Anousheh Ansari
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Astronomie in Theorie Und Praxis 8. Auflage in Zwei Bänden Erik Wischnewski
Astronomie in Theorie und Praxis 8. Auflage in zwei Bänden Erik Wischnewski Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Beobachtungen mit bloßem Auge 37 Motivation 37 Hilfsmittel 38 Drehbare Sternkarte Bücher und Atlanten Kataloge Planetariumssoftware Elektronischer Almanach Sternkarten 39 2 Atmosphäre der Erde 49 Aufbau 49 Atmosphärische Fenster 51 Warum der Himmel blau ist? 52 Extinktion 52 Extinktionsgleichung Photometrie Refraktion 55 Szintillationsrauschen 56 Angaben zur Beobachtung 57 Durchsicht Himmelshelligkeit Luftunruhe Beispiel einer Notiz Taupunkt 59 Solar-terrestrische Beziehungen 60 Klassifizierung der Flares Korrelation zur Fleckenrelativzahl Luftleuchten 62 Polarlichter 63 Nachtleuchtende Wolken 64 Haloerscheinungen 67 Formen Häufigkeit Beobachtung Photographie Grüner Strahl 69 Zodiakallicht 71 Dämmerung 72 Definition Purpurlicht Gegendämmerung Venusgürtel Erdschattenbogen 3 Optische Teleskope 75 Fernrohrtypen 76 Refraktoren Reflektoren Fokus Optische Fehler 82 Farbfehler Kugelgestaltsfehler Bildfeldwölbung Koma Astigmatismus Verzeichnung Bildverzerrungen Helligkeitsinhomogenität Objektive 86 Linsenobjektive Spiegelobjektive Vergütung Optische Qualitätsprüfung RC-Wert RGB-Chromasietest Okulare 97 Zusatzoptiken 100 Barlow-Linse Shapley-Linse Flattener Spezialokulare Spektroskopie Herschel-Prisma Fabry-Pérot-Interferometer Vergrößerung 103 Welche Vergrößerung ist die Beste? Blickfeld 105 Lichtstärke 106 Kontrast Dämmerungszahl Auflösungsvermögen 108 Strehl-Zahl Luftunruhe (Seeing) 112 Tubusseeing Kuppelseeing Gebäudeseeing Montierungen 113 Nachführfehler -
Mathématiques Et Espace
Atelier disciplinaire AD 5 Mathématiques et Espace Anne-Cécile DHERS, Education Nationale (mathématiques) Peggy THILLET, Education Nationale (mathématiques) Yann BARSAMIAN, Education Nationale (mathématiques) Olivier BONNETON, Sciences - U (mathématiques) Cahier d'activités Activité 1 : L'HORIZON TERRESTRE ET SPATIAL Activité 2 : DENOMBREMENT D'ETOILES DANS LE CIEL ET L'UNIVERS Activité 3 : D'HIPPARCOS A BENFORD Activité 4 : OBSERVATION STATISTIQUE DES CRATERES LUNAIRES Activité 5 : DIAMETRE DES CRATERES D'IMPACT Activité 6 : LOI DE TITIUS-BODE Activité 7 : MODELISER UNE CONSTELLATION EN 3D Crédits photo : NASA / CNES L'HORIZON TERRESTRE ET SPATIAL (3 ème / 2 nde ) __________________________________________________ OBJECTIF : Détermination de la ligne d'horizon à une altitude donnée. COMPETENCES : ● Utilisation du théorème de Pythagore ● Utilisation de Google Earth pour évaluer des distances à vol d'oiseau ● Recherche personnelle de données REALISATION : Il s'agit ici de mettre en application le théorème de Pythagore mais avec une vision terrestre dans un premier temps suite à un questionnement de l'élève puis dans un second temps de réutiliser la même démarche dans le cadre spatial de la visibilité d'un satellite. Fiche élève ____________________________________________________________________________ 1. Victor Hugo a écrit dans Les Châtiments : "Les horizons aux horizons succèdent […] : on avance toujours, on n’arrive jamais ". Face à la mer, vous voyez l'horizon à perte de vue. Mais "est-ce loin, l'horizon ?". D'après toi, jusqu'à quelle distance peux-tu voir si le temps est clair ? Réponse 1 : " Sans instrument, je peux voir jusqu'à .................. km " Réponse 2 : " Avec une paire de jumelles, je peux voir jusqu'à ............... km " 2. Nous allons maintenant calculer à l'aide du théorème de Pythagore la ligne d'horizon pour une hauteur H donnée. -
Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants As Tracers of Planet Formation
Lurking in the Shadows: Wide-Separation Gas Giants as Tracers of Planet Formation Thesis by Marta Levesque Bryan In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California 2018 Defended May 1, 2018 ii © 2018 Marta Levesque Bryan ORCID: [0000-0002-6076-5967] All rights reserved iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Heather Knutson, who I had the great privilege of working with as my thesis advisor. Her encouragement, guidance, and perspective helped me navigate many a challenging problem, and my conversations with her were a consistent source of positivity and learning throughout my time at Caltech. I leave graduate school a better scientist and person for having her as a role model. Heather fostered a wonderfully positive and supportive environment for her students, giving us the space to explore and grow - I could not have asked for a better advisor or research experience. I would also like to thank Konstantin Batygin for enthusiastic and illuminating discussions that always left me more excited to explore the result at hand. Thank you as well to Dimitri Mawet for providing both expertise and contagious optimism for some of my latest direct imaging endeavors. Thank you to the rest of my thesis committee, namely Geoff Blake, Evan Kirby, and Chuck Steidel for their support, helpful conversations, and insightful questions. I am grateful to have had the opportunity to collaborate with Brendan Bowler. His talk at Caltech my second year of graduate school introduced me to an unexpected population of massive wide-separation planetary-mass companions, and lead to a long-running collaboration from which several of my thesis projects were born. -
Catching up with Barnard's Star. Dave Eagle Within the Constellation Of
Catching Up with Barnard’s Star. Dave Eagle Within the constellation of Ophiuchus lies Barnard’s Star. It is a fairly faint red dwarf star of magnitude 9.53, six light years from Earth, so is fairly close to us. Its luminosity is 1/2,500th that of the Sun and 16% its mass. The diameter is estimated at about 140,000 miles, so it’s quite a small, faint star and well below naked eye visibility. So why is this star so well known? In 1916 Edward Barnard looked at a photographic plate of the area. When he compared this to a similar plate made in 1894, he noticed that one of the stars had moved between the time of the two plates being taken. Although all the stars in the sky in reality are all moving quite fast, from our remote vantage point on Earth most stars appear to appear virtually static during our lifetime as their apparent motion is extremely small. Barnard’s star, being so close and moving so fast, is one of the stars that bucks this trend. So fast indeed that it will subtend the apparent diameter equivalent to the Moon or Sun in about 176 years. So compared to other stars it is really shifting. The star is travelling at 103 miles per second and is approaching us at about 87 miles per second. In about 8,000 years it will become the closest star to us, at just under 4 light years and will have brightened to magnitude 8.6. Peter van de Camp caused great excitement in the 1960’s when he claimed to have discovered a planet (or more) around the star, due to wobbles superimposed on its movement. -
Program and Abstract Book
Program and Abstract Book Precision Asteroseismology: Celebration of the Scientific Opus of Wojtek Dziembowski Date: 19 – 23 August 2013, Location: WrocÃlaw (Poland) Scientific Organizing Committee: Annie Baglin (France) Bill Chaplin (UK) Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard (Denmark) Margarida Cunha (Portugal) Jadwiga Daszy´nska-Daszkiewicz (Chair, Poland) Gilles Fontaine (Canada) Joyce Guzik (USA) Marcella Marconi (Italy) Karen Pollard (New Zealand) Hiromoto Shibahashi (Chair, Japan) Juan Carlos Su´arez(Spain) Werner Weiss (Austria) Local Organizing Committee: Urszula Bąk-Stęślicka Barbara Cader-Sroka Jadwiga Daszyńska-Daszkiewicz (Chair) Zbigniew Kołaczkowski Grzegorz Kopacki Andrzej Pigulski (Chair) Marek Stęślicki Przemysław Walczak 1 2 PROGRAM OF THE SYMPOSIUM DAY 1. August 19, Monday Session 1. Introduction Chair: Jadwiga Daszy´nska-Daszkiewicz 8:00 – 9:00 Registration and setting up posters 9:00 – 9:20 Welcome and opening 9:20 – 10:20 An overview of the scientific career of Wojtek Dziem- bowski by Douglas Gough (30 min) & Alexey Pamyatnykh (30 min) 10:20 – 10:50 Coffee break Chair: Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard 10:50 – 11:30 Introductory talk: What can we expect from precision asteroseismology (Gerald Handler) Session 2. Observations: from ground to space 11:30 – 12:00 Pulsating variables from the OGLE and Araucaria pro- jects (Grzegorz Pietrzy´nski,invited) 12:00 – 12:30 A review of pulsating stars from the ASAS data (Andrzej Pigulski, invited) 12:30 – 12:45 Asteroseismology with SuperWASP (Barry Smalley) 12:45 – 13:00 A new class of low amplitude -
100 Closest Stars Designation R.A
100 closest stars Designation R.A. Dec. Mag. Common Name 1 Gliese+Jahreis 551 14h30m –62°40’ 11.09 Proxima Centauri Gliese+Jahreis 559 14h40m –60°50’ 0.01, 1.34 Alpha Centauri A,B 2 Gliese+Jahreis 699 17h58m 4°42’ 9.53 Barnard’s Star 3 Gliese+Jahreis 406 10h56m 7°01’ 13.44 Wolf 359 4 Gliese+Jahreis 411 11h03m 35°58’ 7.47 Lalande 21185 5 Gliese+Jahreis 244 6h45m –16°49’ -1.43, 8.44 Sirius A,B 6 Gliese+Jahreis 65 1h39m –17°57’ 12.54, 12.99 BL Ceti, UV Ceti 7 Gliese+Jahreis 729 18h50m –23°50’ 10.43 Ross 154 8 Gliese+Jahreis 905 23h45m 44°11’ 12.29 Ross 248 9 Gliese+Jahreis 144 3h33m –9°28’ 3.73 Epsilon Eridani 10 Gliese+Jahreis 887 23h06m –35°51’ 7.34 Lacaille 9352 11 Gliese+Jahreis 447 11h48m 0°48’ 11.13 Ross 128 12 Gliese+Jahreis 866 22h39m –15°18’ 13.33, 13.27, 14.03 EZ Aquarii A,B,C 13 Gliese+Jahreis 280 7h39m 5°14’ 10.7 Procyon A,B 14 Gliese+Jahreis 820 21h07m 38°45’ 5.21, 6.03 61 Cygni A,B 15 Gliese+Jahreis 725 18h43m 59°38’ 8.90, 9.69 16 Gliese+Jahreis 15 0h18m 44°01’ 8.08, 11.06 GX Andromedae, GQ Andromedae 17 Gliese+Jahreis 845 22h03m –56°47’ 4.69 Epsilon Indi A,B,C 18 Gliese+Jahreis 1111 8h30m 26°47’ 14.78 DX Cancri 19 Gliese+Jahreis 71 1h44m –15°56’ 3.49 Tau Ceti 20 Gliese+Jahreis 1061 3h36m –44°31’ 13.09 21 Gliese+Jahreis 54.1 1h13m –17°00’ 12.02 YZ Ceti 22 Gliese+Jahreis 273 7h27m 5°14’ 9.86 Luyten’s Star 23 SO 0253+1652 2h53m 16°53’ 15.14 24 SCR 1845-6357 18h45m –63°58’ 17.40J 25 Gliese+Jahreis 191 5h12m –45°01’ 8.84 Kapteyn’s Star 26 Gliese+Jahreis 825 21h17m –38°52’ 6.67 AX Microscopii 27 Gliese+Jahreis 860 22h28m 57°42’ 9.79, -
Matching the Spectral Energy Distribution and P Mode Oscillation Frequencies of the Rapidly Rotating Delta Scuti Star Α Ophiuchi with a 2D Rotating Stellar Model
Matching the Spectral Energy Distribution and p Mode Oscillation Frequencies of the Rapidly Rotating Delta Scuti Star α Ophiuchi with a 2D Rotating Stellar Model Robert G. Deupree, Diego Castañeda, Fernando Peña, and C. Ian Short Institute for Computational Astrophysics and Department of Astronomy and Physics, Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3 Canada; [email protected] ABSTRACT Spectral energy distributions are computed using 2D rotating stellar models and NLTE plane parallel model atmospheres. A rotating, 2D stellar model has been found which matches the observed ultraviolet and visible spectrum of α Oph. The SED match occurs for the interferometrically deduced surface shape and inclination, and is different from the SED produced by spherical models. The p mode oscillation frequencies in which the latitudinal variation is modelled by a linear combination of eight Legendre polynomials were computed for this model. The five highest and seven of the nine highest amplitude modes show agreement between computed axisymmetric, equatorially symmetric mode frequencies and the mode frequencies observed by MOST to within the observational error. Including nonaxisymmetric modes up through |m| = 2 and allowing the possibility that the eight lowest amplitude modes could be produced by modes which are not equatorially symmetric produces matches for 24 out of the 35 MOST modes to within the observational error and another eight modes to within twice the observational error. The remaining three observed modes can be fit within 4.2 times the observational error, but even these may be fit to within the observational error if the criteria for computed modes are expanded. -
FIXED STARS a SOLAR WRITER REPORT for Churchill Winston WRITTEN by DIANA K ROSENBERG Page 2
FIXED STARS A SOLAR WRITER REPORT for Churchill Winston WRITTEN BY DIANA K ROSENBERG Page 2 Prepared by Cafe Astrology cafeastrology.com Page 23 Churchill Winston Natal Chart Nov 30 1874 1:30 am GMT +0:00 Blenhein Castle 51°N48' 001°W22' 29°‚ 53' Tropical ƒ Placidus 02' 23° „ Ý 06° 46' Á ¿ 21° 15° Ý 06' „ 25' 23° 13' Œ À ¶29° Œ 28° … „ Ü É Ü 06° 36' 26' 25° 43' Œ 51'Ü áá Œ 29° ’ 29° “ àà … ‘ à ‹ – 55' á á 55' á †32' 16° 34' ¼ † 23° 51'Œ 23° ½ † 06' 25° “ ’ † Ê ’ ‹ 43' 35' 35' 06° ‡ Š 17° 43' Œ 09° º ˆ 01' 01' 07° ˆ ‰ ¾ 23° 22° 08° 02' ‡ ¸ Š 46' » Ï 06° 29°ˆ 53' ‰ Page 234 Astrological Summary Chart Point Positions: Churchill Winston Planet Sign Position House Comment The Moon Leo 29°Le36' 11th The Sun Sagittarius 7°Sg43' 3rd Mercury Scorpio 17°Sc35' 2nd Venus Sagittarius 22°Sg01' 3rd Mars Libra 16°Li32' 1st Jupiter Libra 23°Li34' 1st Saturn Aquarius 9°Aq35' 5th Uranus Leo 15°Le13' 11th Neptune Aries 28°Ar26' 8th Pluto Taurus 21°Ta25' 8th The North Node Aries 25°Ar51' 8th The South Node Libra 25°Li51' 2nd The Ascendant Virgo 29°Vi55' 1st The Midheaven Gemini 29°Ge53' 10th The Part of Fortune Capricorn 8°Cp01' 4th Chart Point Aspects Planet Aspect Planet Orb App/Sep The Moon Semisquare Mars 1°56' Applying The Moon Trine Neptune 1°10' Separating The Moon Trine The North Node 3°45' Separating The Moon Sextile The Midheaven 0°17' Applying The Sun Semisquare Jupiter 0°50' Applying The Sun Sextile Saturn 1°52' Applying The Sun Trine Uranus 7°30' Applying Mercury Square Uranus 2°21' Separating Mercury Opposition Pluto 3°49' Applying Venus Sextile -
Proxima B: the Alien World Next Door - Is Anyone Home?
Proxima b: The Alien World Next Door - Is Anyone Home? Edward Guinan Biruni Observatory Dept. Astrophysics & Planetary Science th 40 Anniversary Workshop Villanova University 12 October, 2017 [email protected] Talking Points i. Planet Hunting: Exoplanets ii. Living with a Red Dwarf Program iii. Alpha Cen ABC -nearest Star System iv. Proxima Cen – the red dwarf star v. Proxima b Nearest Exoplanet vi. Can it support Life? vii. Planned Observations / Missions Planet Hunting: Finding Exoplanets A brief summary For citizen science projects: www.planethunters.org Early Thoughts on Extrasolar Planets and Life Thousands of years ago, Greek philosophers speculated… “There are infinite worlds both like and unlike this world of ours...We must believe that in all worlds there are living creatures and planets and other things we see in this world.” Epicurius c. 300 B.C First Planet Detected 51 Pegasi – November 1995 Mayer & Queloz / Marcy & Butler Credit: Charbonneau Many Exoplanets (400+) have been detected by the Spectroscopic Doppler Motion Technique (now can measure motions as low as 1 m/s (3.6 km/h = 2.3 mph)) Exoplanet Transit Eclipses Rp/Rs ~ [Depth of Eclipse] 1/2 Transit Eclipse Depths for Jupiter, Neptune and Earth for the Sun 0.01% (Earth-Sun) 0.15% (Neptune-Sun) 1.2% (Jupiter-Sun) Kepler Mission See: kepler.nasa.gov Has so far discovered 6000+ Confirmed & Candidate Exoplanets The Search for Planets Outside Our Solar System Exoplanet Census May 2017 Exoplanet Census (May-2017) Confirmed exoplanets: 3483+ (Doppler / Transit) 490+ Multi-planet Systems [April 2017] Exoplanet Candidates: 7900+ orbiting 2600+ stars (Mostly from the Kepler Mission) [May 2017] Other unconfirmed (mostly from CoRot)Exoplanets ~186+ Potentially Habitable Exoplanets: 51 (April 2017) Estimated Planets in the Galaxy ~ 50 -100 Billion! Most expected to be hosted by red dwarf stars Nomad (Free-floating planets) ~ 25 - 50 Billion Known planets with life: 1 so far. -
Deep-Sky Objects - Autumn Collection an Addition To: Explore the Universe Observing Certificate Third Edition RASC NW Cons Object Mag
Deep-Sky Objects - Autumn Collection An addition to: Explore the Universe Observing Certificate Third Edition RASC NW Cons Object Mag. PSA Observation Notes: Chart RA Dec Chart 1) Date Time 2 Equipment) 3) Notes # Observing Notes # Sgr M24 The Sagittarias Star Cloud 1. Mag 4.60 RA 18:16.5 Dec -18:50 Distance: 10.0 2. (kly)Star cloud, 95’ x 35’, Small Sagittarius star cloud 3. lies a little over 7 degrees north of teapot lid. Look for 7,8 dark Lanes! Wealth of stars. M24 has dark nebula 67 (interstellar dust – often visible in the infrared (cooler radiation)). Barnard 92 – near the edge northwest – oval in shape. Ref: Celestial Sampler Floating on Cloud 24, p.112 Sgr M18 - 1. RA 18 19.9, Dec -17.08 Distance: 4.9 (kly) 2. Lies less than 1deg above the northern edge of M24. 3 8 Often bypassed by showy neighbours, it is visible as a 67 small hazy patch. Note it's much closer (1/2 the distance) as compared to M24 (10kly) Sgr M17 (Swan Nebula) and M16 – HII region 1. Nebula and Open Clusters 2. 8 67 M17 Wikipedia 3. Ref: Celestial Sampler p. 113 Sct M11 Wild Duck Cluster 5.80 1. 18:51.1 -06:16 Distance: 6.0 (kly) 2. Open cluster, 13’, You can find the “wild duck” cluster, 3. as Admiral Smyth called it, nearly three degrees west of 67 8 Aquila’s beak lying in one of the densest parts of the summer Milky Way: the Scutum Star Cloud. 9 64 10 Vul M27 Dumbbell Nebula 1. -
The Brightest Stars Seite 1 Von 9
The Brightest Stars Seite 1 von 9 The Brightest Stars This is a list of the 300 brightest stars made using data from the Hipparcos catalogue. The stellar distances are only fairly accurate for stars well within 1000 light years. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 No. Star Names Equatorial Galactic Spectral Vis Abs Prllx Err Dist Coordinates Coordinates Type Mag Mag ly RA Dec l° b° 1. Alpha Canis Majoris Sirius 06 45 -16.7 227.2 -8.9 A1V -1.44 1.45 379.21 1.58 9 2. Alpha Carinae Canopus 06 24 -52.7 261.2 -25.3 F0Ib -0.62 -5.53 10.43 0.53 310 3. Alpha Centauri Rigil Kentaurus 14 40 -60.8 315.8 -0.7 G2V+K1V -0.27 4.08 742.12 1.40 4 4. Alpha Boötis Arcturus 14 16 +19.2 15.2 +69.0 K2III -0.05 -0.31 88.85 0.74 37 5. Alpha Lyrae Vega 18 37 +38.8 67.5 +19.2 A0V 0.03 0.58 128.93 0.55 25 6. Alpha Aurigae Capella 05 17 +46.0 162.6 +4.6 G5III+G0III 0.08 -0.48 77.29 0.89 42 7. Beta Orionis Rigel 05 15 -8.2 209.3 -25.1 B8Ia 0.18 -6.69 4.22 0.81 770 8. Alpha Canis Minoris Procyon 07 39 +5.2 213.7 +13.0 F5IV-V 0.40 2.68 285.93 0.88 11 9. Alpha Eridani Achernar 01 38 -57.2 290.7 -58.8 B3V 0.45 -2.77 22.68 0.57 144 10. -
Tyson's Zodiac
Mercury Direct Mercury Tyson’s Zodiac: Are There Really Fourteen Signs? by Diana K. Rosenberg Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson, research sci- chus treads upon the Scorpion (according entist in astrophysics at Princeton University to tradition) in order to crush it. (See Figure 1, and Curator of Astronomy at the Hayden Plan- page 60.) It is this overlap that creates a prob- etarium of the American Museum of Natural lem and makes it seem as though Ophiuchus’s History, has become a familiar face on tele- allotment of degrees exceeds the Scorpion’s. vision. He frequently appears on talk shows, Tyson wrote that the ecliptic stays in cheerily and with gusto declaiming that astrol- Ophiuchus for a longer period of time than in ogers are ignorant of the “fact” that there are Scorpius, but this holds true only if the artifi- fourteen zodiacal constellations, rather than cial demarcation lines imposed by the Inter- twelve. He has also authored several books, national Astronomical Union (IAU) in 1930 among them Universe Down to Earth. In this are adhered to.3 The astronomers who deter- work, he states: mined those lines could not bring themselves to accept overlaps or combinations; the lines, … the zodiac contains fourteen constella- they believed, must keep each figure entirely tions, not twelve. The Sun, after leaving the separate, and the sky figures, like caged ani- constellation Scorpius, enters the constella- mals, must remain within them.4 A quick tion Ophiuchus. It then stays in Ophiuchus glance at the lines dividing the Scorpion and for a longer [emphasis Tyson’s] period of the feet of Ophiuchus shows that absolutely no time than Scorpius, the sign that is adver- allowance was made for the Scorpion’s upper tised to precede Sagittarius.