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The Effects of Psychodrama Treatment on Levels of Assertiveness and Locus-Of-Control in Women Who Have Experienced Battering

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The Effects of Psychodrama Treatment on Levels of Assertiveness and Locus-Of-Control in Women Who Have Experienced Battering W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1994 The effects of psychodrama treatment on levels of assertiveness and locus-of-control in women who have experienced battering Jeanne Ball Burger College of William & Mary - School of Education Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Clinical Psychology Commons, Social Work Commons, and the Student Counseling and Personnel Services Commons Recommended Citation Burger, Jeanne Ball, "The effects of psychodrama treatment on levels of assertiveness and locus-of- control in women who have experienced battering" (1994). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539618778. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25774/w4-kjaj-h148 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced frommicrofilm the master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependentquality upon of thethe copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough,margins, substandard and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. 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Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 --------------·-------- Order Number 9429671 The effects of psychodrama treatment on levels of assertiveness and locus of control in women who have experienced battering Burger, Jeanne Ball, Ed.D. The College of William and Mary, 1994 Copyright ©1994 by Burger, Jeanne Ball. All rights reserved. UMI 300 N. ZeebRd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 ------------------------ --------··---~~- THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHODRAMA TREATMENT ON LEVELS OF ASSERTIVENESS AND LOCUS OF CONTROL IN WOMEN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED BATTERING A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the School of Education The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Education by Jeanne B. Burger May 1994 THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHODRAMA TREATMENT ON LEVELS OF ASSERTIVENESS AND LOCUS OF CONTROL IN WOMEN WHO HAVE EXPERIENCED BATTERING by Jeanne Ball Burger Approved May 1994 by Kevin E . Geof Chair of Doctoral Committee Charles 0. Matthews, Ph.D. Thomas J. War'd, Ph.D. ~[/ TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.....................................................V LIST OF TABLES....................................................vii ABSTRACT......................................................... viii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION............................................ 2 Statement of the problem......................................2 Justification for the study.................................. 2 Theoretical Rationale.................. 6 Definition of Terms.......................................... 13 Research Hypothesis.......................................... 14 Sample Description and general data gathering procedures................................... 15 Limitations of the study.................................... 17 CHAPTER 2. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE.............................. 19 Development of the theoretical concept..................... 19 Locus of control............................................. 26 Assertiveness............ ,................................... 32 Population of Battered Women................................ 38 CHAPTER 3. COLLECTION OF DATA.................................... 44 Sample populatiom............................................ 44 Data gathering method........................................45 Treatment method............................................. 46 Instrumentation.............................................. 47 Research design.............................................. 53 Specific hypotheses.......................................... 53 CHAPTER 3 (continued) Statistical analysis......................................... 54 Ethical considerations....................................... 54 CHAPTER 4. ANALYSIS OP RESULTS................................... 56 Sample description........................................... 54 Analysis of differences between groups..................... 58 Summary of hypothesis testing............................... 60 Other findings................................................62 CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSIONS............................................ 64 Summary of Findings...................................... 64 Discussion of results........................................66 Limitations ..................................................71 Recommendations for further research....................... 73 BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................... 75 APPENDICES......................................................... 84 A. Consent Form.............................................. 84 B. Demographic Questionnaire................................86 C. Psychodrama method....................................... 88 D. Leader Training ..........................................91 E. Letter to Colleagues..................... 95 F. Tables.................................................... 97 VITA............................................................... 104 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There have been many people who have supported me throughout this lengthy and laborious process. It has certainly been an act of co-creation. I would like to thank my committee chairman, Dr. Kevin Geoffroy, and committee members, Dr. Charles Matthews and Dr. Thomas Ward for their patience and guidance through all the steps of the dissertation. I would also like to acknowlege Dr. Christine Philput for her help in translating my data into comprehensible statistical analysis. My most heartfelt gratitude goes to my brother, Dr. John D. Ball, without whose help I would never have completed this project. I cannot enumerate all the ways he has generously offered his support, love and encouragement. His unfailing good-humor and non- anxious presence coupled with his knowlege of computers, the dissertation process and research methods have been invaluable. He is a gifted teacher and a wonderful brother. I also wish to give thanks to his wife, Bonnie, and his children, Michael and Taylor, for their willingness to let me take up his valuable at-home time. Another special thanks goes to my friend and colleague, Maryann Contreras. She has been with me every step of the process, from sharing in psychodrama training, to being a great playmate, to acting as a therapist for my treatment groups. She and her husband, Gene, generously provided beautiful office space for the treatment sessions. She has been an important part of my professional and personal life during the past several years. I want to express my gratidude to the psychodramatists who v were therapists for my experimental groups, Ellen Zaldo, L.P.C., Leslie Rosenstock, L.C.S.W., Judy McKinney, L.P.C., Diana Dunton, Phd. and of course, Maryann Contreras, L.C.S.W. Each of these good friends and esteemed colleagues contributed generously with their time, caring and skills. It was really the best part of doing this dissertation that we could have so much fun working together to help a deserving population of subjects. Special appreciation goes to my trainers in psychodrama, Dr. Ella Mae Shearon and Zerka Moreno. Dr. Shearon introduced me to psychodrama and provided a training session to help the therapists to use psychodramatic thinking and techniques with battered women. Zerka Moreno has served as mentor, theoretician and inspiration to me throughout the process. She has offered support and love with many acts of encouragement toward dissertation completion as well as toward psychodrama certification and personal development. A warm thank you is extended to all of the participating subjects of this study. Getting to know these courageous women has been a wonderful experience. Without their willing participation, there would be no study. Finally, I wish to extend my gratitude to my family for their continuing support and patience with me. I wish to thank my parents, David and Elaine Ball and my brothers, J.D. and Bill, for their unfailing love and belief in me throughout my personal and professional life. Special thanks goes to my children, Scott and Andrew who make it
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