- ,/' THI! ·cATHOLIC WORKE-R

Subacriptlon• ;vol. XX.VII No. 7 February, 1961 !lo Per Veu Price le ------·------""'!"------ON PILGRIMAGE AMERICA'S By Dorothy Day New Orleans, J'an. 27. I shall be here in New Orleans We are living In a Negro slum for two weeks anyway, guests of and going tG church in a little that most hospitable group, Car­ LOST PLANTATION church made from army bar­ ltas, and when I have finished an By DA VE DELLINGER rack!, and there ii a achool and here, I 1hall ao back to Pass convent built too. The Josephlte Christian (pronounced with the ac­ Not since I was ln Spain in Sep­ ly reassured about these questions, Cuba has gone Communist; Com­ priest lives in a tiny house next to cent on the last syllable). Biloxi tember, 1936, six short weeks after but I found a whole series of munism being an evil with which the church. He la Father Kenny. ls pronounced Blluckale. Then on the outbreak of the Franco rebel­ breathtaking accomplishments that they have probably had more di­ We are between Pleasure and through to San Antonio, Texas. .I.ion, have I been in such a heady are bound to have a permanent im­ rectly disillusioning experience. Humanity streets, on Feliciano In · I have made up my mind to stop atmosphere as that of Revolution­ pact on the imagination of future But to the Cubans, who have suf- · a section of New Orleans described only in those places where I am ary Cuba. For the second tlme in generations even if the United fered the indignities and abuses of as Gentilly Woods, but more ac­ invited specifically to speak be­ my life I have seen man's cynical States should succeed in destroy­ American d~lnation and Cuban curately described as the streets cause if I stopped in all the places and self-destructive inhumanity to ing them or if, in attempting to poverty, they • the drivlng force between the industrial canal and where we have readers I would rµan being replaced by the spirit combat counter-revolutionary pres­ fol"_the present revolution. To talk the city dump. Sometimes little never get to the West Coast. As it and practice of a kind of brother­ sures, Cuba should fall gradually to Cubans ts to be convinced that house are built on · the dump, is, here we are beginning Lent hood that is unknown to those of into the hanStaten Island we always us who live in a country whose olutionist" (o whom human beings fashioned after any foreign revolu­ again and again and the neighbor­ looked for the first signs of spring idealism is behind it and where are less important than dogmatic tion or from any Marxist (or antl­ hood goes around and acavenges on February 11. the "rights" of property override ideas or political control. Marxist) theory. It has been a na­ and gets food from some of the Lookin&' Back the rights of human beings. In all I spent· three weeks in tive response to the ugly realties best restaurants in town! One old But I must go back again and In Spain the Idealism was flrst Cuba, and travefled from Pinar of day-to-day life under the grip man mends broken chairs from the take up where I left off in the corrupted from within ·and then del Rio, in the west, to Santiago de of a nefarious comblnatton .( dump and sells them for fifty cents January issue. We stayed while destroyed from without in a bru- Cuba, In the east, a distance of American financial Interests alid apiece; families on the dump have we were in St. Louis at the corrupt Cuban ·collaborationists. no water so with their earnings as Rogers Residence for women, and In 1898, after Cuba had been acaven ers, they pay some other went to Mass every day at the col­ fighting for the greater part ol poor family with water, twenty­ lege church, which was always thirty years in what was rapidly five cent or so to do their wa h. filled and during which everyone becomlng a successful attempt t1> It b a little community ridden with seemed to receive Communion. I gain its freedom from Spain, the unemployment again, and there spoke Tuesday night at the F1,1sz United States stepped In and com­ ai·e always the unemployables. Memorial which · is the Scholasti­ pleted the military defeat of Span­ We arrived here on Tuesday cate of the St. Louis Province of ish forces in the ~estern Hemi­ from Natchez (rhymes with the J'esuits. There are many nuns sphere. The United States pro­ matche l and had to be guided and lay women at Rogers Hall. ceeded · to seize both Cuba and here from the Gentilly section oI We have met nuns and lay women Puerto Rico, against the wishes New Orleans, away to the east, by (Continued on l lge 2) of the people of these two islands M ry Linda Hronek who met us who had already formed the Joint Republic of Puerto Rico and. a~d dr.o\ e ahl!ad, past ltreet!t with Cuba was not even alloweil be - . tlie Ul t arltable names, Piety, Benefit, Treasure, Abundance. Ag­ Moving Again? present at the signing of the Peece riculture and Industry. One takes Treaty in Paris, and American the street car called De ire to get It was January two years ago military forces occupied Cuba for here (now a bus> and transfers to that we moved into St. Joseph's the next three years. During the Loui a bus over another little Loft and now we are looking for a military occupation, American cana I. The dumps are goftig to be place again. Early In 1960 there business interests intensified the process that had already been be­ filled in and a housing project was a violation agalhst us in the gun in the war-torn 1880's and built. New Orie 1s all below sea Building Dept. Our architect, Mr. '90s of proftteerlng on Cuban level, as everyone knows, and in Joseph, put in an application to misery, buying up the richest the graveyards, the dead are clear the violation. We hoped that opening the other stairway to the Cuban lands for a song. They alsG bur! in cement boxes above forced .through tneir own version ground. The French quarter was loft would be enough. of a Cuban constitution and ex­ But early this January the Bldg. the only part high enough to build torted the notorious Platt Amend­ on and when that was filled- up, Dept, told us that the violation ment (first drawn up and passed by another cily was built by pumping could not be removed no matter the United States Congress), under and draining fhe water off into what we did. The law Is that we which the American government Lake Ponchartrain and setting the can't serve the public on a third bad the "right" to intervene mili­ houses up on pilings which rot floor. Opening another stairway, tallzing struggle-for power between about seven hundred miles. I tarily in order to protect Ameri­ away and have to b ePlaced with putting in a sprinkler, or limiting can property and insure the stabil­ cement ones. You. can imagine the number of people would make the c 'ommunists (backed by and. made a point of tracking down eventually controlled from Mos­ every kind of opposition to the re­ ity -of Cuban payments to Ameri­ what the Negro quarters look like. no' difference. Even if we did all can Investors. E ven this largest colored housing the cooking on a flrst floor, still the cow) and the Fascists (backed di­ glnie (opponents are not hard to project in the world was faultily sitting room and clothes rooms are rectly by Mussolini's Italy and find) and spent houn at a time "Article III. The Government oi built so that the pipes buckled and serving the public and illegal on a Hitler'• Germany and Indirectly llstening to rellgous, polltlcal, and Cuba consents that the Uni tecl all plumbing had to be redone third floor. by the United States and England). economto objections to what ts State1 may exercise the· right t<> golng on. Before analyzing these intervene for the preservation of after a settling of the houses. We are making an appeal to the As a reader of the American press (and as a lffe-long student .of the objections, however, I would like Cuban independence [!], the main­ The Mi sissippl River, which Board of Standards and Appeals. It to summarize a few facts about tenance of a government adequate makes a figure S throuah New may affirm the Bldg. Dept. and deterlorat\pn and corruption of previous revolutions) I went to pre-revolutionary Cuba. Most of for the protection of lif e, proper· Orleans, as it does all the way force us to move. Or it might allow Cuba twenty-two months after the these facts are available In the ty and individual liberty, and for down through the country be­ us to continue in the loft if we installation of the revolutionary United- States, but my experience dilcharging the obligations with tween the states of Louisiana and open the extra stairway and put in regime, half expecting to flnd that Is that they do not weigh very respect to Cuba imposed by th11 Mississippi, is 4,300 miles long, a sprinkler. That would cost $4000 I had gone " too late" and would heavily in the thinking of the mi­ Treaty of Paris on the United the longest In the world, though or maybe much more. It's a lot to see that once again the Revolution nority of Americans who have States, now to be assumed and as the crow flies, if It had followed spend when we just rent month to (and the people in whose name it chanced upon them in some dull undertaken by the Government of that course, it would have been month. Besides, our bank account had been made) WH being sac­ history book or Iowa-circulation Cuba." only 675 miles. It ls a .mile wide Is only $3000 with the February rent rificed ·to the drives for power or publication. They do not Influence in some places and narrows to a and printing bills coming up. _"A Word from the Ambassador"' the sectarian pre-occupations of a most American liberals as much, hall mile at the mouth. It was dis­ The troops came back again ·For the time being we have handful of revolutionists. I knew for Instance, as do the charges that oovered in 1542 by de Soto, then from 1906-9, in 1912, and again in stopped the soup line for the that Herbert L. Matthews had 1917. (They have never left Guan­ again In 1673 by Joliet and the Bowery men. The quickest way to written: "In my thirty years on the priest Pere Marquette, and then tanamo, although it is clear tha.t have them with us again Is to find New York Times I have never seen Civil Disobedience they havf no legal right to be again in 1681 by LaSalle. These are a big ground-floor place 'for rent a big story so misunderstood, so Since Ammon Hennacy left on there.) After the last American Mark Twain's figures set In the and move there, office. and all if badly handled, and so misinter­ bis speaking- trip Jacques Baker milital'y occupation, the pattern of midst of the meanest anti-Catholic possible. Mostly we have been preted as the Cuban Revolution." and others have carried on the American control was well · estab­ writing I have seen' for some time. looking west of the Bowery so the I knew that a wide range of non­ picketing of the Civil Defense of- lished. For example, Ruby Hart He sounds in the opening pages of walk from the apartments won't be Communist observers, including fices at 55th and Lexington from Phillips, the current New Yo r:k this otherwise fascinating book like so long. But now we are looking Carleton Beals, I. . F. Stone, Leo noon until 2 p.m. (barring' rain) Times correspondent In Cuba, tells the founder of the White Citizen's east of Chrystle St., where there Huberman, Robert Taber, Douglas l\Ionday, Wednesday, and Friday in her recent book, -"Cuba, Island Councils (which took the place of are many Puerto Rican families. Gorsline, Lyle Stuart, and Robert until the next compulsory air-raid oI Paradox," of how President the K u Klux Klan) in hatred his Fr. Janir with the Nativity Mission F. Williams, had brought back re­ drill. We are calling upon 5,000 Machado, one ol the bloodiest of of Catholic . and Dr. Gross with the University ports that were at variance with people to refuse to take shelter Cuban dictators, was kept in office The upper part o.f the State of Settlement House are both In that the published repor ts of Cuban this spring at City Hall park.1 A long after he would otherwise Mis issippi, the bordering state. is neighborhood. emigres and American diplomats, bad law Is no better tban any other have fallen because "the Cha e calle'd tlu! Delta Region, and per­ Miss Day says that if St. Joseph business men, and newspapermen. bad thing, so along with St. Peter National Bank, with its influence haps ma ny thousands of years ago wants us to move he will find us a But I could not help being some­ we will obey God and refuse to In Washington, was determined It was indeed the delta, as we think place. He knows from experience what influenced by the persistent obey men. Come and picke~ a few- that President Machado should re­ ef deltas. since the river is con­ what it means to move into a reports in American papers of minutes at lunch time and get ID main in office so long as he ,.con­ stan tly di charging mud and ex­ strange area. Please pray that we growing dictatorship and "Commu­ step with celestial rather than tlnued to make payments on the tending the continent, so to speak. will follow 'his lead. nist control." Not only was I great- martial music. (Continued on page 4) THE CATHOLIC WORKER' February, Vel. XX.VD No. "/ February, 1961 Ma~ann at Newburgh. But there were 10 many engaeements ahead, we had to proceed on our way. We visited the St. Charles shrine of Phlllppine Duchesne, and then we went out to Old Monroe to BJ' AMMON DNNACY visit Mignon McManame on her rwllllahell MonthJJ' September to June, Bl-monthly July-Aucut far_m. She goes in to St. Louis The Jehovah Witnesses' have ficial knowledge of church hJsto17 ORGAN OF THE CATHOLIC WORKER MOVEMENT two or three days a week to work Issued a 48 page edition of their on the fact· that our Chu.rch haa PETER MAURIN, 1''ounder at the Pio Decimo Shop, but most AW AKE on '"The Catholic Church adopted many pagan pr actices. Aaaociata Editora1 . In the ~0th Century." A copy WJIS Likewise on the Trinity, Immortal­ JACQUES BAKER, CHARLES BUTTERWORTH, EDGAR FORAND, of the time she tries to stay on the farm where she lives very sent to me by a reader who asks roe ity of the soul, and apostolic sue-­ JUDITH GREGORY, AMMON HENNACY, RALPH MADSEN, KARL ii MEYER, DEANE MOWRER, STUART SANDijERG, ARTHU R much like a hermit. She has an to refute the charges against our cession, the Old Testament SHEEHAN, "ROBERT STEED, ANNE TAILLEFER, EDWARD Interesting habit of asking her Church. This edition ·goes to 3,125,-. quoted to prove that these ar e not TURNER, STANLEY VISHNEWSKI friends who visit her to read a 000 people and ls printed in 22 as we are taught. It seems that all Managi ng Editor and Publisher: DOROTHY DAV favorite excerpt from some book languages. All of their facts about they can get us on is that we call 39 Spring St., New York City-12 the Catholic Church are from priests, "father." Maybe that would Telephone_ CAnal 6· 9504 they nave with them on to a tape recorder, and then she plays these Catholic sources and fairly well only be a venial sin. documented. About all they say The Catholie Church and Freedom Subscription United ~tatea, 25c Yearly. Canada and Foreign 30c Yearly readings during her solitary meals. llubscrlptlon rate of one cent per copy plus postage applies to bundles of one The last time I visited with her I any well educated Catholic could Under this heading there ls a hundred or more copies each month for one year to be directed to one addresa. read aloud,_ to her a Jong excerpt admit as being true, but the Faith terrific bombarding of the Church­ from the pamphlet "On The Invo­ of the Church still remains, and the men and political dictators 1or •Reentered as second class matter August 10. 1939, at the Post Office deficiencies of Churchmen ls no their complicity. Our readers are of New York, N. Y., Under the Act of March 3. 1879 cation of ihe Name E1f Jesus,''" by a _monk of the Eastern Church. reason for us to become Jehovah familiar with what we have written .. Mignon, t oo, is a strong believer Witnes8e"s'. about Franco, Mussolini, and what in folk medicine, and she recom­ TbeooraeJ' Gordon Zahn has said about Hilter mended that I take vlnegar and I read the Bible six times In and the German hierarchy. He is water with honey for the arthritic solitary in Atlanta prison, and quoted in a later section of this pains Jn my knee. After a short Judge Rutherford of the JW's was booklet. Of course Pius IX was an visit we went on to Rhlneland in there also against the war. Anq ul!fa conservative and Piu XI said which we were anxious to reach yet I have more sense than to argue that Mussolini was "sent by Provi­ On Pilgrimage dence," and Cardinal Shu ter of before nightfall. It ls very easy with a JW. I have never met one Milan blessed the troops and said, ( Contin1.1ed from page 1) · ' travelling with a car, and we can who seemed to have any concep­ cover long distances between cities, tion of the Sermon on the Mount "The Italian flag is at thls moment who are studying micro-biology, food for it. But one of the mem­ but It always takes hours at the or of the idea of returning good for bringing In triumph the Cross of physiology and mathematics, and bers of the family was afraid that last to arrive at our destination, evil. They act somewhat like we Christ to Ethiopia." That is one political science, and one of the their little three-year-old child reason that Italy has the strongest especially when our friends Jive of the CW do bot for different girls we had met had been going might try to peL the rat, and thelr well off the beaten track in places reasons: they do not go to war, but Communist Party outside of Russia fo college for twelve years, taking fears being aroused, they diffi­ and China. Our Churchmen make Iike-Starkenburg, Missouri. Then~ they are not pacifists-they say tlme off every other Year to work. dently asked Blessed Martin if he the mistake of furnishing fuel for at Starkenburg is a lovely shrine God will do all this destroying It ls in\eresting to see the interest would not send a_mouse Instead. the Communist fire by upholding to Our Lady of Sorrows with a when the time comes, and going to ()f these science studebts in the Whereupon at the next feedin'g dictators and their exploitative replica of the grotto of Lourdes, war now interferes with their door Catholic Worker. One nun in the they were amazed to see a whole practices. Evidence of the "con­ with Saint Bernadette, an outdoor to door propaganda. Like us they field of micro-biology told. me that colony of mice run out to feed cordances" by which Hilter and. chapel, stations of the cross, and do not vote. They consider all the professors In her department from the plate which had been Mussolini were supported by the a shrine church In addition to the governments coming from the at the university were all unbe- put out for the mo n s t e r rat. Bishops ls given. This is only too parish church. Right now there is devil. God will establish a Theo- lievers and they told her that if Blessed Martin de Porres, the true. I do not doubt if Mr. Abrams they did believe and if they fol- South American Dominican lay who is qlfOted as not being able to lowed Christ, they could take no brother, was born of a Negro find a single priest who had other position than the pacifist one mother and a Spanish father, and HYMN TO THE SEA scruples against World War I in ()f the Catholic Worker. is usually pictured as one who Fish tell our roses there ar~ worms this country looked hard enough In Illy talks with Father Joseph loved all creatures, even the rats That circulate round the stem of the rose; he would find some, but of course Becker, who is a membei; of The that came around the store-houses Gales tell ou1· roosters there is quarter ., thP. majority did as clergy do in all Institute for Social Order, I was of the monastery. Where no rooster crows--; counh'ies: support the government, much interested to see that he is The nurse to whom we were right or wrong. now engaged in a study of the in- talking was very much interested Sea- lime paints- the innocent child; The section on schools deals al­ creasing unemployment in our in folk medicine, and told of an most entirely with what happened economy. It is getting too expen- anthropologist !riend in Pitts- Lightning on the sea, and the glowing deep in France. I am in no position to 1ive, he said, to hire the unskilled, burgh, who was starting a maga­ Outglow our candle, say whether this ls correctly given and with technological improve- zine called '"Health Folk Ways." Its light can only or not. In Spain the anarchist ments there is an increase in the She was an anthropologisLat the Tremble where sea-fires keep Francisco Ferrer was killed by the class of people who are becoming University of Pittsburgh. We our­ Drowned men's bones in charity State and tbe Churchmen for start­ unemployables. The cost to the selves could contribute a few folk Among mother-of-pearl,. ing a public school wh !!re more employer of workmen's compensa- remedies, such as milk from the Deep river dense with alter-symbols than one side of a ques(ion could tioDI, Insurance, pensions, even the mother's breast used to bathe the To our cities' towers, mystical sea be given. And where those clergy minimum wage, and limitations as infected eyes of children and the Voyages take to ride our monies are in power who can put it over to age, mape it too expensive to use of cobwebs to stop bleeding. On your wave! it is still done in many countries. hire the uneducated. I am going We learned the first remedy from "Convince our grasping powers There ls no indication that this to learn more about the Long- our Italian neighbor on Mott Of their jeopardy: reaching from would ever be the line In this sboreman's Union of the West Street, and the second from John Your timeless sea, time locked country. Coast and how they have handlea Filliger, our farmer at Peter Mau­ I.if eternity, we raise our sullen towers Catholle Chureh and Commnnism tbe problem of unemployment in rin Farm on Staten Island. To the headlands-of space, and reap only Obviously where there ls the their work which is incr.easingly The next morning we checked Blinding infinity- ' greatest poverty there will be a more mechanized. They have out of our very comfortable rooms Death without Jove. growth of Communist or other worked out this problem, it ls said. af Rogers -Hall, after Mass at the radical parties. Christian mlssi n­ One night we had a very good College church. There were many Gulls tell our roses as they drop aries corning from" capitalist coun­ meeting with Mary Buckley from other things I would have liked to Appetite cannot hold the life of the rose; tries sought converts in China for the Grall and some friends, one of have done in St. Louis. I . would hundreds of years and got few Calms tell our roosters there are dawns whom was the nurse who was~ak- have liked to visit other mem­ converts. It only took the Commq­ Even where no rooster crows •.. ; Jng twelve years to get through bers of our Cat ho 11 c Worker nists a few years to conquer the college. She told us of a miracle group. I would like to have seen Dolphins praise the lnnocimt child! country by giving the people land at Cape Girardeau, which ls a town the Carters wlto practice such and bread. It seems out of place in southei:n fllinois. She beard of hospitality not only to their Moonlight on the sea, and the glowing deep for the JW's to accuse the Catho­ this frortl a doctor at the hospital friends, but to the needy, and this Figure our candle, . ' lics of being friends of the Com­ in St. Louis, who told of this child in spite of a hard life of teaching Whose steep tongue1 munists. I suppose they speak of being brought up for examination and of ill health. I would like to Resemble sea-fire's keep those more or less captive Bishops for some disease of the hip, the have seen Luke Lanvermeyer who Of drowned men's bones in charity who support the governments of bone of whlch was constantly de- s1!ftered so greatly the loss of his Among mottl'er-of-pearL Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Po­ teriorating. There had been some wife a couple of years ago, and Walter Kerell lan·d. I did not know that the talk by doctors at Cape Girardeau who, aside from his daily work, 1 Vatican wanted to make terms with of another operation and the child has !ound time to cart around a no priest resident at Starkenburg, cracy later on and there will be no the Communists at Geneva in 1922 was being examined again In St. moving piCt\U"e machine to the and the well in the grotto, which exploitation and war then. They when they approached Chicberin. Louis beforehand. The X-rays and home of Invalids to show films was the answer to a prayer, has. base their belief& on scattered Maybe the latter felt .he could con­ the examination there showed that several nights a week, to whlch gone dry. So we were sorry that Biblical quotations which · groove trol the Orthodox Church as the nothing was wrong at all, but the the neighbors also come. I would we were not able to get some of into each other. Naturally when Czar had done, so why play around doctors back home testified that like to have seen again Father this water to which Lourdes water they point to all churches, includ­ with another group. Anyway noth­ all their X-rays showed a steady Elmer H. Behrman, who is the was added once a year. ing ours, as supporting wars and ing came of the meeting. growth In the disease. Th·e family director of a department of special To get to Starkenburg we had unholy governments that make Catholie Church and Morah was questioned and the story came education of the · arehdiocese, who to turn off the main highway war, they are speaking he truth, It would not be difficult to take ~ut that they )lad been praying to had done much for handicapped thirty five miles or so north, and and it is no wonder that churches any group of people in the world Blessed Martin de Porres. They children. I would have liked to some of the roads were newly which have given the minimum to over and pick out some awful had been making if novena to him, see Father Ong again, who covered with pebbles which made their followers and have com­ scandals as happening. And to ftnd and the miracle had occurred .. was the roommate of Father Tail- the driving difficult. They were mercialized their message Into a people of these groups deplored it. When the doctor in St. Louis ex- lar-d de, Cbardin in Paris. I would high roads with a deep gulley on worship of Mammon are losing This happens also to Catholics so amined the X-rays he said, "take like to have seen Father Higgins, either side, with no fence to give members to the fast growing JW's. why make such a big fuss about off these braces, there is nothing who has given Recovery Retreats, one a sense of protection, so that The first section tells of burning it? The acceptance of legalized wrong with the hip." The muscles and has worked with many Re- Jt was most difficult passing other Bibles this year in Spain, Puerto prostitution and gambling by of the leg had not yet grown. covery groups, and whose pam- cars. Rico and Columbia. This is what is Churehmen ls certainly not follow­ strong, and so the parents did not phlet on the subject has introduced We arrived as night was falling, done to any literature which may ing Christ. Whether the Vatican ls · know of the cure until they saw this group therapy to :;o many and had to use a flashlight to see cause members of the Church to a large stockholder in Monte Carlo, the child walk. The leg was still people who have been mentally or our way down through the valley fall away in these countries. That and also in the gambling at Biar­ thin and with no muscle, so she emotionally disturbed. And there and up the ·other side to the farm has always been done since lnquisi­ ritz and Vichy I do not know. I had to slowly begin ta walk again. is also in this city a priest whom where Ruth Ann Heaney lives with tion times. It was Protestant Bibles would not defend this investment. Some of the details of this story I have never met, a Father Dismas, !our of her children and with her that were burned; not Catholic Church attendance in South Amer fascinated us. While the novena who works with prisone1·s. I saw brother Richard Boylston from ones. There is no defense for such ica is very low and in many Catho­ was going on, a large rat appeared Frank Lakey only once; I would California who Is helping her build action by bigoted Catholics. lic countries it is mainly the wom­ Jn the cellar of their borne, which like to have visited 1.;lin and his up the farm. He has done a great B.1 quoting Jehovah and forget­ 'en and children who attend Mass. str1"1~f'f,, enouah did not teulfv family at bis home ~ ain. Frank .work th!'re re112iring fences. build- ting 'Christ it is easy in this }>ooklet I expect this anti-Cathofic edi- them, but they put out a plate of had spent _a summer with us at (Continued on page 'l>_ ' to confuse a person wlJo has super- 0(Continued on page 'l) I•

') February~ 1961 THE CATHOLIC WORKER tfonal Language Institute, spent a few days with w and helped to broaden our horizons with his talk Muslim Christian Pilgrimage Peter Maurin F arlll of travela in many lands where he BT DEANE MOWKU has done research in ways of over­ BJ' HERBERT MASON. At Peter Maurin Farm, the Dugan who are now in occupancy coming the l!nguage barrier which Dorothy suggested I write more lims (six of whom were lnvallcbl he regards as one of the - big the year my wife and I attended. weather-as ls usual with country and will be there for the next few for the CW on the Muslim-Chris­ months. But work, rather than out­ obstacles to world peace. Edward tian PARDON (Pilgrimage)- held an­ 1959) and Parisians (or others not people-continues to be a popular ings, is perhaps the most depend­ Lanwermeyer, who is from St. nually on or near the feast day of Breton) at the Plouaret station topic of conversation. We have had able antidote to tedium. Here at Louls and has heard Dorothy speak Ste. Mary Magdalen in a small hotel. Rooms in Prouar-et homes •o much snow that one would think the farm, John Filllger, Hans Tun­ there more than once, also spent a Breton village on the Cote du are provided. A dinner for thil the subject might become a little neson, Joe Roach, Joe Cotter, Bill weekend with us, and more recent­ Nord of France. group of about 70 is prepared by ly Raymond Whalen from Philadel­ 1tale, but it is still much discussed Keane and Andy Spillane are so One of the points of a PARDON the hotel; the dinner ls the last among us. The most vocal, however, phia visit~d. One Sunday evening faithful to the daily routine of work is to travel a distance on foot (as conversational function until Sun­ shortly after the New Year, we are those who would abolish snow and so resourceful ln finding It, on the Peguy PELERINAGE, Paris day noon when the Muslims pre­ were delighted to have Ed Barry U they could. "I detest snow," tha{ I think they must never be to Chartres, each May) and in pare a meal of cous-cous (the Mus­ and his son, Jim, come to see us. Molly Powers announced at the really bored. Yet there are books prayer for the renewal of faith and lim "rite of Abraham") to com­ They had driven over from their dinner table the other day after we and radios enough around for any­ pardon for the year's failures. memorate the PARDON's end. home In New Jersey and brought had had a fresh snowfall to add to one who wants that kind of enter­ One is dragged out of one's rou­ After dinner Saturday evening, the foot or so on the ground. Irving tainment. For Albert Check, who is tine, out of the doctrinaire, the the pilgrims visit their rooms and Daniels, Who is usually called still convalescing and much im­ "school," the weight of introspec­ make their way in buses or cars or, Shorty, ls heard to say frequently proved, the hours pass more pleas­ tion and self-consciousness, toward if possible, on foot the 4 or 5 miles that snow giv~s him the "jim-jams." antly both with the help of a radio the spontaneous, as Bloy said, to to the Seven Sleeper's Chapel for Even John Filliger, our farmer, and with watching and tending a "force ·light." . _ Vespers, which ls preceded in the who knows the value of snow to the ancient dolmen crypt by a Muslim littl indoor garden of potted The PARDON brings · out, of soil-"Snow is the poor man's prayer for peace: "O God, please plants, including a potted orange course, "native costumes" and a manure.'' be says-can be heard gather aU the children Of your tree and a palm which Jean Walsh certain number of onely or bored complaining about "that old snow." love . . .'' In the overfilled chapel sent him from Florida. Molly has a people hoping for dates. But the Some of our farm family are in­ arterwards, in the candlelight, a patchwork: q\lllt weH underway, uniqueness of this PARDON ls clined to attribute their aches and very beautiful chanting rises and and Agnes Sidney can always find the presence of Muslim pilgrims pain to this same snow. Nor is no one seems to stir; then the sheets that need mending. Tom who come from within France it­ there any doubt that so much cold pilgrims slowly emerge from the Cain has been repairing and re­ self or Algeria, Tunisia, · Turkey, and snow make for a more circum­ chapel carrying candles and walk finishing the outdoor Stations of Egypt. scribed existence for the older and toward the "Tantad," or bonfire, the Cross so that they will be This PARDON dates for the more l n firm. However, Frank where prayers are sung or said ready to put up when Spring Bretons themselves from the Mid­ Bourne, whom most of us call Slim, in Arabic, Kabyle, French, Breton, comes. Everyone, In fact, has some dle Ages and they, the hosts, form continues to enjoy the snow, even Greek and Latin and the Breton work-responsibility to iive mean­ the largest number of pilgrims, the shoveling, and can be found "Gwerz," a narrative poem about ing to his lifq and help ward off around 400. The PARDON's chapel, among the thickly falllng flakes the Seven Sleepers and . the boredom. Even Leonard, our her­ one of several In Europe and the laughing and feeding the animals founding of tlie chapel, is sung. mit, who remains rather a mystery, Middle East dedicated to the cult -the chickens, the cats, the neigh­ Clo 1959, Pere Bourdelles of Lan­ acts as barber to the men of our of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus ... bors' dogs ·who know who is their nion spoke the prayer ol ho pital­ farm family and to the Hughes' (Koran, XVIII, 74), ls founded on friend. and even the large Belgian lty in sadness over the Bretons• boys as well. It helps, too, that we an ancient dolmen crypt, a place hare which belongs next door but own hopes and disillusionments, don't all live under the same roof; of pre-Christt'an worship. Profes­ can often be seen chasing our cats the drama of their emigrations and there are the little cottages, seur Louis Masslgnon, a leading around eur backyard In playful their poverty, adding deeply how Leonard's hermitage, and the big orlentalist of the College de amity. To me, there is so much much these people can share witb old barn which houses several us, as a gift, another used car. Ed France and a frequent visitor to beauty in the snow, and so much sufferers everywhere; he cried out rooms for men, the chapel, and at is an old and good friend of several Brittany, together with Muslim variety in that beauty as sun or a moving appeal f or peace and love the lower level the stable for the of the men here who are always scholars was able to document• moon or mist or stars or cloud for all the pilgrims.) Afterwards, cow. glad to see him. Nor is lt the ftrst the history of this chapel and Its shadows blend and interplay with when the fire ls out, everyone re­ time he has brought us a car. We origin in the cult of the seven the whiteness of the snow, that I At the Catholic Worker we have turns in silence to the houses. are p-ateful. There have been • Christian l'(len burled alive in a cannot complain. though I know also discovered that hospitality is Early Sunday morning there ls number of others who have come grotto at the time of the persecu­ that Spring will come, u it always one of the more constructive ways a sung mass of the Melklle oriental for shorter visits, and we were par­ tions under the emperor Decius; does, like the unlocking of a prison of keeping things interestlnf. rite and everyone is invited. Un ticularly pleased one afternoon to the 1ever:i were seen emerging door, and I can sometimes be heard We have had visitors from 1959, the man was sung anti­ have Fr. Riordan of our own parish msny years later by Arab wit­ to mutter impatiently-"0 Wind, if more distant parts. Early In .Janu­ phonally by two priests, one from in nesses and were regarded popular­ Winter comes, can Spring be far ary, Mr. Solchl Kato, who ls a stu­ stop to aee us. Cairo, another, Msgr. Nasrallah, We are also very irateful to 'J'r. ly <11nd to the present-day) as pre­ behind?" dent at Columbia University and of St. Julien le Pauvre In Paris.) ftgures of the final Resurrection; Winter is also a time when those the representative of the Interna- (Continued on page 8) Again the chapel overflows, with the Bretons' own · pre-Christian who live in close community are the aisle crowded and liltle room seven wlll be "awakened" at the likely to find such close association left for the altar and the twG difficult. There is no denying that Resurrection .. In addition, there priests. ls an identical pilgrimage held. at we have our tensions, and that After mass, the pilgrims wait To The Beach the same time by Muslims in Setif, there are day.s when dissension and down the moor to the Stivel spring, Algeria. contention are too prevalent. But which has seven sources or streams BJ' STANLEY VISHNEWSKI - With the added awareness of the we have our antidotes. Of these, .... and is traditlonally credited with There are several methods of awed tone). And their look of Muslims' Ma.rial pilgrimages to prayer is most efficacious. Some ol having powers of healing blind­ getting to our beacll cabins from wonderment changed to 'praise and us go to weekday Mass daily or Ephesus, site of Mary's dormition ness. (Professeur Masslgnori said Peter Maurin Farm. The fastest admiration as I pedalled away, and where St. John (of the Apo.­ frequently; and we have Prime, his hope ls for cures ol spiritual way, of course, ts by car, •but for _ch a r g l n g them before I left calypse) and Mary Magdalen lived Compline, the Angelus, the rosary, blindness only.) A Carmelite me it is the least satisfactory. One with the sacred duty of reminding and the litany ol St. Joseph as part for a time, plus lbe call for spirit­ priest, ln 1959, stood on a bank gets there, it seems, before one their parents of the President's of our communal life. Laughter is ual fraternity between the peoples overlooking the spring and told arrives; the rapid transportation wishes in this regard. No doubt• . of these two faiths so urgently another effective antidote to winter us Informally some interesting does not prepare one for the but many a puzzled parent at­ grumpiness. Stanley Vishnewskl, needed in the face of the Algerian geological details about the change from farm to sea. I, of tempted to fathom the confused war, the historic ill-feelings, and who sometimes threatens to take streams and of identi,eal ones at course, speak only for myself. The remarks of their children about the new understandings tbat must oft for Spain or some such romantic the Setlf pilgrimage site. car does come In handy when it the patriotic duty of riding bikes. emerge, the pilgrimage expanded 1pot just to escape the tensions at Preparation Is made for the the Catholic Worker, nonetheless ls storming or when we have heavy But the most soul-satisfying to invite these "guests." The Bre· noon meal. Friendships are very tons, many of whose sons were does his part in dissipating those packages to bring to Marge Hughes method of getting to the beach, naturally made. And. after Msgr. dead or dying daily in Algeria, tensions by provoking at least one and the· children. Then too, some and the most time consuming as Nasrallah's prayer and the closing of the older people of the Com- well as the cheapest-or the m<>St made this hope of amity possible, hearty laugh almost every meal. ~ab prayer, the pilgrimage la Table reading helps, too. Recently, munity would never get a chance expensive if you place a monetary especially as there was no com­ over. 1ince Dorothy's departure on her to go visiting unless we had the value on your time-is by walking. mercialism surrounding their speaking trip, we have been read­ use of a car. I find that it takes about an PARDON and the, prevailing spirit •Lei Sept Dormant. D'Ephese ing her autobiography The LOng­ The bicycle ls much better if hour and a half to stroll thrive of their own poor people could be (AHL-AL-KABFJ en Islam et ea Loneliness, which, though some of one -ts not in too much of a hurry miles from the farm to Nazareth one of prayer rather than efforts Chretiente, L. Massipon. Ll­ us had read it several times was not and there is no howling North- and Maryhouse (as we have named to convert. bralrle Orientaliste Paul Geuth­ familiar to others in our com­ easter a-blowing. One can go ex- our beach cabins). But it is pos­ The PARDON itself begins each ner, Paris, ' vols.; 195~. 1956. munity. ploring the many sidelanes and slble by fast walking to do it in year with the arrival of the Mus- 1957, 1958. Personally, I t'lnd the book as little paths that dwindle off into less than an hour. Bot who wants interesting and lively now as when the distance. But a man on a bi- to set a record for speed? Instead, walking pilgrimage for peace sea smell compounded of iodine. I flrst read it. We do miss Dorothy cycle does excite the wondering ·by extra effort and persistenqe I across the United States while at salt, tar. If it is a ,.,;Indy day one but we know that she has an im­ comments of children. They stop am sure that I could do it In ftve the same time another group plans can hear the booming sound of the portant apostolate and pray for the and stare and in amazement com- hours. to walk across Europe and into surf racing upon {he sandy beach. fruitfulness of her work. Ralph municate to one another: "Look. The day ls coming when there Russia. In India Bhave walks from The beach is deserted now that Madsen and Ed Forand, who share a man riding on a bicycle!" will be a reaction to speed and viliage to village in an attempt to the winter months are upon us. the onerous responsibility of "run­ Once when - my bicycle was the attempt to race from one place get people to share their land with But all the summer months Marge nlng the place," often take Molly blocked by the sudden emergence to another. The time h coming their less fortunate brothers. Hughes was busily taking care of or Albert or anyone who wishes to of hundreds of school children I when travel agencies will adver­ The act of walking gives one a the many guests that came to go for an outing in the car when got off the bike and proceeded to tise that we positively guarantee chance to relish the sights and avail themselves of the hospitality they have errands to do. Not long lecture to the group of gaping and that it wlll take you one year to sounds of both the city and the of the beach cabins. ago I went along with Ralph on a curious children about the im- circle the globe or that y.our money country. One has the rtme to stop But It is only of people that the trip to the beach houses and portance of riding a bicycle. I will be refunded if we take you and linger to enjoy the starlings as beach is deserted. . It is full of enjoyed a breath of sea air and a mentioned the fact that the Presl- from New York to California in they swoop gracefully over the wildlife. There are plenty of look: at the sea, which ls always a dent (this In reference to Bicycle less than three months. Any form fields. One has the time to stop shorebirds and the seagulls come aource of renewal to me, and Week) had urged Americans to ride of speed will then be considered and pick up a . box turtle im­ by the thousands to feed on the afterwards ·a visit with Marge bicycles as a matter of improving as inimical to the spirit of contem­ prudently crossing the road and abundant clams and shellfish. Hughe which was pleasantly re­ their health-and Incidentally to plation. salely depositing him in the under­ Once in a while a flock: of crows newing, too. I was glad to find that boost th~ sale oI bicycles. In tflose days walking will come brush. By walking ona can enjoy fly by, but they seem to be ou~ Marge and all the chlldren--even The children listened spellbound back JntO Its own and people will the journey as well as the arrival. of their element on the shore pre­ little Johnny who had to have his as I told them of the wishes of the rediscover lhe satis!acti~n that The ocean comes upon grad­ ferring Instead the. shelter of the stomach pumped out after swallow­ President and that my riding a comes from walking. Perhaps foot ually as one walks towards it. One woodgroves. Marge reports a flock ing some of his brother's chemi­ bike was not an act of frivolity but pllgrl,mages will be revived and can sense the , immensity of Its' of Egrets taking up residence on cals-were well and undaunted by was prompted by the deepest there wlll be streams of pilgrims brooding depths by -a quickening the shore. · the snow. Marge had been h~lping motives of patrlotlsm. ("The Presl- visiting , one holy shrine aft~r an­ and a fresheqing of the atmos­ 'Qle sea itself Is. teeming with Ralph and Ed get the other beach dent told ~im to ride a bikel", I ·other. He1·e , Ip this country a phere. The smell. of smog and life and 1t Js ever mysterious and house ready for Kerran 'and Sheila overheard one child exclaim in in eroup of paclftsta are ata:rtinl( a smoke ls replaced by a refreshing (Continued on page 7) ,,.. .

Page Four THE CATHOLIC WORKER Februal"f, 1961

(Continued from page 1) the Income of the urban upper election to Congress. But the elec­ forces are training today with tng American enaineer, because he public works loans." (This did not classes. tions never came off. Batista used impunity (and with the encourage­ thought that the government even live up to the verbiage of the I saw with my own eyes the the army to 1;eize control. Fidel ment of our President-elect) and 11hould use the money in it& pro­ Platt Amendment, since Ameri­ miserable bohios in which l'lost of filed a brief in court, protesting the that a 11izable force of counter­ gram to help the poor. Then there can "property" was 'protected at the rural population lived and in violations of democl'lltic procedure, revolutionaries is receiving military are the thousand teacher volun­ the expense of Cuban "life . . • which many still live-wretched but Washington had already rec­ training in Guatemala in a heavily teers who went to the Sierras for and individual liberty.") Ant;l writ­ huts made from the bark of palm ognized the Batista dictatorship as guarded area that the Central In­ six month's training in the rigorou1 ing of her experiences with Batista trees, with roofs thatched from the "legitimate" government. When telligence Agency recently pur­ mountain conditions-without pay, (that "charming" man with whom palm leaves, and in many cases Castro's brief was thrown out of chased with a million-dollar ex­ without comforts, and, accordint .. be and the American Ambassadors with dirt floors. Many an American court, (where was the .American penditure of American tax money? to the terms of Castro's invitation, got along so well), she comments: dog lives in greater comfort. Less Ambassador, before whom Batista In December 1956, there were with the knowledge that they would "with Cuban officialdom trembling than thirty mHes from the pre­ "trembled in his shoes"?), he only twelve men in the mountains not always have enough to eat. in their shoes as to the final action tentious luxury of the Havana Hil­ turned to armed revolt. For the (sol survivors of a landing force of (After the training period, they re· which would be taken by the ton hotel (now renamed tbe next seven years of growing rebel­ eighty-two) heading up .the fight ceive regular salaries, as teachers.) United States, a word from the Haban.a Libre, and available to lion, Batista was supplied with mH­ against Batista. But as the struggle When I was on the edge of the Ambassador was usually sufficient, Cubans at rates approximately one­ lions of dollars worth of American progressed, Castro was joined by Sierra Maestras, at the bumpy end and the memory of U.S. interven­ fifth the former rates), even today arms, which had no purpose except more and more persons from every of the last new road under con­ tion in 1907 still gave an Ameri­ I saw peasants tilling the soil with to maintain his bloody regime. A walk of life. The intensity of the struction, I flaw a second lot of five can Ambassador considerable pres­ crude wooden plows, women carry­ permanent American military mis­ conflict ripped the mask off the hundred volunteers starting out. tige." ing pails of water down long dirt sion trained and supervised his Batista regime and revealed it to on foot and with packs,_to get ac­ When Batista finally fell, on roads, and oxen pulling home-made forces. When the Batista air force be 10 corrupt, bloody, and tyran- quainted wi~ the living conditiona -. america' s lost plantation

January 1st, 1959, sixty years of sledges or carts with home-made bombed the city of Cienfuegos In nlcal that all decent Cubans grad- of the people whose children they this kind of American control had wooden wheels. September 1957, killing several ually united against it, whatever were goin1 to teach. The day I left produced the following conditions: thousand Cubans with American- their political, reliclou1, eeonomJc, Havana, a brilUant young career Gamblinc and Prostitution a corrupt and parasitical Cuban made bombs, the United States Air or llOCial Iden. Castro had pre- diplomat in the Cuban State De. upper class lived ln fabulous lux­ Under these conditions, and be- Force officially decorated the sented the main outlines of his partment told me that he had just ury, mostly in Havana, while In cause of an a}most complete Cuban general who had directed program In 1953, in his famous volunteered to spend six )Dontbs in the rural areas, where the wealth a~sence of medical care of any the bombings. He had been a good "History will absolve me" speech, the mountains, under similar condi· C>f Cuba is produced, only four per kind, the death and disease rates pupil. after the attack on Montcado For- tions, while attending a llpecial cent of the inhabitants were able, were astronomical. In La ti n Since I have been back in the tress (now an impressive llchool, training llchool for diplomats. He for example, to eat meat. (This and America as a whole, according to United States, one of the questions which I visited), but it was inevit- said: "Castro wants the people who most of the following statistics a recent study made by the United I have been frequently asked ls able that he was joined by many represent Cuba abroad to be per­ are taken from a little pamphlet Nations, forty-four per cent of the why Castro rants and raves so relatively honest politlcian11 and sonalJy acquainted with the condi­ put out by the (anti-Castro) Buro children die before they reach five against the United States. I -think j~t plain decent citizens who were tions of the country we are repre­ de Informacion y Propaganda, Ag~ years of age. In Cuba, after sixty that 1f people would take the less interested in economic revolu- senting." rupaeion Catoliea Universltaria, years o.f lavisli American profits, of trouble to read the full English tion than in overthrowing the A&Tieultural Reform Havana.) Only 2.12% were able to those who survived, a dispropor­ texts of what he says (and to study stinking Batista. The later defec- The first revolutionary etep eat eggs, and less than one per tionate number of the girls fl)und the history of Cuba-United States tion of large numbers of these peo- taken by the new regime (which cent fish; only 11.22% drank milk, their way to . the' cities, where ·they relations), rather than get their pie was inevitable in the face of hit American& below the belt in and 3.36% bad bread. To put it became, at the ages of twelve· and impressions ready-made from the °Castro's determination not just to their sensitive pocketbook area simply, the Cuban agricultural thirteen, whores for jaded Amer­ commentators and headline writers, sweeten and legitimize the old and led to speedy political repris­ worker and his family lived on ican tourists. Meanwhile Batista they would find his statements re- forms of exploitation but to replace als) was the reform of agri­ beans and rice. In of tbe one and his henchmen grew rich from markably restrained and accurate. 'them with revolutionary economic culture. The Land Reform La\lt of richest farm lands ln the world, the "take" of both prostitution and Castro's speech t;o ·the United Na- and social forms. Once the victory May 17, 1959 pointed out ttiat capable of producing a variety of gambling. The National Lottery tions General Assembly is an ex- was accomplished, all of those "l.5% of the owners possess more bealthy foods, the interests of the alone earned a net profit of almost ample of a carefully reasoned whom the American press likes to than 46% of all the farm land of big sugar producers (two-thirds of 215 million dollars during the last statement that ls widely attacked call "original supporters of Castro" the· country" whereas "seventy per­ them American) forced through a seven years of Batista's reign, be­ by those who have not bothered to could not have united on any pro- cent of the farms occupy Jess than one-crop culture under which Cuba sides supporting, at the time of his read it. But in any' case, how many . gram-whether right, left, -or cen- twelve percent of the nation's farm bad to import seventy per cent of fall, 3,684 persons who rendered no the food she consumed-and under Americans realize the full fury of ter. The fact that Castro was more land • . . The existence of large useful service whatsoever. As the the assault that was levied against responsive to the needs of the easeholdings • . • not only run1 which a majority of Cubans could revolutionary government c o m­ not afford to buy the kinds of Castro by American-trained, Amer- peasants (who more than any other counter to the modern concept of mented, in the' preamble to its ican-suppl.ft!d armies? When Batista single group were responsible for social justice but constitutes one food that are ordinarily considered gambli11g reform , law: "the con­ necessary for the sustenance of made -bis last big attempt to wipe bis survival) and the poor than to of the factors that shape tbe un­ taminated millions of dollars of out the Castro forces, he sent thir- the hopes of the middle-class derdeveloped, dependent structure life. Little-discussed aspects of the gambling profits ·bad been used to "philanthropic" sugar quota n the world market; and 3) that in Reform of Gambling) As a sub­ guns. Castro survived because of of the peasants and workers whom tribution among the peasants and return for the quota. Cuba was stitute for the National Lottery, the rugged mountain terrain-and it has benefited, and that it would agricultural workers wti o have no forced to import foodstuffs from bonds are issued by the National because of the support of the over- be opposed Princeton University tives. vast majority of Cuban agricultural after the fifth year, at which time in ourselves· does not moderate Institute for International Social The Jaw declared an area of 68 workers were employed at most they ·be c om e interest-bearing. our expectations from others; on Research; in April and May, 1960, acres to be a "Vital Minimum" for four or five months a year. Under From the sale of such bpnds alone the contrary, it raises them. It showed that "opponents were con- a peasant family of fi ve and pro­ the Batista regime, the average ten thousand new houses were con~ is as if we wished to· be disaP­ centrated in Havana, and . the op- vided that the land necessary to rate of unemployment was one stl'Ucted during the first year. pointed with our fellow men. ' position tended tQ grow in pi;opor- provide such a vital minimum be man in four. This means that every (Cuba's-population is about six and One does not really love tion to income and age." [New awarded "tree of charge to tenant year unemployment was roughly a half million). This was two mankind when one expects too York Times, August 21 ) farmers, subtenant farmers, share- equivalent to tr.at of the United thousand more houses· than had much from them. Tbe thing that surprised and croppers or squatters." States in the worst year of the de­ been built in the year of heaviest Eric Hoffer, excited me · was the number of Provisions were made for th• pression of the 1930's. And there construction under 'Batista. I do The :{>assionate State of Mind. former liberals who have grown setting up of Agricultural Cooper• was never any "relief" or unem­ not have statistics for the first ten with the Revolution and enthu- atives "formed by peasants or agri- ployment insurance. m the Catho­ months of this year, but I saw siastically support it even though cultural workers for the purpose lic survey from which I have been bohios being replaced by INAV whelming majority of the sur- it means a lessening of the per- of utilizing the soil and harvesting quoting, 73 .46% of those inter­ houses, all over Cuba. Under the rounding farmers. But ls it any sonal incomes and privileges they its produce through t'h e personal viewed said that C1e thing they new law.a house which would have wonder that he has a somewhat might otherwise have expected. efforts of the members." wanted more than anything else cost $15,000 when built by private different attitude toward the "free" (The Princeton study found that The expropriated lands were ''in order to improve their situa­ constructors under the dictatOJ>£hip and "peace-loving" Am er 1 can "even among upper income groups paid .for in twenty-year bonds, tion" was "work." and would have required a $2000 "democracy" than do most Ameri- seven or eight out of every ten backed by the national government In rural Cuba before the Revo­ down payment and mm1mum can liberals? Who are we to object if continued to speak favorably of and bearing 4lh% interest. The lution, forty-eight per cent of the monthly payments of $54 is now he now tells the truth about Cuba's the regime.") As a somewhat ty11ieal valuations were based on the dec­ adult populati.on was llliterate. sold for $5400, with no down pay­ poverty under American domina- example of the spirit of idealism larations made by the oumen for Sixty-four per cent of the people ment and 'with monthly payments tion and about :i\merica's current that has caught up so many of tax purposes, a basis wbich en­ had neither indoor toilets nor out­ of $15.01. An interesting require­ attempts to overthrow him? these people, I can cite the Cuban raged the American corporations, deor privies; only 2.08% had in­ ment is that the payments must be In Havana I became ac- oil technician who told me without which had been draining huge door toilets, and 3.24% running made from the earnings of one's quainted with thre4:! different any self-consciousness (when I profits and dodging taxes for dec­ water. The average per capit.a in­ own labor. ' young ~en who' had been put in asked him, as I asked· almost every- ades. come in all of Cuba was six dol­ In 1952, Fidel Castro, ohe of a p1ison in' the United States, during one I talked•with, bow mueh money In my visits to cooperatives in ·lars per week-which, of course, series of Cubans who 'resented the 'the Batista 'd.ictatorshi-p, 'fo'r buying he was earning) that he1 had turneti if'inar-del Rio and Oriente, I found meant cons.iderably less for the conditions and was determined to guns for Castro. 'Is it lnso'lent ol down• a $200-a-month· inerease fn that Ufere · is· a wide variety of poor, since thia average included do something about thein, :ran for them to ·complain th~f anti-Castro-, salary, when he replaced 1 1depart· .forms and sizes, dependin& on the / ~ February, 1961 THE CATHOLIC ' WORKER Page Fwe -. agricultural conditions of the lo- always Jcoked to the blg man. We not have come, and that U it ever Icritical shortages in the Cuban which I visited for a day, and In cality and the desires of the mem- got to teach them to look to them­ happened again he would refuse economy, I remembered with other farms that I saw more briefiy, bers. Some cooperatives are under selves. Later on I go away. They to speak. "What does It mean," shame my conversation earlier In I 11aw seemingly endless fields of the direct supervision of INRA have to learn to do it all by them­ he said, "for the government to say the day with an American diplo­ healthy cotton in bloom. When I (the National Agrarian Reform In- selves." Before the Revolution, this that it is close to the people ii the mat. He had boasted that Castro asked the farm manager at the 1titutel, which appoints managers farm had been owned by a Senator people have been divested of their was losing his popularity in the cooperative how soon the cotton and provides agricultural experts. (most of the Batista politicians arms before the members of the cities because of the shortages of would be ready to harvest, he Others were formed when groups were businessmen-profiteers of one government meet with them?" -eggs, potatoes, beans, bacon, etc. replied: "I don't know for sure. of peasants got together to set up· kind or another), who lived in a Many in the audience tried to Actually the American government We never grew it in Cuba before." their own <:ompletely independent state of luxury which contrasted shout him down but he in isted was doing everything it could to Unfortunately, m y newspaper cooperatives, and for these the only sharply with the squalid poverty of and insisted and it was clear that create these shortages but so far friend, whom I met again in Ori· connection with INRA ls that they his workers. Now the manager Is he had not struck a very popular they had not bad the desired effect. ente, spent only one day there, in rent machinery from it (at the a gnarled worker who labors in note. . As I listened to Cast"ro speak of the largest city, where he had a simple cost of a day's wages for the the fields along with everyone else, Castro made a closely reasoned. toys from Japan and foodstuffs conference with a North American operator), or secure credit, with and feels the same sense of par­ address, combining careful logic from Canada, I wondered if the banker and another with a North the only restriction being that the ticipation in a great Revolution and deep emotion. He made no American papers would carry bead­ American diplomat. credit department of INRA in- that the others do. use of the tricks and artificialities lines that Cuba had "gone capital­ In addition to hearing Castro spects their books. In all cases, I found a ·Similar freedom from with which speakers often seek to ist" to match the headlines that speak, I heard two persons Imitate there ls a fantastic contrast be- the artificial distinctions of class win or hold their audience. Theie she ha

.- THE CATHOLIC WO·RltER counterfeit o-r tHD8Ceftd the or(-1- nal. Scott-Moncrieff hu done ..thb c ·LAUDEL for Proust. Gerard de Nerval for Goethe. Here thl1 sub1tltutlon has ·CUBA BUAK AT NOON - THE TID· ones her own blue eyes that lep­ not been performed and some (Continued from page 5) INGS BROUGHT TO MARY. rosy has eaten away. Then Mara idioms, too literally translated in the Break, are quite awkward. But eighteen-inch cigar and doing ex­ money with him Jf he emigrated to i.e Pariare Mldl-L'An- pushes her sister into sand-pit 4• a can we blame Mr. Fowlie who aggerated imitatlona of Castro. the United States but who had .a•unce faite a Marie-Two Dra- from which a'he will be rescued shows himself to be so sensitive Although the serious imitation worked out a 1ystem for supplylofl nus lty Paul Claudel. Tramla- by her home-bound father, Anne, an Christian in his Introductions? by the young demagogue had fallen an American business man with who bears hit daughter back to flat, the often-repeated burlesque pesos on the black market in return Uona and lntrodacttons by Wal- die consoled by the choir of angels No, it must be Claudei.'a triumph­ fauld! His great chant, the play evoked wild enthusiasm from for having money deposited to hl• lace Fowlie. Repery, Chlca,ro. and the voice o! Jacques w}lo hesl­ ant within the play upon words, the everyone, including the young credit in a ba.tii in the United BM-iewecl "by Anne Taillefer. tates between the wife of his tles~ sublime puns leading from the na­ director of the Cuban Institute for States; the owner of two apartment Carnal sin preclpated the Purl- and that of his spirit. He tu.ma tural to the supernatural are im­ FriendshiP with All People, who houses who in March 1959 saw his back toward life Violaine enters rode sitting on the spare tire. One rents cut forty per cent by govern­ tan from his angelic pede tal. He aa possible to convey in another lan­ could hardly imagine a similar suc­ heaven. guage. The French will never read ment decree and then had to suffer will either justify it or roll into cess if an American guide in Wash­ the indignity of the Urban Reform This ls Christianity. Yse has be­ Shakespeare except in English; the mud. Imagine however a real ington did caricatures of a speech law of October, 1960, under which come both Mara and Violaine; the English-speaking people will never Catholic. Mesa, smug, bourgeois, by Eisenhower, or if a guide at the he receives a guaranteed income spirit of Eve and Mary share the know the honey of Yse's tresses sell-satisfied, freshly released Vatican burlesqued the Pope. Yet of $450 a month for life but loses world; the Church builds hj.gh-a floating on the wind or the cruel from a monastery where he had it was clear that the clown and his tiile to the property, "ownership" hoped to stay for life. On the high leper since spirituality exiles from am~ exalting canticle of M~sa the company of men. Violalne and fellow-guides had a deep emotional of which is being transferred to seas, on his way to China, he (omitted in t111s translation) but at loyalty to both Castro and the the occupants of each apartment, meets a beautiful woman, Yse, de­ Pierre 1ubmlt to the will of God. the source itself. Barring this, the The poet's nostalgia had yet to Revolution. in return for rent payments for sirable and desiring, with her hus­ force of the theme, the impact of the next ten years. band de Ciz and her ·lover Amarl­ Invent Rodrigue and Prouheze, the characters and Mr. Fowler's DluaUsfactlon with the ric. A deck-chair rocks shaped heroes · of t he Satin Slipper deep knowledge of French and ReYolutlon 2. Communism. TheJ1e people usually began by telling me that like an omega. Perhaps at this who, refusing the cup, chose th~ English, his ~tensive study of the If Rome was not built in a day, they had been for tbe Revolution hour or high noon lives will di­ will of God, the will of the saints. subject, are highly to be com­ Utopia has never been constructed at the beginning but are again t vide, take a direction which no There are some translations that mended. during the entire history of the it now "because it has become English word can express but that the French word partag-e (a deci­ human race, and, being acutely Communist." When I questioned sion self-wllled yet inherited) conscious of this fact, I began them, no one was ever able to sup-­ painta perfectly. early In my visit to seek out the ply any tangible evidence of Com­ ALITILE MAN beneath-the-surface realities which munist infiltration or control, but The bachelor Mesa will know I knew must either counterbalance each, in his own way, told me a By KAKL MEYER passion, surrender, the death of the inspiring achievements of the personal story similar to those egotism. he will kn.ow jealousy Revolution, or at least thre11ten above. To them the limitations on and loss. The fire kindled on the In The KlD&" of the Golden Rlnr, a story by John Ruskin, the wicked Black Brothers are visited by a little old man who brings them ruin their continued existence. My personal exploitation and gross in­ ship will bur t into flame at an search brought me in contact witlr equality are communism, and who assignment in the old Chinese because of their cruelty and greed. The picture of the little man, dozens and dozen. of oppositJonists, is to say that they are not rigtit? cemetery. among heathen tombs. as described by Ruskin, has stood in my mind for many years, -ever mo~t of them open and outspoken But u so, it i a communism closer Blasphemously before a broken since I read the story when I was a child. The Black Brothers are the but some of them members of a to the teachings of Jesus, Francis the only one, oath of 11.­ cross, an richesCmen in the whole countryside, and also the least hospitable. clandestine group who, to ·my of Assisi, Tolstoy, and Gandhi than deJity to unfaithfulness will be They pile up their corn and their gold, but the poor and the hungry are amazement. went so far as to praise to the ideology of Stalin. As I saw awoc11. Seven year-s later at mid­ turned from their door. Their younger brother la generous and good, Batista, albeit cautiously. During the pragmatic attempts of the Rev­ night, elose together in a chinese but when they leave him to watch the house, they always instruct him, my first week in Cuba, I talked to olution to feed the hungry, clothe cl1air llhaped like an omega, the upon pain of a beating, to admit no one. In the midst of a howling thirty or forty opponents of the the nalced, care for the sick, and lovers will die together in an storm, he hears a knock at the door. From the window he sees a little reg i me, and found that all fell educate the illiterate, it seemed episode c>l th!! Boer War. Facing man whipped by the wind and the rain, who begs to come in for a under one of three general classi- appropriate that one of the slogans night, facing death, the would-be moment and warm himself by the fire. Despite fear of his brothers, the ti.cations: 1) American1 and a small I saw displayed most frequently pde t flnds in the great wound young ooy opens the door for him. He is a short man, about four feet group of Cubans who benefited was: To betray the poor b &e be• of •uUied human love the door high, with a pealced hat and a very long cloak. He is so drenched that from American hegemony (some tray Christ--.;F'idel Castro. To some that leads to God in devouring all the while he is there water rUns in streams from his cloak and pimps, bartenders, waiters, taxi- of the upper- or"middle-class "vic­ tb.iNt. The woman, passionate spreads in puddles over the floor, sizzling in the fireplace. Nevertheless, drivers, and owners of luxury tirns" of the -.Revolution, it is in· and uBappeased, b~arlng children when the Black Brothers come home and find him there, they treat him shops catering to the tourist conceivable that people like them­ all to three men, betraying them rudely and drive hlm back into the storm, and beat their younger trade); 2 ) business men, land- selves should be deprived of their all because of her torment will brother for having admitted him. But the little man returns late that lords, and aome professional men "right" to enjoy the surplus re­ f@llow the light borne by Mesa: night riding a hurricane that devastates their farm and leaving behind ( who prior to the Revolution, en- wards of owneyship, investment, -eooverting him to passion, he will a calling card that identifies him as South West Wind, Esq. And this joyed special privileges far in and special training in order to -convert her and holding high his little old man penetrated deeply into my mind as an allegorical repre­ excess of those enjoyed by their assure "even the least" of their hand she will enter death to face sentative of justice. American counterparts); and 3) brethren · the minimum-decency the answer of the great riddle. This certain Catpolics. level of work, food, shelter. cloth- ts the Fall re-enacted: "And they In our neighborhood lives a sqiall, rotund man of ruddy, amiable face, who has stood o.n the corner of Clark and Oak · at his newsstand, Strangely enough, these people ing, and medical care. Since most uw that they were naked." Ignor­ did not voice several of the objec- American liberals find real eco­ ant, presumptuous, insatiable yet under a drooping hat, through many a storm and long cold winter days, malcing a poor living as best he could: From the time when I first saw tions most frequently raised in the nom1c sharing similarly distaste­ strangely innocent of this passion United States-the summary ex- ful it is perhaps correct for them that flows In their veins and is at him there I have been struck by his resemblance to this old Image in my mind, as though I had known him from my childhood. ecutions, the failure to hold elec- to condemn the Cuban Revolution. the same time their doom and their Hons, deprivations of civil liber- But if so, they should at least rea­ Only after our Lemont went to work with him at the newsstand, salvation. at least they have good ties, and the alleged lack of free- lize what it Is they are oppo ed to and later joined him in buying it from their employer (see the Catholic will. dom of the press. Their objections a_ud not think that they are stand­ Worker, October 1960), did I learn that his spirit and his ideas are tnie The Partage de Midi, written bolled down to two: "You can't ing idealistically for the protectio11 to the image. It ls, In fact, an image like that I have of Peter Maurin, first. was staged last because It is make money any more" and "Cuba of the "little people" of Cuba · a pelican's least. The first act on for he re1>embles Peter in build and dress, and like Peter he is a poor has gone Coffil!lllnist." I want to against the encroachments of a ship was liv~ by the young con- man and a working man~ who has travelled the country the hard way, evaluate each of these objections tyrannical state. 11ul Cla11del on his way to China, on the rails and "on the bum. In more recent years he worked as a rag­ briefly, including the four charges There is no doubt that In the picker and collector of scrap metal, and now he works at his newsstand thr ough his 'meeting with the beau­ which are raised in the United cities many "little people" have tiful wife of a well-known French long hours with small earnings, and lives according to those means. States but. apparently are not con- suffered economically because of civil servant. The dramatic lo It is his gentleness and kindness which particularly mark him. He ls sldered relevant in Cuba. the absence of the free-spending between them, the magnanimous a man of the Beatitudes. He lives in a furnished coom with a small dog 1) You can't m . 'legally 11r0hlbitecr from tak.lna his February, 1961 THE CATHOLIC WORKER r.,. .sne. America 's Lost PlantatiOii To The Beach (Continued from page"t) 1D0Tlcl, we art holding our o1Dn is more apt to come across antl­ fContJuued from Pate I> position • • • The tremendous Castro and anti-Communist litera­ I belin to wonder about other •• one walks along the Udeline destroyed In an atomic :holocaud. problem faced the world is that ture than the average American is thJnp they say In those papers." bl/ one wonders what treasure will be I am sure that many would perisll it haa been placed in a position to chance upon pro-Communist or "That'• right," chimed Jn hi.a cast ashore by the next leaping for lack of simple skUis of wood­ where it must choose between capi­ anti-American material. Various friend. "Thls Revolution helps the wave. Christopher Lailg, 13, a craft. The museums, with their talism, which starves people, and Cathollc groups publish a wide va­ hmily, and that la the opposite of friend of Jimmy Hughes, managed exhibits of primitive art and' cul­ communism, which resolves eco­ riety of "subversive" periodicals Communism. Don't forget tbat to rescue a 7-foot~long 300 pound ture, wouid prove to be invaluable and pamphlets, which are available F.ngland trades with Russia and nomic problem! but suppresses the dolphin that bad been washed up in such a situation. in newsstands, bookstores, and China, and no one thinks England liberties so cheri&hed by man. Both on our beach. It was 1inally trans­ Cubans and LatinAmericans cher­ from hawkers in the streets, as well The beach, after the storm, pre­ is Communist. If we hadn't bought ported by the police to the New sented a strange sight. The entire from Russia, everything would be ish and foster a revolution that as Jn the churches. The New Y'erk York Aquarium where from last Times, the Miami Herald, Time, expanse of the sandy beach which at a standstill. That is what the mav meet their material needs reports it is doing .fine. _ Life, U. S. News and World Re­ only the other day had been clut­ United States wanted to happen, without sacrificing those Liber­ ties • • • That is wh11 wt! have said port, :Readers Direst, and other In the grip of the waves rolling tered with debris was swept clean bu.t we would have been fools to as though by a gigantic broom. that we are one step ahead of the publications circulate freely. Bla­ back and forth and never seeming le tt happen." to make the safety of the shore The boys were able to ride their Tight anI the govern­ and frolic. Item: tin cans of all upon them or copied; and ours is any censorship o! any kind. Wben in a spirit of abandon. There as ment. By May of 1960, the Texaco shapes. Item: rubber balls bobbing an autonomoiu Cuban revolution I suggested that he must employ a large part of a pier that must plant in -Santiago de Cuba was re­ up and down in the waves; they have weighed over a ton. And I The real threat to the United sel!-consorshlp on the basis of fining only_ forty-five hundred bar­ what he knew could get by, he vig­ are iUlsinkable and no doubt art! am sure that it will remain there rels of oil per day in a plant whose orously denied. this. "Under Batis­ the harvest of the thousands of as it seems to be an impossibility capacity was twenty-five thousand ta," he said, "when we had official balls lo t by children in the city (without cranes) to move it. There barrels. When the Castro govern­ censorship nearly all the time, I streets. It seems to be their !ate were several boats that had been ment tried in desperation to buy learned how to censor tlle copy to play in the brief Interval be­ washed ashore and one boat wa1 crude oil on .its own, all sources myself in advance because I found tween sea and shore. It ls the completely damaged beyond re- were 'hut to it except the United that otherwise we just could not dance of the sea. pair. Arab Repuplic and the Soviet Un­ (Continued on page 8) We are indeed con clous of the ion. Nonetheless, the first arrival weather and the storms here at of a Soviet oil tanker In Cuba was the beach and the farm. We ob­ widely cited in the United States serve the cloud formations and a conclusive proof that Cuba had INTHE note the rise and'1all of the smoke ON PILGRIMAGE gone Communist. When TeXAco from the housetops. We observe· I Continued from page 2) continued its program of economic the ring around the moon and the Ing beautiful whlte gates and put­ "'arfare by refusing to process the MARKET colors of the sky in the twilight. government oil, Cuba took over We watch the flight of the birds ting up new fences arOtJnd new the plants. Everyone knows that for a clue to Uie weather, and then pastures and malting cattle guards modern society cannot operate PLACE to be sure we turn on the radio on the wider roads around the without gas and other fuels but and listen to the weather reports. farm. It wu a joy to .look out few people stop to think of' such 0$Sible for it to show a purely tbing tt can to drive Cuba in a read lt. or would be too busy or The heavy cast Iron bell that and is buried in the little cemetery fictitious loss on paper on its Cu­ Communist dlrection, either to pro-- ignorant to notiee that there ever we use to swn~on the farmen next to St. Martin's Church. After ban operations. vide a pretext for suppressing Cu- was such literature printed. While from the fields began to mourn- a number of years, Martin Paul fully toll during the height of the was forced to leave the farm on Those who still think that Cuba ban humanism directly or because tblr booklet Js more mild Jn tone revealed herself as Communist it ls only too anxious to prove to than much of the JW literature, storm as it sounded without bene- account of the illness of bis 'wife fit of human bands. Then the and they are now living in nortb­ when she entered Into trade agree­ the people of other Latin Amen- there ls this intense hatred on the porch screen began to emit a high ern Michigan near her family, so ments with Russia and cru.n.i ean eountrles that their only choice part of the JW's for the Catholic shrieking wail the wind poured that they can have the help her-­ a'bould recall how the United is between capitalism which Church In evidence. Anyone seek­ as o{ through. parents with their children. Ruth States and England allied them­ starves them and "the Communist ing to follow Christ would not be aelves with Stalin when they were state Cwt)iehl by lte totalitarian.. attracted to a reUgion based on The lights and the power went Ann ls alone on the farm. She bas locked in conflict with Hitler. For concept sacrifices the rights of hatred, so I cannot see where any off ·during the storm and we had good neighbors and she has bad jive years American political lead­ man." Latin America is a vast, harm can come to us il we would to revert to nndle light for our the helR of good brothers whet have ers and publicists had nothing but largely undeveloped region with lose a few 2% Catholics. The illumination. (Though someone re- taken turns to be with her. Ber praise for the newly discovered rich resources in metals and oil Catholic Church ls also the marked that as Christians the light boys are now ·14 and 16 years old democracy and freedom In the So­ (both sorely desired by the Ameri- Church of St. Francis of Assisi, &hould have come from within). and can do anything on the farm, viet Union. Today tiny Cuba is in can military mach\ne) and in agri- St. Martin of Tours, Joan of Arc, The radio and the phone was sil- and her girls are good companfon1 - a position similar to that of the culture (highly profitable to Amer- of the Orders of men and women ent. We were eut off-from the rest and good help. It's always a lovely United Sfates and Britain during ican investors and absentee owners of Charles de Foocauld, and of of the world and were forced back experience to visU with them and the war. The United States is ad­ so long as it is organized for the thousands of fine nuns and priests upon our own resources_ It made life is arranged very comfortably mUtedJy trying to isolate and over­ export market rather lban to feed who really sei;ve the poor. Politl­ me wonder bow many of us would although they have none of such throw ttie Castro government. The the people). Already American cal clergy uniting with such men be able to wrvive if the power conveniences as central hutblg more scandalous of its methods are trade with .Latin America is larger as Franco are not the real Church. and machinery of the world was and central plumbing. There is a wood fire In the open fireplace of withheld from the American peo­ than witb any other region of the the main room which u large ple-and even from Congress­ world, and American investments enough for such a meeting as we just as the facts of how the Central are greater there than In any other "The most quoted weekly in America" had on Saturday afternoon, where Intelligence Agency overthrew the area. The United States has the three famillel with all the1r chil­ Gemocratically elected government same stake irt Latin America that France bas in Algeria and Belgium THE COMMONWEAL dren gathered together with the of Guatemala in 1954 were denle'd It • Heaneys and with me to discuss at the time and have only recently bad in the Congo. is trying wit,Jl similar desperation, dishonesty, A Catholic we ..ly 111agmlne whicli declls directlf with th• lu11e1 of community for families. I had been admitted, in part, in the heat . the dar -4 attewtpts potitlve, ~oncr efe 1119g.estlons, compereat nalua­ ju t received the latest new etter and confusion of ttie PresidentW and disregard for the natives to tlo111 of c.rre•t boob, plays allel moYles. from the Taena Community in campaign. American policy leaves turn back tbe clock of history. It England, situated next door · to Cuba no alternatives except eco­ will not succeed, but if the Ameri­ ' Prinknash Abbey, in Gloucester, a nomic and political collapse or can people continue to be duped 17 Issue~ for $2 ---- community which has. in pired closer alliance with the Commu­ by the lies and pro·paganda of their For Hew Subscribers bi-partisan press and government, many Catholic families with a cle­ nist countries. This will make it la recnt weeb THE COMMONWEAL 11as pllblilltM •tidft ucli a s.ire for just such an experiment_ harder for Cuba to maintain her it may succeed in suppressing these: Jeaa Daalelom Oii "Hoia- ond tlie Clarutioa," J•r- G . ICerwi• The Sebergers, Linmenkamps, and Jndependence and follow the revo­ revolutionary humanism and forc­ Oii "Tlie Chrch•lld th• Stote,'' Lowrffce T. Kl11g oa " America's Po or," Rudolphs all came with their man lutionary path she is tryfog to take. ing Cuba and the rest of Latin Arthar Moore om " Protestonts and a Cafliofic President," Nat Hentoff children, and despite threatened Eight months after the advent of America into a totalitarian form of socialism. · - " Req•iewt for a Jaa festival," lobert J . l arwelt oa "The Poor Pro· snow, it was a Jovely midwinter the Revolutionary government fessor," Edw• 4 I . Golidr en " Castro a11d the Nn tnrh," lob Seitser Oii Freedom of the Press. Any hon­ picnic. fary and I set off before Castro reiterated Cuba's position; "The Negro Awali"illCJ ," HCI JaBlff La- MC• oa "The kon4ol of est observer in Cuba, hatever his N- Orr.-." the others to get a good start out Standing between the two po­ sympathies, must report that there of the backwoods and difficult litical and economic · ideologies has bfien nq t cen orsblp of the THE COMMONv,1EAl, 386 Fourth Av•., New York 16, N. Y. roads before niebt ~elJ . or positicrns being· debated in.J he press and that the average C,uban Te lte eoatinued ' THE CATHOLIC WORKER February, 1%1. CUBA. Garth Newydd Community House forward and begins to tion about the farm. We think the In December of 1958 a statement ln the house, the firm of Mitra (a Elections, Civil Liberties, Execu- study and develop methods of non­ best way to find out is to come and of basis was drawn up. This states Hindu word meaning friend) Pla&­ tions. I found no interest in hold- violent resistance. (One aspect of see. The address ls 469 Blooming­ in part . · · "we are united in the tics, Limited, makers of Mitraglass ing elections in the near future, this would be to stop the execu­ dale Road, Staten Island 9, N.Y. We feeling that there ls purpose in corrugated shee~ for roofing and among either supporters or oppo- tion of counter-revolutionaries, a the universe, that all forms of construction, has expanded to nents of the regime. Everyone was penalty which ls reserved for those existence are inter depeqdent, that where It must now work out of a agreed that if elections were h·eld who have been convicted of mur­ all life is one; and this we Sf?e as former church hall, and employ Castro and the Revolution would der and which would win over­ a fundamental scientific a n d several local workers. Further wln overwhelmingly Obviously Whelming endorsement at the polls, ' spiritual truth ... the society that plans for expansion will be a boon this means that elections have no but which, if continued, will in­ we envisage- will provide a favor- to this town of heavy unemploy­ appeal to the counter-revolution- evitably lead to the devaluation of able environment for the spiritual· ment. growth of the whole personality ... aries, Who find it more advantage- all human life.) Close to Bhave ou to concentrate on getting Cuba has brought new freedom by embracing meaningful work, money and arms from the United and dignity to its people and en­ decentralization of economic and Besides the strictly vegetarian States. The only possible gain for i;iched the human heritage by its political power, a balance of indus­ meals, I also found the interna­ the ·revolutionists would be to pal- far-reaching economlc and social try and agriculture, communal tional flavor of Garth Newydd quite llale the United States, but so con- changes. Will the Revolution now ownership of land and other vital surprising and delightful. As they vinced are they of American 'be s9 ovex:whelmed by its struggle social wealth, and in fostering a have close contact with the Vinoba hypocrisy-and so anxious are they for survival against t11e rival en­ sense of trust1:eship in all its Ehave Bhoodan movement, the In­ to stand on their own feet-that ci;oachments of capitalist America aspects. ternational Work Camp Associa­ they don't appear to be even con- and the Communist bloc that its Common Purse tion and two pacifist groups, the sidering such a step. They point to progress grinds to a halt? Or will have only twenty-three acres, but "To make an effective witness to Direct Action Committee Against the experience of Guatemala, and the revolutionary enthusiasm of John Fiiliger-who may do even this ideal and to live out its im­ Nuclear Warfare and the Campaign feel that elections would not pro- several million Cubans continue to better this year with the good plications, we have established a for Nuclear Disarmament (several tect t'hem from America's evil in- add new dimensions to man's un­ help of Mike Bucsall who has re­ community house. It will be based of the members have been in jail as tentions. They have a strong sense derstanding of freedom? cently come to help with the farm on service, primarily with the lo­ a result of non-violent a,ction at one of operational democracy and con-