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The German Civil Code
TUE A ERICANI LAW REGISTER FOUNDED 1852. UNIERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPART=ENT OF LAW VOL. {4 0 - S'I DECEMBER, 1902. No. 12. THE GERMAN CIVIL CODE. (Das Biirgerliche Gesetzbuch.) SOURCES-PREPARATION-ADOPTION. The magnitude of an attempt to codify the German civil. laws can be adequately appreciated only by remembering that for more than fifteefn centuries central Europe was the world's arena for startling political changes radically involv- ing territorial boundaries and of necessity affecting private as well as public law. With no thought of presenting new data, but that the reader may properly marshall events for an accurate compre- hension of the irregular development of the law into the modem and concrete results, it is necessary to call attention to some of the political- and social factors which have been potent and conspicuous since the eighth century. Notwithstanding the boast of Charles the Great that he was both master of Europe and the chosen pr6pagandist of Christianity and despite his efforts in urging general accept- ance of the Roman law, which the Latinized Celts of the western and southern parts of his titular domain had orig- THE GERM AN CIVIL CODE. inally been forced to receive and later had willingly retained, upon none of those three points did the facts sustain his van- ity. He was constrained to recognize that beyond the Rhine there were great tribes, anciently nomadic, but for some cen- turies become agricultural when not engaged in their normal and chief occupation, war, who were by no means under his control. His missii or special commissioners to those people were not well received and his laws were not much respected. -
Friedrich Gottlieb Westphal
Register Report for Friedrich Gottlieb Westphal Generation 1 1. Friedrich Gottlieb Westphal-1. He was born on 09 Jan 1826 in Germany. He died on 16 Nov 1898 in Wisconsin. Ernestine Unknown. She was born on 01 Jun 1841 in Germany. Arrival 1883. Residence 1920 in Holton, Marathon, Wisconsin. She died on 23 Mar 1923 in Wisconsin. Custom in Preußen. Departure in Germany. Destination in United States. Friedrich Gottlieb Westphal and Ernestine Unknown. They had 7 children. 2. i. Auguste Westphal. She was born Abt. 1863 in Germany. Arrival on 05 Jul 1883 in New York, New York. Residence 1920 in Hixon, Clark, Wisconsin. Custom in Preußen. Departure in Germany. Destination in United States. 3. ii. Elise Westphal. She was born Abt. 1863 in Germany. Arrival on 05 Jul 1883 in New York, New York. She married Rudolph Hoeft. They were married on 30 Mar 1884 in Marathon County, Wisconsin. She died Bef. 1900 in Wisconsin. Custom in Preußen. Departure in Germany. Destination in United States. 4. iii. August Westphal. He was born 1866 in Germany. Arrival 1883. He married Martha Friedrich. They were married Abt. 1907 in Wisconsin. Residence 1930 in Holton, Marathon, Wisconsin. He died 1958 in Wisconsin. 5. iv. Johanna Westphal. She was born 1870 in Germany. Arrival on 05 Jul 1883 in New York, New York. Residence 1900 in Halsey, Marathon, Wisconsin. Custom in Preußen. Departure in Germany. Destination in United States. v. Albert Westphal. He was born Abt. 1876 in Germany. Arrival on 05 Jul 1883 in New York, New York. Custom in Preußen. Departure in Germany. -
How Britain Unified Germany: Geography and the Rise of Prussia
— Early draft. Please do not quote, cite, or redistribute without written permission of the authors. — How Britain Unified Germany: Geography and the Rise of Prussia After 1815∗ Thilo R. Huningy and Nikolaus Wolfz Abstract We analyze the formation oft he German Zollverein as an example how geography can shape institutional change. We show how the redrawing of the European map at the Congress of Vienna—notably Prussia’s control over the Rhineland and Westphalia—affected the incentives for policymakers to cooperate. The new borders were not endogenous. They were at odds with the strategy of Prussia, but followed from Britain’s intervention at Vienna regarding the Polish-Saxon question. For many small German states, the resulting borders changed the trade-off between the benefits from cooperation with Prussia and the costs of losing political control. Based on GIS data on Central Europe for 1818–1854 we estimate a simple model of the incentives to join an existing customs union. The model can explain the sequence of states joining the Prussian Zollverein extremely well. Moreover we run a counterfactual exercise: if Prussia would have succeeded with her strategy to gain the entire Kingdom of Saxony instead of the western provinces, the Zollverein would not have formed. We conclude that geography can shape institutional change. To put it different, as collateral damage to her intervention at Vienna,”’Britain unified Germany”’. JEL Codes: C31, F13, N73 ∗We would like to thank Robert C. Allen, Nicholas Crafts, Theresa Gutberlet, Theocharis N. Grigoriadis, Ulas Karakoc, Daniel Kreßner, Stelios Michalopoulos, Klaus Desmet, Florian Ploeckl, Kevin H. -
Riedel-Schreiter Family History
Riedel-Schreiter Family History Anna van Raaphorst-Johnson Third Edition (3.0) - November 2014 Riedel-Schreiter Family History | TOC | 3 Contents List of Figures...................................................................................................................5 Chapter 1: Introduction..............................................................................13 Chapter 2: Ancestors.................................................................................15 The Riedel-Schreiter Families............................................................................................................15 The Thumb of Michigan......................................................................................................................19 Why and How Did They Migrate?.......................................................................................................23 Anna's comments about migration..........................................................................................25 Life in Forestville.................................................................................................................................29 Al's comments about Forestville..............................................................................................35 Joan's comments about Forestville.........................................................................................36 Letters Home......................................................................................................................................37 -
Cayuga and Store Building 69 Fall Christy Mary A., Home with Christy
SENECA FALLS VILLAGE. 267 E. Casey Mary Miss, home with her father Thomas, 13 Chapin CASEY MATTHEW R., b 1855, (Casey & Seaman), bds 40 State Richard b r- Casey A., 1862, w Elizabeth, meat cutter, h 51 Bridge b about Casey Richard, 1829 in Ireland, retired, res. 40 State Casey Richard H., b 1875, machinist, bds 84 W. Bayard,owns interest in house T. Casey Theresa Miss, dressmaker, bds 13 Chapin Casey Thomas b 1844 in Ireland, w Mary, machinist, owns h and 1 13 Chapin Casey Thomas D., b 1877, son of Thomas, clerk 62 Fall, home 13 Chapin CASEY & SEAMAN, (Matthew R. Casey & Dr. Frank G. Seaman), drugs, school and blank books, 75 Fall Cassidy Ellen, widow of John, laundress, r h 91 Bridge Castner Seymour H., b 1863 in Penn Yan, N. Y., w Eva S., pattern maker, carpenter and builder, r h 306 Fall Chamberlain Harrison, b 1837, w Ophelia G., director Ex change National Bank, prop.'r The National Yeast Co., owns the Seneca Woolen Mills, under lease to Mr. Hugh Sheridan, also two planing mills and malt and grain houses on East Fall St., also farm 96 on r 43 ; also farm 80 on r 28, occupied by Stephen Rogers ; w owns res. 30 Cayuga and store building 69 Fall Chase Jesse M. Dr., b 1865 in Ledyard, Cayuga Co., w Susie H., veterinary surgeon, graduate of Ontario Veterinary College of Toronto, infirmary and sale stable, horse trainer, agt for Groton carriages, r h Baird blk, State Chatham Hattie S. Miss, school teacher, bds 37 Chapel Chatham Sarah A., widow of Jonathan S., resident, r h 37 Chapel Christopher Claude R., b 1870, letter carrier, home 32 Miller Christopher Columbus, b 1845, w Martha J., master mechanic Goulds Mfg Co., owns res. -
The History of World Civilization. 3 Cyclus (1450-2070) New Time ("New Antiquity"), Capitalism ("New Slaveownership"), Upper Mental (Causal) Plan
The history of world civilization. 3 cyclus (1450-2070) New time ("new antiquity"), capitalism ("new slaveownership"), upper mental (causal) plan. 19. 1450-1700 -"neoarchaics". 20. 1700-1790 -"neoclassics". 21. 1790-1830 -"romanticism". 22. 1830-1870 – «liberalism». Modern time (lower intuitive plan) 23. 1870-1910 – «imperialism». 24. 1910-1950 – «militarism». 25.1950-1990 – «social-imperialism». 26.1990-2030 – «neoliberalism». 27. 2030-2070 – «neoromanticism». New history. We understand the new history generally in the same way as the representatives of Marxist history. It is a history of establishment of new social-economic formation – capitalism, which, in difference to the previous formations, uses the economic impelling and the big machine production. The most important classes are bourgeoisie and hired workers, in the last time the number of the employees in the sphere of service increases. The peasants decrease in number, the movement of peasants into towns takes place; the remaining peasants become the independent farmers, who are involved into the ware and money economy. In the political sphere it is an epoch of establishment of the republican system, which is profitable first of all for the bourgeoisie, with the time the political rights and liberties are extended for all the population. In the spiritual plan it is an epoch of the upper mental, or causal (later lower intuitive) plan, the humans discover the laws of development of the world and man, the traditional explanations of religion already do not suffice. The time of the swift development of technique (Satan was loosed out of his prison, according to Revelation 20.7), which causes finally the global ecological problems. -
Descendants of Johann Jacob Sitter
Descendants of Johann Jacob Sitter Generation 1 1. JOHANN JACOB 1 SITTER was born on 01 Dec 1807 in Zilling, Moselle, Lorraine, France. He died on 03 Aug 1885 in South CayugaTwp., Ontario, Canada (Birth date: abt 1808 Birth place: France Death date: 3 Aug 1885 Death place: Haldimand Residence date: Residence place: Ontario, Canada). He married Catharina Klein, daughter of Jacob Klein and Marguerite Bier, on 01 Jan 1836 in Zilling, Moselle, Lorraine, France. She was born on 25 Oct 1813 in Zillinger, Alsace, France. She died on 18 Apr 1887 in Rainham Township, Haldimand, Ontario, Canada. Notes for Johann Jacob Sitter: Burke :ee:Broderbund Family Archive #118, Ed.1, Candadian Genealogy Index, 1600s-1900s, Date pf O,[prt" Mpve,ber 22, 1997, Internal Ref. #1.118.1.77295.3. Living in Walpole Township, 1877. Census 1871 lists a Sitter, Jacob, age 63, in Rainham Township. Buried at Trinnity Luthern Cemetary, Fisherville, Ontario, Died 77 yrs, 9 months, 3 days. Died of old age and chronic bronchitis, ill for 5 months: Dr. Alexander Robinson, physician from Rainham. Johann Jacob Sitter and Catharina Klein had the following children: i. JACOB 2 SITTER was born on 21 Oct 1837 in Zilling Village Lorraine Region, , France, Germany. He died before 1847 in France (Died young. Does not appear in 1851 census records, nor on ship manifest.). 2. ii. NICHOLAS SITTER SETTER was born on 13 May 1839 in Zillingen, Lorraine, France. He died on 13 Mar 1910 in Flynn Township, Sanilac County, Michigan. He married Elizabeth Tuer, daughter of John Tuer and Elizabeth Grey, on 21 Mar 1861 in Rainham Township, Ontario. -
The House of Coburg and Queen Victoria: a Study of Duty and Affection
University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 6-1-1971 The House of Coburg and Queen Victoria: A study of duty and affection Terrence Shellard University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Shellard, Terrence, "The House of Coburg and Queen Victoria: A study of duty and affection" (1971). Student Work. 413. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/413 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE HOUSE OF COBURG AND QUEEN VICTORIA A STORY OF DUTY AND AFFECTION A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska at Omaha In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by Terrance She Ha r d June Ip71 UMI Number: EP73051 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Diss««4afor. R_bJ .stung UMI EP73051 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. -
The Automobile Workers Unions and the Fight for Labor Parties in the 1930S
The Automobile Workers Unions and the Fight for Labor Parties in the 1930s Hugh T. Louin* Despite the New Dealers’ innovative social and economic programs during the 1930s, discontented agrarians and labor unionists judged the New Deal’s shortcomings so severe that they began to nurture third party movements. Scrappy auto- mobile industry unionists in Ohio, Michigan, and Indiana at first ignored the new third party efforts of impatient New Deal critics. Instead, with many other organized and unorganized workers, they expected New Dealers to provide better times after the “lean years” of the 1920s. During the post-World War I decade union rolls had declined, the American Federation of Labor (AFL) had lost prestige, and unions had exercised little influence with lawmakers and other elected officials. Conse- quently, employers easily avoided collective bargaining with unions, strikes often were ineffective, and unionists charged that public officials consistently deployed police forces and the National Guard to tilt the balance in industry’s favor during labor-management conflicts.’ The New Dealers of the 1930s, although clearly pro-labor, failed to effect many of the changes which automobile industry workers anticipated. In response, disgruntled automobile union- ists in the Great Lakes states attempted to build labor parties. That they failed to create viable labor parties calls attention to the remarkable resiliency of America’s two party system even during the nation’s most severe depression. More important, the unionists’ failures to establish labor parties reflect the New Deal’s hold on so many industrial workers and AFL craft un- * Hugh T. hvin is professor of history at Boise State University, Boise, Idaho. -
Descendants of John R. Smith
Descendants of John R. Smith Steven Ostrowski Table of Contents .Descendants . .of . .John . .R. Smith. .1 . .First . Generation. .1 . .Source . .Citations . .11 . .Second . Generation. .13 . .Source . .Citations . .38 . .Third . Generation. .47 . .Source . .Citations . .91 . .Name . .Index . .105 . Produced by Legacy Descendants of John R. Smith First Generation 1. John R. Smith [123935]1 was born on 28 Oct 1808 in Sandy Lake, New York, USA2 and died on 9 Sep 1883 in Sumpter, Wayne, Michigan, USA3 at age 74. The cause of his death was old age.3 General Notes: Possibly: SMITH, J. R., farmer, Parish, b. Oswego, N.Y., s 1808, p.o. add. Parish (probably not as there is a James R. Smith that matches this description and has a different wife) There is a John Smith living next-door to John Thurston in Vernon, Oneida, New York and has one son living with him age 16+ (which would be a couple of years off from John). However, the proximity to the Thurston family makes it a good chance that this is John R. Smith's father. If that's the case, then John R. Smith's father is also a John Smith, who was 45+ in 1820 so would be born before 1775. Son Francis' death certificate: Says he was born in New York City There is a Sandy Creek in Oswego County, not a Sandy Lake. Sand Lake in Rensselaer County A Sand Bank In a St. Lawrence County Methodist Church marriage list, there is a groom born in Sandy Lake, NY and bride born in Gouverneur, NY in 1918 by pastor J. -
C:\20120927Backup\GENEAL
Web: Missouri, Find A Grave Index, 1812-2012 about Allen H Paine X7643/1 Name: Allen H Paine Birth Date: 3 Apr 1865 Age at Death: 90 Death Date: 8 Feb 1956 Burial Place: Saint Louis, St. Louis City, Missouri, USA URL: http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-. Bruce Edward Proctor X7643/2 Birth 8 Jul 1917 in Forest, Lambton Co Ontario CANADA Death 1982 Birth 1917 8 Jul Forest, Lambton Co Ontario CANADA Family Members Parents Francis William PROCTOR 1889 – 1948 Edith Matilda PHILLIPS 1895 – 1982 Spouse & Children Jean Claire McCAHILL 1920 – 1997 X7643/3 Charles P Wineman in entry for Chas D Wineman, "Michigan, Death Certificates, 1921-1952"Name: Chas D Wineman Event Type: Death Event Date: 05 Oct 1942 Event Place: Eloise, Wayne, Michigan, United States Gender: Male Age: 32 Marital Status: Married Birth Date: 19 Apr 1910 Birthplace: Detroit, Michigan Birth Year (Estimated): 1910 Father's Name: Charles P Wineman Mother's Name: Julia Ann Mcintyre GS Film number: 001973150 Digital Folder Number: 005363516 Image Number: 01113 Julia Wineman, "Michigan, Death Certificates, 1921-1952"Name: Julia Wineman Event Type: Death Event Date: 24 Feb 1923 Event Place: Detroit, Wayne, Michigan, United States Gender: Female Age: 40 Marital Status: Married Birth Date: 10 Feb 1882 Birthplace: Glenroe, Canada Birth Year (Estimated): 1883 Father's Name: Robt Mcintyre Mother's Name: Julia Kelly GS Film number: 001972964 Digital Folder Number: 005362522 Image Number: 00847 Clarence Pieper, "Michigan, Births, 1867-1902" X7643/4 Name: Edward Clarence Pieper Birth Date: 07 Oct -
Family Tree Maker
Complete Ancestral Line: All Families Descendants of John Skirling 1 John Skirling 1710 - 1792 b: Abt. 1710 ........ 2 John Skirling II 1729 - 1784 b: 1729 .............. +Elizabeth Lowson 1734 - b: 1734 ................... 3 John Skirling III 1760 - 1808 b: April 24, 1760 in Ballskellie, Barry, Angus Scotland ......................... +Janet Petrie 1764 - 1855 b: November 30, 1764 in Hillhead, Parish of Monikie, County of Forfar ............................. 4 James Stirling 1792 - 1887 b: July 17, 1792 in Panbride Parish, Forfar, Angus, Scotland (near Carnoustie). ................................... +Elizabeth Lawrence 1795 - 1866 b: 1795 in "of Arbroath Parish" ........................................ 5 John Stirling 1825 - 1875 b: December 29, 1825 in Panbride Parish, Forfarshire, Scotland (near Carnoustie). .............................................. +Phoebe Anne Colwell 1829 - 1901 b: 1829 in Kentville, Nova Scotia .................................................. 6 James Stirling 1851 - 1917 b: September 20, 1851 ........................................................ +Ann Collins 1851 - 1928 b: January 29, 1851 in Carleton County, Ontario ............................................................. 7 Kathryn Blanche Stirling 1880 - 1909 b: May 19, 1880 in Lamotte Township, Sanilac County, Michigan ................................................................... +William Turnbull Thom 1868 - 1957 b: April 03, 1868 in Dalhousie, Ontario ........................................................................ 8 James Robert