruce Venter 16:50 - 52; notes, 17:5; A Revolution- Gibb Commission ary Relic: A Bennington Battle Soldier’s Diary, 17:22 - Vermont’s environmental commission chaired by 31; notes, 18:5; Book Review of Farmers and Honest Rep. Arthur Gibb recommends Act 250, 20:20 Men by Horst Dresler, 18:50 – 52 Gibbs, James Gaddis, John Lewis English architect, 2:29; Architecture, 16:7; pattern quote from The Landscape of History, 20:21 book inspiration, 20:36 Gage, Sydney Gibbs, Thomas violin maker from Westminster, 12:53 Canterbury builder, 16:10 Galeano, Eduardo Gil, David and Gloria on history, 19:19 founded Bennington Pottery 1948, 3:17; men- Galusha house tioned, 3:18, 23; 14:58 mentioned, 16:10 Gilbert, Peter Galusha Inn mentioned, 14:57 Shaftsbury officials meet Shays refugees, 21:54 Gilded Age Vermont Gardner, Sheriff Perry gallery at Bennington Museum, 12:19 Bennington County Sheriff investigating the Mike Gillies, Paul Kane murder, 15:25 Uncommon Law, Ancient Roads, and Other Rumina- Garland, Hamlin tions on Vermont Legal History, 13:41; legal histo- American art critic, 13:37 rian’s observations on Act 250, 20:22, 23 Garrison, William Lloyd Gilman, Miles S. editor of the Journal of the Times in Bennington photo, 21:45 1828 – 1829, 11:7, 44; editor of The Liberator, 11:7, Gladstone, William 44; friend of James Ballard, principal of The Benning- mentioned, 15:10 ton Academy, 21:15; as reference, 21:18; mentioned, Gleissenberg, Capt. Gottlieb Joachim von 21:32 Brunswick officer at Battle of Bennington, 16:43 Gates, Gen. Horatio GPS sightings mentioned, 17:22 for Shays’ settlement, 21:55 General Stark Theater Godby, J. former Bennington Opera House, 9:54 mentioned, 14:20 Genghis Khan Golden Eagle mentioned, 21:58 mentioned, 14:41 geological survey map Goldwater, Barry for Shays’ settlement, 21:55 mentioned, 15:13 George D Aiken Wilderness Area Goodhue, Horace in Green Mountain National Forest, 1:42, 2:8 founder of Carlton College from Westminster, 12:53

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Goossen, Eugene Graves, Luther art critic, 18:31; art historian, 18:36; promoted se- mentioned, 11:19 ries of exhibits at Bennington College, 18:45 Greeley, Horace Gordon, Dr. apprenticed at the Northern Spectator in Poultney, remarks on racial prejudice, 16:22 16:34 Gore, Capt. Ransom Greely, Adolphus led Company A, 14th Vermont Regiment, 11:15 his 1881 court martial authorized by Secretary of Gorky, Arshile (1904 – 1948) War Robert T. Lincoln, 11:39 Armenian-American painter, 18:45 Greenberg, Clement Gottlieb, Adolph art and social critic, 18:31, 43, 47n12 1954 exhibit at Bennington College, 18:31, 45; Burst Greenberg, David series, 18:32 Calvin Coolidge, 13:41 Gove, William Green, Benjamin Rails of the North Woods, 14:32 mentioned, 4:27 Governor’s Conference on Natural Resources Green building Bill Schmidt enlightens Gov. Deane Davis on land re: Park-McCullough carriage barn, 1:10 – 11, development, 20:19 15nn1-2 Governor & Council Greene-McNally, Ruth records of pre-statehood Vermont, 15:46 notes, 17:5; Vestige Vermont: A Conversation with G. P. Putnam’s Sons Arthur Jones, Dorset Artist, 17:6 - 21 published The Hoosac Valley, by Grace Greylock Green Mountain Adventure, Vermont’s Long Trail Niles, 20:44 by Jane Curtis, Will Curtis, and Frank Lieberman, Graff, Nancy Price 14:29 noted biographer and of Gov. Dean Davis and co- Green Mountain Audubon Society (GMAS) author Intimate Grandeur: Vermont’s State House, formed in 1962, 20:10 18:48 - 50 Green Mountain Boy Regiment Graffagnino, J. Kevin Seth Warner’s unit at the Battle of Bennington, researched Ira and Ethan Allen papers, 12:37; men- 16:41 tioned, 14:57; executive director Vermont Historical Society on John Spargo, 15:9 mentioned, 2:18 – 19; 2:43, 5:35, 37, 38; account of, Graham, Hugh 4:49 – 50; mentioned, 9:12, 14; 13:47; 20:45 Sandgate historian on Shays’ settlement, 21:54 Green Mountain Club, Graham, Martha keeper of the Long Trail, 9:36; established the Long mentioned, 13:44, 45 Trail in 1910, 14:27, 34; mentioned, 20:10 Grand Canyon National Park Green Mountain Junior College mentioned, 19:18 mentioned, 19:46 Grange Green Mountain College chorus farm organization, 6:9 incorporate Welsh music, 19:43 Grand, David Green Mountain Highlands friend of Sam Ogden in Landgrove, 21:36 re protecting, 20:11 Grant, Gen. Lewis Green Mountain National Park mentioned, map of aborted park, 19:8; referendum rejects it in Grant, Gen. Ulysses S. 1936, 19:18 mentioned, 6:31 – 32; takes Vicksburg, 11:18, men- Green Mountain Parkway tioned, 11:21 mentioned, 21:37 Gray, Henry Green Mountain Spring mentioned, 16:9 described, 20:11 Green Mountain Summer Home Company mentioned, 17:15 developed Woodford summer resort, 3:30 – 31 Greatwood Farm 1808 Green Mountain Wildlands Profile Committee now home of , 9:23 plan to preserve land above 2,500 feet, 20:16 Graves, Alden Greenstone notes, 8:6; A Simple Twist of Fate, 8:41 - 43 slate company with the most employees, 19:48

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Greenwich, Connecticut Grochowski, Betty Moses Francis Brackett heads art department of public donated Grandma Moses “King’s Crown” quilt to schools, 20:27 - 28 Bennington Museum, 15:17 Greenwich Village Grout Job description of, 1:24 – 25; mentioned, 19:54 mentioned, 14:30 Griffin Hall Grout Pond classroom/chapel at Williams College built by Oliver mentioned, 14:30 Abel and Edward Savage, 16:15 – 16 Grover, Lemuel Griffith, Humphrey founded Eagle Iron Works in 1845, 13:21 mentioned, 19:42 Guarino, Robert Griffith, Silas notes, 11:5; review of Giant in the Shadows: The Life employed Swedish immigrants, 10:11 of Robert T. Lincoln by Jason Emerson, 11:38 - 40 Griffiths, Rev. Guernsey, George H. mentioned, 19:42 Vermont architect, 14:48 – 51 Griggs, Frank Gunpowder Plot of 1605 consulted on Moseley bridge restoration, 13:32 “conspiracy to assassinate James 1st,” 19:51 groined elliptical ceiling Gunther, John mentioned, 16:8 Inside U.S.A., 18:48

H

Hadwen Woods Born of Controversy: History of Halifax, Vermont re- home of the George D. Aiken Wildflower Trail, viewed by Tyler Resch, 2:39 - 41; Hills and Hollows: 10:33; volunteers, 10:36; wind damage, 10:37 History of Halifax, Vermont, Vol. 2 reviewed by Tyler Hadwen, George Resch, 17:50 - 51 donated woodlot for Hadwen Woods, 10:36 Halifax, Vermont “Hail to the Sunrise” mentioned, 2:39 - 41 photo and mention, 14:37, 42 Halkias, Telly Haines, John review of Consolations on Seeing the Robin Go by letter from Robert Frost, 19:49 Bob Williams, 4:47; notes, 9:5; review of Back to the Hairpin Turn Bennington, by Richard A. Clark and Officer’s Row photo, 14:36; mentioned, 14:41 1904 by Mary Ellen Cortellini, 9:59 - 60 Hale Chair Company Hall, Andreas mentioned, 15:43; 16:58 executed for murder in Troy in 1849, 15::22 Hale, Nathan Hall, Benjamin H. exposed by Robert Rogers, 16:58 mentioned, 2:41; History of Eastern Vermont, 15:46 Haldimand Affair Hall, Bolton resulted in “Proclamation to Vermont” offering pro- author mentioned, 10:42 tection against Congress, 10:15 – 17; mentioned, Hall, Carrie 14:53 co-author The Romance of the Patchwork Quilt in Haldimand, Gen. Frederick (1718 – 1791) America, 15:17 mentioned, 12:37; Quebec governor, 12:39; letter Hall, Charles from William Marsh and reply, 12:43 – 45; men- started North Bennington Boot and Shoe Co. and tioned, 13:48; 14:52, 54, 55; 15:45; 18:51; 19:57, 58 son of , 13:23 Half-Way Covenant Hall, Henry mentioned, 5:9 mill employer of Mary Palmer, 12:25 Halifax Historical Society

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Hall, Hiland Harmon, Daniel Williams mentioned, 2:41; as congressman, 8:35 – 39; ap- notes, 11:41 pointed by Millard Fillmore, 8:54; mentioned, 9:22; Harnett, William (1848 – 1892) believed in a peaceful solution to slavery, 11:7; leads influenced William S. Reynolds’ still life paintings, Vermont delegation to “Peace Congress,” 11:8; inau- 12:21 gural remarks as Vermont governor in 1858 and 1859, Harnick, Vanessa 11:9 - 10; mentioned, 11:11, 23; home pictured, Paul Feeley’s granddaughter and administrator of 11:21; mentioned, 14:20, 56; Early History of Ver- his estate, 18:34 - 35 mont, 15:46; first governor to occupy new capitol in Harriman, Henry I. 1859, 18:49 1923 reservoir later named for this utility executive, Hall, Joe 14:31 acknowledged, 11:24 Harriman Reservoir Hall, Joseph H. mentioned, 14:33 co-authored Architectural Perceptions of William C. Harrington, Frederick M. “Pop” Bull’s Exuberant Houses, 6:19 - 27 placed marble memorial stone at scene of Michael Hall, John Kane murder, 15:27 replaces Moses Harrington as recruiter for Com- Harrington, Maj. Moses pany G, 1st Vermont Cavalry, 11:14 health fails while recruiting for Company G, First Hall, Nathaniel Vermont Cavalry Regiment, 11:14 mill employer of Mary Palmer, 12:25 Phil Harrington Construction Corp. Halprin, Anna Shaftsbury company helped restore Moseley mentioned, 13:44 bridge, 13:31 Hamilton, Alexander Harriss, Valerie Legh view on vision of America, 5:26; mentioned, 15:44 notes, 8:6; Three Generations of the Collins Carving Hamlin, Jabez Tradition, 8:16 - 27 mentioned, 2:8 Harte, John B. Hancock, John owned local theaters, 9:54 friend of Vermont statehood, 15:45; first governor Hartford Convention of MA, 21:52; 1788 Shays pardon, 21:54 mentioned, 11:45 Hand, Samuel Hartford Courant Philip Hoff: How Red Turned Blue in the Green mentioned, 10:18 Mountains, 8:52 Hartness, Helen Hanks, Lucien author and historian of married to Sen. 1948 Wallace campaign contributor, 18:14 , 18:9 Hard, Walter Hartness, James friend and ally of Sam Ogden in VT House, 21:37; on wealthy machine-tool company owner hired Ralph editorial board of Vermont Life, 21:38 Flanders to help run business, 18:9 Hardgrove, Regina Hartwell, Joseph Jr. canning in Halifax, 17:51 deposition, 2:14 Harding, William E. Jr. Harvard scholar studying gravestone carvers, research on mentioned, 11:40; 18:16 Zerubbabel Collins, 8:23 Harvey, Adiel Harlan, Sen. James Union Academy principal in 1833, 21:14 father of Mary Harlan Lincoln, 11:39 Harwood, Benjamin Harm, Rev. Rudolph mentioned, 2:21, 24; 16:11 criticizes support for Prof. Novikoff, 18:17 Harwood, Diadamia Harmon Inn Hiram Harwood’s sister married Hiram Waters, architectural analysis, 20:34 – 36; closed 1894, 14:8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 24 20:35 Harwood, G. P. Harmon, Daniel mentioned, 14:14 father of Daniel Williams Harmon, notes, 11:41; proprietor of Harmon Inn, 20:34

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Harwood, Adeline Hayes, Rutherford B. drawing awarded by C. Brown, her instructor, 21:9; his grandfather mentioned, 2:6 boarded with family in E. Bennington to attend dis- Hayford, James trict school there, 21:11 letter to Free Press, 18:18 - 19 Harwood, Hiram Haynes, Rev. Sylvanus author of Hiram Harwood Diaries, 14:7 – 26; 16:11, “A Brief Narrative of the Late Work of God in Mid- 13; achievement card from his instructor, William dletown, Vermont” appeared in The Massachusetts Southworth, 21:10; diary entry on Union Academy ex- Baptist Missionary Magazine, 16:30 hibition in 1816, 21:12; reads to woo future wife, Sally Hays, Mary Parsons, 21:20 - 21 Female Biography, 21:21 Harwood, Hopkins Haywood, William “Big Bill” Hiram Harwood’s son, 14:24 International Workers of the World leader, 15:9 Harwood, Lydia Hazen, Abigail Mumford Hiram Harwood’s sister, 14:24 Oliver Abel’s adopted daughter, 16:10 Harwood, Sally H. C. White Company Hiram Harwood’s wife, 14:24 North Bennington stereoscope maker described, Hasty Pudding Club 13:24 – 25; photo, 13:24; made wooden Kiddie Kar, mentioned, 11:40 13:25 Haswell, Anthony Healey, Leo Anthony Haswell: Editor and Balladeer by Robert D. New York criminal defense attorney, 15:31 Rachlin, 5:17 – 24, 29; founder of Vermont Gazette, Hector Huard Studio, Winooski 8:37; mentioned, 21:10; published Wisdom in Minia- 1896 cabinet photo of Gustave Lavallee, 18:23 ture or the young gentleman’s and lady’s pleasing in- Hedge Hog Hotel structor, 21:20 mentioned, 4:15 – 17 Haswell, Betsy Heinrichs, Waldo Anthony Haswell’s second wife, 5:3 1948 Wallace campaign contributor, 18:14 Haswell, Elisa Heller, Paul Bennington Academy teacher and assistant princi- notes, 21:5 pal, 21:16 Hell Hollow Haswell, John Clark Long Trail “optional route” in Glastenbury, 14:29 son of Anthony, 8:37 – 8 Hemingway, Sam Haswell, Lydia mentioned, 14:57 Anthony Haswell’s first wife, 5:20 Henry Bridge Hatch, G. E. mentioned, 20:35 mentioned, 1:28 Henry Clay Day Papers Hathaway, Levi cited, 14:8 mentioned, 14:10 Henry, J. E. Haviland, Joseph New Hampshire timber baron, 14:27 loyalist who left grist mill to rebel Moses Sage, 13:20 “Herblock” (Herb Block) Haviland’s Privilege cartoonist coins the term “McCarthyism”, 19:23 new mill built on old foundation in 1833, 13:20 – 21 The Hermit Thrush Hawley, Ken newsletter of the Green Mountain Audubon Soci- tool collector and historian, 16:58 ety, 20:12 Hay, John Herr, Trish co-authored first authorized biography of President identified a Pennsylvania quilt by Elizabeth Johnson Lincoln, 11:39 as intricate as the Jane Stickle quilt, 11:27, 32nn6 – 7 Hayden, Dan Hibbard, Aldro (1886 – 1972) mentioned, 16:57 prominent artist drawn to Vermont, 13:37 Hayden, William F. Hibbard, Ithamar (1727? – 1802) photographer of declining Chiselville, 16:57 Newent Separate minister in Poultney had moved Hayes, Mr. from Bennington, 16:31 silk knitter overseer Bradford mill 1905, 12:13

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Hicks, Charles Hoag, Byron operated underground railroad safe-house in Ben- killed at Spotsylvania, but not identified, 11:35 nington, 11:7; house pictured, 11:21 Hodge, Nekhemiah Hicks, Elias teacher and monitor, 21:18 traditionalist Quaker, 21:31 Hoff, Joan Hicks, Emma Gov. Hoff’s wife, 19:35 1822 Bennington Centre village school teacher, Hoff, Gov. Philip H. 21:15 first democratic Vermont governor since 1853, Hicks, Frederick 5:43; biographical details, 8:29, 31 – 2; mentioned, mentioned, 14:25 14:57, 18:48, 19:35; supports Victory Bog dam, 20:11; Hicks, J. H. changes education, social services, zoning, and envi- mentioned, 14:12 ronmental control, 21:57 Hicksite Quakers Hofstader, Richard traditionalists, 21:31 noted historian surveys the anti-intellectual stamp Hicksite Yonge Street Meeting of the McCarthy inquisition, 18:17 Orvis Brothers censured in Pickering, Ontario, 21:32 Hogback Mountain Hide (Hyde), Asa and Yvonne Daley, 21:58 mentioned, 16:9n3, 4 Hogeboom, Pieter wills slaves to daughter, Hannah Ashley, 16:21 home of , 9:22 – 3 Holbrook, David Hill, Martha mentioned, 17:23 Bennington School of the Dance director, 13:44, 45 Holden-Leonard “Big Mill” Hilliard, Rev. Elias built in 1865 by Seth Hunt and the Tillinghast Co., mentioned, 5:50 13:22; bought in 1889 by Charles Leonard and John Hilton, Kenneth Holden to start the Bennington Woolen Mills, 13:22; Ph. D. Dissertation, “A Well-Marked Course: The Life designed for fire safety, 13:22 – 23; closed in 1938, and Works of John Spargo”, 15:8, 13, 15 13:23; revitalized for other woolen mills until 1949, Hilltop 13:23, remodeled for other businesses in 1990, 13:23; a current slate company, 19:48 photo, 13:24; photo of employee housing, 13:14; Hine, Lewis W. 17:43; mentioned, 13:20, 23; 17:45 photo of Holden-Leonard “big mill” row houses, Holland, Phil 13:14; The Photographic Legacy of Lewis Hine re- review of No Turning Point: the viewed by Jamie Franklin, 17:42 - 46 in Perspective, by Theodore Corbett, 19:56 - 58 Hinsdill house Hollis Street Church mentioned, 16:11 Bulfinch as designer, description of, 2:23; 16:8 Hinsdill, Joseph N. Holm, Hanya cartographer of Bennington map showing cotton mentioned, 13:44 mills, 12:24; 14:17; as county surveyor, 14:20; men- Holmes, David tioned, 16:16 wrote study on 1950s Novikoff case, 18:6 – 7, 17 Hinsdill, Deacon Stephen Holmes, Harriet Hinkson mill owner who co-founded Bennington Seminary nurse with the 11th Vermont Infantry, 11:35; last and built the New Stone Church, 14:19, 21; support veteran to die in Vermont 1945, 11:36 for James Ballard, 21:18 Homer, Winslow Hinsdillville mentioned, 17:8, 9 mentioned, 14:19 Hooker, Gen. “Fighting Joe” Hiss, Alger mentioned, 11:23 mentioned, 15:12 Hooper, John S. Historic American Engineering Record early 1950s editor of the Brattleboro Reformer, 18:6 mentioned, 16:56 Hoosac Mountain History of Hancock, New Hampshire, The mentioned, 14:37 includes signature of William Boutelle, 17:24 Hoosac Tunnel History of Rutland County (1886) mentioned, 2:37, 9:56 re Tinmouth, 21:60

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Hoosac Tunnel & Wilmington Railroad Hubbard Hall logging line mentioned, 14:30, 33 mentioned, 9:50 Hoosac Valley Park Hubbard, Thomas North Adams Park, 14:41 Academy principal, 21:17 Hoosic River School river in eastern New York, 14:36 artist group mentioned, 17:20 Hoosic River watershed map drawn by Richard Schlesinger of Williamstown, mentioned, 14:38 20:43 Hudson, Wheaton Hoosic River Watershed Association notes, 7:5; co-authored The Mysterious and Enig- publisher of Dispatches from the Beyond Place by matic Seth Hudson(s), 7:17 - 24 Lauren Stevens, 20:44 Hughes, George (1907 – 1990) Hoosick Falls Press/Post mentioned, 15:43 mentioned, 15:23 Hughes, Charles Evans Hoosick Township Historical Society mentioned, 15:9 mentioned, 15:23 Hughes, William Hoosick, N.Y. Welshman wrote of immigration travels, 19:42 location of “red rock,” 1:6 Hull, Denison Bingham Hoover, Herbert influential Chicago architect, 2:27 mentioned, 15:9, 13 Hull, Mr. Hopper, Edward genteel boarding in Bennington, 21:11 portrayals of Vermont landscapes, 1927 – 1938, Hulton, Anne 10:44 – 47 her loyalist letters as source, 15:40 Horst, Louis Hume, Stephen mentioned, 13:44, 45 Simon Fraser: In Search of Modern British Columbia, Horton, Henry reviewed by Tyler Resch, 11:41 – 3 mentioned, 11:36 Humphrey, Doris Houghton, George mentioned, 13:44 photographed Union soldiers on battlefield, 7:42 Humphreys, Bea Houghton, Sarah Vermont artist, 17:15 1849 Union Academy music teacher, 21:15 Humphreys, David House Un-American Activities Committee Vermont artist, 17:15 investigates William Pelley, 21:47, 51 Hungarian Society of Granville Howard, Beatrice raised $4000 to build Church of Saints Peter and first wife of Gov. better than he at Paul, 19:46 milking cows, 19:32 Hungary, Kingdom of Howard, John R mentioned, 19:42 review of Glastenbury by Tyler Resch, 1:38 – 9 Hunt, Richard Morris Howe, Bob Vermont architect, 9:20 –21 led small informal group that restored Moseley Hunt, Seth Bridge, 13:26, 30 - 31 Veteran’s home photo, 11:13; mentioned, 11:22, Howe, David 23; built “Big Mill” in 1865, 13:22; Alabama venture, advocate for Green Mt. Parkway, 9:40; expressed 14:12 anti-Communist views as business manager of the Hunt, William Morris (1824 – 1879) Burlington Free Press, 18:17 impressionist promoter of French painting in Amer- Howe, Lt. Gov. Frank “Ginger” ica, 13:34; Banks of the St. Johns River, 13:34 owner of Bennington Banner, 1918, 6:15; 21:46, 48 Hurd, Stewart Howe, Peter Bennington town manager who released Moseley biographical data, 9:6 – 9 bridge parts for restoration, 13:31 Hubbard, Ann Hurlburt, Paul 1822 Bennington Centre village school teacher, notes, 7:5; review of There and Then: a Vermont 21:15 Childhood by Olive Pitkin, 7:39 - 41

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Hyde, Asa Hyde, John C. mentioned as Norwich craftsman, 2:21; cousin of Henry Wallace biographer, 18:14 Oliver Abel Jr. who helped build Old First Church as Hyman, Stanley Edgar carver, 16:7 author mentioned, 5:55; scholar and literary critic married to Shirley Jackson, 19:54, 55

I

Ickis, Marguerite Interstate highways The Standard Book of Quilt Making and Collecting, opposed by Sam Ogden, 21:41; bring more tourists 15:17 to VT, 21:57 Immaculate Heart of Mary Church Interstate impact mentioned, 14:50 project documenting land transformation, 10:26 Immigration Act of 1924 Inventing Ethan Allen (Duffy and Muller) supported by Coolidge, 13:40 mentioned, 14:54 Impey, Miss Ruth In War Time 1863 photo, 21:45 photo Jane Stickle quilt, 11:30 “Improved Order of Red Men” Irish, the mentioned, 14:37, 42 Slate Valley experience, 19:41 – 45; and the rail- Indian Massacre Road roads, 21:56 mentioned, 20:45 Irish, Royal Industries & Wealth of the Principle Parts in Vermont co-founder Chiselville, 16:57 1891 study, 19:40 Iroquois Nation Innovators Combating Substance Abuse discussion of trade and domination of smaller grant to Vermont Artist Ray Materson, 17:39 tribes, 20:42 Intercollegiate Socialist Society Isle aux Noix mentioned, 15:13 British intelligence near outlet of Lake Champlain, International Business Machines (IBM) 12:41 mentioned, 19:35 Italians, the International Composer’s Guild experience in Slate Valley, 19:42 – 43, 46 – 47; and mentioned, 7:12 marble and granite quarries, 21:56 Ives, Amasa recalls heat at Battle of Bennington, 16:40

J

Jackson, Pres. Andrew Jaffee, David mentioned, 11:4 A New Nation of Goods: The Material Culture of Jackson, Irving Early America, 5:35 mill employer of Mary Palmer, 12:25 Janeway, State Sen. Edward Jackson, Shirley photo, 20:6 Shirley Jackson: Novels and Stories edited by Joyce Jay Treaty Carol Oates, reviewed by Tom Fels, 5:54 – 56; Shirley mentioned, 18:51 Jackson: A Rather Haunted Life by Ruth Franklin, re- “Jean Mack” viewed by Tom Fels, 19:53 – 55; “The Lottery”, 19:54; alias for accessory to Mike Kane murder, 15:25 We Have Always Lived in the Castle, 19:54

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Jefferson Monument Johnson, Marjorie mentioned, 19:37 president of Vermont Handicraft Guild, 3:6 Jefferson, Thomas Johnson, Sir William (d. 1774) on tour of Bennington, 2:20; letters to John Stark, superintendent of Indian affairs with large New 15:40; hosted by Moses Robinson on visiting Benning- York estate and close Mohawk ties, 12:39 ton, 15:44 – 45; Embargo Act of 1807, 17:47 Jones, Arthur Jefferson Davis Brigade “Pawlet Farm”, 17:cover; photo, 17:6; Vestige Ver- proposed group of northern men who would fight mont: A Conversation with Dorset Artist Arthur Jones, for the South, 11:13 17:6 – 21; photo of “Big Barn” by, 17:7; photo of Jenner, Sen. William “Looking South from Pawlet”, 17:10; photo of “Win- chair of Senate Internal Security Committee, 18:16; ter Vista”, 17:12; showed art in Delaware, Warm and Rules Committee, 19:28 Springs, and Palm Beach, 17:13; director pro tem Jennings, Frederick B. SVAC, 17:13 owner of Fairview, 1903, 9:22 Jones, Charles Cresson Jennings, Rev. Isaac casualty on Titanic, 8:41 – 42 mentioned, 11:23; 16:7 Jones, Ellen Jessup, Ebenezer mentioned, 19:34 co-commanded King’s Loyal Americans, 12:37 Jones, George Jessup, Edward worked in Poultney general store in early 1800s be- co-commanded King’s Loyal Americans, 12:39, 40 fore co-founding New York Times, 16:34 Jewett, Col. Albert Jones, Matt Bushnell mentioned, 11:36 Vermont in the Making, 13:46; revisionist Ethan Al- Jewett, Erastus len historian, 14:52 – 53 medal of Honor recipient, 11:36 Jones, Richard Jewett, Perry mentioned, 19:23 leased tavern in South Woodford, 2:11 Jordan, Wes Jews, the biographical details, 8:57 provide support to miners in Slate Valley 19:43, Jordan, William H. 47 – 48 Jordan the Rodmaker, 8:57 Johanson, Patricia Jorgensen, Kathryn minimalist artist graduate of Bennington College, mentioned, 11:37 18:31 Joshua Munro House, Shaftsbury, 1807 – 1809 John Clark house (1802) mentioned, 16:8 mentioned, 16:10 Joslin, J. John F. Kennedy Library co-author of a history of Poultney, 16:31 mentioned, 16:26 Joslin, Capt. John Johnson, Charles C. with MA regiment at Battle of Bennington, 17:22 Why Coolidge Matters reviewed by Paul Searls, Joslin, Thomas 13:40 MA soldier killed at Battle of Bennington, 17:23, 28 Johnson, Elizabeth Journal of the Times Pennsylvania quilter as skilled as Jane Stickle, 11:27, launched by William Lloyd Garrison in Bennington 32n6 1828 - 29, 11:7, 44; announces opening of Bennington Johnson, John Seminary, 21:17 English-educated son of Sir William Johnson, com- Journal Press manded loyalist military units, 12:39; Masonic Grand Poultney paper, 19:46 Master of Quebec, 14:53 Joyce Committee Johnson, Sir John its advice disregarded, 18:16 provincial Masonic Grand Master of Quebec, 14:53 Joyce, Father Robert Johnson, Lynda Bird heads committee of UVM trustees that votes 5 – 1 mentioned, 19:37 to retain Prof. Novikoff, 18:16 Johnson, President Lyndon Judd, Phebe Beebe mentioned, 8:51, 19:33 Oliver Waters’ second wife, 14:10

29

Judd, Isaac “Junta, the” mentioned, 14:10 Theodore Corbett’s term for the Allen-Chittenden Judkins, James faction, 19:58 comment on Civil War, 11:33

K

Kallir, Otto Kelley, Mary Grandma Moses, 15:17 Learning to Stand and Speak: Education and Public Kane, Michael Life in America’s Republic cited, 21:8 Shedding New Light on the Michael Kane Murder Kelly, Paul Case by Warren Broderick, 15:22 – 37; photo of Kane Bennington Public Works Commissioner had one of and Taxi stand location, 15:22 the Moseley bridges destroyed in 1956, 13:30 Kane, Margaret Kelly Stand Road Michael Kane’s mother, 15:23 mentioned, 14:31 Kansas City Star Kelso, David mentioned, 15:17 in group that restored Moseley Bridge, 13:26 - 27 Karnak Kelso, John large sculpture by Paul Feeley, 18:cover, 34 joined Bradford & Co. management in 1862, 12:8; Kasler, Col. James Helms leaves company in 1884, 12:12 medaled American military officer, 9:10; genealogy, Kennedy, John F. 9:11 mentioned, 8:50; 15:21; 19:37 Kasler, Johann Michael Kent, Cephas Jr. Hessian soldier’s story, 9:6 military service described, 9:12 – 16 Kassel, Archduke of Kent, Cephas Sr. mentioned, 9:10 owner of Dorset tavern, 9:12; 13:47 Katznelson, Ira Kent, Dan Fear Itself, 18:8 fought with Green Mountain Boys, 9:15 Kearns, William Kent, Rockwell mentioned, 4:11 author-artist-composer, worked with Carl Ruggles, Keelan, Don 7:8 – 14; 10:44 – 5; as Arlington resident, 15:42; U. S. notes, 15:5; review of Arlington, Vermont: Its First Post Office commissions mural, 18:12; supports Wal- 250 Years by William P. Budde, 15:40 - 43 lace for President, 18:13; contributes to Wallace cam- Keeler, Daniel B. paign, 18:14 new superintendent of H. E. Bradford & Co. in 1903, Kent, William 12:13; dies 1934, 12:14 Academy principal, 21:17 Keeler, Daniel J. Kerinski, Helen Macavage succeeds his father as superintendent of Bradford & Jean Mack’s real name, 15:29; killed by boyfriend in company in 1934, 12:15; resigns 1946, 12:15 1948, 15:33 Keeler, James Key, Francis Scott carder overseer Bradford Mill 1905, 12:13 wrote national anthem, 8:12 Keeler, John L. Keyser, F. Ray Sr. photo, 21:40 Vermont judge, 13:42 Kelland, Clarence Buddington Keyser, Gov. F. Ray Jr. “Scattergood Baines” stories, 21:48 Vermont governor 1961 - 1963, 13:42; mentioned, Kelley, John 20:7 escaped felon Mike Kane helped police subdue, Kiddie Kar 15:24 produced in North Bennington by H. C. White Co., 13:25

30

Kierstead, Matthew A. Kinsley, Clayt From Copperas to Cleanup, 16:55 editor, 21:49 King, C. A. Knowland, William notes, 19:5; Vermont’s Slate Valley: Ancient Origins mentioned, 18:16; Senate Majority Leader, 19:28 and Multi-Cultural Workers, 19:38 – 48 Knox, Oliver King, Corporal Jim landowner in Woodford, 2:12 – 16 aftermath of return from Vietnam, 9:61 – 64 Koloseus, Zoeanna King, Mary S. donated Grandma Moses textiles to Bennington, Facing the Wall: A Mission reviewed by Anthony 15:18 – 19 Marro, 9:61 – 4 Korean War King, William and wife mentioned, 18:14 warned off at scene of Mike Kane murder, 15:25 Kretsinger, Rose “King’s Crown quilt” co-author The Romance of the Patchwork Quilt in a quilt style, 15:16, 17; photo of one by Grandma America, 15:17 Moses, 15:20 Ku Klux Klan dragons Kings County Court mentioned, 21:51 mentioned, 15:33 Kunin, Madeleine King’s Loyal Americans 3 time Vermont governor, 14:57, 58 loyalist regiment, 12:39 Kuniyoshi, Yasuo King’s Rangers American artist, 18:46 mentioned, 18:51 Kurjanowicz, George King’s Royal Regiment of New York Vermont sculptor, 5:6 commanded by John Johnson, 12:39 Kurn Hattin Kinney, Benjamin H. home for children in Westminster, 12:53 photo of his lost wood carving of Ethan Allen, 14:51

L

L & G Fabricators Labino, Dominick helped restore Moseley bridge, 13:31 artist, experimenter with glass, 3:22 Lamson, J.P. Labor Omnia Vincit comments at dedication of Civil War monument in epitaph of John Spargo, 15:15 Cabot, 11:33 Ladies Aid Societies Landgrove mentioned, 11:35 4th of July photo, 21:37; winter photo, 21:43 Lafayette, Marquis de Landgrove: 1930 to 1980 and Daniel Shays, 21:53 mentioned, 21:41 Lake Bascom Landover, Bela mentioned, 14:39 donates original Battle of Bennington centennial Lake Champlain poem and letter of William Cullen Bryant to Benning- mentioned, 14:36; proposed dredging, 20:8 ton Museum, 1:44 Lake Champlain Maritime Museum Land Use Plan described, 8:14 proposed part of Act 250 that did not pass, 20:21 Lake Memphremagog Lane, Laura prospective loyalist refuge, 13:48 collections manager, New England Quilt Museum, Lake Raponda Hotel 11:32nn6 – 7 re: Vermont summer tourism, 3:29 Langdon, Hal Lake Whitingham article in Front Page Detective re Jean Mack role in first name for new 1923 reservoir, 14:31 Kane murder, 15:33

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Lasher Stocking Company Lewis, Sinclair 1880s Bennington knitting mill, 12:13 Arrowsmith, 10:43 Lathrop, J. B. Lewiston, Vermont Arlington innkeeper, 14:17, 18 mentioned, 12:50 Lattimore, Owen Libby Prison State Dept. Far East scholar falsely accused by Sen. liberated by General Ripley of Rutland, 11:22; McCarthy of spying, 19:25, 29 prison key in Bennington Museum, 11:22 “Laudanum for Baby Too” Liberator, The ad for addictive syrup, 17:36 mentioned, 21:32 Lauterer, Arch Liberty Union Party mentioned, 13:45 formation, 5:47 Lavallee, Gustave (1875 – 1931) Lieberman, Frank arrived in Winooski from Quebec in 1895, 18:27 mentioned, 3:8 Leake, Robert Lillie, John loyalist, 18:51 Vermont artist, 17:10, 11, 17 Lectures on Architecture Lincoln, President Abraham Isaac Fitch owned a copy, 16:7 mentioned, 11:20, 21; assassinated, 11:23; men- Ledoux, Tom tioned, 11:35; took office after several southern notes, 11:5; review of Howard Coffin’s Town-by- states seceded, not before, 11:36; mentioned, 11:38; Town Guidebook to Vermont in the Civil War, 15:21 11:33 – 37 Lincoln, Gen. Benjamin Ledyard Bridge put down Shays’ rebellion, 21:53 Connecticut River bridge mentioned, 12:50 Lincoln, Mary Harlan Lee, Gen. Robert E. wife of Robert Todd Lincoln, 11:39 mentioned, 6:31; 11:18; surrenders at Appomat- Lincoln, Mrs. Mary Todd tox, 11:22 ’s wife, passed through Benning- Lefevre, Reid ton after visiting the Equinox House in Manchester, mentioned, 8:52 11:18; re her mental instability, 11:39 -40 Lehman, NY Gov. Herbert H Lincoln, Robert Todd commuted William Franco’s sentence to life in subject of book review, 11:38 – 40; Secretary of prison, 15:31 War for Presidents James Garfield and Chester A. Lehman, Irving Arthur, 11:38; minister to the Court of St. James for governor’s brother, 15:31 President , 11:38; president of the Leiberman, Alison Pullman Company, 11:38 – 39, re his mother’s sup- sold Arthur Jones’ art for 25 years, 17:13 posed mental instability, 11:39 - 40 Leigh, Dr. Robert D. Lincoln, Tad president Bennington College, 13:45 mentioned, 11:18 Leo, Melissa Lindbergh, Charles Academy Award winner from Westminster, 12:53 witness for defense of William Pelley, 21:51 Leonard, Philip Linde, Michael co-wrote Three Hoosick Area Murders, 1902 – footpath project , 14:36 1930, 15:23 Lisman, Louis Leominster Enterprise university attorney argued against Prof. Novikoff, publishes previously unknown diary of soldier at 18:18 Battle of Bennington in December, 1890, 17:22, 24 Litchfield Law School Lerrigo, George mentioned, 16:27 notes, 6:5; review of The Rutland Railroad: Rutland Little Collectors Gallery to Bellows Falls by John and Suzanne Hudson, 6:35 – gallery in SVAC, 17:20 38 Littleton, Harvey Lewis, Fulton Jr. artist-experimenter with glass, 3:22 conservative Vermont columnist, 19:24 Lloyd, Bob and Suzan Lewis, Louisa and Tinmouth Land Trust, 21:61 Union Academy art teacher 1846-7, 21:14

32

Lloyd, James Lord, Lynds land seizure 1809 in South Woodford, 2:15 mentioned, 16:15 Lloyd, Norman Lossing, Benson mentioned, 13:44 author and sketcher of Revolution, 5:50 Lloyd, Thomas Love, Caroline S. won cash prize and gold medal for skill on the made sampler in 1835, 21:cover Welsh triple harp in Chicago contest, 19:43 – 4 Lowell Mountain “Local Intelligence” 21-turbine wind project, 20:17 column in Bennington Banner with news of the civil Lower Canada war from the front, 11:16 in 1830s and 1840s provided seemingly inexhausti- Loeb, William III ble supply of labor as native Vermonters left, 18:21 conservative owner of Burlington Daily News dur- Loyalists ing early 1950s “Red Scare”, 18:6; 19:24 mentioned, 10:15 – 18 London, Jack Loyalist Claims Commission mentioned, 1:19; 15:11 mentioned, 13:48 Longdowns Loyal Order of the Moose Cornwall birthplace of John Spargo, 15:10 mentioned, 14:39 Long Island State Park Commission Luce, Franklin in 1934 or 1935 Francis Brackett becomes art man- Bennington Academy principle, 21:16 ager, 20:29 Lucier, Gilbert Longo, Vincent Vermont’s last Civil War soldier to die in Vermont, artist on Bennington College faculty, 18:31 11:36; 18:26 Long Trail Lucioni, Luigi 265 mile Vermont trail from Massachusetts to Can- artist mentioned, 17:15, 19, 20; coined “Vermont ada founded in 1910 by Green Mountain Club, Castles” for rural barns, 17:18 14:27; for skiing, 21:37 Ludowieg, Frances Long Trail Guide donated Grandma Moses textiles to Bennington several editions published by the Green Mountain Museum, 15:18 - 19 Club, 14:29, 30, 34 Luening, Otto Long Trail News mentioned, 13:44 mentioned, 9:40 Lye Brook Hollow Loomis, Lidia mentioned, 14:30 married Luman Norton, 16:12 Lye Brook Railroad Loomis, Sarah photo, 14:27; described, 14:31 - 33 Union Academy preceptor 1846-7, 21:14 Lyman, David Lord, Eleazer original grant holder, 2:8 started railroad in Piermont, NY, 16:16 Lyndon State Teacher’s College Lord, Mary mentioned, 18:10 married Oliver Abel, sister to Eleazer Lord, 16:16

M

MacArthur, Gen. Douglas MacDonald, Roberta mentioned, 18:16 marketer-essayist, 14:58 Macbeth Gallery MacDougall, Curtis mentioned, 17:7, 17 wrote Gideon’s Army on 1948 Wallace campaign, MacDonnell, Catherine 18:10; mentioned, 18:13 married Simon Fraser in 1820, 11:43

33

Macieski, Robert Manchester Union Leader Picturing Class: Lewis W. Hine Photographs Child La- mentioned, 18:6 bor in New England reviewed by Jamie Franklin, Manganiello, Neil 17:42 - 46 mentioned, 20:4; biographical notes, 20:5; review Mack, Jean of The First Frontier; the Forgotten History of Struggle, accessory to murder of Mike Kane, 15:26; photo, Savagery, & endurance in Early America by Scott Wei- 15:26; alias for Helen Macavage Kerinski, 15:29; killed densaul, 20:41 - 42 by boyfriend, Charles Wolford, 15:33 Manice Center Mack, Sarah mentioned, 14:37 principal of female dept. Bennington Seminary win- Man of Kent Tavern ter term, 21:18 mentioned, 15:24, 25 Mack, Tommy Mann, Frank mentioned, 15:30 worked at Shelburne Craft School, operated pottery MacKay, Samuel in Shelburne, 3:17 loyalist mentioned; 18:51 Manning, Joe MacKinnon, Robert historical researcher, 17:45 photo, 21:45 Mansfield, Mike MacNair, Luther Senate Majority Leader breakfasts with Sen. Aiken, dean of Lyndon State Teacher’s College resigns after 19:34 pressure from conservative press, 18:10 – 11 Maple syrup Macura, Adam industry influenced by Thomas Jefferson, 5:29 Granville slate worker, 19:46 Mapletown Liberal Religious Society Macura, Susie mentioned, 14:22 Slovak immigrant married Adam Macura, 19:46 Marine Band Madison, James mentioned, 19:37 tour of Bennington, 5:25; letters to John Stark, Markham, George 15:40; hosted in Bennington by Moses Robinson, Hoosick resident reports Michael Kane death, 15:25 15:44 Marro, Anthony, Mad River Glen notes, 1:43; The Two Worlds of Mary Sanford, 1:16; ski area, 21:41 Letters from Home, 4:6; notes, 5:5; review of The Last Maerki, Vic Muster: Images of the Revolutionary War Generation reporter for Burlington Free Press, 18:49 by Maureen Taylor, 5:49 - 51; notes, 6:5; Railroad Mahican confederacy Wealth and the Vermont Election of 1902, 6:6 – 18; archealogical sites in Hoosic Valley, 20:45 notes, 8:6; The Transformation of the State, 8:28 - 33; “Maine Junction” mentioned, 8:49; notes, 9:5; review of Facing the north point where Appalachian trail leaves Long Wall: A Mission; a never-ending journey by Mary S. Trail, 14:28 King, 9:61 - 64; notes, 10:7; Preserving Senator Mahicans George D. Aiken’s Pioneering Wildflower Heritage, mentioned, 14:38 10:32 - 37; brief bio, 13:5; The Moseley Bridge: From Mahican-Mohawk Trail Rusting in the Weeds to Restored Civil War-era Relic, honors both tribes, 14:37 13:26; notes, 15:5; John Spargo 1876 – 1996: Socialist Majusiak, Anne Founder of the Bennington Museum, 15:6 – 15; notes, The Vermont Arts and Crafts Service, 1941 – 1977, 17:5; review of Insurrection, Corruption & Murder In 3:6 Early Vermont – Life on the Wild Northern Frontier by Malbin, Lydia Winston Gary Shattuck, 17:47 – 49; notes, 18:5; review of Inti- mentioned, 18:36, 47n1 mate Grandeur: Vermont’s State House by Nancy Malloy, Tom and Brenda Price Graff and David Schutz, 18:48 – 50; notes, 19:5; studied tombstones for early Congregational minis- Working for Aiken: 1967, 19:31 – 37; photo, 19:31; re- ters, 5:13 tires as co-editor of Walloomsack Review, 20:4; notes, Maloy, Charles G. 21:5; review of Going Up the Country by Yvonne Da- assistant Rensselaer County DA photo, 15:29 ley, 21:56 - 59 Manchester Journal Marro, Jackie mentioned, 17:17 creator of Hadwen Woods project, 10:34

34

Marlboro College MassMoca mentioned, 14:58 evolved from Sprague Electric, 20:46 Marsh-Billings-Rockefeller National Historic Park MassPike formerly Mount Tom, 9:22; mentioned, 17:20 mentioned, 14:42 Marsh, Daniel Massey, Mrs. Alice minister of Old First Church, 2:27 photo, 21:45 Marsh, George Perkins, Materson, Ray warning cited, 19:11 – 12, 19 Vermont artist addressing heroin abuse, 17:39 Marsh, Reginald Mathews, Maj. Robert mentioned, 17:16 General Haldimand’s chief aide, 12:40; 13:48 Marsh Tavern Mathewson, Jon mentioned, 13:48 notes, 8:6; review of Jordan the Rodmaker by Wil- Marsh, William (1738 -1816) liam H. Jordan, 8:57 - 58; biographical information, loyalist and New Hampshire grantee, 12:36 – 47; 12:5; review of Norwich, Vermont: A History, 12:50 – compensated for service and loss, 12:38; letter to 51; review of Westminster Vermont 1735 - 2000: General Haldimand and reply, 12:43 – 45; described, Township Number One, 12:52 – 54; notes, 16:5; A 13:46 – 48; as Mason, 14:53 ‘Backstory’ for the Creation of the Mormon Church, Marshall, James 16:29 – 36 partner of John Sutter spots gold in American River, Matignon, Rev. Francis 13:7 baptized more than a dozen French-Canadian chil- Martha Canfield Memorial Free Library dren in Burlington in 1815 alone, 18:21 mentioned, 15:42 Matz, Judy Martha Graham’s Dance Workshop acknowledged, 11:24 mentioned, 13:44 Mayflower Martin, Chris oldest passenger, 1:19 21st Century artist inspired by Paul Feeley, 18:35 Mazaryk, Jan Martin, Peter Czech leader murdered in 1948 Soviet coup, 18:10 key aide to governor Deane Davis, 20:7; suggests “McCarthyism” reasons for Land Use Plan failure, 20:21 early witch hunt for communists led by Sen. Joseph Marvin Goldberger’s Glass Store McCarthy, 18:6, 18, 19 where Harry Pincus worked as glazier in Newark, McCarthy, Sen. Joseph, 15:32 mentioned, 15:13; 18:6, 7, 15, 16; inset, 18:back Marx, Karl cover; discussed, 19:22 - 30; chairman of Senate mentioned, 15:9 Government Operation Committee, 19:28 Masonic Lodge McClellan, Gen. George of Middlebury, 2:27; mentioned, 2:31 mentioned, 11:20, 21 Massachusetts Constitution of 1780 McCorkle, Harry omits restrictions on black and Indian liberties, manager of Putnam Hotel, 9:55 16:23, 26 McCullough, John G. Massachusetts Department of Conservation and mentioned. 1:11; 6:6 – 7, 9 – 11, 14 – 16 Recreation McCullough Library mentioned, 14:37 North Bennington Library mentioned, 13:23 Massachusetts grant McCullough, Robert Westminster in 1735, 12:52 UVM historian’s theory of Moseley bridge, 13:27; Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors Crossings: A History of Vermont Bridges, 13:32 includes William Boutelle, 17:24 McColloch-Lovell, Ellen Massachusetts state archives president Marlboro College, 14:58 mentioned, 16:26 McDaniels, Isaac Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court mentioned, 14:25 mentioned, 16:27 McDermott, Edward Massachusetts Turnpike mentioned, 8:50 mentioned, 14:37 McEnroe, John P. Newark patrolman finds clue to Kane murder, 15:32

35

McGovern, Joe Merusi, Aldo stone mason who helped with Moseley bridge pro- photographer, state editor, reporter for Rutland ject, 13:31 – 32 Herald, 9:48 McGuire, Hugh Metcalfe, Simon Michael Kane’s deceased father, 15:23 suspected spy, 10:18 McIntyre, Robert Metropolitan Museum of Art of Macbeth Gallery, 17:7, 17 mentioned, 17:17 McKee, Eliza Mettler, Mary A. Union Academy assistant teacher in 1833, 21:14 notes, 9:5; Portraits of our Patriots: Stories of Amer- McKenna, Dr. James ican Revolutionary War Ancestors, 9:12 - 18 helped with autopsy of Michael Kane, 15:25 Meyer, Felicia McKenzie, Alexander Vermont artist mentioned, 17:16 biographical notes, 11:42 Meyer, Herbert McLaughlin, Gerald Vermont artist, 17:10, 14, 20 anti McCarthy publisher of the Springfield Reporter, Meyer, Merkell & Ottmann 19:24 New York producer of Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing McNamara, Robert Syrup, 17:34 Secretary of Defense as fall guy, 19:35 Meyer, William H. McNish, Sarah McCoy first statewide Democrat elected in a century, reports loudness of Battle of Bennington 18 miles 5:43 – 47 away in Salem, N.Y., 16:41 Michael, Patricia Gordon McPherson, Elizabeth review of Finnigans, Slaters and Stonepeggers by The Bennington School of Dance: A History in Writ- Vincent E. Feeney, 4:51 - 52 ings and Interviews, 13:44 - 46 , McPherson, James M. mentioned, 14:58; 19:6 historian mentioned, 11:37 Middlebury Female Academy Meade, Maj. Gen. George Gordon Phebe Orvis attends, 21:29 news of victory at Gettysburg, 11:18 Middlebury Mercury Medal of Honor mentioned, 2:28 awarded to two Bennington men, 11:14 Migration from Vermont, Meehan, Charles F. 19:8 public defender for William Franco, 15:31, 32 Mile-Around Woods Mellen, Henry new location of rebuilt Moseley bridge, 13:26 mentioned, 16:13 Miller, Bettenell Mellen, Thomas memorial boulder donated, 10:34 account of Battle of Bennington mentioned, 17:23 Miller, Thankful Hall Mello, Robert A. quilter mentioned, 11:28 Vermont Achieves Statehood, 2:28; notes, 5:5; Two Miller, William Visitors from Virginia, 5:25 – 34; writing biography of Hoosick bee keeper reports Mike Kane’s death, Moses Robinson, 13:47; Moses Robinson and the 15:25 Founding of Vermont reviewed by Tyler Resch, 15:43 Miller, William – 46; appointed Superior Court judge, 15:44 former Poultney resident and founder of Adventist Merck, Serena Church, 16:34 mentioned, 17:13 Millet, Jean-Francois Merrill, Perry mentored William Morris Hunt, 13:34 against Green Mountain Parkway, 19:19; VT direc- Mills College tor Forest and Parks Department, 20:14; photo, 21:40 mentioned, 13:46 Merrill, Rev. Thomas A. “mill stock” pastor of Middlebury Church, 2:28 mined slate from which thick pieces are cut for man- Merrill, John Van der Spiegel tels, billiard tables, and tiling, 19:40 mentioned, 14:8 Milstein, Nathan violinist summered near Landgrove, 21:41

36

Milton, John Montgomery, Gen. Richard mentioned, 21:20 mentioned, 9:13 Mineral Resources & industries, Montpelier Watchman mentioned, 19:39 tongue-in-cheek reply to Vermont Chronicle “Ver- Mineola mont a Gold-bearing State” article, 13:12 coal barge scene of murder of Jean Mack, 15:33 Miner, Ovid Ethan Allen’s attack on, 10:15 “The Rodsman” appeared in The Vermont Ameri- Montshire Museum can, 16:30 – 36 in Norwich, 12:50 Miss Sarah Pierce’s Litchfield Female Academy Monument Mountain in CT attracted young Bennington women, 21:19 mentioned, 16:27 Mitchell, Robert W. (1910 – 1993) Moore, Howard Parker long time editor-publisher of the Rutland Herald, self-published 1949 biography of John Stark, 15:38 9:30; 18:6; 19:22 – 30; photo, 19:27 Moosefests Modern Art mentioned, 9:45 mentioned, 17:16 Moran, Mrs. A. M. modillion photo, 21:45 ornate bracket supporting cornice, 16:7, 8, 10 Morely, Raymond on William Pelley, 21:51 mentioned, 14:38 Morgan, Bill Mohawk Valley review of The Battle of Bennington: Soldiers & Civil- 1781 raiding parties, 12:39 ians, 8:47; biographical notes, 11:5; On the Civil War’s Mohawk Trail Homefront: Bennington in the Civil War, 11:6 – 24; described, 14:36 – 42 bio, 13:5; What Bennington Made – Made Benning- Mohawk Trail State Park ton: The Mills of Bennington, 13:14 – 25 mentioned, 14:37, 41 Mormons Molly Stark Trail mentioned, 16:29 - 36 mentioned, 2:15; 4:19; 20:17 Morrison, Leonard W. Monadnock Mills No. 6 author “Letter From Home” during WWII, 4:6; polit- site of Moseley bridge in Claremont, NH, 13:27 ical career, 4:6 - 7 Monahan, Trooper Ted Morrissey, Charles, mentioned, 15:25 quoted, 19:7; 20:23 Monet, Claude Morrissey, Trooper John J. mentioned, 13:34 meticulous work useful in Mike Kane murder case, Money Brook Trail 15:27 mentioned, 14:38 Morse, William H. “money diggers” as owner of Prospect ski area, 4:19 events involving the origins of the Mormon church Moseley Bridge, in Vermont, 16:30 photo, 13:50 Monhegan Island Moseley bridge logo plate mentioned, 17:7, 9 photo, 13:32 Monocacy, battle of Moseley bridge restoration consultations mentioned, 11:36 photo, 13:32 Monroe, Harriet Moseley Iron Bridge Company editor Poetry magazine, 14:44 built wrought-iron truss bridges, 13:26 Monroe, Will Moseley, Thomas W. H. H. willed land on Camels Hump to state of Vermont, inventor of the Moseley Bridge, 13:27 – 29 20:14 Moses, Anna Mary Robertson “Grandma” (1860 - Montague, Erastus 1961 mason mentioned, 16:14 Grandma Moses: Early Quilts and Needlework by Montague Farm Patricia L. Cummings, 15:16 – 21; Grandma Moses: commune’s 35 year , 10:38 – 40 My Life’s Story, 15:20 - 21

37

Mosher, Asahel Mulholland, Mrs. Chiselville investor, 16:57 opened school in Bennington in 1811, 21:11 Mosher, Ira Mundell, Merrill Jr. Chiselville investor, 16:57 wrote history of Woodford ski area, 4:17 Mott, Lucretia Mundell, William D. Progressive Quaker, 21:31 as ski entrepreneur, 4:16 – 18 Mountain Mills Mungo, Ray submerged under new reservoir in 1923, 14:31 Total Loss Farm, resident of Montague Farm, 10:38; Mount Anthony Country Club noted writer, 21:59 mentioned, 15:45 Munro, Joshua Mount Greylock wealthy Shaftsbury wheat farmer and businessman, mentioned, 14:38 16:8 - 10, 15 Munsell, Joel mentioned, 21:38 Albany publisher, 8:39 Murphy Road explosive proposed ski development, 20:8 mentioned 1:7 Mount Vernon Murray, Judge Francis mentioned, 16:10; 19:37 1941 Harry Pincus trial in Troy, 15:33 Moyer, Carrie Myers, Henry 21st artist inspired by Paul Feeley, 18:35 Hoosick constable reports Michael Kane death to Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrup Sheriff’s office, 15:25 photo of ad promoting opiate “for children teeth- ing”, 17:34

N

Napoleonic Wars “” mentioned, 17:47 Pres. Franklin D. Roosevelt administration, 18:7; Narrative 21:46 Ethan Allen autobiography mentioned, 14:51 Newell, Fred National Child Labor Committee inventor from Westminster, 12:54 project Lewis Hine photographed for, 17:42, 44 New England Power Company National Academy of Design subsidiary buys the Deerfield Valley Railroad in 1886 exhibit of Works in Oil and Pastel by the Im- 1920, 14:31; sells Victory Bog to state of Vermont, pressionists of Paris, 13:34 20:13 National Park Service Newent Separates mentioned, 19:18 “The New Israel” in America, 16:31 Native Views New Hampshire Gazette mentioned, 14:42 1767 ad for slave sale, 16:20 Nearing, Helen and Scott founders of back-to-land movement, 10:42 – 43 mentioned, 19:57; 21:60 Nelson, Elizabeth New Hampshire Grants dispute “Looking for Lewiston”, 12:50 mentioned, 10:18; declare independence in 1777 Nemerov, Howard and an independent constitutional republic in 1778, poet friend of Paul Feeley, 18:35, 40 12:36; mentioned, 13:46 “Nestledown” New Hampshire Historical Society John Spargo’s home in Bennington, 15:8, 12 Robert Macieski helped form, 17:45 New City New Lives in the Valley, 1850 -1920 mentioned, 2:43 authored by Gwillym Roberts on Welsh migration, 19:41

38

New London Courthouse Nordgren, John built by Isaac Fitch, 16:10 friend of Alonzo Valentine, 10:10 – 11 Newman, Barnett Northeast Organic Farmers Association (NOFA) 1958 Bennington College exhibit, 18:31 founded in Westminster West, 12:52, 54 Newman, Lea North Bennington Boot and Shoe Company, notes, 14:5; review of The Letters of Robert Frost: built in 1867 by Charles Hall, 13:23 Volume I, 1880 – 1920 edited by Donald Sheehy, North Bennington fulling mill, 1784 Mark Richardson, and Robert Faggen, 14:43 – 45; re- first in area, 13:17 view of The Letters of Robert Frost: Volume II, 1920 – North Pownal Cotton Mill 1928 by Donald Sheehy, Mark Richardson, Robert mentioned, 17:42 Hass, and Henry Atmore, eds., 19:49 - 52 North West Company Newmont Slate, orders Simon Fraser to expand its interests be- largest inventory of current quarries, 19:39 yond the Rocky Mountains in 1805, 11:42 New Republic, The Norton, Capt. John Henry Wallace as editor after WW II, 18:8 first pottery maker in Bennington, 13:17; photos of Newsday home, 16:11; built Norton house, 16:11 – 13 mentioned, 19:37 Norton, John New Stone Church son of Capt. John Norton, 16:13 mentioned, 14:19, 21 Norton, Julius Newton family first son of Luman and Lidia Norton, 16:12 Readsboro businessmen, 2:37 Norton, Laura New York Art Association 1846-7 Union Academy music teacher, 21:14 1886 exhibit of Works in Oil and Pastel by Impres- Norton, Lucretia sionists of Paris, 13:34 Capt. John Norton’s wife, 16:12 New Yorker, The Norton, Lucretia mentioned, 19:54 Luman Norton’s sister, 12:13 New York Herald Norton, Luman observes negative effects of the California gold oldest son of Capt. John Norton, 16:12, 13; photos rush on customary New England values, 13:12 of home, 16:14 New York Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Norton, Norman Preservation mentioned, 14:13 helpful locating Francis Brackett works, 20:31 Norwegian-American Knitting Mill New York State Department of Transportation buys Bradford mill, 12:16; closes January 31, 1961, mentioned, 15:23 12:16 New York Times Norwich, Vermont mentioned, 15:15; 19:34 photo 1890s overview by Henry H. Barrett, 12:50 Nikolaidis, Heidi Boepple Norwich, Vermont: A History co-editor Bethel Historical Society, 14:51 review by Jon Mathewson, 12:50 - 51 Nikolais, Alwin mentioned, 13:44 mentioned, 12:51; 14:58 Nicolay, John Novikoff, Prof. Alex co-authored first authorized biography of Presi- cancer researcher fired unfairly by UVM, 18:6, 15; dent Lincoln, 11:39 1955 photo, 18:15 Niles, Grace Greylock Novotny, Ann The Hoosac Valley discussed, 20:43 - 46 mentioned, 1:28, Footnote 10 Ninth Vermont Nowak, Lionel mentioned, 11:36 late musician mentioned, 20:5 Nixon, Richard Noyes, George Loftus (1864 – 1954) mentioned, 18:16; 19:37 Vermont impressionist, 13:33, 37, 38n1 Noble, Ralph Noyes, Harriett Holton State Board of Education 1948, 18:11 Westminster native who helped found the Oneida Noland, Kenneth Community, 12:52, 53 Shaftsbury minimalist artist, 18:31

39

Nyren, August Swedish immigrant, 10:11

O

Oakes, James L. Old First Church distinguished Vermont judge, 13:43 cemetery, 1:19; described, 2:26; alteration, 2:27; Obama, Barack architectural heritage, 2:32 – 3; mentioned, 5:6 – 7; mentioned, 9:34 15:7; 21:9; 21:16 Oberlin College Old Furnace mentioned, 21:21 mentioned, 14:12 O’Brien, Michael Old Lyme Art Colony mentioned, 4:51 – 52 mentioned, 17:14 O’Callaghan, E. B. Old South Meetinghouse Documentary History of New York, Vol. 4, 15:46 mentioned, 2:20 Ogden, Joseph Olin, Giles Jr. mentioned, 14:20 built first in series of flumes to power mills in Ben- Ogden, Mamie nington, 13:16 married to Sam Ogden, 21:35, 36; Flood Brook Olitski, Jules summer camp photo, 21:36; summer camp, 21:38 artist on Bennington College faculty, 18:31 “Ogden’s on the Mountain” Olzendam, Roderic ski lodge in Peru, VT, 21:37 re Green Mt. Parkway, 9:40; Vermont: The Un- Ogden, Samuel R. spoiled Land, 19:15 mentioned, 19:7; Samuel R. Ogden, Renaissance Onion River Land Company Vermonter by Paul Searls, 21:35 – 44; photo, 21:35; mentioned, 10:18 elected to Vermont House, 21:37; appointed chair- Oppenheimer, Judy man of State Committee on Conservation and Devel- Private Demons a biography of Shirley Jackson, opment in 1934, 21:37; Gov. Aiken appoints to State 19:54 Planning Board in 1939, then to Board on Conserva- tion and Development, 21:38; loses 1942 congres- Orchards, The sional primary race, 21:38; enlists in army, 21:38; Everett estate, 9:19, 31, 51; 18:37, 47n2 chaired Vermont Development Commission, 21:38; Order of Odd Fellows helps found and consults for Vermont Life, 21:38; This mentioned, 6:34 Country Life, 21:39; photo, 21:40; “Sparks from the Order of Red Men Forge” newspaper column, 21:40, 43; “VL Reports” mentioned, 6:34 column, 21:41; cover of America the Vanishing, 21:41; Ormsbee, Caleb reapportionment, 21:42; appointed to USDA water architectural designer, 2:23 conservation committee, 21:42; and Vermont Natural Orr, Lt. John Resources Council, 21:42; chairs panel on scenery and rebel officer at Battle of Bennington, 16:39 historic sites, 21:42; billboard restriction, 21:43; Orton, Vrest Green Up Day, 21:43; This Country Life, 21:44; The on editorial Board of Vermont Life, 21:38 Cheese that Changed Many Lives, 21:44 Orvis Company Ogunquit Art Colony rejuvenated by Wes Jordan, 8:57 mentioned, 17:14 Orvis, Eleazor (1797 – 1879) O. Henry mentioned, 21:31; censured, 21:32 mentioned, 21:48 Orvis, Elizabeth Old Academy Library marries George Chamberlin and becomes Baptist, mentioned, 15:7; later name for Bennington Acad- 21:33 emy, 21:7 Orvis, Harriet married Nicolas Austin, 21:33

40

Orvis, Isaac (1809 - 1894) O’Shea, Bernard mentioned, 21:31; censured, 21:32 1950s VT editor of Swanton Courier who supported Orvis, John (1816 – 1897) Prof. Novikoff, 18:6, 18 mentioned, 21:31; anti-slavery orator and author, Otter Valley High School 21:32, 33 mentioned, 21:58 Orvis, Phebe (1801 – 1868) Ouellette, Susan focus of Vermont Quaker family during Second notes, 21:5; Religion, Revival, and Diversity in a Great Awakening, 21:28 – 34 Nineteenth-Century Vermont Family, 21:28 - 34 Orvis, Silas (1793 – 1880) Owens Brothers Slate Quarry mentioned, 21:31; censured, 21:32 photo circa 1900, 19:40 Orwell, George Owens, William “Why I Write,” 19:55 photo, 19:38 Osborn, William Church Oxford English Dictionary re: daughter, Aileen Osborn Webb, 3:15 mentioned, 16:30

P

Pabst, Fred “Panorama of War” opens Bromley ski resort, 21:38 presented in Bennington by itinerant artist, 11:15 Packard, Ray Papadakis, Brenda photo, 21:45 romanticized Jane Stickle quilt in Dear Jane, 11:25 Packer’s Corners Paper Mill Village bridge mentioned, 10:39 Moseley bridge scrapped and later restored, 13:27, “Pageant of the Old Mohawk Trail” 30 mentioned, 14:40 Paper Mill Village Page, David mentioned, 13:26 partnership with Gamaliel Painter, 2:31 Papineau’s Rebellion Page, John B. 1837 – 1838 revolt in Lower Canada, 18:24 Vermont governor, railroad president, 6:6 Paris Daily Telegraph Paige, Lucius R. fictional newspaper in Paris, VT, 21:48 history of Hardwick, Massachusetts author, 15:46 Paris, Vermont Pain, William Bennington as model for William Pelley’s fictional publisher of 1787 Practical Builder, 2:24; pattern town, 21:47 book inspires, 20:36 Park Lawn Cemetery Paine, Thomas mentioned, 9:31; 15:26 mentioned, 5:27, 29 Park, Trenor W. Painter, Gamaliel mentioned, 1:11; 6:7, 10; 9:21 – 22; 10:8; he and founder of Middlebury College, in state politics, partners put up $400.000 capital to set up First Na- 2:28 – 31 tional Bank of North Bennington, 11:19; pictured and Palettefest mentioned, 11:23; mentioned, 13:27 mentioned, 9:45 Park-McCullough mansion Palladian windows mentioned, 9:22; mentioned, 12:18, 20 mentioned, 16:6, 7, 8; photos, 16:8, 9, 12, 14; in up- Parker & Sons Slate Co., date of Harmon Inn, 20:35 – 36 mentioned, 19:40 Palmer, Mary Parker, Susan great grandmother of Ann Bugbee and author of Academy assistant principal, 21:17 Recollections of a Mill Worker, 12:23; maiden name Parker, William H. of Dundon, 12:24 – 5 Academy principal, 21:17 Palmer, William husband of Mary Palmer, 12:25

41

Parks, Joseph Perkins, Philetus The Prospect Ski Area Looks Back, 4:13; wrote of mentioned, 2:24 Mike Kane murder in Bennington Banner in 1994, Perkins, Stephen 15:23 Bennington Museum director, 10:34; looked for “Parlor Pinks” way to restore Moseley bridge to public place, 13:30 mentioned, 16:7 Peress, Maj. Irving Parsons, Betty Army dentist suspect in McCarthy red probe, 18:9 visionary art dealer, 18:32, 43 Perrin, Noel Parsons, Eli concept of land as “forever virgin,” 19:7 – 8; 20:22 a leader of Shays’ Rebellion, 21:53 Perry, Arthur Latham Parsons, Sally Origins in Williamstown, 14:38 married Hiram Harwood, 21:21 Perry, Oliver Patten, Matthew mentioned, 2:11, 13 John Stark’s neighbor’s diary as source, 15:40 Peters, Absalom Payson, Mrs. 1821 president of Bennington Academy, 21:15 showed Arthur Jones’ work on Long Island, 17:13 Peters, John Pease, Ebenezer commanded Queen’s Loyal Rangers, 12:39, 40; loy- landholder in South Woodford, 2:11 alist mentioned, 18:51 Pease, Levi Petersen, Eric started stage line, 2:12 notes, 8:6; review of Philip Hoff: How Red Turned “peculiar institution” Blue in the Green Mountains by Samuel B. Hand, An- slavery, 16:18 thony Marro, and Stephen C. Terry, 8:49 - 52 Pegler, Westbrook Peterson, Rev. Ralph pro-McCarthy columnist, 19:24 supports McCarthy and Jenner committees, 18:17 Peisch, Francis Peters’ Queens Loyal Rangers Prof. Novikoff’s attorney argued in vain, 18:18 mentioned, 13:48 Peleg Cole house Peto, John (1854 – 1907) home Robert Frost bought in Shaftsbury, 14:43 influenced William Reynolds’ still life paintings, Pelley, William Dudley 12:21 A Nazi in the Green Mountain State by Paul Heller, Pfister, Col. Francis 21:45; photos, 21:45, 47; wanted poster, 21:46; Hoosick loyalist killed at Battle of Bennington, 18:51 photo as “Silver Shirt,” 21:49; The Door to Revelation Phelps, Gen. John his autobiography, 21:47, 49; Rockefeller Foundation mentioned, 11:36 grant, 21:50; Seven Minutes of Eternity, 21:50; New Philadelphia Dance Academy Liberator magazine, 21:50; contract with United Ger- mentioned, 13:44 man Societies, 21:51; 10 years for sedition, 21:51; Philemore, Mr. Soulcraft, 21:51 mentioned, 2:27 Pelham, Gene (1909 – 2004) “Pickpockets” as Normal Rockwell’s assistant, 15:42 – 43; men- story by Tom Weakley, 12:55 tioned as artist, 17:13 piecer Pember, E. M. cotton mill job, 12:35 Seventh Vermont Agricultural Report, 19:9 Pierce, Capt. William Pemberton, Ian early New England slave trader, 16:19 biographer of Justus Sherwood, 12:37 Pierotti, Lola Penn, Bob chief of staff for Sen. George Aiken and soon his Broadway star sings for Henry Wallace rally, 18:13 wife, 19:32, 34 Pequot Indians Pierpont Morgan Library traded for slaves in West Indies 1638, 16:19 former home of Anson Phelps Stokes, 1:24 Perkins, Frances pilaster mentioned, 1:19, 25, 29n21; 15:9 ornament made to appear as supporting column, Perkins, Henry 16:12 UVM professor oversees Commission on Country Life, 19:15

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Pincus, Harry Portelli, Mary accessory to Michael Kane murder, 15:25; mugshot, provided mural by Francis Brackett, 20:50 15:25; mentioned, 15:27, 32; arrested after recog- Post, Bruce nized from photo in detective magazine and wanted notes, 19:5; The Defeat of the Green Mountain Park- poster in Newark, 15:32 way, 9:34 - 43; notes, 19:5; A Cautionary Tale, Part 1, Piper-Tri-Pacer The Dear Little State Among the Dark Green Hills: Set- small plane mentioned, 18:36 tlement, Spoil and Twilight, 19:6 – 21; biographical pitching notes, 20:5 A Cautionary Tale, Part 2, The Dear Little description of term, 2:8 State Among the Dark Green Hills: Vermont’s Environ- Pitkin, Olive mental Spring, 20:6 – 25 There and then: a Vermont Childhood, 7:39 Post Road Pleasant Valley mentioned, 15:42 mentioned, 20:35 Potter Hill Pleissner, Ogden mentioned, 15:23 artist critiqued Arthur Jones, 17:14, 15 Poultney Slate Co., Plumley, Congressman Charles mentioned, 19:40 beats Sam Ogden in primary, 21:38 Powell, Gen. Henry Watson Plumtree, Fred prisoner exchange letter for governor of New York born Hippolite Prunier, 18:26 from Gen. Haldimand, 12:41 Plunkett, Theodore Powers, Lawrence mentioned, 14:39 cryptographer and navigator in WWII, 4:7; Paran Pocumtucks Creek Memoirs: North Bennington Stories, Vol II re- mentioned, 14:38 viewed by Robert E. Woolmington, 5:52 Poetry magazine Press, Irving mentioned 14:44 “pink” Army dentist target of Sen. McCarthy, 19:24 Poetry Society of Southern Vermont Preston, Col. Addison mentioned, 14:45 funeral in Danville, 11:35 “Polar Express” Pritchard, John and Harriet Norwich tourist train, 12:50 slate truck driver and wife photo, 19:45 Polhemus, John F. “Priory, the” Stark: The Life and Wars of John Stark, 15:38 – 40 Mary Sanford’s large home in Bennington, 15:7 Polhemus, Richard V. Pritchard, Evan T. Stark: The Life and Wars of John Stark, 15:38 – 40 mentioned, 1:8, Footnote 12 Polish workers Proctor Family in the marble quarries of West Rutland, 21:56 controlled Vermont Marble Company, 8:30; men- Pollack, Richard tioned, 9:38 – 9 Playboy article “Taking Over Vermont” on counter- Proctor, Fletcher culture, 21:58 owner of marble business, 6:7, 11 – 12 Pollock, Jackson Proctor, Mortimer 1952 Bennington College exhibit, 18:31, 35 mentioned, 19:6; Vermont: The Unspoiled Land, Pompanoosuc Station 19:15; as governor, appoints Ralph Flanders to fill out Connecticut River railroad depot, 16:55 Sen. Austin’s term, 19:23, 32 Pontiac Proctor, Redfield mentioned, 16:54 Civil War veteran, Governor, U.S. Senator, and Sec- Poons, Larry retary of War, 19:33 known for his mid-60s lozenge paintings and Op Art, Progressive-Orthodox Quakers taught at Bennington College after death of Paul Fee- revived Friends of Second Great Awakening, 21:31 ley, 18:33 Progressive Party Pope, Alexander mentioned, 18:8, 14, 18 mentioned, 21:20; Essay on Criticism, 21:21 Prospect Rock Porche, Veranda mentioned, 14:32 writer at Total Loss Farm commune received certif- proto-Minimalist icate of merit from Vermont Arts Council, 21:59 art style emerging in 1950s, 18:31

43

Puffer, Norman Putnam, Henry W. notes, 6:5; An Eyewitness to the Death of Abraham Bennington political, business figure, 9:29, 50 – 1; Lincoln, 6:31 – 34 took over Bennington Machine Works to make sev- eral products in 1867, 13:21 Putnam Square center Bennington, 14:50

Q

Quack Queen’s Loyal Rangers mentioned, 17:33 loyalist regiment mentioned, 12:39 Quakers “The Quilting Bee” (1950) mentioned, 21:29 Grand Moses painting, 15:16 “Quarry Hill” quilting Bees Rochester, VT commune model for alternative edu- mentioned, 15:17 cation, 21:59 quilting frames Quay, Robert described, 15:17 “Mohawks, Model-Ts, and Monuments,” 14:38 Quilting Traditions: Pieces from the Past Queen Anne by Patricia B. Herr, 11:32n architectural style, 14:49 Quinn, Elizabeth Queen Elizabeth mentioned, 19:34 coronation, 18:14 quoins corner stones in architecture, 16:7, 8

R

Rachlin, Robert D. Rand, Major John notes, 5:5; Anthony Haswell: Editor and Balladeer, at Battle of Bennington, 17:23, 25 5:17 - 24 Rand School of Social Work Radocchia, Jane Griswold mentioned, 15:9, photo with John Spargo, 15:11 notes, 1:43; A Green Architectural Appraisal, 1:10 – Ranney, Caleb, 15; notes, 6:5; co-authored Architectural Perceptions mentioned, 19:13, 40 of William C. Bull’s Exuberant Houses, 6:19 – 27; Ranney, Charles H. notes, 14:6; Vermont’s Elusive Architect: George H. DA on Mike Kane murder case, 15:25; judge, 15:32 Guernsey, 14:48 – 51; notes, 20:5; An Architectural RavenMark Inc. Analysis: The Harmons, Their Inn, and the Times, design, 18:48 20:34 – 36; notes, 21:5; review of A Short History of reapportionment Tinmouth, Vermont by Grant C. Reynolds, 21:60 - 61 in 1966 VT House shrinks from 246 to 150, 21:42 Railroads and tourism, Reason, the Only Oracle of Man mentioned, 19:12 by Ethan Allen mentioned, 14:52 Randall, Willard Sterne “Redbird Collective” author, 7:43; biographer of Ethan Allen, 12:37; tra- Hinesburg, VT activist, lesbian commune, 21:59 ditionalist Ethan Allen historian, 14:53 Redding, David Rand, Caroline loyalist hanged for treason, 10:17; 17:49 wealthy socialist provides stipend to John Spargo, “Red Scare” 15:12 early 1950s witch hunt by Sen. Joe McCarthy, 18:6

44

“Redstone” Graffagnino, H. Nicholas Muller III, David A. Donath, mansion in Montpelier, 14:49 and Kristin Peterson-Ishaq, 14:56 – 59; notes, 15:5; Reed, Carlton review of Moses Robinson and the Founding of Ver- Hoosick Falls as I Remember, 15:23; warned off at mont by Robert A. Mello, 15:43 - 46; notes, 16:5; re- Mike Kane murder scene, 15:25 view of War on the Run: The Story of Robert Rog- Reed, Forrest ers and the Conquest of America’s Frontier by John F. warned off at scene of Mike Kane murder, 15:25 Ross, 16:53 – 54; notes, 17:5; mentioned, 17:24; re- Reed, John view of Born in Controversy: History of Halifax, Ver- Ten Days That Shook the World, 1:19; mentioned, mont and Hills and Hollows: History of Halifax, Ver- 15:11 mont by the Halifax Historical Society, 17:50 – 51; re- Reeve, Abner view of The Unifying Hoosac River Valley Revisited by Tapping Reeves’ father, 16:24 John R. Stevens, 20:43 - 46 Reeve, Tapping Representational Impressionism legal scholar advised Theodore Sedgewick, 16:24 – one description of Francis Brackett’s landscape 27; later created Litchfield Law School and served as style, 20:27 Connecticut Supreme Court chief justice, 16:27 Republic of Vermont “Regulators” mentioned, 19:57 of Shays insurgents, 21:53 “revenge of the cradle” Reidesel, Major Gen. Friedrich the French for losing Canada to the British in the commanded German troops for General Burgoyne, French and Indian War, 18:21 16:46; effect on Gen. Fraser, 16:51 Revolutionary War Reisel, Victor mentioned, 2:10 conservative Vermont columnist, 19:24 Reynolds, Grant C. Rensselaer, Lt. Col. John Van A Short History of Tinmouth, Vermont reviewed by mentioned, 17:23, 27 Jane Griswold Radocchia, 21:60 – 61; humor in chap- Rensselaer, Stephen Van ter titles, 21:60; clueless land grants; 21:60; chapter mentioned, 17:23 on population growth, 21:61; “excellent appendices”, Rensselaer-Taconic Land Conservancy 21:61; stimulating Last Few Words, 21:61 mentioned, 15:22 Reynolds, William S. (1854 – 1929) Resch, Tyler photo of oil painting by, 12:20 review of Two Vermonts: Geography and Identity Rice-Harwood map of Bennington County 1865 – 1910 by Paul Searls, 1:35 – 37; Glastenbury, with sketch of Bennington Academy, 21:12 the History of a Vermont ghost Town by John R. How- Rice, John ard, 1:38 - 39; review of Born in Controversy: History mentioned, 14:40 of Halifax, Vermont by Halifax Historical Society, 2:39; Rice, Moses Woodford’s Camp Comfort, 3:27; review of Ethan Al- mentioned, 14:40 len and the Capture of Fort Ticonderoga by Richard B. Richards, Leonard L. Smith, 4:49 – 50; notes, 5:5; Fifty Years Ago, the First Shays’ Rebellion: The ’s Final Democrat in a Century Was Elected Statewide, 5:43 – Battle, 21:54 48; review of A Fine Commanding Presence by Ronald Rich Lumber Company D. Bachman, 6:42 - 44; notes, 8:6; describes origins of owner of Lye Brook Railroad, 14:31 – 33 State Banner, 8:34 - 40; review of Millard Fillmore, Richmond, C. Q. the Oddly Named President by Paul Finkelman, 8:53 - perhaps first to name the “Mohawk Trail,” 14:39 55; notes, 9:5; Edward Hamlin Everett 1851 – 1929, Richmond, Mr. 9:28 – 33; notes, 11:5; acknowledged, 11:24; review mentioned, 14:13 of Simon Frazer: In Search of Modern British Colum- Rife, Clarence W. bia, 11:41 – 43; mentioned, 12:48; notes, 13:6; sug- revisionist Ethan Allen historian, 14:52 gested reading, The Shires of Bennington: A Pictorial Riley, Katy History of a Vermont County, 13:25; review of Col. biographical notes, 16:5; genealogy research at William Marsh Patriot and Loyalist, 13:46 – 48; notes, Bennington Museum library, 16:16; review of The His- 14:6; Glastenbury: The History of a Vermont Ghost tory of Chiselville: A Village in Sunderland, Vermont by Town, 14:29; review of The Vermont Difference: Per- James F. Hayden, 16:57 -58 spectives from the Green Mountain State by J. Kevin

45

Ripley, Gen. Edward Hastings 5:27 – 32; key negotiator for Vermont statehood, Civil War general, 7:25 – 9; memorabilia donated to 13:47; mentioned, 2:43; 14:10, 11; 15:43 - 46 Bennington Museum, 7:30; freed northern Civil War Robinson, P. L. prisoners at Libby Prison in Richmond, 11:22 treasurer and principal of Vermont Mills, 12:25 Ristau, Arthur Robinson, Samuel spokesman for Gov. Hoff, 20:11 built first grist mill and saw mill in Bennington with Ritter, Don Joseph Safford in 1762, 13:17, 20 mentioned, 1:28 Robinson, Theodore (1852 – 1896) Robb, Capt. Charles Vermont impressionist, 13:35; wrote article on mentioned, 19:37 Claude Monet in The Century Magazine, 13:35; photo Robbins Trail of painting Jamaica, Vermont, 13:35 first rail trail, 14:33 Rochefoucauld, Frederic duc de la Robinson, Gov. John Staniford Travels Through the United States of North America, grandson of Moses Robinson, 15:44 16:24, 26 Robert Frost Stone House Museum Rockefeller Foundation mentioned, 14:43; 19:49 grant for William Pelley, 21:50 Roberts, Gwillym, Rockefeller, Laurance New Lives in the Valley, 1850 - 1920, 19:41 art collector mentioned, 17:20 Robertson, Margaret Shanahan Rockport Art Association mother of Grandma Moses, 15:21 mentioned, 17:14 Robertson, Russel King Rockwell, Norman (1894 – 1978) father of Grandma Moses, 15:21 mentioned, 7:7; as Arlington resident, 15:42 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Rockwood and Company sponsors Innovators Combating Substance Abuse, 1880s Bennington knitting mill, 12:13 17:39 Rodrigues, Raymond J. Robie, Miss Margaret notes, 7:5; The Mysterious and Enigmatic Seth Hud- photo, 21:45 son(s), 7:17 – 24; notes, 21:5; Shays’ Settlement in Robinson, Mrs. Alfred Vermont by Stephen D. Butz, 21:52 - 56 Mary Sanford’s aunt, 1:22 Roebeck, Dr. Jacob Robinson, Beverley cared for wounded Hessian soldier, 9:9 loyalist letter to Ethan Allen, 12:42 Rogers, James Robinson, Calista Jones as Mason, 14:53 national president of Women’s Relief Corps who Rogers’ Rangers helped preserve Andersonville prison site, 11:35 mentioned, 15:38 Robinson, Carolyn Rogers, Robert (1731 – 1795) author, mentioned, 10:42 leader of Rogers’ Rangers, 16:53; A Concise Account Robinson, Gen. David of North America: containing a description of the sev- investor in South Woodford, 2:5; mentioned, 2:9; eral British colonies on that continent, 16:54; The An- 1795 home in Old Bennington, 16:8, 10; photo, 16:9; notated and Illustrated Journals of Major Robert Rog- on scholar’s committee; 21:11 ers, 16:54 Robinson, George Rolando, Victor R. mentioned, 14:20, 21 Solving the Mystery of C.E. Sackett’s “Bennington Robinson, Henry Furnace,” 1:30; notes, 16:5; review of From Copperas mentioned, 14:11 to Cleanup by Mathiew A. Kierstead, 16:55 - 56 Robinson, John Roosevelt, Eleanor mentioned, 2:27, 43 mentioned, 1:23 Robinson, John S. Roosevelt, Pres. Franklin D. mentioned, 8:29 mentioned, 15:9, 13; 18:7, 19:8, 21:46; disap- Robinson, Jonathan pointed in Vermont conservation efforts, 19:18; pro- support for James Ballard, 21:18 posed multi-state flood control project, 20:11 Robinson, Gov. Moses Roosevelt, Pres. Theodore chapters from biography Moses Robinson and the mentioned, 19:18 Founding of Vermont by Robert A. Mello, 4:24 – 34;

46

Root, Henry Ruckenfigur mentioned, 11:19; 14:25 artistic technique, German for “back figure,” 17:8 Rose, Ben Ruess, Everett founder Catamount ski trail, 14:58 1930s artist, 18:46 Rose, Ben Z. Ruggles, Carl notes, 16:5; Stockbridge Slave Mum Bett and Her artist and composer, 7:6 – 14; avant-garde com- Appeal for Freedom, 16:18 – 28; authored John Stark: poser, 10:45 Maverick General, 16:18 Ruggles, F. Rosenbarica, Peter co-authored a history of Putney, 16:31 loyalist retreats after Battle of Bennington, 16:45 Ruiter, Capt. Henry (Heinrich) Rosenberg, Ethyl and Julius Hoosick NY loyalist ends up leaving for Canada with accused atomic spies executed in 1953, 18:14 - 15 brother John, 18:50 – 52; 3rd Company of Kings Rang- Rosenfeld, David ers, 18:51 assistant defense counsel Harry Pincus trial, 15:33 Ruiter, Capt. John (Johannes) Ross, Dr. Charles D. loyalist retreats after Battle of Bennington, 16:45 physics professor at Longwood U. identifies causes Ruotsila, Markku of acoustic shadows, 16:39 John Spargo and American Socialism, 15:8, 12 Ross, John F. Russell Sage College War on the Run: The Epic Story of Robert Rogers and mentioned, 1:20 the Conquest of America’s First Frontier reviewed by Russell Vermontiana Collection Tyler Resch, 16:53 – 54; editor American Heritage and mentioned, 15:42 Smithsonian Magazine, 16:53 Rutland County Map Rubinstein, Raphael where the Mormon Church originated, 16:29 examines Paul Feeley’s inspiration to artists from Rutland Herald the 1980s through 2010, 18:35 mentioned, 18:6, 48; 19:22 – 30; 21:58 Ruttenbur, Dave building partner of Hiram Waters, 14:8, 11, 20, 21

S

Safford, Edwin Safford, Solomon offered boarding for young women of Bennington mentioned, 2:11, 13; reported loudness of Battle of Seminary, 21:18 Bennington, 16:41 Safford, Jacob Sage, Moses reported loudness of Battle of Bennington, 16:41 took over North Bennington grist mill during revolu- Safford, Joseph tion, 13:20; mentioned, 14:47 built first grist and saw mill in Bennington with Sam- Sage Street mill housing uel Robinson in 1762, 13:17, 20 oldest in Vermont, 13:21 Safford, Mary St. Albans House mentioned, 1:23 mentioned, 11:36 Safford, Samuel St. Albans Messenger organizer of First Vermont Co, 2:9, 16; mentioned, Loeb paper mentioned, 18:6; 19:24 9:12 – 14, 16 St. Charles Catholic Church Safford’s Mills mentioned, 14:50 established in early 1760s, 21:13 St. Clair, Gen. Arthur evacuation of Fort Ticonderoga, 16:50

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St. David’s Society Santu’s Auto Park celebrates Welsh heritage and culture in the Slate near scene of Michael Kane murder (photo), 15:24, Valley, 19:43 25 St. Francis de Sales Church Saturday Evening Post photo, 14:48; mentioned, 14:50; 15:26 mentioned, 21:48 St. Francis Xavier Church and Rectory Satzmary, David P. photo, 18:27 Shays’ Rebellion: The Making of an Agrarian Insur- St. John’s on the rection, 21:54 now St-Jean sur Richelieu where Justus Sherwood Schaeffer, Mead (1898 – 1980) collected intelligence, 12:41 mentioned, 15:43 St. Johnsbury, Schine, David mentioned, 19: 6 mentioned, 19:24 St. Leger Schmidt, Rev. Bill mentioned, 12:39 executive director of the Windham Regional Com- St. Peter’s Episcopal Church mission in Brattleboro, 20:7, 16 – 18 John Spargo active in, 15:14 Schneider, Sheriff Herman St. Stanislaus Kostkas Church Rensselaer County sheriff investigating Mike Kane of West Rutland, 21:56 murder, 15:25 St. Stephen’s Episcopal Church Schoenknecht, Walt mentioned, 2:24; first Gothic revival church in Ver- ski entrepreneur would nuke Mount Snow to im- mont, 2:32 prove it for skiing, 20:8 St. Stephen Walbrook Schonberg, Bessie Christopher Wren London design, 16:8 mentioned, 13:44 Salmagundi Club School of Fine and Applied Arts Francis Brackett, as member prestigious New York art school in New York attended by Francis Brackett, art club, exhibited coastal and rural landscapes from 20:27 1916 to 1940, 20:26 – 28 School of the Arts Salmon, Governor Tom mentioned, 13:46 mentioned, 14:58 Schrecker, Ellen Samuel Sloan home (1802) McCarthy era historian, 18:15, 19 mentioned, 16:8 Schutz, David sampler VT state curator and co-author Intimate Grandeur: made in 1835 by Caroline S. Love (1824 – 1898), Vermont’s State House, 18:48 – 50 21:cover Schuyler, Gen. Philip Sanchez, Harriet de mentioned, 19:57 fellow artist assisted Arthur Jones, 17:11, 19; nick- Scoble, Harry M. name “Tarzan,” 17:16 suggested reading, Yankeetown: A Study of Commu- Sancoick nity Decision-Making Processes, 13:25 photo of monument marking site of skirmish before Scotch Hill Battle of Bennington, 16:40; mill at mentioned, 17:23 Fair Haven operation in Slate Valley, 19:39, 40 Sanders, Senator Bernie Scott, Elisha mentioned, 5:47 – 48 builds meetinghouse for Baptists in Poultney, 16:6 Sanford, Andrew Scott, Sir Walter father of Mary Sanford, 1:19 – 20; 15:7 Lady of the Lake, 21:21 Sanford, Mary Scott, Winfield her life and work, 1:17 – 28; wealthy socialist stu- commanding general of Union Army at start of Civil dent of John Spargo who brought him to Bennington War, 11:10 to recover from lung infection, 15:6, 13 Scott, Olin (1832 – 1913) Sanger, Abner photo, 11:23; photo, 13:16; photo of his foundry, reported hearing Battle of Bennington from New 13:17; bought Eagle Iron Works in 1858 renaming it Hampshire, 16:41 Bennington Machine Works to produce heavy ma-

48 chinery to make gunpowder and other heavy equip- Seldon, Pvt. Edward ment, 13:21 – 22; builds waterwheel for Chiselworks, “splendid soldier,” died by disease, 11:16 16:57 Semi-Weekly Eagle Scully, Eileen Brattleboro paper scorns “staid, sober Vermont” for biographical notes, 13:5; Vermonters in the Gold its rush to gold in California, 13:8 Rush, 13:7 - 13 Senate Dining Room Searls, Paul mentioned, 19:37 Two Vermonts: Geography and Identity,1865 – 1910 Senate Internal Security Committee reviewed by Tyler Resch, 1:35 - 37; mentioned, 5:47; mentioned, 18:16 notes, 10:6; When Alonzo B. Valentine Sought to Lure Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee Swedes to Vermont, 10:8 – 13; mentioned, 10:44; bio, Sen. Aiken gives up 13 years seniority on it to take 13:6; The Quest to Beatify Silent Cal, review of 3 books an opening on the Foreign Affairs Committee to pre- on Coolidge: Coolidge by Amity Schlaes, Why Coolidge vent Sen. McCarthy from getting it, 19:29, 32 Matters by Charles C. Johnson and Calvin Coolidge by Senate Office Building David Greenberg, 13:39 – 41; quote, 19:14; notes, mentioned, 19:35 21:5; Senecal, Joseph-Andre Sears, Benjamin director Canadian Studies at UVM, 18:29 mentioned, 14:11, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21 Senecal, Lewis H. Sears, Charles F. succeeds George Wentworth as superintendent of built Paper Mill covered bridge in 1889, 13:28 Bradford mill, 12:15 Searsburg Reservoir Servants for Life mentioned, 14:33 right of servitude claimed by slaveholder John Ash- Second Congregational Church ley in 1781 court case, 16:25 mentioned, 7:40 1791 Vermont Centennial 1891 Second Great Awakening book mentioned, 12:49 mentioned, 16:34; religious revival, 21:12, 29, 30 Seventeenth Vermont Regiment Second Vermont Regiment last regiment formed in Civil War Vermont, 11:19 described, 11:12; mentioned, 11:36 Seventh Vermont Agriculture Report, Sedgewick, Catherine Maria mentioned, 19:9 daughter of Theodore Sedgewick and author, 16:22; Seven Years War (1755 - 1763) sent by parents to stay with aunt, Mrs. Rev. Job Swift mentioned, 16:53 to attend school in Bennington, 21:11; wrote A New sewing machine England Tale, 21:11 invention and use, 12:7 Sedgewick, Theodore Seymour, Gen. photo, 16:18; lawyer representing slave Mum Bett mentioned, 11:23 in suit that won her freedom, 16:18; mentioned, Sgorbati, Susan 16:22 – 27; became senator, congressman, and Mas- notes, 13:5; review of The Bennington School of sachusetts Supreme Court chief justice, 16:27 Dance: A History in Writings and Interviews by Eliza- See America First beth McPherson, 13:44 – 46 travel guidebook series, 14:41 Shabat (Sabbath) Seeger, Pete itinerant peddlers gathered in Poultney, 19:47 photo with Henry Wallace, 18:8 Shanahan, John Selden, Almira of Better Bennington Corporation and Moseley 1818 poem honoring student, 21:7; Effusions of the bridge, 13:30 Heart, 21:7; mentioned, 21:9; Darius Clark published Shaftsbury her book Effusions of the Heart in 1820, 21:21; poems town donated forklift for Moseley bridge restora- from Effusions of the Heart, 21:23 - 27 tion, 13:31 Selden, Andrew Shakespeare, William presented petition, 2:4; father of Almira Selden, mentioned, 21:19 lawyer, and editor of weekly Bennington News Letter, Shalhope, Robert 21:10; probate judge, 21:23 A Tale of New England cited, 14:7, 24; as tradition- Selden, Charity alist Ethan Allen historian, 14:53; Bennington and the wife of Andrew and mother of Almira, 21:23 Green Mountain Boys, 15:46

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Shanks, John Shumlin, Gov. Peter mentioned, 16:9 mentioned, 11:37; 15:40; Westminster native, Shattuck, Gary G. 12:53; 2014 address on heroin crisis, 17:39; “expend- notes, 17:5; Nineteenth Century Vermont Medicine, able” quote, 20:23 17:32 - 41 Shurtleff, John T. Shaw, Robert Gould Bennington merchant, 6:25 nephew of Edith Stokes, 1:24 siege of Royalton Shays, Abigail 1780 raid in Vermont, 15:46 Daniel Shays’ wife mentioned, 21:55 Signor D’Alvear’s Goldmeter Shays, Daniel gold magnet, 13:9 leader of Shays’ Rebellion, 21:52 – 56; 1788 pardon, Silver Money Damages 21:54; sells Sandgate land, 21:54 awarded Brom and Mum Bett for wrongful bondage Shaysite settlement in 1781 court case, 16:26 uncovering, 21:52 “Silver Shirts” Shays’ Rebellion homage to Hitler’s Brown Shirts, 21:46, 49, 50; MA tax Revolt, 21:52 - 56 photo, 21:49 Sheehy, Don Silver, Thomas mentioned, 14:45 Coolidge and the Historians mentioned, 13:39 Sheffield skirmish Simes, John last fight of Shays’ Rebellion, 21:53 mentioned, 16:9 Sheffield Resolves Simmons, Capt. Bezer early 1770s list of grievances against Royal govern- Woodstock native buys large land grant in California ment, 16:22 before the gold rush and leads group of Vermont Ad- Shelburne Craft School venturers to California in 1849, 13:10 - 11 origins, 3:15 – 16 Sinclair, Upton Sheldon, Ann mentioned, 1:19; 15:11 Academy assistant principal, 21:17 Sing Sing Prison Sheldon, David mentioned, 15:31, 34 Academy principal, 21:17 Sir Papers Sheldon Slate source cited, 13:48 produces structural slate, 19:48 Sisters of Providence of Montreal Shelley, Mary Josephine photo of convent in Winooski, 18:20; established el- Bennington School of the Dance director, 13:44 ementary school for French speakers in 1870s, 18:28 “The Shepherd Comes Home” Sixth Worcester County militia regiment photo of Grandma Moses yarn painting, 15:17 mentioned, 17:22 Sherman, Caleb Skene, Maj. Philip mentioned, 16:9 loyalist in Battle of Bennington, 16:43; 18:51; 19:57 Sherman, Gen. Skinner, Levi mentioned, 11:21 reported sounds of Battle of Bennington, 16:41 Sherwood, Justus “Ski VT” noted loyalist and Vermont resident, 10:16 – 17; miniature addressing heroin abuse by artist Ray 12:38, 40 – 41, 44, 45; 13:48; 14:55 Materson, 17:39 Shields, Capt. Hamilton Leroy Slate Valley, painting by Thomas Kirby Van Zandt, 12:22 discussed, 19:38 – 48; map, 19:41 Shlaes, Amity Slavery in New England Coolidge reviewed by Paul Searls, 13:39 – 41 Massachusetts legalizes in 1641, 16:19; Rhode Is- Shoals, John land only state in New England to limit term in 1652, mentioned, 16:11 16:19; first MA census counts slaves in 1754, 16:19, shtetls 27n3; 18th century ads for slaves in New Hampshire small Jewish villages in central Europe, 19:47 Gazette, Boston Gazette, and New England Weekly Shuffleton, Paul Journal, 16:20; slaves rights in courts of law, 16:20 co-founder Chiselworks, 16:57 Slayton, Tom

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editor Vermont Life, 14:57; thoughts on VT State Snelling, Barbara House, 18:48, 49; on counterculture influx, 21:58 mentioned, 19:35 “Sleeping Outside Eden” Snively, Elizabeth story by Tom Weakley, 12:55 neighbor of Mary Sanford, 1:21 Slew, Jenny Socialist Party won suit brought for wrongful enslavement, 16:20 mentioned, 1:18; discussion of, 1:24 – 25 “Slicks” Social Realism popular magazines that paid well for , 21:47 art of the mid-1930s, 18:35 Sloan, Hope Jerome Societe de St. Jean Baptiste daughter of James C. Colgate, 8:43 photo of insignia fabricated before creation of Slovaks, the American branch in 1901, 18:23 second wave of slate workers, 19:42, 45 – 46 Society for the Preservation of New England Antiq- Smith, Anna uities (now Historic New England) wife of Gov. J Gregory Smith, defended their home mentioned, 20:4 with pistol during St. Albans raid, 11:35 Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Smith, Charles H. Parts received non-combat Medal of Honor, 11:36 mentioned, 13:42 Smith, David Society of Vermont Craftsmen American sculptor, 18:31 mentioned, 3:7 Smith, Donald W. Sokolsky, George photo, 21:40 pro McCarthy columnist, 19:24 Smith, Edward Curtis Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum Vermont governor, 6:6, 12 mentioned, 18:32 Smith, Elisha Somerset Dam mentioned, 16:13 mentioned, 14:30 Smith, Ephraim Somerset Reservoir mentioned, 16:14 photos of construction described, 9:57 Smith, Ethan Sommer, William View of the Hebrew, 16:34 watercolorist, 18:46, 47n13 Smith, Israel South Burlington Community Church Federalist opposed to Moses Robinson, 15:46 mentioned, 18:17 Smith, Rev. Javen Lynwood South Glastenbury resort founder of Shelburne Craft School, 3:20 mentioned, 3:27 – 28 Smith, Gov. John Gregory Southern Vermont Art Center (SVAC) Vermont governor, railroad president, 6:6; men- mentioned, 17:10, 12, 13, 20; art museum in Man- tioned, 11:35 chester, VT, 20:27; exhibited Francis Brackett’s works, Smith, Joseph 20:30; list of Brackett paintings founder of the Mormon Church, 16:29, 34, 35 Southern Vermont Artists Smith, Sen. Margaret Chase artist association, 17:6, 9 declaration of conscience, 19:23 Southern Vermont College Smith, Percis formerly Everett mansion, 9:28, 32, 51 wife of John Norton Jr., 16:14 Southworth, William Smith, Richard B. instructor issued report card (pictured) for H. H. Ethan Allen and the Capture of Fort Ticonderoga: Harwood, 21:10 America’s First Victory reviewed by Tyler Resch, Spargo, John 4:49 - 50 notes, 1:43; The Two Worlds of Mary Sanford by An- Smith, Tony thony Marro, 1:18 – 28; biographer of Anthony sculptor and architect on Bennington College fac- Haswell, 5:17, 20 – 23; founder of Bennington Mu- ulty, 18:31, 46 seum, 9:32; The Catamount in Vermont (1950), 9:46; Smithsonian Institution biographer of Daniel Williams Harmon and Simon Fra- interest in Moseley bridge in 1958, 13:30 ser (1950), 11:41; John Spargo: Socialist Founder of Smyth, Dr. George the Bennington Museum by Anthony Marro, 15:6 – loyalist mentioned, 12:38, 41 15; The Bitter Cry of the Children, 15:9, 17:45; edited

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Barry Herald at Barry Docks in South Wales, 15:10; ed- Springfield Reporter itor Funk and Wagnalls Jewish Encyclopedia, 15:12; anti McCarthy paper, 19:24 contributing editor Socialist Spirit and The Comrade, Squire, Truman 15:12; Benito Mussolini’s socialist paper Il Popolo d’ on scholar’s committee, 21:11 Italia prints Spargo’s work, 15:13; Bolshevism: The En- Stafford, Wendell Phillips, emy of Political and Industrial Democracy, 15:13; 1910 Middlebury College commencement address, photo with son by Lewis Hine, 17:44; lectures at 19:6 – 7 Cooper Union on “The Spiritual Significance of Mod- stage line ern Socialism,” 17:45; mentioned, 17:46 started by Levi Pease between Boston and New Spargo, Mary Bennetts York, 2:12 John Spargo’s wife, 15:6 Stalin, Joseph Spargo, Mary mentioned, 18:14, 15, 16 daughter of John and Mary Spargo and reporter for Stamp Act Washington Post, 15:12 mentioned, 13:47; 16:22 Spargo, George Stannard, Gen. George J. John Spargo’s son, 15:6, 12 mentioned, 11:23 Spargo, Mary Starin, J. C. John Spargo’s daughter, 15:6, 12 mentioned, 14:13 Sparhawk, Sophia Stark House principal of female dept. of Bennington Seminary, mentioned, 9:51 21:18 Stark, Gen. John “Sparks from the Forge” head of militia, 5:35, 37 – 9; militia engagements in Sam Ogden column for Rutland Herald and later the 1777, 7:31, 35; mentioned, 8:48; Michael Gabriel re- Bennington Banner, 21:40 view of Stark: The Life and Wars of John Stark by Rich- Spaulding, Solomon ard V. Polhemus and John F. Polhemus, 15:38 – 40; authored Mormon precursor text, 16:35 The Sound of Silence: … at the Battle of Bennington by Spear, Bob Michael Gabriel, 16:37 – 49; on loudness of the battle, prompted formation of the Green Mountain Audu- 16:41; mentioned, 16:54; 17:22, 24; 19:58 bon Society (GMAS) in 1962, 20:10; letters to officials Stark Paper Co. re preservation and exploitation, 20:12; pro-preser- converts Haviland mill into paper mill in 1852, 13:21 vation editorial in The Hermit Thrush, 20:12; chairman State Art Collection of GMAS Nature Center Committee, 20:12 mentioned, 14:56 Spear, Harry State Banner mentioned, 15:27 origins, 8:36; became Bennington Banner in 1858, Spear, Victor 8:40 published Vermont: A Glimpse of its Scenery and In- State Board of Education dustries, 3:29 mentioned, 18:11 spinner State College (now Penn State University) cotton mill job, 12:35 Francis Brackett joins faculty for summer session Spirits of the Waves 1916, 20:27 mentioned, 14:39 State of Craft spooler Bennington Museum exhibition, 3:14 cotton mill worker who spun thread around the State Planning Board bobbin, 12:25 mentioned, 21:38 Spooner, Daniel State Publicity Service Woodford landowner, 2:13 mentioned, 21:38 Sprague Electric States Rights Party evolved into MassMoca, 20:46 mentioned, 18:14 Spratt, William Stearns, Col. Abijah Connecticut builder mentioned, 16:7n10 mentioned, 17:23 Springfield Armory Steffens, Lincoln Shays’ revolt defeated, 21:53 mentioned, 15:11

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Sterling College Stratton, Mary mentioned, 20:15 Union Academy assistant teacher in 1833, 21:14 Sterne, Laurence Stratton Mountain mentioned, 21:21 mentioned, 14:32 Stevens, Lauren R. Stratton Pond notes, 14:5; Heydays Along the Mohawk Trail, mentioned, 14:32 14:36 – 42; Dispatches from the Beyond Place, re- Stratton Turnpike viewed by Tyler Resch, 20:43 – 46; author, columnist, mentioned, 8:34 teacher, and dean at Williams College, 20:44 Strong, Shirley Stewart, George first woman president of the Green Mountain Club the capitol architect, 19:36 comments on development craze, 20:10; “a force of Stewart, Callie and for nature,” 20:15; helped form the Green Moun- collections manager at Bennington Museum, 1:17; tain Wildlands Profile Committee, 20:16 acknowledged, 11:24, 32, mentioned, 11:31 Stuart Monarchy stick Restoration in 1660, 19:51 architectural style used by George Guernsey, 14:49 Student Conservation Association Stickle, Charlotte mentioned, 14:37 Walter Stickle’s sister, 11:30 Sturtevant, Ralph Jane Stickle Quilt Thirteenth Vermont chronicler, 11:33 exhibit at Bennington Museum, 12:22 Sumner, James Stickle, Jane A. Boston carpenter mentioned, 2:30 The Jane A. Stickle Quilt: ‘in War Time, 1863’ by Pam Superfund sites Weeks, 11:25 – 32; Bennington Banner article reveals mentioned, 16:56 her as an invalid, 12:22 Supreme Court of the District of Columbia Stickle, John B. Wendell Phillips Stafford as justice of, 19:6 Walter Stickle’s brother, 11:30 Susquehanna Valley Stickle, Walter P. 1781 raiding parties, 12:39; mentioned, 14:33 Jane Stickle’s husband, 11:29 Sutter, John Stickney, Lieut. Samuel mentioned, 13:7 mentioned, 17:23 Swan, Abraham Stilwell, Lewis inspirational building pattern book, 20:36 mentioned, 19:8 – 10 Swarthmore College Stocking, Fred attended by Sam Ogden where he met his wife Ma- mentioned, 14:42 mie Campbell, 21:35 Stokes, Anson Phelps Swarthout, Gladys mentioned, 1:24; wealthy banker father of Helen opera singer’s portrait mentioned, 17:15 Phelps Stokes, 15:7 Swedenborgians Stokes, Helen Phelps impact on AA philosophy, 8:56 mentioned, 1:24; wealthy socialist student of John Sweetland, Brian Spargo who brought him to Bennington to recover Vermont artist, 17:19 from lung infection, 16:6 Swift, Edward H. Stone, Charles Francis mentioned, 14:13 owner of Woodford resort, 3:30 Swift, Dr. Heman Stone, Lt. Col. Newton mentioned, 14:13, 17, 18, 19; supports James Bal- chosen first lieutenant, 2nd Vermont Regiment lard, 21:18 11:12, replaces Col. Walbridge, 11:20; killed at the Swift, O.S. battle of The Wilderness, 11:20 mentioned, 1:7, 9n7 Stone Mill Swift, Rev. Job mentioned, 12:25; photo, 12:26 described, 2:19 – 20, 28 Stratton-Arlington Road Swift, Noadiah mentioned, 14:31 support for James Ballard, 21:18 Stratton Arts Festival mentioned, 3:8

53 symmetrical biomorphic abstractions and glorying in the liquid nature of the thinned me- in the work of Paul Feeley featured “swelling atten- dium…,” 18:33 uations that seem to wriggle with life… allowing for Symposium on Music and Art mentioned, 18:41, 47n9

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Taafe, Philip Thompson, Laurance 1980s artist inspired by Paul Feeley, 18:35 Selected Letters of Robert Frost reviewed by Lea Taft, William Howard Newman, 14:43 - 45 mentioned, 9:22 Thompson, Zadock Tambura, Mount gazetteer, 1:7; Ethan Allen historian, 14:52 1816 volcano caused world-wide crop failures, Thomson, James 21:23 Insects, 21:21 Tamiris, Helen Thoreau, Henry David mentioned, 13:44 mentioned, 14:36 Taran Brothers Thurmond, Strom an active slate firm, 19:48 mentioned, 18:14 Taylor, Alan Tibbits State Forest mentioned, 18:51 mentioned, 15:22, 24 Taylor, Florence Tichenor, Isaac Francis Brackett’s first wife, 20:27 as commissary agent, 5:37 – 38; Federalist opposed Taylor, James P. to Moses Robinson, 15:46; supports James Ballard, founder of Long Trail, 14:28 21:18 Taylor, Maureen Ticonderoga The Last Muster: Images of the Revolutionary War mentioned, 14:51 Generation reviewed by Anthony Marro, 5:49 – 51 Tiffany Brothers Terry, Joseph 1880s Bennington knitting mill, 12:13 Hartford joiner, 2:25 Tifft, Edward Terry, Stephen C. left many descendants in Vermont, 10:13 co-author of book on Philip Hoff, 8:49; aide to Sen- Tillinghast Company ator Aiken, 10:36 help Seth Hunt build “Big Mill,” 13:22 Thacher, James Times Record Continental surgeon, 15:39 mentioned, 15:31 Thatcher, Charles Tinmouth Channel mentioned, 14:12 quarterly of the Tinmouth Historical and Genealog- Thatcher, Joseph M. and Thomas H. ical Society, 21:60 notes, 7:5; General Ripley’s Infernal Machine: the Tinmouth Elementary School Story of an Artifact, 7:25 - 29 mentioned, 21:60 Thetford, Tinmouth Mountain mentioned, 19:7 re uninformed land grant, 21:60 Thirteenth Vermont Regiment Titanic mentioned, 11:33 description of its sinking, 8:41 – 3 Thomas, Edward tollgates English friend of Robert Frost, 14:45 mentioned, 2:10, 14 – 15 Thomas, Norman “Total Loss Farm” socialist leader and presidential candidate. 1:27, commune in Guilford, 21:58 29n25 Totten, George Oakley Jr. architect-designer of The Orchards, 9:19 – 26, 30

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Tracy, Edward Trumbull, Gov. Jonathan mentioned, 16:57 mentioned, 16:7 Transcendentalism Trumbull, John mentioned, 21:33 meetinghouse designer, 2:29 Transportation Tsumi, Toshiko publication of Connecticut Valley Electric Railroad- taught skiing in Woodford, 4:18 ers Association featuring Bennington and Glasten- Turner, Frederick Jackson bury Railroad on cover, 14:back cover; horse drawn mentioned, 14:40 to rail transformation illustrated by photo, 19:13 turnpike road from Bennington to Wilmington Trapp Family Lodge established, 2:44 hosted legendary ox roast, 3:9 Twain, Mark Tripadvisor coined term “Gilded Age,” 12:19 Mohawk Trail postcard photo, 14:38 Twelve Tribes Tropical Storm Irene religious community in Westminster, VT, 12:54 mentioned, 12:50, 54; 14:38 Tydings, Senator Millard Trowbridge, Sophronia Howe targeted by Sen. McCarthy, 19:23 wrote “Grandma Trowbridge’s” Narrative and Sage Tyler, John of a Hessian Soldier, 9:6 – 8 American President, 8:35 Troy Female Seminary Tyler, Maj. Royall attracted young women from Bennington, 21:19, 21 chief judge in Burlington smuggling trials of 1808 Troy Record and author of “The Contrast,” a theatrical comedy, mentioned, 15:23 17:48; pursues Regulators into VT, 21:53 Truman, President Harry, mentioned, 15:21; 18:8, 16; 19:23

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Udall, Stewart mentioned, 19:7 Lake Champlain for cargo ships, 20:8; mentioned, Underground Railroad 20:12 active in Vermont, 11:7 U.S. Department of Agriculture Unitarianism 1957 Sam Ogden appointment, 21:12 mentioned, 21:33 U.S. House of Representatives Union Academy mentioned, 16:27 1813 exhibition and Hiram Harwood diary notes, U.S. House Un-American Activities Committee 21:12; sketch from 1835 Hinsdill map of Bennington, mentioned, 15:12 21:13; grows in 1830s as other academies close, U.S. Quartermaster 21:14 large order for undergarments to H. E. Bradford & United German Societies Co. in 1862, 12:8 contract with William Pelley, 21:51 USS Bennington United Shirt and Collar Company testimony from crew members 9:59; explosion, 9:6 workers’ strike 1891, 1:20; Troy run by Samuel United Textile Workers of America Sanford, 15:7 established union of H.E. Bradford workers after a U.S. Army strike in 1919, 12:14 mentioned, 21:38 University of Massachusetts Press U.S. Army Corps of Engineers mentioned, 17:42 proposes to blast summit of Mt. Mansfield for mis- University of Michigan sile base, dam Victory Bog for power and dredge in 1921 Robert Frost poet in residence, 19:50

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University of New Hampshire at Manchester editor friend of Robert Frost, 14:45; “best bid for Robert Macieski a professor of history there, remembrance” letter from Robert Frost, 19:49; 50 17:43 Upper Pacific Mills Bridge one of 2 Moseley bridges still in use, 13:27 mentioned, 14:58 “Upper Valley” University of Vermont Medical School Connecticut River Valley origin of several Mor- founded in 1822, 17:36 mon leaders, 16:35 University of Vermont Students for Wallace Upson, William Hazlett Daily News pans Rockwell Kent speech, 18:13 Alexander Botts and the “Earthworm Tractor Com- UVM Center for Digital Initiatives pany,” 21:48 photo Deerfield River Railroad, 14:32 Untermeyer, Louis

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Vacation Idea Vang, Analeisha 1930s idea of Vermont as a tourist destination, notes, 10:6; The cultural legacy of Vermont’s Inter- 19:16 state Highways is Preserved Online, 10:25 - 31 Vail House Vanities description, 20:35 notorious Broadway theater where Jean Mack Vail Road worked, 15:30, 33 main road past Harmon Inn, 20:35 Van Loon, Hilly Vail, Theodore N. mentioned, 17:50, 51 president of AT&T, owned Speedwell Farm, now Van Schaick, Col. Goose Lyndon State College, 9:22 accepts letter re prisoner exchange from Gen. Hal- Valentine Knitting Company dimand for New York governor with reservations, mentioned, 6:34; Bennington knitting mill, 12:13; 12:41 - 42 photos, 13:15, 50; described, 13:22 Van Vliet, Claire Valentine, Maj. Alonzo B. partner of Michael Boylen, 3:23 mill owner, instrumental in attracting Swedes to Van Zandt, William Vermont, 10:8 – 13; took over Valentine mill when fa- painted portrait of William Bradford, 12:20 - 21 ther died in 1866, 13:22; mentioned, 13:28 Van Zandt, Thomas Kirby (1814 – 1886) Valentine, Joel renowned Albany animal painter and father of Wil- photo of mill owner’s home, 13:15; established Val- liam Van Zandt, 12:21 entine Knitting Co. in 1824, 13:22 Vassar College Vanderbilt estates mentioned, 1:28 mentioned, 9:21 Vassar Quarterly Vanderbilt, William H. mentioned, 1:2 influential in crafts movement, 3:15; re railroad, 6:9 “Vast Sodom” Van Dyck, Bishop Vedder how French clergy in Quebec characterized the Episcopal prelate supports Prof. Novikoff, 18:17 United States to discourage “deserters, cowards, and Van Hoosen, Garrett renegades,” 18:24 mentioned, 14:22 vaulted ceiling Van Der Spiegel, John mentioned, 16:12 mentioned, 14:11 Veale, James Van Der Spiegel, Van Vetchen Barre citizen who perished on Titanic, 9:5 mentioned, 1:7 Venable, Joseph spinner overseer Bradford mill 1905, 12:13

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Venter, Bruce M. Vermont Historical Society The Battle of Hubbardton: the Rear Guard Action mentioned, 14:56; 15:46; John Spargo as past pres- that Saved American, reviewed by Michael Gabriel, ident, 15:9; Earl Newton as president, 21:38; Grant 16:50 - 52 Reynolds as trustee, 21:60 Vergennes Vermont House Conservation Committee role in War of 1812, 8:10 George Aiken appointed to, 19:34 Vermont: an Ode Vermont in the Civil War mentioned, 19:6 author accurately cites battle statistics for the bat- Vermont Arts Council tle of Big Bethel, 11:36 awards Veranda Porche, 21:59 Vermont in the 1890s Vermont Arts and Crafts Service description of, 3:27; tourism statistics, 3:29 creation of, members, 3:6 – 11 Vermont Law School Vermont Association for Billboard Restriction mentioned, 14:50 chaired by artist Horace Brown, 13:36 Vermont Life magazine Vermont Bar Journal mentioned, 14:57, 58; photo of slate workers at Eu- mentioned, 13:41 reka Quarry, 19:38; Sam Ogden helped found, 21:38; “Vermont Castles” Earl Newton as editor, 21:38 Luigi Lucioni’s name for rural barns, 17:18 Vermont Marble Company Vermont Centennial celebration mentioned, 6:13 photo of ceremonial arch in Bennington, 12:49 Vermont Medical Society Vermont Chronicle statewide society formed in 1814, 17:36 “Vermont a Gold Bearing State,” 13:8, 11 Vermont Mills Vermont Commission on Country Life mentioned, 12:25 formed in 1928, 19:15; publishes Rural Vermont: A Program for the Future by Two Hundred Vermonters mentioned, 13:45 in 1931, 19:15 Vermont Natural Resources Council Vermont Constitution formed in 1963, 20:10; and Sam Ogden, 21:42 first to outlaw slavery in 1777, 11:6 – 7; outlawed Vermont Old Time Crafts and Industries slavery partially, 14:46 and Sam Ogden, 21:38 Vermont Constitution’s Common Benefit Clause Vermont Population Trends 1950 – 2010 instrumental in same-sex marriage ruling, 13:43 graph, 20:20 Vermont Council of Safety Vermont Public Television re: separation of prisoners from Battle of Benning- discussed, 8:51 ton, 7:31 Vermont Quilt Search Project Vermont Court of Confiscation mentioned, 11:25 seized loyalist property, 10:15 Vermont Roadside Council Vermont Department of Natural Resources inspired billboard restriction, 21:43 mentioned, 21:38 Vermont’s Ancient Roads legislation Vermont Development Commission passage of, 2:16 Sam Ogden named chairman, 21:38, 40 Vermont ski industry Vermont Encyclopedia influence by interstates, 10:23 mentioned, 17:49 Vermont Structural Vermont Gazette produces structural slate, 19:48 mentioned, 8:37; ad for Bennington’s new meeting- Vermont State Water Conservation Board house, February 14, 1804, 16:6, 16n1; mentioned, from Sam Ogden bill, 21:40 21:13, 15, 16 Vermont General Assembly mentioned, 13:43 voted to raise seven regiments April 23, 1861, 11:12 Vermont Symphony Orchestra Vermont Handicraft Guild mentioned, 21:37; Sam Ogden as president, 21:38 sponsored first exhibition of Vermont handicrafts, Vermont “the unspoiled land” 3:6 cover of Mortimer Proctor’s 1915 automobile tour, 19:6

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Vermont Veteran’s Home Victory Bog Wildlife Management Area photo of original, 21:13; mentioned, 11:22; 21:44 created in 1969 by state of Vermont, 20:13 Vermont Weaver’s Guild Village Peddler mentioned, 3:21 a Tom Weakley business in Arlington, 12:55 Vershire Visual and Performing Arts (VAPA) photo of copper mine ruin, 19:11 arts building at Bennington College, 18:35 Vestes, Harry Vogelman, Hub mentioned, 15:27 UVM botanist, acid rain researcher, and promoter Vicero, Ralph D. of Camels Hump preservation who helped form historian observed little early French immigration, Green Mountain Wildlands Profile Committee 20:14, 18:21 16, 22 Victory Bog Voulkous, Peter proposed power project, 20:8; defending, 20:11 mentioned, 3:10

W

“Waiting for Santa Clause” (1960) Walters, Emile Grandma Moses painting, 15:16 Canadian born landscape artist who mentored Fran- Walbridge, Col. James H. cis Brackett, 20:27 chosen captain by men of Company A, 2nd Vermont Walter Wood Mowing and Reaping Machine Com- Regiment, 11:12; mentioned, 11:15 – 16; resigns due pany to bad health, 11:20 boosts Hoosick Falls, 20:46 Walbridge, Silas War of 1812 rebel militia-man at Battle of Bennington, 16:39, 42 mentioned, 17:49, 18:51; turning point of French- Walbridge, Mr. Canadian immigration, 18:21 1830s Bennington community leader, 14:17 War of Independence Wall, Rabbi Max mentioned, 19:57 supports Prof. Novikoff, 18:17 Ward, Susan Hayes Wallace, Henry poetry editor New York Independent, 14:43 1948 presidential candidate, 18:6, 7, 8, 12 – 14, 18; Wardner, Henry Steele cover of Time, 18:8; photo with Pete Seeger, 18:8; The Birthplace of Vermont: A History of Windsor to Secretary of Commerce, 18:8; as editor of The New 1781, 13:47; revisionist Ethan Allen historian, 14:52 Republic, 18:8 Warner, Seth Wallace-Brodeur, Jeb mentioned, 5:35 – 38; 8:48; 9:12, 14, 15; 13:47; photographer, 18:48 14:55; 16:50; 17:23, 25 Walloomsac Inn Warner, Major John A. as formerly Elijah Dewey’s Inn, 5:27; mentioned, New York state police superintendent, 15:28 14:12; 15:7, 45 warper-tender Walloomsack Review cotton mill job, 12:35 mentioned, 17:24, 44 Washington, President George Walloomsac River mentioned, 15:39, 44; 16:10, 54; 21:19 power source for nearly 3 dozen mills in 1890s Ben- Washington Monument nington, 12:13; mentioned, 16:39; 20:35 mentioned, 19:37 Wallum’s Patent Wasmus, Julius mentioned, 1:7 German surgeon at Bennington battle, 7:32 – 35; Wallumschaik Patent 16:39, 42 description and location, 1:7 Waters, Adam half-brother of Hiram Waters, 14:10

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Waters, Adeline Weeks, Pam mentioned, 14:25 notes, 11:5; review of The Jane Stickle Quilt ‘In War Waters, Diadamia Time, 1863,’ 11:25 – 32; mentioned, 12:22 Hiram Water’s wife, 14:17, 18, 24 Weidenmayer, Donald Waters, Elisha photographer of Interstate construction, 10:25 Hiram Waters’ half-brother, 14:10, 21, 23 Weidensaul, Scott Waters, Hiram (1796 – 1890) The First Frontier: The Forgotten History of Struggle, photo, 14:7; Harwood Diaries Life and Times Savagery & Endurance in Early America, reviewed by of Hiram Waters by Tracy Baker-White, 14:7 – 26 Neil Manganiello, 20:41 – 42 Waters, Lidia Sophie Weidman, Charles mentioned, 14:15 mentioned, 13:44 Waters, Mary Jane Weihs, Terry Faith Anderson mentioned, 14:25 helped form Interagency Crafts Council, 3:11 Waters, Mary Ann Weinberg Block mentioned, 14:14, 22 mentioned, 19:48 Waters, Capt. Oliver Weinberg, Sigmund, Hiram Waters’ father, 14:10, 11 established hardware store in Granville, built doz- Watkins, Sen. Arthur ens of homes for low income slate workers, lent as head of bipartisan committee, recommended Welsh emigres money to build a church, and more, censure for Sen. McCarthy, 19:29 19:48 Watt, Gavin Welch, Joseph described William Marsh as “a rather shadowy fig- Army counsel rejoinder to Sen. McCarthy, 19:28 ure,” 12:37; mentioned, 18:51 Welling, Edward Watts, Isaac constructs new multi-purpose mill now called mentioned, 5:21 Haviland’s privilege on old grist mill foundation in Webb, Aileen Osborn 1833, 13:20 -21; mentioned, 14:20 biographical data, 3:13 – 16, 20 – 21 Wells, Horace Weakley, Tom dentist from Westminster who pioneered nitrous The Stories review by Bill Budde, 12:55 – 56 oxide as an anesthetic, 12:52 Weaver, Charlie Welsh, the worked for Senator Aiken, 19:34 as miners in the Slate Valley, 19:40 – 44 Webb, Vanderbilt Welsh triple harp influential in the crafts movement, 3:15 West Pawlet resident Thomas Lloyd’s specialty, Webb, Virginia 19:44 Vermont artist, 17:19 Welter, Rush Webb, Dr. William Seward suggested reading: Bennington, Vermont, An Indus- influential in crafts movement 3:15; financed Adi- trial History, 13:25 rondack train, 3:28; president of Rutland Railroad, 6:6 Wendland, Peter – 7, 9 – 11; mentioned, 9:21 influenced with Vermont Arts and Crafts Service, Webster, Daniel 3:8; award received, 3:10 oration at Stratton in 1840, 8:34 – 40 Wentworth, Gov. Benning Webster, Gertrude Devine granted Bennington’s charter, 1:7, 2:8 – 9; men- mentioned, 17:7 tioned, 7:18 – 20; 12:36; 13:42; 21:60 Webester Estate Wentworth, George N. mentioned, 17:7 new superintendent at Bradford mill 1946, 12:15 Weeks Act “We prefer ‘em” established national forests in eastern U.S. in 1911, cows to people, 21:56 14:34 Westfield’s Separate Church Weeks family mentioned, 5:9 started tavern, 2:15 West Hoosac Weeks, Charles W. settled in 1753 and later becomes Williamstown, author, mentioned, 10:42 20:45

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Western Summit Whitham, Steve mentioned, 14:42 owner/manager of Prospect ski area, 4:22, 23; Westminster Convention Whitingham Farms mentioned, 13:47 development proposal, 20:18 Westminster Institute 10:44 public recreational facility opened in 1924, 12:53 Whiting Library Westminster massacre mentioned, 14:50 mentioned, 13:47 Whitney Studio Club Westminster Vermont 1735 – 2000: Township Num- mentioned, 7:11 – 12 ber 1 Whitney, Jonas Jessie Haas, reviewed by Jon Mathewson, 12:52 – deposition, 2:14 54 Whittier, John Greenleaf Westphal, Rep. Fred “Song of Vermonters” mentioned, 14:52 and spittoons, 18:49 Wickman, Donald H. Weyerhauser historian, 6:30; 7:42 blows hole on for tram house, photo, 20:8 Wicks, Orvis Weymouth, Pvt. William becomes Mormon and migrates west, 21:33 funeral in Peru, 11:35 Wien, Jake Wharton, Edith scholar for Rockwell Kent catalog, 10:44 mentioned, 5:25 Wight, J. Ambrose Wheat, Jonathan mentioned, 14:13 mentioned, 16:9 “the wigwam” Wheeler, Obadiah photo, 14:36 stone-carver, 8:16 – 17 Wilbur, Bill Whitcomb Summit worked for Sen. Aiken, 19:34 photo, 14:36; mentioned, 14:41, 42 Wilcox, David White Barn Flats mentioned, 14:13 rail crew photo, 14:29 Wilcox, George White, Charles dyer overseer Bradford mill 1905, 12:13 1849 Union Academy language teacher, 21:15 Wild , Kendall White, Elinor notes, 6:5, Poor Handwriting Blamed for Train Crash Robert Frost’s wife, 14:45 in Bartonsville that Killed Ten People in 1920, 6:28 – White, Fanny 34; notes, 7:5; review of The Vermont Civil War Pho- teacher, 21:18 tographs of George Houghton by Donald H. Wickman, White, Harry Dexter 7:42; review of Ethan Allen: His Life and Times by accused of spying for Russia, 19:29 Willard Sterne Randall, 7:43; as young reporter for White Mountains Rutland Herald and later as its editor, 19:25 - 26 mentioned, 14:27 Wilder, Arthur (1857 – 1945) White Mountain Guide Calvin Coolidge Birthplace, 1924, 13:33; mentioned, 14:34 Vermont impressionist, 13:35 – 37 White, Phineas Wilder, Norman offered site for Webster’s Stratton oration, 8:36 mentioned, 10:36 White, Tracy Baker Wilgus, Col. William Bennington’s “Masterworkman,” Oliver Abel Jr., architect of Green Mt. Parkway proposal, 9:35; 16:6 - 17 19:16 Whitefield, Rev. George Wilkie, Wendell mentioned, 5:9; “the great awakener” sketch, 21:28 mentioned, 18:11 Whitfield, Harvey Amani Willard, Emma The Problem of Slavery in Early Vermont, 1777 – founded Troy Female Seminary in 1821, 21:19 1810: Essay and Primary Sources reviewed by Noah Willard, H. A. Coburn, 14:46 - 48 patent for vegetable cutter, 12:53

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Willard, Henry A. Winslow, Madison of Westminster ran Willard Hotel in Washington, elected captain Company E, 10th Vermont Regi- D.C., 12:54 ment, 11:14 William Campbell Company Winston, Rick 1880s Bennington knitting mill, 12:13 notes, 18:5; The Red Scare in Vermont, 18:6 – 19; William B. Douglas Shelter notes, 19:5; The Role of Vermont Newspapers in Sen- Long Trail shelter mentioned, 14:33 ator Joe McCarthy’s Downfall, 19:22 – 30 William Gove Collection, Vermont Historical Society Winter, Michael photo cited, 14:29 New York criminal defense attorney, 15:31 William Moore house (1803) Winthrop, Elizabeth mentioned, 16:10 Counting on Grace, 17:45 Williams, Bob Wirtz, Willard Consolations on Seeing the Robin Go: Reflections on Secretary of Labor in 1960s, 19:36 Vermont History and Farmlife reviewed by Telly Witten, R. Marshal Halkias, 4:47 - 48 biographical, 13:6; review of Uncommon Law, An- Williams College cient Roads, and Ruminations on Vermont’s Legal His- mentioned, 14:36, 37 tory by Paul S. Gillies, 13:41 Williams, Hugh G. Wolford, Charles owner Big Boy Quarry circa 1920, 19:42 Killed girlfriend, Helen Kerenski, alias Jean Mack, in Williams, John 1948, 15:33 The Battle of Hubbardton: The American Rebels Wolterstorff, Robert Stem the Tide, 16:51 Bennington Museum director mentioned, 13:31 Williams Outing Club Women’s Relief Corps mentioned, 14:38 mentioned, 11:35 Williams, Richard Glyn women’s suffrage photo, 19:38 mentioned, 6:16 Williams, Rev. Samuel Woodbury, Urban Preface to the Natural and Civil History of Vermont, VT governor 1894 – 1896, 18:48 1809 Edition, 3:41 - 44; quoted, 11:46 Woodford, Charles Humphrey Williamson, Chilton mentioned, 13:45 revisionist Ethan Allen historian, 14:53 Woodford resorts Wilmington Railroad several descriptions 3:30 mentioned, 9:56 Wood, Hannah (1764 – 1844) Wilson, Bill Nathaniel Wood’s daughter, 16:31 - 32 co-founder of AA, 8:56 Wood, Nathaniel Wilson Museum associated with Newent Separates, 16:30 – 36 mentioned, 17:6, 21 Wood, Rachel Wilson, Pres. Woodrow married William Boutelle, 17:23 - 24 mentioned, 15:9; 19:18 “Wood scrape” Winchell, Justus events involving origins of Mormon church in Ver- mentioned, 16:35 mont, 16:30 Winchell, Roy or Ray or Raymond Wood, T. W. various aliases for Charles Wolford, 15:34 The Quack Doctor photo of 1879 painting depicting Windham and Crosby Foundations Montpelier scene, 17:32 mentioned, 2:39 Woods School Windham Turnpike mentioned, 14:50 in South Woodford, 2:8 - 17 Woodstock, Windsor Convention mentioned, 19:10 declared Vermont’s independence, 13:47 Woodstock Foundation Wingate (alias Winchell or Wallace) mentioned, 14:56 suspected swindler in Middletown, VT, 16:30 Woodstock Gallery Winooski River mentioned, 17:13, 20 mentioned, 17:47

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Woodstock Medical School World War II founded in 1835, 17:36 mentioned, 17:8; 18:8 Woolf, Arthur Wright, Charles notes, 10:6; The impact of Interstates 89 and 91 on on scholar’s committee, 21:11 Vermont’s economy and demographics, 10:22 - 24 Wright, Frank Lloyd Woolmington, Robert E. mentioned, 18:34 notes, 5:5; review of Paran Creek Memoirs: North Wright, Samuel Bennington Stories by Larry Powers, 5:52 - 53; heads loyalist, 12:43 – 45 Fund for North Bennington, 13:31 – 32 writ of replevin Worcester County militia regiment to recover improperly gained property, 16:25 mentioned, 17:23 Wruck, Theodore World Craft Council Hoosick Town Justice 1933, 15:29 biennial conferences, 3:21 “Wyoming Bill’s Wild West Show” World War I mentioned, 14:40 mentioned, 1:18; 17:9, 16; 19:43; 21:35, 50

Y

Young People’s Dramatic Club Young, Charles Lowell Norwich club mentioned, 12:51 mentioned, 19:52 Yester House Young, Edward mentioned, 17:13 Night Thoughts cited, 21:21 Yiddish Young, Dr. Thomas daily Jewish language of central Europe, 19:47 Ethan Allen mentor, 14:52 Yoknapatawpha County mentioned, 21:48

Z

Zabriskie Gallery Zealand Valley Railroad venue for Pat Adams’ shows in New York, 20:39 mentioned, 14:34 Zealand Notch Zimmerman, Charles mentioned, 14:33 contributor to Wallace 1948 campaign, 18:14 Zouaves colorful infantry unit formed in Bennington, 11:13

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