VOL. 16, No. 4/5 A PUBLICATION OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA APRIL/MAY 2006

Inside: The 1906 and a century of progress in understanding and their hazards, , p. 4 Philadelphia 2006 Call for Papers, p. 13 Penrose Conference Scheduled—Styria, Austria, p. 56 Penrose Conference Scheduled—Durham, UK, p. 58 GSA0106v2.ai 1/30/2006 2:53:58 PM VOLUME 16, NUMBER 4/5 APRIL/MAY 2006

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50% Total Recovered Fiber 70 GeoMart Geoscience Directory 10% Postconsumer 70 years prior to 1906, averaging one about every four years The 1906 earthquake and a (Bakun, 1999, 2000). Significant earthquakes in this period include a magnitude 6.8–7.4 earthquake on the San Francisco century of progress in peninsula in 1838, probably on the San Andreas (Toppo- zada and Borchardt, 1998; Bakun, 1999); a magnitude 6.9–7.0 understanding earthquakes event on the Hayward fault in 1868 that killed more than 35 people across the region and caused significant damage both and their hazards in East Bay towns and in San Francisco (Yu and Segall, 1996; Bakun, 1999); and a magnitude ~6.8 event north of Point Arena, possibly on the offshore portion of the San Andreas Mary Lou Zoback, U.S. Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield fault (Bakun, 2000). Rd., MS 977, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA Earthquakes seemed to be accepted as a nuisance but part of daily life in the region. On 12 December 1904, Andrew Law- son wrote in The Daily Californian, the UC–Berkeley newspa- INTRODUCTION per, “History and records show that earthquakes in this locality At the turn of the century, San Francisco was the wealthiest have never been of a violent nature, as so far as I can judge and most important city on the Pacific Coast. With a popula- from the nature of recent disturbances and from accounts of tion of 400,000, it was the eighth largest city in the country and past occurrences there is not occasion for alarm at present” (in the economic center of the West, largely the result of mining Fradkin, 2005, p. 25). and railroad wealth. Then, in the early dawn of 18 April 1906, the city was rocked awake by a violent earthquake, which, THE SHOCK RECORDED AROUND THE WORLD together with the subsequent firestorm, reduced much of the At 5:12 a.m. on 18 April 1906, San Francisco residents were city to ashes and ruins. The 1906 earthquake and subsequent awakened variously by a strong jolt or a large roar. Stumbling fire remains one of the most devastating natural disasters this from their beds, many were unable to stand as the floor and nation has known. At least 3000 people were killed, and in their buildings began to shake violently. Originating from an San Francisco alone, 225,000 out of the city’s ~400,000 resi- epicenter offshore from San Francisco, the earthquake rup- dents were left homeless (Hansen and Condon, 1989). While tured the in two directions, to the NW and the 1906 earthquake marked a seminal event in the history of SE, and strongly shook all of coastal northern California. Care- California, it can also be remembered as the birth of modern ful observers reported strong shaking lasting for 45–60 s. Many earthquake science in the . It was the first time reliable observers also reported two strong pulses of shaking that an earthquake was recognized and documented as the separated by 25–30 s (probably subevents of the large rupture). result of a recurring tectonic process of strain accumulation The earthquake was recorded on six local seismometers and and release. Under the leadership of Professor Andrew Law- on 90 stations around the world, part of a growing global seis- son, of the University of California (UC)–Berkeley, teams of mic network. The next day, the New York Times featured on its scientists and engineers spread across the state, carefully col- front page a seismogram of the 1906 earthquake as recorded at lecting and documenting physical phenomena related to the the State Museum in Albany, New York. quake. Their exhaustive data and thoughtful conclusions, pub- The earthquake struck without warning. There was no lished in landmark volumes two and four years after the earth- unusual seismic activity noted in the days, weeks, and months quake, together with a complementary report published by the preceding the 1906 earthquake (Gilbert, 1907, p. 16). However, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1907, led to a number of new astute local observers did report shaking believed to be related discoveries about the cause and effects of earthquakes. These to a foreshock occurring ~30 s before the main shock (Bolt, discoveries underlie much of modern seismic hazard analysis. 1968; Lomax, 2005). Keywords: San Andreas fault, 1906 earthquake, elastic Within minutes of the end of shaking, fires broke out around rebound, seismic hazard, strike-slip faulting. the city of San Francisco. As is reported in a number of recent books, ruptured water lines, unseasonably warm temperatures, EARLY EARTHQUAKE HISTORY and the use of explosives helped create and fuel a firestorm Our knowledge of the earliest historic earthquakes in the San that raged for three days; intense winds were generated as air Francisco Bay area comes from Spanish mission records, dat- rushed in to feed the inferno, which burned with temperatures ing back to the founding of Mission Dolores in San Francisco in excess of 2000 °F. When the fires were finally out, more than in 1776. The Padres reported on earthquakes damaging their 28,000 buildings had been destroyed, with some estimates attrib- missions, but this record becomes spotty with secularization uting 80%–85% of the damage in San Francisco to the fire. beginning in the 1830s. After the Gold Rush, numerous news- papers around the region provided excellent coverage. WHEN THE SHAKING STOPPED—BIRTH OF MODERN The historical records indicate that the latter two-thirds of EARTHQUAKE SCIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES the nineteenth century was a period of intense seismic activ- One of leading of his time and a former chief ity throughout the greater (Fig. 1). In of the USGS, was visiting UC– fact, 18 magnitude 6.0 or larger earthquakes occurred in the Berkeley in April 1906, studying the effects of hydraulic min-

GSA Today: v. 16, no. 4/5, doi: 10.1130/GSAT01604.1

4 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY 123° 122°

Sacramento

Santa Rosa

38° Figure 1. Rupture zones of moderate to large earthquakes (M ≥ 5.5?) in the San Francisco Berkeley Bay region over the past 170 yr based on earthquake locations from Toppozada et Oakland al. (1981) and Bakun (1998). 1906 rupture San shown by the bold black wavy line; epicenter Francisco by star (after Lomax, 2005). Rupture zones in red are for earthquakes prior to 1906; in blue for earthquakes after 1906. Solid lines— constrained rupture zones located from surface breaks, aftershock studies, or inferred by Bakun (1998) in an analysis of historic intensity data. Dotted rupture lines—drawn parallel to local fault trends, their position and lengths (scaled to magnitude) based on Bakun (1999).

1906 epicenter

37°

Mission

ing on San Francisco Bay. His reaction to the quake was more than 25 geologists, seismologists, geodesists, biologists, probably typical of that of a number of scientists and engi- and engineers, as well as some 300 others who contributed to neers in the area. “When, therefore, I was awakened in Berke- the effort (Prentice, 1999). ley on the eighteenth of April last by a tumult of motions and The commission published a preliminary 17-page report noises, it was with unalloyed pleasure that I became aware on 31 May 1906. Their main report, The Report of the State that a vigorous earthquake was in progress” (in Wallace, 1980, Earthquake Investigation Commission, volume I, was edited p. 41). by Lawson and published in 1908. It included the bulk of Three days after the earthquake, California Governor George the geologic and morphological descriptions of the faulting, C. Pardee appointed an eight-person Earthquake Investigation detailed reports on shaking intensity, as well as an impres- Commission in response to a request by . As sive atlas of 40 oversized maps and folios. A second vol- requested by Lawson, the commission would work without ume, edited by Henry Fielding Reid and published in 1910, pay, requiring only field expenses that were ultimately raised focused on the seismological and mechanical aspects of the from the Carnegie Institution (who also published the final quake. Hereafter in this text, The Report of the State Earth- report). Lawson led the commission and oversaw the work of quake Investigation Commission (both volumes: v. I, Lawson,

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 5 1908, and v. II, Reid, 1910; 643 pages total) will be referred Inferring Earthquake Recurrence from Evidence of to as the Commission Report, with the volume number noted Similar Past Movements as appropriate. The report is still available today in print and In addition to documenting the width of and offset along online (see references). the rupture zone, commission geologists noted small-scale The commission was relentless in systematically report- linear ridges and valleys lying within and striking parallel ing all manner of data about the earthquake. They included to the fault zone. Gilbert, in particular, grasped the signifi- more than 310 photographs and numerous sketches captur- cance of these topographic features, commenting, “It is easy ing details of the surface rupture, offset culture features, and to understand that the inception as well as the perpetuation the nature and style of damage to buildings and other struc- of the ridges and valleys was due to faulting” (v. I, p. 33). He tures. In addition to documenting the earthquake, they also further noted that “the surface changes associated with the conducted simple laboratory experiments and mathematical earthquake tended, within this belt, to increase the differen- analyses to help them understand some of their puzzling tiation of the land into ridges and valleys,” thus establishing observations. In the end, their thoughtful interpretation of all the evidence for repeated recent earthquakes along the fault. these data, models, and analyses lead to a number of first- These observations expanded on his conclusions of recurring order discoveries about the earthquake and its effects. earthquakes along the Wasatch fault zone in Utah based on repeated vertical offsets of Lake Bonneville shorelines (Gil- Recognizing the San Andreas Fault as a Continuous bert, 1884) and provided the foundation for the modern field Geologic Feature of tectonic (Prentice, 1999). The Commission Report (v. I) contains the first integrated In its summary section (v. I, p. 53), the Commission Report description of the San Andreas fault. Small sections had pre- concluded, “The successive movements which in the past viously been mapped and described (in 1895, Lawson had have given rise to the peculiar geomorphic features of the mapped and named a few miles of the fault on the San Fran- Rift … have with little question been attended in every case cisco peninsula after the San Andreas Valley in which it was by an earthquake of greater or less violence. The earthquake contained), but the earthquake rupture demonstrated the of April 18, 1906, was due to a recurrence of movement along continuity of the structure. The location and morphology of this line.” (Note: Because the fault was often contained within the fault zone are described in detail and depicted on numer- a linear, well-defined 0.8–1.6-km-wide valley, the report com- ous large-scale maps along the ~220 km onshore portion of monly refers to the fault zone as the San Andreas Rift.) The the surface rupture. One commission member, H.W. Fair- commission members’ attention to detail and confidence in banks, continued mapping the San Andreas fault southeast of the recurrence of such events led them to establish two small the 1906 rupture all the way to Southern California, southeast arrays “for measurement of future movements on the San of San Bernardino, connecting the 1906 rupture to the same Andreas fault” (v. I, p. 152). fault as the still relatively fresh rupture from the 1857 mag- nitude ~7.8 earthquake in Southern California. The Commis- Proposing the Elastic Rebound Theory and Basis for the sion thus established the San Andreas fault as a continuous “Earthquake Cycle” geologic structure extending for over 600 miles throughout One of the most profound findings from the commission much of California. investigation came from analysis of a relatively new and unexplored data set—distortion of the triangulation survey- Establishing the Movement on the Fault as Strike-Slip ing network. J.F. Hayes and A.L. Baldwin of the U.S. Coast By documenting the offset of fences, roads, rows of trees, and Geodetic Survey resurveyed much of the northern Cali- and other cultural features, the commission geologists fornia triangulation network in the 15 months after the earth- reported commonly between 8 and 15 ft (and locally up to quake. Their careful analysis (v. I, p. 114–145) documented 21 ft) of horizontal slip during the earthquake. They also evidence for displacements in both the 1868 Hayward fault noted that the offsets north of the Golden Gate were gener- earthquake and the 1906 quake. For 1906, they found that ally greater than those to the south on the San Francisco pen- coseismic horizontal displacements were approximately par- insula. Gilbert (1907) reported associated vertical offsets that allel to the San Andreas fault, with points on opposite sides were “minor and of variable amount.” The significance of this of the fault moving in opposite directions, consistent with large horizontal offset remained problematic for decades. As the observed right-lateral offsets. They further concluded that Prentice (1999) noted, most scientists (including many of the the magnitude of the displacements decreased in a nonlinear contributors to the 1908 report) did not consider horizontal fashion away from the fault, with the displacement decreas- slip to be a geologically important mode of fault movement. ing most rapidly near the fault (Fig. 2). This is not surprising because gravity provided an obvious H.F. Reid, in vol. II of the Commission Report, grasped the source of vertical forces but there was no known source of significance of the geodetic data on coseismic displacement large-scale horizontal forces until the theory of plate as well as the evidence for distant pre-earthquake displace- was established many decades later. Wallace (1949) was the ments. He inferred that the nearly instantaneous fault slip first to suggest substantial (>120 km) right-lateral offset along during the quake represented release, or “elastic rebound,” of the San Andreas fault. In a landmark paper, Hill and Dibblee distant applied external elastic forces (Reid, 1910, p. 17) (Fig. (1953) suggested several hundred kilometers of right-lateral 2). Reid went on to explore his theory with experiments in displacement of geologic units and also showed that older which he deformed, in shear, a layer of stiff jelly with a fault units were offset more than younger units. cut through it. He showed that shear displacements of the

6 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY pre-earthquake coseismic block strain accumulation displacement offset

Figure 2. Elastic rebound hypothesis after Reid (1910). Fence indicates a line across the fault extending 100+ km on either side.

edge of the jelly block loaded the “fault,” and when the fault The commission’s first-order observation from the dam- was allowed to slip, the strain was relieved and the net result age reports was, not surprisingly, that shaking intensity was block displacement. generally decayed with distance from the fault. However, a No doubt influenced by Gilbert’s and others’ geomor- detailed examination of damage in San Francisco corrobo- phic evidence for repeated faulting, Reid envisioned the rated observations elsewhere and indicated a strong corre- strain accumulation and release as a recurring process. He lation between surface geology and shaking intensity. H.O. proposed the now famous “elastic rebound hypothesis” to Woods (v. I) compiled a detailed (1:24,000) intensity map explain the earthquake cycle—that earthquakes represent for San Francisco, defining five intensity zones to which he sudden release of elastic energy along a fault resulting from assigned approximate ground accelerations by comparison a long period of slow strain accumulation. This hypothesis to a calibrated Japanese seismic intensity scale. This was an is still accepted today, even though the basis for large-scale amazing accomplishment considering the earthquake dam- horizontal displacements wasn’t established until the plate age had to be sorted out from the far more pervasive and tectonic revolution more than 50 years later. devastating fire damage. Comparison of Woods’ map with a geologic map of San Francisco compiled by Andrew Lawson Correlating Shaking Intensity to Geology revealed that “the amount of damage produced by the earth- The commission’s attention to geologic and geomorphic quake … depended chiefly on the geological character of phenomena was matched by their detailed descriptions of the ground,” that the “areas that suffered most severely were the damage caused by the earthquake. They documented the those upon filled ground,” and “areas upon marshy ground extent and style of damage to all manner of buildings, dams, showed destructive effects similar to artificial filled land” pipelines, and other structures. In addition, they reported (v. I, p. 252). the distribution and direction of motion of damaged chim- To explore the observation that shaking intensity was neys, broken-off headstones, and even the direction that stronger on soft ground than on rock at comparable distances milk sloshed out of pails. Through interviews and combing from the fault, H.G. Rogers (v. I, p. 326 –335) designed an inge- newspaper and personal accounts, they compiled damage nious set of experiments measuring the amplitude of shak- and shaking reports for more than 600 sites, demonstrating ing of sand in a vibrating box. Cognizant of possible scale strong shaking throughout nearly all of the northern Califor- and edge effects in such experiments, Rogers showed that at nia Coast Ranges and revealing that the earthquake was felt seismic frequencies, the amplitude of motion of soft, water- into southern Oregon and as far east as central Nevada. Their filled sediments is generally greater than that in surrounding damage reports remain the largest set of seismic intensities rock. Using mathematical analysis to extend the application ever compiled for a single earthquake and recently were uti- of these experiments, Reid (v. II, p. 54) correctly concluded lized to construct a modern “Intensity ShakeMap” for the 1906 that the response of basins depended on their size relative to earthquake, which can be compared to maps made of shak- the wavelength of the seismic waves and that in large basins, ing intensity based on measured values, such as for the 1989 internal reflections could result in increased amplification. Loma Prieta earthquake (Boatwright and Bundock, 2004). He further suggested that variations in amplitude within and

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 7 between large basins were related to “differences in the char- an Ewing three-component seismograph at Lick Observatory, acter and depth of the alluvium” (v. II, p. 56). produced the first-ever “strong motion” record of a large earth- quake (Bolt, 1968). Fortunately, the commission reported sta- Relating Damage to Construction Style and Quality tion and instrument data as well as arrival times for the six local The engineers on the commission, as well as those writing and 90 other stations that recorded the 1906 earthquake. They for the complementary USGS Bulletin (see Humphrey, 1907), obtained 72 of these seismograms and reproduced them in the quickly recognized several principles. The first was that well- Commission Report, preserving them for future examination constructed, tall steel frame buildings (generally commercial and analysis. buildings built by private companies) performed quite well The 1906 earthquake is often referred to as having a “Richter during the earthquake, particularly those with steel work that magnitude” of 8.3 (Richter, 1958, p. 340). However, the Richter was well braced in the lower floors (Humphrey, 1907). A sec- magnitude scale was developed for local earthquakes recorded ond principle was the “value of deep piling as a foundation on high-frequency seismometers. The preferred descriptor for structure in made land.” Despite the stronger shaking inten- large earthquakes rich in low frequencies is moment magni- sity in soft soils, they noted that cable car tracks (underpinned tude (MW). This magnitude is directly proportional to energy by deep pilings) were often all that remained passable (and release and can be obtained from analysis of broad-spectrum served as sidewalks) on many streets destroyed by liquefac- seismograms or from the product of the rupture area and aver- tion. Similarly, they reported that “first-class modern buildings” age fault slip. Modern analyses suggest a MW between 7.7 and on made land “built upon deep piling and grillage formations 7.9 for the 1906 earthquake (Wald et al., 1993; Thatcher et al., were not imperiled by injuries to their walls or framework” 1997). Each unit step in MW is equivalent to roughly a factor of (v. I, p. 235). 32 in energy release; thus, it would require roughly thirty 1989 Those positive outcomes were tempered by the recognition MW = 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquakes occurring simultaneously to that much of the building damage could be related to poor equal the energy release of the 1906 event. construction practices. The Mining and Scientific Press, in its In 1969, Bruce Bolt interpreted some of the teleseismic 28 April 1906 edition (in Fradkin, 2005, p. 23), noted that “the records and the local observations contained in the Commis- amount of dishonest construction that escapes undetected in sion Report using modern techniques to show that the epi- a big city is appalling and it is this that the earthquake, like a center was most likely offshore of Daly City, rather than near relentless inspector, exposes.” Humphrey (1907) documented Olema as Reid had concluded in 1910. (Reid had used crude a number of faulty construction practices such as “collapse due estimates of seismic wave velocities and probably misidentified to lack of tie between wall and frame” and “light wooden fram- the phase that stopped clocks). Boore (1977) interpreted the ing, insufficient bracing and poor mortar.” Both reports noted “strong motion record” from Mount Hamilton and concluded numerous examples of the peril of unreinforced masonry as an epicenter offshore in the Golden Gate region best matched well as brick or stone building façades. Sadly, this same story that data. Recently, Lomax (2005) combined modern analysis of poor construction practices—resulting in catastrophic dam- using three-dimensional velocity models with a grid-search age and collapse—has oft been repeated in a number of recent algorithm of possible locations (to account for the impreci- large urban earthquakes, even in countries with supposedly sion of the observations). His maximum likelihood solution modern building codes. was in the region offshore of the Golden Gate. Constraining the epicenter to fall on the mapped fault offshore yields a “best STILL REAPING REWARDS FROM THE estimate hypocenter” of 37.75°, −122.55°, and a depth of 10 ± 2 COMMISSION REPORT km with a horizontal uncertainty of ±4 km (Fig. 1). Nearly one hundred years after its publication, the Com- mission Report remains a model for post-earthquake investi- Inferred Fault Length and Slip gations. Because the diverse data sets were so complete and In 1975, Thatcher reanalyzed the original triangulation sur- carefully documented, researchers continue to apply modern veying records used in the Commission Report and deter- analysis techniques to learn from the 1906 earthquake. mined variable amounts of slip at depth along the 1906 rupture averaging 4–5 m north of the Golden Gate and 2–3 m to the Seismological Data south. Using some previously unexamined regional geodetic Modern was in its infancy at the time of the 1906 networks, Thatcher et al. (1997) refined the slip distribution for earthquake. The first modern seismometers developed out of 1906. They determined slip along 10-km patches along the San a collaboration of three British scientists (Ewing, Gray, and Andreas fault where data were available and interpolated slip Milne) at the Imperial College in Tokyo, Japan, in the early values for the patches in between; the resulting pattern of slip 1880s (Dewey and Byerly, 1969). In 1887, astronomers brought is in good agreement with the measured surface offsets (Fig. 3). the first two seismometers in the Western Hemisphere to the Significantly, they concluded that the rupture extended all the Bay Area to track earth movements that might introduce astro- way to Cape Mendocino through the offshore segment of the nomical errors, and on 19 August of that year, the first local San Andreas fault north of Point Arena, for a total rupture length earthquake was recorded in the Bay Area (Fradkin, 2005). of 477 km. In fact, they interpreted that some of the largest slip Most of the seismometers in operation locally at the time of occurred at this northernmost end, but noted large uncertain- the 1906 earthquake were duplex pendulum seismometers that ties in that region. This northerly extension of the 1906 rupture were not sufficiently damped and almost immediately went is compatible with the seismic intensity distribution as well as off-scale (Reid, 1910). The only instrument that stayed on-scale, reports of possible surface slip near Point Delgado.

8 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY 1906 SLIP DISTRIBUTION Modeled slip 10 Uncertainity 8 Unresolved

Slip 6 Seismic slip (meters) 4 Surface offset

2

0 0 100 200 300 400 Distance (km)

Fort Ross Punta GordaShelter Cove Point Arena Point ReyesSan Francisco Loma Prieta

Figure 3. Comparison of slip distributions for the 1906 earthquake from surface offset measurements (Lawson, 1908), analysis of geodetic networks (Thatcher et al., 1997), and inversion of teleseismic data (Wald et al., 1993).

Also plotted in Figure 3 are the results of an inversion for In the 1970s, the USGS pioneered advanced surveying tech- fault slip by Wald et al. (1991, 1993) using the teleseisms from niques to establish the localization and rates of strain accumu- the Commission Report. There is a rather poor agreement lation along the San Andreas fault system. Today, strain data between this seismic inversion and the geodetic inversion for are collected by many groups using global positioning satel- slip. Recently, Song et al. (2005) suggested this discrepancy lite receivers accurate enough to resolve long-term horizontal may be explained by a supershear rupture velocity, possibly strain accumulation rates of several centimeters per year within as high as 5 km/s. only a few months of continuous observations. The pioneering papers of Clark et al. (1972), Bonilla (1973), A CENTURY OF PROGRESS IN UNDERSTANDING Sieh (1978), and Swan et al. (1980) demonstrated that the tim- EARTHQUAKES AND THEIR EFFECTS ing of past earthquakes could be constrained by dating of The knowledge and understanding that came out of the disrupted soil layers exposed in trenches across active faults. study of the 1906 earthquake established several principles that These data establish “recurrence intervals” for surface-rupturing underlie modern seismic hazard assessment: earthquakes (generally magnitude ~6.5 and greater). Dating of • The earthquake was associated with a long, continuous offset channels and other geomorphic features yield long-term “active” fault that exhibited ample evidence of past earth- slip rates on active faults averaged over thousands of years. quakes with similar-style fault offsets. In some cases, these geologic slip rates agree well with geo- • Earthquake occurrence was attributed to a cycle of long- detically determined strain accumulation rates. In other cases, term elastic strain accumulation and sudden release. there are large discrepancies, suggesting changes in rates over • Earthquake ground motion was found to generally time and/or possible clustering behavior. decrease with distance from the fault and vary according Geologic, seismic, and geodetic data provide key inputs into to the character of near-surface materials as well as local the first step in assessing seismic hazard of a region—source structure, such as in large, deep basins. characterization, in which the active faults are identified and Over the past century, new data and techniques have the likely magnitude and mean recurrence intervals for earth- enabled us to quantify and refine these principles. Modern quakes on them are determined. Earthquake probabilities, or seismic networks accurately locate earthquakes to help iden- forecasts, are then developed by applying statistical models tify active faults, while seismometers with wide dynamic range of the earthquake cycle and summing over all possible earth- are recording, on-scale, both weak and strong ground motion. quake sources within a prescribed region. The probability cal- Modern analysis of the broadband seismic data are yielding culation can be done in a time-independent manner, assum- key insights into the nature of the earthquake source as well ing average long-term, average occurrence rates; or, it can be as the parameters that most influence damaging shaking levels done in a time-dependent fashion, in which the position within in earthquakes. For example, Wald et al. (1993) used mod- the earthquake cycle on each fault is taken into account by ern earthquakes as analogs to model 1906 teleseismic data. including the time since the most recent event on the fault. The They proposed a large asperity (source of strong seismic radia- Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities issued tion) along the 1906 rupture to explain extremely high shaking their first “earthquake forecast” in 1988 based on these prin- intensity extending from the San Andreas fault into the town ciples. A current time-dependent earthquake forecast for the of Santa Rosa, 40 km from the fault and the site of the greatest San Francisco Bay area, shown in Figure 4 (Working Group 1906 earthquake damage per capita (Humphrey, 1907). on California Earthquake Probabilities, 2003), indicates that at

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 9 ≥ least one damaging earthquake (MW 6.7) is nearly twice as earthquake (Fig. 1). The post-1906 suppression of seismicity likely as not to occur in the region over the next 30 years. This on Bay Area faults is attributed to a “stress shadow” effect—the forecast integrates data on earthquake sources and strain load- large slip on the San Andreas fault in 1906 reduced the Cou- ing in the Bay Area and allows for a range of earthquake sizes lomb failure stress on all the surrounding parallel faults (Ells- that rupture one or more identified segments of the major fault worth et al., 1981; Harris and Simpson, 1998). The occurrence systems, as well as “background” earthquakes occurring off the of moderate-sized earthquakes beginning in the late 1960s main faults. and including the 1989 Loma Prieta event suggests that the One of the most significant tectonic legacies of the 1906 region has begun to emerge from the stress shadow as tectonic earthquake was the “silencing” of seismicity throughout the strain has reaccumulated slip to overcome the stress reduc- San Francisco Bay region—undoubtedly a factor favoring the tions. Uncertainty in the earthquake forecast (Fig. 4) reflects intense development and tenfold population increase of the uncertainties in modeling the exact magnitude and duration of region during the twentieth century. As previously noted, the stress shadow. the relative seismic quiescence of the twentieth century is in Modern seismic hazard assessments compute the expected marked contrast to the 70-year interval leading up to the 1906 earthquake shaking intensity levels within a region by integrat-

Sacramento R O D G SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION E S R EARTHQUAKE PROBABILITY A Santa S N Rosa C R CC E OO 1 E E NN 62% K Napa CC

F Sonoma OOR A 80 probability for one or more A R A U N Petaluma L DD magnitude 6.7 or greater D T –– R GG E 4% RR earthquakes from 2003 to 2032. 101 E A E

S E E This result incorporates 14% odds NN

NovatoNov VV of quakes not on shown faults. P Vallejo AA 27% L L a L F E c A San 680 Y U i F L Rafael A Antioch f T H A U Stockton i Y L c W T S A Walnut R a O D Creek MT. D n T MT HHRUS RUST.DIA GRG c IAB R Danville TFB EEE e FA LO EN Oakland F AULT F A U NVI a San Francisco A LT V r U ILL a L LLE n T 580 Tracy n 3% E Figure 4. Probabilities (ovals) of one or more c ≥ is Livermore major (M 6.7) earthquakes on San Francisco 21% c Hayward o Pleasanton Bay region fault systems during the next 30 Pacifica San 3% FAULTFA yr. Likelihood varies along the length of each Mateo B ay ULT fault. Color indicates the probability that N 880 Half Moon 101 each fault segment will rupture in a future Bay Palo quake (from Working Group on California N Alto CALACA Earthquake Probabilities, 2003). L AVE San VER 280 R 0 20 MILES Jose A 10% SFAS 0 20 KILOMETERS 11% FA

U LLT T S EXPLANATION A N Probability in a 30-year 17 EEX G IN LLOMXTE T period from 2003 to 2032 R ENTOFRGilroy O NT OF RUP E MA G AP O P 101 RI >10% R Santa Cruz RIETA Q I ETA QUP O Watsonville TURE 1 U F AKAKE 4–10% A

U Monterey E

L

T 1–4% Bay Salinas <1% Monterey

10 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY ing the full distribution of earthquake REFERENCES CITED html, and online, http://bancroft.berkeley.edu/ sources and their likelihoods of occur- collections/earthquakeandfire/splash.html. Association of Bay Area Governments, 2003, Estimates Lomax, A., 2005, A reanalysis of the hypocentral loca- rence. Ground motions are determined of uninhabitable housing units based on earth- tion and related observations for the Great 1906 using seismic attenuation models (e.g., quake scenarios issued by USGS in April 2003: California Earthquake: Bulletin of the Seismological http://www.abag.ca.gov/bayarea/eqmaps/ Society of America, v. 95, p. 861–877. Boore et al., 1997) that quantify how eqhouse.html. Prentice, C.S., 1999, The Great San Francisco shaking intensity decreases with distance Bakun, W.H., 1998, Scenarios for historic San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 and subsequent evolution Bay region earthquakes: U.S. Geological Survey of ideas: Geological Society of America Special from the fault. The nature of this relation- Open-File Report 98-785, 14 p., http://quake. Paper 338, p. 70–85. ship is a focus of on-going research as wr.usgs.gov/~bakun/OFR98-785.html. Reid, H.F., 1910, The mechanics of the earthquake, Bakun, W.H., 1999, Seismic activity of the San Francisco v. II of Lawson, A.C., chairman, The California are other parameters noted in the Com- Bay region: Bulletin of the Seismological Society earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report of the State mission Report as influencing shaking of America, v. 89, p. 764–784. Earthquake Investigation Commission: Carnegie intensity, such as the effects of local soil Bakun, W.H., 2000, Seismicity of California’s North Institution of Washington Publication 87, 192 p. Coast: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of (reprinted in 1969). conditions and path effects, including America, v. 90, p. 797–812. Richter, C.F., 1958, Elementary seismology: San amplification and trapping of seismic Boatwright, J., and Bundock, H., 2004, Modified Francisco, W.H. Freeman and Company, 768 p. Mercalli Intensity maps for the 1906 San Sieh, K.E., 1978, Prehistoric large earthquakes pro- energy in basins. Francisco earthquake plotted in ShakeMap for- duced by slip on the San Andreas fault at Pallett mat: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Creek, California: Journal of Geophysical CONCLUSIONS 2005-1135, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1135/. Research, v. 83, p. 3907–3939. Bolt, B.A., 1968, The focus of the 1906 California earth- Song, S., Beroza, G., and Segall, P., 2005, Evidence for It is important to remember the les- quake: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of supershear rupture during the 1906 San Francisco sons from the 1906 earthquake and the America, v. 50, p. 457–471. earthquake: Eos (Transactions, American Bonilla, M.G., 1973, Trench exposure across surface Geophysical Union), v. 86, Abstract S12A-05. myriad of other major urban earthquakes fault rupture associated with San Fernando Swan, F.H., Schwartz, D., and Cluff, L., 1980, over the past century. These earthquakes earthquake: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Recurrence of moderate to large earthquakes are likely to occur without any warning. Administration, San Fernando, California, earth- produced by surface faulting on the Wasatch quake, of February 9, 1971: Geological and Fault zone: Bulletin of the Seismological Society Furthermore, earthquakes do not kill Geophysical Studies, v. 3, p. 173–182. of America, v. 70, p. 1431–1462. people, buildings do. Even if we attain Boore, D.B., 1977, Strong-motion recordings of the Thatcher, W., 1975, Strain accumulation and release California earthquake of April 18, 1906: Bulletin mechanism of the 1906 San Francisco earth- the elusive goal of short-term earthquake of the Seismological Society of America, v. 67, quake: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 809, prediction, we are still faced with a huge p. 561–578. p. 4862–4872. Boore, D.M., Joyners, W.B., and Fumal, T.M., 1997, Thatcher, W., Marshall, G., and Lisowski, M., 1997, inventory of existing structures and infra- Estimation of response spectra and peak accel- Resolution of fault slip along the 470-km- structure, some of which are very vulner- erations from western North American earth- long rupture of the Great 1906 San Francisco quakes: A summary of recent work: Seismological Earthquake and its implications: Journal of able to damage and/or collapse in future Research Letters, v. 66, p. 128–153. Geophysical Research, v. 102, p. 5353–5367, earthquakes. For example, estimates Clark, M.M., Grantz, A., and Rubin, M., 1972, Holocene doi: 10.1029/96JB03486. suggest there will be between 150,000 activity of the Coyote Creek Fault as recorded Toppozada, T.R., and Borchardt, G., 1998, Re-evaluation of in sediments of Lake Cahuilla: U.S. Geological the 1836 “Hayward fault” and the 1838 San Andreas and 160,000 uninhabitable households in Survey Professional Paper 787, p. 112–130. fault earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological the San Francisco Bay area following a Dewey, J., and Byerly, J., 1969, The early history Society of America, v. 88, p. 140–159. of seismometry—Up to 1900: Bulletin of the Toppozada, T.R., Real, C.R., and Parke, D.L., 1981, repeat of the 1906 earthquake or a Hay- Seismological Society of America, v. 59, p. 193– Preparation of isoseismal maps and summaries ward fault rupture (Association of Bay 227. of reported effects for pre-1900 California earth- Ellsworth, W.L., Lindh, A.G., Prescott, W.H., and Herd, quakes: California Department of Conservation, Area Governments, 2003). The situation D.G., 1981, The 1906 San Francisco earthquake Division of Mines and Geology, Open-File Report is far worse in other parts of the world. and the seismic cycle: American Geophysical 81-11, 182 p. Earthquake forecasts alert the public to Union Maurice Ewing Series, p. 126–140. Wald, D.J., Heaton, T.H., and Helmberger, D.V., Fradkin, P.L., 2005, The great earthquake and firestorms 1991, Rupture model of the 1989 Loma Prieta risk in high seismic hazard regions. Data of 1906: Berkeley, University of California Press, earthquake from the inversion of strong mo- from recent large earthquakes combined 418 p. tion and broadband teleseismic data: Bulletin Gilbert, G.K., 1884, A theory of the earthquakes of of the Seismological Society of America, v. 81, with advanced modeling techniques the Great Basin, with a practical application, p. 1540–1572. allow seismologists increasing sophisti- Salt Lake City Tribune, Sept. 30, 1883 (reprint): Wald, D.J., Kanamori, H., Helmburger, D.V., and American Journal of Science, v. 27, p. 49–53. Heaton, T.H., 1993, Source study of the 1906 cation in predicting ground motions of Gilbert, G.K., 1907, The earthquake as a natural phe- San Francisco earthquake: Bulletin of the anticipated future quakes. Armed with nomena: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 324, Seismological Society of America, v. 83, p. 981– p. 1–13. 1019. the knowledge of likely ground motions, Hansen, G., and Condon, E., 1989, Denial of disaster: Wallace, R.E., 1949, Structure of a portion of the San earth scientists can assist engineers in San Francisco, Cameron and Co., 157 p. Andreas rift in California: Geological Society of designing improved earthquake-resistant Harris, R., and Simpson, R.W., 1998, Suppression of America Bulletin, v. 60, p. 781–806. large earthquakes by stress shadows: A com- Wallace, R.E., 1980, G.K. Gilbert’s studies of faults, structures. We should also be working parison of Coulomb and rate-and-state fail- scarps, and earthquakes, in Yochelson, E.L., together to identify buildings and struc- ure: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 103, The scientific ideas of G.K. Gilbert: Geological p. 24,439–24,451, doi: 10.1029/98JB00793. Society of America Special Paper 183, p. 35–44. tures most at risk for severe damage Hill, M.L., and Dibblee, T.W., 1953, San Andreas, Working Group on California Earthquake Probabilities, and collapse in seismically vulnerable Garlock, and Big Pine faults, California: 2003, Earthquake probabilities in the San Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 64, Francisco Bay region: 2002 to 2031: U.S. regions. Ultimately, scientists and engi- p. 443–458. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-214, neers need to engage social scientists, Humphrey, R.L., 1907, The effects of the earthquake http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of03-214/. policy makers, building owners, and the and fire on various structures and structural Yu, E., and Segall, P., 1996, Slip in the 1868 Hayward materials: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 324, earthquake from the analysis of historic triangula- public to bring about effective seismic p. 14–129. tion data: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 101, mitigation. Lawson, A.C., compiler, 1908, The California earth- p. 16,101–16,118, doi: 10.1029/96JB00806. quake of April 18, 1906: Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, vol. I: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication Manuscript received 30 January 2006; Many thanks for thoughtful, helpful, and rapid re- 87, 451 p. (Note: available today in print, http:// accepted 7 February 2006. ˛ views by Bill Ellsworth, David Schwartz, Gerry Ross, www.carnegieinstitutuion.org/books_in_print. and Keith Howard.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 11

Annual Meeting & Exposition PHILADELPHIA 2006 22–25 October 2006 Building on a Foundation of Discovery Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Recent responses to devastating natural disasters and escalating pressures on natural resources Papers For Call remind us of the need for the pursuit and distribution of objective, timely, and peer-reviewed sci- entific information. The 2006 GSA Annual Meeting will convene in Philadelphia and address this challenge under the theme of The Pursuit of Science: Building on a Foundation of Discovery. The 2006 annual meeting will be an exciting and historic event that corresponds with the 300th birthday of Benjamin Franklin, one of the nation’s most celebrated scientists and a vision- ary leader in the integration of science, public policy, and the open exchange of information. Philadelphia is widely known for its historic buildings and was the site of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the Constitutional Congress, and the nation’s first capital. Philadel- phia was also the center of natural science in the colonies and the fledgling nation; many of the city’s oldest museums, libraries, and scientific collections date from the era, and the efforts, of Image: Ben Franklin National Memorial at the Franklin Benjamin Franklin. Today, the Philadelphia area supports over 100 museums, arboreta, and other Institute Science Museum. Photo by Rich Dunoff, courtesy of the Philadelphia Convention and Visitors Bureau. scientific collections, including the Academy of Natural Sciences, the home of the first dinosaur Delaware Bay, Appalachians, Long Island. Image courtesy of Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Laboratory, NASA skeleton discovered in the Americas; the first zoo in the western hemisphere; and the recently Johnson Space Center. Mission: ISS006 Roll: E Frame: opened Fairmount Water Works Interpretive Center, a museum of watershed dynamics and his- 35659, http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov. tory of the first modern municipal water-supply facility in the New World. Many of North America’s first geologists traveled regularly to Philadelphia to exchange informa- 2006 Annual Meeting tion and share recent discoveries. Our 2006 annual meeting will carry on that tradition of the open Local Committee exchange of scientific information and ideas through field trips, sessions, special symposia, and the public forum. Please engage in this information exchange and the excitement of discovery by General Co-Chairs submitting abstracts and encouraging your colleagues to submit abstracts by 11 July 2006. Robert Giegengack We look forward to welcoming many thousands of you to the City of Brotherly University of Pennsylvania (and Sisterly) Love. gieg@sas .upenn .edu Robert Giegengack and Fred Scatena, University of Pennsylvania Frederick Scatena 2006 Annual Meeting General Co-Chairs University of Pennsylvania fns@sas .upenn .edu

Important Dates, Events & Deadlines Technical Program Chair Registration Opens: ...... Early June Space Request Deadline: ...... 21 June Robert Young Abstract Deadline: ...... 11 July Western Carolina University Standard Registration Deadline: ...... 18 Sept . ryoung@email .wcu .edu Cancellation Deadline: ...... 25 Sept . Premeeting Field Trips: ...... TBD Field Trip Chair Short Courses & Workshops: ...... Sat .–Sun ., 21–22 Oct . Frank Pazzaglia Presidential Address & Awards Ceremony: ...... Sat ., 21 Oct ., 7–9 p .m . Lehigh University Welcoming Party & Exhibits Opening: ...... Sun ., 22 Oct ., 5:30–7:30 p .m . fjp2@lehigh .edu Technical Program: ...... Sun .–Wed ., 22–25 Oct . Pardee Keynote Symposia: ...... Sun .–Wed ., 22–25 Oct . Private Alumni Receptions: ...... Mon ., 23 Oct ., 5:30 p .m .–1 a .m . Group Alumni Reception: ...... Mon ., 23 Oct ., 7–9:30 p .m . Annual Meeting Sponsor Exhibit Hall Hours: ...... Sun ., 22 Oct ., 5:30–7:30 p .m . Mon .–Tues ., 23–24 Oct ., 9 a .m .–5:30 p .m . Wed ., 25 Oct ., 9 a .m .–2 p .m . Hot Topics: ...... Sun .–Wed ., 22–25 Oct ., 12:15–1:15 p .m . Title Sponsor of the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting . Postmeeting Field Trips: ...... TBD

GSA TODAY, April/MAy 2006 13 Planning A Special Event For  GSA Associated Societies  American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists The Annual Meeting? American Institute of Professional Geologists American Quaternary Association American Rock Mechanics Association American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Association for Women Geoscientists Association of American State Geologists Association of Editors Association of Engineering Geologists Association of Geoscientists for International Development Council on Undergraduate Research–Geosciences Division Cushman Foundation Environmental & Engineering Geophysical Society Geochemical Society Geoscience Information Society History of the Earth Sciences Society International Association of International Association of Hydrogeologists Karst Waters Institute The Mineralogical Society* Mineralogical Society of America National Association of Black Geologists and Geophysicists National Association of Geoscience Teachers National Earth Science Teachers Association National Ground Water Association Paleontological Research Institution Paleontological Society RESERVE YOUR SPACE NOW! Seismological Society of America* Avoid panic and frustration by planning now for your Sigma Gamma Epsilon business meeting, alumni party, reception, banquet, Society for Sedimentary Geology or social event at the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting in Society of Economic Geologists Philadelphia. To reserve space for your event at the Society of Vertebrate headquarters hotel or at the convention center, make your plans NOW and complete the Meeting Space Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Request form online.  GSA Allied Societies  Step 1. Start planning NOW. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Step 2. Go to www.geosociety.org. American Water Resources Association* Step 3. Click on “Meetings & Excursions,” then “The Asociación Geológica Argentina Pursuit of Science,” Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Geological Association of Canada Step 4. Go to the Meeting Space Request Form and Geological Society of Australia complete it online. Geological Society of London Or, link directly to the page at rock.geosociety.org/ Geological Society of South Africa space_request. National Association of State Boards of Geology* Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, A.C. Space Request Deadline: 21 June 2006 Soil Science Society of America DON’T WAIT UNTIL THE LAST MINUTE! *GSA welcomes these new Associated and Allied Societies!

14 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY  Pardee Keynote Symposia  INVITED PAPERS The Pardee Keynote Symposia are made possible by a grant from the Joseph T. Pardee Memorial Fund.

These Pardee keynote sessions are special events of broad P4. Holocene Sea Level Change in North America: A Post- interest to the geoscience community. They represent hot is- Katrina Assessment sues on the leading edge in a scientifi c discipline or area of GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; public policy, address broad fundamental issues, and are in- IGCP 495 (Quaternary Land-Ocean Interactions: Driving terdisciplinary. Selection was on a competitive basis. This Mechanisms and Coastal Responses) year’s eight Pardee Symposia were reviewed and accepted by the Annual Program Committee. (All speakers are invited.) Quaternary Geology; Marine/Coastal Science; Neotectonics/

Paleoseismology ForCall Papers P1. : Processes, Rates, and New Measuring Techniques Torbjörn E. Törnqvist, Tulane University, New Orleans, La.; Benjamin P. Horton, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division The concerns about sea-level rise and coastal responses are Geomorphology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology larger than ever in the post-Katrina world. This session, a contri- Frank Pazzaglia, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa.; Paul bution to IGCP 495, will address Holocene sea-level change in Bierman, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt.; Milan Pavich, North America from a multidisciplinary perspective. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Dorothy Merritts, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa. Synthetic view of the fundamental processes and rates of landscape erosion across wide temporal and spatial scales. Review of emerging techniques in measuring erosion and im- plications for landscape evolution, global sedimentary budgets, and human impacts. P2. Evidence for Long-Term Survival of Microorganisms and Preservation of DNA PHILADELPHIA 2006 GSA and Division Geomicrobiology; ; Archaeological Geology Building on a Foundation of Discovery Tim K. Lowenstein, Binghamton University, Binghamton, N.Y.; Michael N. Timofeeff, Binghamton University, Binghamton, N.Y.; Brian A. Schubert, Binghamton University, Binghamton, N.Y. 2006 ANNUAL MEETING Talks will present evidence for or against long-term survival of SPONSORSHIP OPPORTUNITIES microorganisms and preservation of DNA in amber, ancient salt, subsurface rocks, deep sea sediments, glacial ice, permafrost, GSA Annual Meeting & Exposition bones, and teeth. 22–25 October 2006, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania P3. Geosciences and the Media: How Can We Better GSA offers a wide variety of sponsorship opportunities Communicate the Imperatives of Sustainability? designed to keep your business or organization’s name in front of 6000+ meeting attendees and bring you more GSA Geology and Society Division; Critical Issues Caucus, business. Geology and Public Policy Committee; GSA Quaternary Sponsorship will benefit your organization through Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Engineering enhanced visibility in the convention center and Exhibit Hall Geology Division; Association of Earth Science Editors PLUS the Annual Meeting Program and GSA Web site. Geoscience Information/Communication; Public Policy; Contact William Cox, GSA Meetings Department Environmental Geoscience +1-303-357-1013, [email protected], for more details Paul H. Reitan, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, N.Y.; Susan W. on how you can leverage corporate sponsorship at the Kieffer, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill.; E-an Zen, University GSA Annual Meeting and Exhibition to gain traction in of Maryland, College Park, Md.; Allison R. Palmer, Institute for your market. Cambrian Studies, Boulder, Colo. Geoscientists have signifi cant knowledge of hazards (volcanoes, earthquakes) and insidious creeping megacrises (soil, water, resources, climate). A sustainable future needs more effective cooperation with the media for successful communication and The GSA Annual Meeting & Exposition is the premier event public education on these issues. for the world’s leading professionals in the geosciences.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 15 P5. Links between Geological Processes, Microbial P7. Using Historical Photographs and Maps to Document Activities, and Evolution of Life Landscape Evolution and the Impacts of Changing GSA International Division; GSA Geobiology and Climate: A Celebration of the 96th Birthday of Bradford Geomicrobiology Division; GSA Geology and Society Division; Washburn GSA and Tectonics Division Quaternary Geology; Geomorphology; Environmental Tectonics; Geomicrobiology; Geochemistry, Other Geoscience Yildirim Dilek, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio; Harald Furnes, Bruce Franklin Molnia, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Karlis Muehlenbachs, Mike Sfraga, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta This session in celebration of the 96th birthday of Bradford This session will explore the mode and/or nature of links be- Washburn focuses on the use of historic photographs and maps tween geological processes and microbial activities as recorded to document landscape dynamics and evolution and to docu- in the Precambrian through modern rocks and their implications ment Earth’s response to human and natural forces. for the origin/evolution of life on Earth and other planets. P8. When One Planet Isn’t Enough: Celebrating 25 Years P6. Natural and Anthropogenic Disasters: Earth and of Solar System Exploration Health Scientists Working Together to Identify Potential GSA Planetary Geology Division Health Issues and Improve Outcomes Planetary Geology GSA Geology and Health Division R. Aileen Yingst, University of Wisconsin, Green Bay, Wis.; Environmental Geoscience; Public Policy Herbert Frey, National Aeronautics and Space Administration– Geoffrey S. Plumlee, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colo.; Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.; Louise Prockter, Gabriel Filippelli, Indiana University–Purdue University, Applied Lab, Laurel, Md. Indianapolis, Ind. The Planetary Geology Division is proud to be celebrating Disasters, both natural and human-produced, put a large strain its 25th anniversary as a Division of the Geological Society of on public health resources. This session brings together earth sci- America. In this session, the Division presents a selection of entists and public health experts to understand the links between important, influential, and exciting discoveries, results, or con- Call For Paperscauses, impacts, and health-related outcomes of disasters. troversies in planetary geology in the past 25 years.

October in the northeastern United States: Fall colors in the Appalachians are readily visible throughout central Pennsylvania. True-color image taken 28 October 2004 by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Aqua satellite. Image courtesy Visible Earth, http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view_rec.php?id=6742.

16 April/MAy 2006, GSA TODAY  Topical and Discipline Sessions  ABSTRACTS DEADLINE: 11 JULY

TOPICAL SESSIONS T3. Reconstructing Landscape Contexts of Human Occupation Surrounding Wetlands Below is a listing of all approved topical sessions. These sessions are topically focused with a mix of invited and volun- GSA Archaeological Geology Division; GSA Limnogeology teered papers. Sessions are designed to promote the exchange Division; GSA Geology and Society Division of interdisciplinary, state-of-the-art information. Papers can be Archaeological Geology; Limnogeology; Quaternary Geology/ submitted to a specific topical session, and you may choose Geomorphology up to three scientific categories. After each topical descrip- tion below, the categories are identified as they appear on Catherine H. Yansa, Michigan State University, East Lansing, the abstract form. Please submit only in the mode (oral or Mich.; Andrea K. Freeman, University of Calgary, Alberta ForCall Papers poster) and categories indicated in the description. An This session will provide examples of how valuable informa- abstract submitted in the incorrect mode will be transferred tion about human activities in wetland and surrounding upland automatically to a discipline session. landscapes is obtained from the analysis of soils, sediments, and Abstracts Deadline: 11 July fossils from wetlands (lake, bog, marsh, and riparian). ORAL Please use the online electronic abstract form found on the T4. Marine Geoarchaeology: New Exploration of Sites GSA Web site, www.geosociety.org. An abstract submission fee from Coast to Shelf (Posters) will be charged. The fee is US$18 for all students and US$30 for GSA Archaeological Geology Division all others. If you cannot submit your abstract electronically, con- Archaeological Geology; Marine/Coastal Science; Quaternary tact Nancy Carlson, +1-303-357-1061, [email protected]. Geology/Geomorphology DISCIPLINE SESSIONS Jean-Daniel Stanley, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; Eduard G. Reinhardt, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario From the list found on the electronic abstract form, you may choose up to three discipline categories you feel your abstract Marine geoarchaeology aims to understand human and envi- would best fit. Joint Technical Program Committee representa- ronmental interactions during the Holocene in now-submerged tives organize the papers in sessions focused on disciplines settings. New techniques and applications in this new interdisci- (e.g., environmental geoscience, ). plinary fi eld will present the latest research in the reconstruction of coastal and shelf settings. POSTER T1. High Resolution Quaternary Records from Cave T5. Archaeological and Geoarchaeological Records of Environments Natural and Human-Induced Disasters GSA Archaeological Geology Division; GSA Quaternary Geology GSA Archaeological Geology Division and Geomorphology Division; GSA Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Society for Vertebrate Archaeological Geology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology Paleontology; Paleontological Society; Geochemical Society; Tina M. Niemi, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Mo.; Karst Waters Institute Suzanne Leroy, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Mo.; L. Mark Archaeological Geology; Geochemistry, Other; Quaternary Raab, University of Missouri, Kansas City, Mo. Geology This session explores geologic and archaeological data, as Bonnie A.B. Blackwell, Williams College, Williamstown, Mass.; well as historical records of catastrophic events and disasters in Donald McFarlane, Claremont College, Claremont, Calif. human history including earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, cli- mate and environmental change, droughts, fl oods, and crises of Caves are geological time capsules. When dated, they reveal cultural origin. ORAL and POSTER detailed patterns of climatic, sedimentological, and hydrologi- cal changes, and botanical, faunal, and archaeological turnover. T6. Geoarchaeology of Prehistoric Earthworks Contributions from all disciplines working in caves, rock shel- GSA Archaeological Geology Division ters, or karst fi ssures welcomed. ORAL and POSTER Archaeological Geology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology T2. Alluvial Geoarchaeology of Large River Valleys Rolfe D. Mandel, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans. GSA Archaeological Geology Division This session encourages contributions from researchers who Archaeological Geology; Geomorphology; Quaternary Geology have applied geoscientifi c methods, such as , re- David L. Cremeens, GAI Consultants, Inc., Homestead, Pa. mote sensing, soil , , and micromor- phological analyses, to the study of prehistoric earthworks, This session encourages contributions from scientists that including mounds, mound-ridge complexes, canals, and have investigated archaeology sites in large river valley settings. moats. ORAL Discussions of soil stratigraphy, correlation, paleoenvironmental reconstruction, post-occupation burial and alteration, and newer techniques and analyses are particularly encouraged. ORAL GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 17 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T7. Coal Utilization in the 21st Century: Environmental T11. in the Northeastern Issues United States GSA Coal Geology Division; GSA Geology and Society Division; Master of Science in Applied Geoscience Graduate Program at Public Policy; GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division the University of Pennsylvania Coal Geology; Environmental Geoscience; Public Policy Engineering Geology; Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience John Kiefer, GSA Geology and Society Division, Lexington, Craig R. Calabria, GeoSystems Consultants, Inc., Fort Washington, Ky.; James C. Hower, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.; Pa.; Chad Freed, Widener University, Chester, Pa. Stephen F. Greb, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.; This engineering geology session will focus on northeastern Cortland F. Eble, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky. United States engineering geology, hydrogeology, and environ- In this session, we will highlight research that looks at the mental geology. Speakers are encouraged to present papers ways coal geology infl uences the environment during mining, relating to groundwater–surface water , groundwater processing, and utilization. ORAL modeling, geomechanics, engineering geology, geochemistry, T8. U.S. Energy Resources: Options, Scenarios, and Policy geotechnics, and geophysics. ORAL GSA Coal Geology Division; Public Policy T12. Fractured Rock Characterization in Applied Geology Coal Geology; Environmental Geoscience; GSA Engineering Geology Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; American Rock Mechanics Association Leslie F. Ruppert, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Brenda S. Pierce, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va. Engineering Geology; Structural Geology; Hydrogeology This session will examine costs and consequences of extract- William C. Haneberg, Haneberg Geoscience, Seattle, Wash. ing and utilizing energy resources to fulfi ll demand scenarios. Technological advances and case histories related to fractured Talks will focus on choices among fuels, including natural gas, rock characterization in engineering geology, hydrogeology, oil, heavy oil, hydrates, nuclear, geothermal, and renewables. and resource geology. Digital outcrop characterization, subsur- ORAL face data analysis and prediction, stochastic fracture simulation, T9. “Ice House”/“Hothouse”—An Analysis of Late and geomechanical models of fractured rocks. ORAL

Call For Papers Call For Paleozoic Floras and Their Response to Global T13. Mining as a Factor in Human Health Climate Change GSA Geology and Health Division; GSA Geology and Society GSA Coal Geology Division; The American Association of Division Stratigraphic Palynologists (AASP); Paleontological Society; Environmental Geoscience; Coal Geology; Hydrogeology Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM); GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division Larry D. Woodfork, Consulting Geologist, Morgantown, W.Va.; E. Lynn Savage, Brooklyn College, City College of New York, Coal Geology; Paleontology/Paleobotany; Paleontology, Brooklyn, N.Y. Diversity, Extinction, Origination Mining and quarrying may impact human health through Cortland Eble, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Ky.; Thomas either occupational or environmental exposure to toxic sub- D. Demchuk, ConocoPhillips; Hermann Pfefferkorn, University stances released in this process or as a consequence of mine of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.; Robert A. Gastaldo, Colby accidents. Resultant environmental degradation may also affect College, Waterville, Maine human health. ORAL This session will investigate the composition and dynamics of T14. Arsenic, Lead, and Mercury in Urban and Rural terrestrial vegetation during the Permian-Carboniferous ice age Watersheds and attempt to resolve the scales and patterns of biotic turnover. ORAL Public Policy; GSA Geology and Society Division T10. Geotechnical Investigations: The Phase 1 Environmental Geoscience; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Investigation in Karst Terrain Hydrogeology Engineering Geology; Environmental Geoscience; Curtis L. Hollabaugh, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Ga.; Geomorphology Randa R. Harris, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Ga. Richard F. Dalton, New Jersey Geological Survey, Trenton, Arsenic, lead, and mercury are toxic substances that can be N.J.; William E. Kochanov, Pennsylvania Geological Survey, widespread and tend to accumulate in the biosphere. This ses- Middletown, Pa. sion will cover the role of these elements in watersheds in both rural and urban settings. ORAL and POSTER The role of geologists during the initial phases of construc- tion and resource development requires a multidisciplinary ap- Annual Meeting Sponsor proach in karst areas. Papers discussing current karst research, fi eld techniques, and geotechnical engineering through case studies are encouraged. ORAL and POSTER

Title Sponsor of the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting.

18 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T15. Geochemical Modeling Applications in Ground involving universities and community members in aquatic mon- Water Systems itoring and stream restoration. POSTER International Association of GeoChemistry (IAGC); GSA T19. Distribution of Arsenic and Related Metalloids in Hydrogeology Division Surface and Ground Waters: Controls and Challenges Environmental Geoscience; Geochemistry, Aqueous; GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geology and Health Division; Hydrogeology GSA Geology and Society Division June E. Mirecki, U.S. Army Engineer Research and Environmental Geoscience; Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Development Center, Vicksburg, Miss.; Russell S. Harmon, Aqueous Research Triangle Park, N.C. Kaye Savage, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn.; Session focuses on the application of geochemical models to Andrea Foster, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Calif.; quantify major organic, inorganic, and isotopic reactions and Prosun Bhattacharya, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), rates that control groundwater quality. Models that simulate wa- Stockholm, Sweden; Abhijit Mukherjee, University of ter-rock-microbe interactions in pristine and contaminated sys- Kentucky, Lexington, Ky. Call ForCall Papers tems are encouraged. ORAL and POSTER We encourage studies of physical and biogeochemical pro- T16. The Effect of Diagenetic Factors Such as Organic cesses controlling spatial and temporal heterogeneities in con- Complexation, Microbial Activity, and Mineral centration and speciation of arsenic and related metalloids. Surface Sorption/Complexation on the Mobilization/ Resulting challenges for public health and water supply man- Sequestration of Uranium in Recent Sediments agement are also of interest. ORAL and POSTER Environmental Geoscience; Geochemistry, Organic; T20. The Occurrence, Bioavailability and Toxicity Geomicrobiology of Arsenic and Fluoride from Drinking Water—A Lenaye Bolanos, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Widespread Issue Paul A. Northrup, Brooklyn National Laboritory, Upton, N.Y. GSA Geology and Health Division; GSA Geology and Society State of the art techniques are used to investigate the dia- Division; Geochemical Society genetic processes affecting uranium in recent sediments. Geology and Health Sequestration and mobilization processes related to microbial Michalann Harthill, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Achim activities, sorption, complexation, and precipitation will be ad- Herrmann, Arizona State University, Tempe, Ariz. dressed. ORAL and POSTER Toxicity from arsenic or fl uoride in drinking water, especially T17. An Early Involvement of Undergraduates and K7–12 from groundwater sources, is affecting human populations on Students in Geological and Environmental Research a global scale. Knowledge of the mechanisms of bioavailability (Posters) may help in design of mitigation measures. ORAL GSA Geoscience Education Division T21. Holocene Sequences of Environmental Disasters: Environmental Geoscience; Geoscience Education; Geoscience The Terrestrial and Marine Palynological Records Information/Communication American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists (AASP) Nazrul I. Khandaker, York College of the City University of Environmental Geoscience; / New York, Jamaica, N.Y.; Stanley Schleifer, York College of the Paleoceanography; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology City University of New York, Jamaica, N.Y. Owen K. Davis, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz. This session is intended to provide hands-on and fi eld-based geological and environmental information to the geoscience Natural disasters have occurred throughout recorded time community and encourages undergraduates and high school and before. The geologic record of fires, droughts, earth- students to give poster presentations covering topics ranging quakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes has improved in the last de- from purely geological to environmental. POSTER cade through improved dating techniques and close-interval sampling. ORAL T18. Collegiate Watershed Research Projects: Opportunities for Student Learning and Community T22. Sigma Gamma Epsilon Student Research (Posters) Involvement Sigma Gamma Epsilon GSA Geoscience Education Division; Council on Environmental Geoscience; Paleontology/Paleobotany; Undergraduate Research Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology Environmental Geoscience; Geoscience Education; Richard L. Ford, Weber State University, Ogden, Utah; Charles Geochemistry, Aqueous Mankin, Oklahoma Geological Survey, Norman, Okla.; Donald Kirsten M. Menking, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, N.Y.; Neal, East Carolina University, Greenville, N.C. Brannon Andersen, Furman University, Greenville, S.C. This poster session, sponsored by Sigma Gamma Epsilon, will Session provides an opportunity for faculty and students en- showcase undergraduate and graduate student research in all gaged in collaborative interdisciplinary watershed studies to areas of geoscience. POSTER share ideas, strategies, best practices, and results from projects

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 19 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T23. Multidisciplinary Approaches to Geochemical T27. Better Living through Geochemistry: Fostering an Problems Understanding of Terrestrial Paleoenvironments and Geochemistry, Aqueous; Geomicrobiology; Geoscience Paleoclimates Information/Communication GSA Sedimentology Division; Society for Sedimentary Geology; Nancy Washton, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Geochemical Society Pa.; Karl T. Mueller, Pennsylvania State University, University Geochemistry, Other; Paleontology, Biogeography/ Park, Pa. Biostratigraphy; Sediments, Carbonates Multidisciplinary geo/chemical/bio-science: How do we Aisha H. Al-Suwaidi, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans.; make our knowledge bases, experimental and computational Franciszek Hasiuk, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.; techniques, and scientifi c philosophies accessible to a highly Julie B. Retrum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans. diverse group of scientists working on geochemical problems? This session will focus on applications of isotope and ele- ORAL and POSTER mental geochemical techniques to explore the sedimentary and T24. Innovations in Groundwater Vulnerability paleontological record of ancient terrestrial climates and envi- Assessment (Posters) ronments. ORAL and POSTER GSA Hydrogeology Division T28. An Appetite for Apatite: Conodont-Based Geological Geochemistry, Aqueous; Hydrogeology; Remote Sensing/ Investigations in the 21st Century Geographic Info System Paleontological Society; Pander Society; Geochemical Society Jason J. Gurdak, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colo.; John Geochemistry, Other; Paleontology/Paleobotany; E. McCray, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colo. Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography This session will explore recent advances in groundwater vul- Jared R. Morrow, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, nerability assessment. Poster presentations on new techniques Colo.; D. Jeffrey Over, State University of New York, Geneseo, and applications of fi eld-based and modeling studies to quantify N.Y.; Maya Elrick, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, nonpoint-source groundwater contamination and related uncer- N.Mex. tainty are encouraged. POSTER Session highlights recent, increasingly innovative uses of con- Call For Papers Call For T25. Water-Quality Issues in Sole-Source and Principal odont microfossils as a tool in a wide variety of geological ap- Aquifers in the United States plications, including geochemical, geochronologic, paleocean- GSA Hydrogeology Division; National Ground Water ographic, paleoclimatic, event stratigraphic, and paleotectonic Association studies. ORAL and POSTER Geochemistry, Aqueous; Hydrogeology; Environmental T29. The Use of Molecular Techniques to Assess Microbial Geoscience Community Structure and Function in Aquifer Systems Brian G. Katz, U.S. Geological Society, Tallahassee, Fla.; GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division; GSA Michael J. Focazio, U.S. Geological Society, Reston, Va. Hydrogeology Division This session will focus on anthropogenic and natural factors Geomicrobiology; Environmental Geoscience; Hydrogeology that control water quality in sole-source and principal aquifers Johanna V. Weiss, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Isabelle in the United States. We encourage presentations on innova- M. Cozzarelli, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Brian tive geochemical and hydrologic methods used to assess aquifer Mailloux, Barnard College, New York, N.C. vulnerability. ORAL and POSTER Direct measurements of the function and diversity of microor- T26. Experimental Investigations into Hydrothermal ganisms are dramatically improving our understanding of geo- Systems: Implications for Mass Transfer in the Earth’s chemical cycling in aquifer systems. This session will examine Crust the advantages, limitations, and application of available molecu- Geochemical Society; Society of Economic Geologists; lar techniques. ORAL and POSTER Mineralogical Society of America T30. Quaternary Micropaleontology: Quantifying Geochemistry, Aqueous; , Experimental; Economic Environmental Change Geology Cushman Foundation; GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Brian Rusk, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colo.; John Division Kaszuba, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, N.Mex. Geomicrobiology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology; Hydrothermal and geothermal systems redistribute enormous Environmental Geoscience amounts of mass and energy in the crust. This session provides Benjamin P. Horton, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, experimental insight into fl uid-magma-rock interactions in a Pa.; Robin J. Edwards, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland wide range of geologic environments in continental and oce- Microfossil assemblages provide a means of reconstructing anic crust. ORAL and quantifying high profi le issues such as climate and sea-level change, the frequency of hurricanes and tsunami, and environ- mental acidifi cation. ORAL and POSTER

20 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T31. Geomorphology and Hydrology of Montane T33. The Impact of Climate Change on Hydrologic and Tropical Streams Geomorphic Processes in the Arctic and Subarctic GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division Hydrogeology Division Geomorphology; Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography Geomorphology; Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience Joan Ramage, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa.; Rose Fred N. Scatena, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.; McKenney, Pacifi c Lutheran University, Tacoma, Wash. Fred L. Ogden, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. High-latitude rapid temperature increases may lead to irre- Streams draining tropical montane catchments are important versible shifts in hydrogeomorphic regime resulting in signifi - sources of water and hydropower, and play major roles in global cant environmental and human impacts. We seek observations sediment and biogeochemical budgets. This session focuses on or predictions of climatic impacts on processes and responses in geomorphology, ecohydrology, sediments dynamics, and man- high latitudes. ORAL and POSTER agement of these systems. ORAL and POSTER T34. Erosion: Processes, Rates, and New Measuring

T32. Linking Sediment Dynamics and Geomorphology in Techniques (Posters) ForCall Papers Tidal Marshes and Estuaries GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division GSA Sedimentary Geology Division Geomorphology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology Geomorphology; Marine/Coastal Science; Sediments, Clastic Frank Pazzaglia, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pa.; Paul Christopher Sommerfi eld, University of Delaware, Lewes, Del.; Bierman, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt.; Milan Pavich, Raymond Torres, University of South Carolina, Columbia, S.C. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Dorothy Merritts, Franklin This session focuses on sediment dynamics, the evolution of and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa. estuarine landscapes and seascapes, and the linkages between Synthetic view of the fundamental processes and rates of land- process and morphology. Spatial and temporal scales of interest scape erosion across wide temporal and spatial scales. Review range from bedform to drainage network development. ORAL of emerging techniques in measuring erosion and implications and POSTER for landscape evolution, global sedimentary budgets, and hu- man impacts. POSTER

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 21 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T35. Watershed-Based Approaches to River Restoration Demian Saffer, The Pennsylvania State University, University GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division; GSA Park, Pa.; Jim Evans, Utah State University, Logan, Utah; Engineering Geology Division Glenn Spinelli, New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology, Socorro, N.Mex. Geomorphology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology; Engineering Geology Fluids at plate boundaries infl uence deformation behavior, as well as global thermal, solute, and mass budgets. Presentations Sara L. Rathburn, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colo.; will include fi eld, laboratory, and theoretical studies that provide Karin Boyd, Applied Geomorphology Inc., Bozeman, Mont. quantitative insight into fl uid-assisted mechanical and chemical This session emphasizes river restoration through manipula- processes. ORAL and POSTER tion of watershed-scale processes at broad temporal and spatial T38. Earthquakes and Effects on Health scales. Restoration approaches that accommodate natural vari- ability of rivers to enhance ecological integrity will be high- GSA Geology and Health Division; GSA Geology and Society lighted. ORAL Division; GSA Engineering Geology Division T36. Surfi cial Processes at the Hyperarid Limit: Current Geophysics//Seismology; Tectonics; Research in the Atacama Desert, Chile Environmental Geoscience GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division Constantin Cranganu, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, N.Y. Geomorphology; Sediments, Clastic; Geomicrobiology The recent Pakistan earthquake illustrated health problems of remote areas including habitat and hospital destruction, re- Jason A. Rech, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio; Ronald G. duced retrieval of buried survivors, impaired rescue aid due to Amundson, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. isolation, and greater health hazards than in urban areas. ORAL This session focuses on the quantifi cation of surfi cial pro- T39. Innovative Watershed-Based Approaches for cesses and landforms in the Atacama Desert and the use of Integrating Research and Education these features to interpret environmental change on Earth and Mars. ORAL and POSTER GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Geoscience Teachers T37. Fluids at Plate Boundaries: Agents of Mechanical and Geoscience Education; Environmental Geoscience; Hydrogeology

Call For Papers Call For Chemical Processes GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Structural Geology and Joseph R. Graney, Binghamton University, Binghamton, N.Y.; Tectonics Division Michele Hluchy, Alfred University, Alfred, N.Y. Geophysics/Tectonophysics/Seismology; Structural Geology; Watershed-scale studies are ideal for demonstrating biogeo- Tectonics chemical complexity from research and education perspectives. GSA Trivia Night AUTHORS! Come along and test your AUTHORS! knowledge of geoscience trivia at this evening of fun. Over 100 questions will Do you have a new have you racking your brain  book to promote? and testing your skills! Register a team or join a Place your work in the Members’ Corner mixed team. Meet new (GSA Combined Publisher’s Display) people, share your

knowledge, and have a GSA Annual Meeting Bookstore great evening in Philadelphia. Philadelphia • 22-25 October 2006 Winning teams will be awarded fabulous prizes • Take advantage of your professional society to promote and the prestige of being your book to thousands of your peers GSA Trivia Night winners! • Display in the popular, high-traffic GSA bookstore, where geoscientists are looking for interesting new publications • Free pre-meeting publicity in GSA Connection

For additional information and display service fees contact Ann Crawford. Teams and individuals can E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +1.303.357.1053 register before the event. E-mail [email protected].

22 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

This session will provide overviews of watershed-based activi- Andrew M. Buddington, Spokane Community College, ties from urban and rural locations in pristine and polluted en- Spokane, Wash.; Eric S. Cheney, University of Washington, vironments. ORAL Seattle, Wash. T40. Geohazards—Teachable Moments for Students This session will address energy and resource issues in geo- and the Public: An Illustrated Community Discussion science education. We seek best practices at the classroom, (Posters) curriculum, and public levels. Possible examples include lab National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience exercises, resource courses, informal education activities, and Education Division; GSA Geology and Society Division; Public experiential learning. ORAL Policy; GSA Engineering Geology Division T44. Beyond the Content: Teaching Scientifi c and Geoscience Education; Environmental Geoscience; Public Citizenship Skills in the Geosciences (Posters) Policy National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience David W. Mogk, Montana State University, Bozeman, Mont.; Education Division Cathryn A. Manduca, Carleton College, Northfi eld, Minn.; Geoscience Education; Geoscience Information/ Barbara Tewksbury, Hamilton College, Clinton, N.Y. Communication ForCall Papers Natural and human-caused geohazards impact humanity on Erin Campbell-Stone, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo.; local, national, and international scales. This session will ex- James D. Myers, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo. plore opportunities to inform students and the public about the Scientifi c and citizenship literacy help students to succeed ac- importance and relevance of geology in light of these events. ademically and to apply their knowledge to society as an active POSTER participant. This session seeks ideas and best practices in ad- T41. Using Large Experiments and Programs for dressing the students’ literacy needs within geoscience courses. Education and Outreach: Examples from EarthScope, the POSTER Joint Oceanographic Institutions, and Others T45. Service Learning and Community Service in Earth GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Science Courses: Community Involvement in Earth Geoscience Teachers Science Education Geoscience Education; Geoscience Information/ National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience Communication; Public Policy Education Division John E. DeLaughter, Washington, D.C.; Leslie Peart, Joint Geoscience Education; Geoscience Information/ Oceanographic Institutions, Washington, D.C. Communication; Environmental Geoscience This session will focus on special issues inherent to education Suzanne O’Connell, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn. and outreach in large experiments and programs with particular Service learning joins theory with practice and action for aca- emphasis on developing and maintaining a high level of public demic credit. Community service has a less academic focus. In interest and interaction. ORAL both, students develop citizenship skills, apply learning to real T42. Visualization in the Geosciences life projects, and strengthen community relationships. ORAL GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of and POSTER Geoscience Teachers; GSA Engineering Geology Division T46. Teaching Hydrogeology in the 21st Century Geoscience Education; Geoscience Information/ GSA Hydrogeology Division; National Association of Geoscience Communication Teachers; GSA Education Division Sarah Titus, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.; Eric Geoscience Education; Hydrogeology Horsman, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.; Cathryn Martin F. Helmke, West Chester University, West Chester, Pa.; Manduca, Carleton College, Northfi eld, Minn. Barbara J. Tewksbury, Hamilton College, Clinton, N.Y. New tools are revolutionizing how geoscientists collect, dis- We encourage abstracts that showcase effective methods of play, and interact with data. Cognitive science is shedding new teaching hydrogeology in the classroom, laboratory, and fi eld. light on the development of spatial cognitive skills. We encour- This session will also present outcomes from the 2005 work- age papers that address geoscience visualization from both per- shop Teaching Hydrogeology in the 21st Century (http://serc. spectives. ORAL and POSTER carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/hydrogeo/index.html). ORAL T43. Addressing Present and Future Energy, Mineral, and and POSTER Water Issues in the Classroom: The Need to Prepare Both Educated Citizens and Geoscientists National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience Annual Meeting Sponsor Education Division; GSA Geology and Society Division Geoscience Education; Geoscience Information/ Communication

Title Sponsor of the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 23 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T47. Learning from Disaster: Using Natural Disasters to T51. G–K12 (Graduate–K–12) Education: Improving Teach Geoscience Concepts, Spatial Understanding, and Understanding of Geologic Concepts at All Levels Temporal Scale (Posters) GSA Geoscience Education Division; GSA Engineering Geology GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Division Geoscience Teachers Geoscience Education; Quaternary Geology and Geoscience Education Geomorphology; Sediments, Clastic N.J. McMillan, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, N.Mex.; James H. Kirby, University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla. Dave Mayo, California State University, Los Angeles, Calif. Using recent disasters as a starting point to discuss natural Participants and principal investigators of National Science causes of catastrophic events, their spatial relationships with the Foundation–funded G–K12 partnerships between universities planet, and temporal context of occurrence creates a unique and K–12 schools will share the challenges and benefi ts of sus- learning environment for students in grades 5–12. ORAL tained interactions between geoscience graduate students, K–12 T48. Geology in the National Parks: Research, Mapping, teachers, and K–12 students. POSTER and Resource Management T52. Preparing Future K–12 Teachers of Earth Science National Park Service; GSA Geology and Society Division GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Geoscience Education Geoscience Teachers Bruce A. Heise, National Park Service, Lakewood, Colo.; Geoscience Education Timothy B. Connors, Denver, Colo.; Jim Wood, National Park Heather L. Petcovic, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Service, Denver, Colo. Mich.; Elizabeth Nagy-Shadman, California State University, This session addresses the role of geoscience in the National Northridge, Calif.; Michael J. Passow, White Plains Middle Parks. Presentations are encouraged on geologic research, geo- School, White Plains, N.Y. logic mapping, paleontology, coastal geology, glacier studies, How do we ensure that prospective K–12 teachers have a and resource management in National Parks, monuments, sea- meaningful understanding of the geosciences? This session con- shores, and historic sites. ORAL and POSTER siders effective methods, courses, curricula, technology, and Call For Papers Call For T49. Building New and Rebuilding Defunct College and fi eld programs that enhance the geoscience content knowledge University Geoscience Programs for the 21st Century: of future teachers. ORAL and POSTER Challenges and Opportunities, Successes and Failures T53. Teaching Instrumentation to Geoscience Students: (Posters) Course Design, Objectives, and Presentations GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Geoscience Teachers Geoscience Teachers Geoscience Education Geoscience Education Kurt A. Shoemaker, Shawnee State University, Portsmouth, Elizabeth J. Catlos, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Okla.; Ohio; Jeffrey A. Bauer, Shawnee State University, Portsmouth, George Morgan, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla. Ohio Geoscience-related instrumentation courses (electron micro- Focuses on the challenges of launching new or extensively probe, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ion mi- rebuilding existing but weakened undergraduate (major and croprobe) are becoming increasingly important for students at minor) and graduate-level geoscience programs. Contributions all levels. We encourage presentations from faculty who teach encouraged from departments which are actively building or these courses and incorporate equipment into their existing cur- have successfully launched new programs. POSTER riculum and from students. ORAL and POSTER T50. Effective Online Strategies for Teaching Geoscience T54. Translating Earth: Conceptions Research in Earth at a Distance Science Education GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of GSA Geoscience Education Division; National Association of Geoscience Teachers Geoscience Teachers Geoscience Education Geoscience Education Laura A. Guertin, Penn State Delaware County, Media, Pa.; Julie C. Libarkin, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio Tanya Furman, Pennsylvania State University, University This session will bring together researchers to discuss the lat- Park, Pa. est fi ndings in conceptions and conceptual change research in Technology enables geoscience content to be delivered the geological sciences, as well as implications of this research through online lectures and virtual fi eldtrips to students un- for teaching geology. ORAL and POSTER able to access a geoscience course. This session will share effective strategies to provide geoscience instruction in an online environment. ORAL and POSTER

24 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T55. Successes in Professional Development of Earth Science Teachers: Courses, Workshops, Partnerships, and Professional Development Opportunities that Work National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience Education Division Geoscience Education Nathalie N. Brandes, Montgomery College, Conroe, Tex.; Eric L. Cohen, Moriches, N.Y. This session features successful programs that enhance K–12 earth science education through teacher education/enhance- ment programs that focus on any or all of the following: content knowledge, fi eld experience, effective teaching strategies, and '3!!$PDF0- exemplary classroom/teacher resources. ORAL Call ForCall Papers T56. Successful Strategies for Recruiting and Retaining Undergraduate Geoscience Majors National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience Education Division Geoscience Education Barbara Tewksbury, Hamilton College, Clinton, N.Y.; Carolyn Eyles, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario; R. Heather Macdonald, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Va. Few departments can thrive without making conscious efforts to recruit and retain students. We encourage abstracts that show- case creative and successful strategies for recruitment and reten- tion that can be adapted for use in other departments. ORAL

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 25 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T57. We Can Do Better: Alternatives to the Same Old Lab- T61. Geology and America’s Early Wars Lecture Format in the College Classroom GSA Division; National Park Service; GSA National Association of Geoscience Teachers; GSA Geoscience Engineering Geology Division; History of the Earth Sciences Education Division Society (HESS); GSA Archaeological Geology Division, GSA Geoscience Education Quaternary and Geomorphology Division; GSA Geology and Society Divsion Dexter Perkins, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, N.Dak.; Elizabeth King, Illinois State University, Normal, Ill. History of Geology; Engineering Geology; Archaeological Geology Many educators fi nd that traditional science classrooms do a poor job of promoting learning. Speakers in this session will de- Bob Higgins, Education and Outreach Branch, Geologic scribe innovative alternative pedagogies, activities, and schedul- Resources Division, National Park Service, Denver, Colo.; ing that are exciting and promote student learning. ORAL and William R. Brice, University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown, Pa.; POSTER Judy Ehlen, Fredericksburg, Va. T58. Geology of Parks and Public Lands: Effective and Geology plays a critical role in every military venture. This Innovative Informal Earth Science Education for the session will examine how the American geologic setting, includ- Masses ing geomorphology, hydrology, and resources infl uenced the course of the Revolutionary and Civil wars and other confl icts. National Park Service; Bureau of Land Management; ORAL Association of Earth Science Editors T62. Transcendental Geology: Henry David Thoreau and Geoscience Information/Communication; Geoscience Nineteenth-Century Science Education GSA History of Geology Division; History of the Earth Sciences Marion Malinowski, Bureau of Land Management, Lakewood, Society (HESS) Colo.; Jim F. Wood, National Park Service, Lakewood, Colo.; Melanie Ransmeier, National Park Service, Denver, Colo.; History of Geology; Geomorphology; Marine/Coastal Science Monica Gaiswinkler Easton, Ministry of Northern Development Jon D. Inners, Pennsylvania Geological Survey, Camp and Mines, Sudbury, Ontario Hill, Pa.; Kristen Hand, Pennsylvania Geological Survey, Call For Papers Call For This session will explore programs and products (e.g., dis- Middletown, Pa. plays, publications, signs, Web sites, virtual and real fi eld trips) This session focuses on the scientific interests and geo- for effective informal earth science education about the geology logical observations of the American “poet-naturalist” Henry of parks, monuments, open spaces, and public lands. ORAL David Thoreau. We welcome submissions on the landscape of and POSTER Concord, Thoreau’s excursions, and his family’s connection to T59. Geoscience Information: Keys to Discovery the graphite trade. ORAL Geoscience Information Society T63. From the Scientifi c Revolution to the Enlightenment: Emergence of Modern Geology and Geoscience Information/Communication; Public Policy; Evolutionary Thought from the 16th–18th Century Geoscience Education GSA History of Geology Division; Paleontological Society, Patricia B. Yocum, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. History of the Earth Sciences Society Discovery in science depends on information made publicly History of Geology; Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, available. This session provides opportunity for the geoscience Origination; Public Policy community to discuss scientifi c information—how it is created, distributed, organized, accessed, and used. ORAL and POSTER Gary D. Rosenberg, Indiana University–Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind.; William C. Parcell, Wichita State University, T60. Geoscience Advocacy and Communicating with the Wichita, Kans. Public This session will explore discoveries made about nature and GSA Geology and Society Division; GSA Geoscience Education the momentous social changes of the 16th–18th centuries, which Division infl uenced the growing realization that Earth and life upon it Geoscience Information/Communication; Public Policy; have a long history of evolution. ORAL Geoscience Education T64. History of Geology: 100 Years of Wissahickon Linda Rowan, American Geological Institute, Alexandria, Va.; Interpretation Sarah Andrews, Sonoma State University, Sebastopol, Calif. GSA History of Geology Division; Structural Geology Division; Resources, hazards, and the teaching of science are major Association for Women Geoscientists; History of the Earth societal and policy issues. Examples of successful geoscience Sciences Society (HESS) advocacy and effective communication of geoscience to the History of Geology; Petrology, Metamorphic; Structural public will highlight the essential role of geoscientists in Geology society. ORAL Sally Newcomb, retired, Silver Spring, Md.; Maria Luisa Crawford, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa.

26 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

The Wissahickon Formation that underlies Philadelphia has T69. Groundwater Availability and its Sustainability been an enigma from the fi rst time it was described to the pres- within Regional Aquifer Systems ent. This session will trace the history of geological ideas that GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geology and Society Division have been applied to it. ORAL Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience T65. Detection of Voids, Tunnels, and Collapse Features William M. Alley, U.S. Geological Survey, San Diego, Calif.; GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geophysics Division; Karst Kevin F. Dennehy, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va. Waters Institute; GSA Engineering Geology Division Groundwater monitoring and assessment to address issues Hydrogeology; Engineering Geology; Geophysics/ of the long-term sustainability of aquifer systems at the regional Tectonophysics/Seismology scale, including storage depletion, water-quality impacts, land Todd Halihan, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Okla.; subsidence, and streamfl ow depletion. ORAL and POSTER J.E. Nyquist, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa. T70. Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Fate, The detection of voids and collapse structures, including karst Transport, and Remediation in Fractured Soil, Sediment,

features, mine shafts, and archaeology sites, is important for and Rock ForCall Papers many problems in geology. This session evaluates applications GSA Hydrogeology Division of innovative techniques for characterization of these features. ORAL and POSTER Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience; Geochemistry, Aqueous T66. Emerging and Innovative Approaches to Groundwater Modeling Larry D. McKay, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn.; Ying Fan Reinfelder, Rutgers University, Piscataway, N.J. GSA Hydrogeology Division; National Ground Water Association This session encourages abstracts on fi eld, lab, and model- ing investigations or informative case histories on the subject of Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience; Geochemistry, groundwater fl ow and contaminant fate, transport, or remedia- Aqueous tion in fractured soil, sediment, and rock. ORAL and POSTER Abe Springer, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Ariz.; T71. Groundwater’s Role in the Survival of Threatened Linda Zhang, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. and Endangered Ecosystems The evolution and widespread application of groundwater GSA Hydrogeology Division models has led to innovative approaches in modeling. The ses- sion will explore these innovative approaches in development, Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience application, effective parameter determination, uncertainty of F. Edwin Harvey, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb.; models, or other topics. ORAL and POSTER Donald I. Siegel, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y. T67. Flow and Transport in Aquitard-Aquifer Systems Many of Earth’s ecosystems contain fauna and fl ora that are GSA Hydrogeology Division threatened or endangered. Some of these systems depend on groundwater for their survival. Thus, understanding groundwa- Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience; Engineering ter’s role is critical to making informed management decisions. Geology ORAL and POSTER Hongbin Zhan, Texas A&M University, College Station, Tex. T72. Heat as a Natural Tracer in Hydrologic Systems: This session solicits new theoretical and fi eld studies on fl ow Current Understanding, Innovation and Application and transport in aquitard-aquifer systems and new methods of GSA Hydrogeology Division aquitard characterization using hydrogeological, hydrogeophys- ical, and hydrogeochemical methods. ORAL and POSTER Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience T68. Gradients at Hydrologic Interfaces as Indicators of Laura K. Lautz, State University of New York College of Key Earth-Surface (“Critical-Zone”) Processes Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, N.Y.; Jeffrey M. McKenzie, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division; GSA Limnogeology Division Temperature can be used as a reliable, cost-effective tracer to quantify water movement through hydrologic systems. We Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience; Geochemistry, encourage presentations on innovative fi eld and modeling ap- Aqueous plications highlighting the use of temperature measurements to David A. Stonestrom, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, understand hydrologic systems. ORAL Calif.; Michelle A. Walvoord, U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood, Colo. Chemical and physical gradients at hydrologic interfaces pro- vide information about processes that can sustain or threaten life. Key processes include , nutrient cycling, regula- tion of natural water supplies, and transport of contaminants. ORAL and POSTER

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 27 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T73. Nonpoint Source Pollution: Sources, Processes, T77. Epikarst to Conduits: Quantitative Methods Applied Prediction, and Solutions to Monitoring and Modeling of Karst Aquifers GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geology and Society Division GSA Hydrogeology Division; Karst Waters Institute Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Environmental William W. Simpkins, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa; Geoscience Carolyn G. Olson, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, Ralph K. Davis, University Arkansas, Fayetteville, Ark.; Dorothy D.C. Vesper, West Virginia University, Morgantown, W.Va. Are we making progress in understanding and reducing This session explores state-of-the-art monitoring and model- nonpoint source (NPS) pollution? We seek papers identifying ing systems that provide quantifi able data and results on which sources of and processes that produce NPS pollution, models effective policy and management decisions about development for prediction of concentrations and total maximum daily loads, and contaminant fate and transport in complex karst aquifers and solutions to NPS pollution. ORAL and POSTER are based. ORAL and POSTER T74. Pharmaceuticals and Other Emerging Contaminants T78. Geochemical and Hydrologic Linkages between in the Environment—Transport, Fate, and Effects Shallow and Deep Groundwaters GSA Hydrogeology Division GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geobiology and Hydrogeology; Environmental Geoscience Geomicrobiology Division Douglas J. Schnoebelen, U.S. Geological Survey, Iowa City, Iowa; Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Environmental Dana W. Kolpin, U.S. Geological Survey, Iowa City, Iowa Geoscience The study of pharmaceuticals and other emerging contami- Laura Rademacher, University of the Pacifi c, Stockton, Calif.; nants is advancing to include the transport, fate, and effects Jennifer C. McIntosh, , Baltimore, Md. of these compounds in the environment. This session provides We welcome catchment- to basinal-scale hydrogeochemical a state-of-the-science overview for this exciting research area. studies linking shallow aquifer/soil waters to deep ground- ORAL and POSTER waters over varying timescales, particularly isotopic tracers of fl uid/solute transport, water-rock-microbial interactions, and ef-

Call For Papers Call For T75. Chemical and Hydrological Interactions in the Evolution and Control of Coal and Metal Mine Drainage fects of climate change on aquifer systems. ORAL GSA Hydrogeology Division; Geochemical Society: GSA Coal T79. Groundwater Age Dating: Current Issues and Geology Division Applications Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous GSA Hydrogeology Division Charles A. Cravotta, Pennsylvania Water Sciences Center, Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Environmental New Cumberland, Pa.; Joseph J. Donovan, West Virginia Geoscience University, Morgantown, W.Va.; Keith B.C. Brady, Department Andrew G. Hunt, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colo.; Jean of Environmental Protection, Harrisburg, Pa. Moran, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, This session emphasizes the chemistry and hydrology of coal Calif.; Andrew H. Manning, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, or metal mine drainage. Papers are solicited on aqueous chemi- Colo. cal processes in mine settings and prediction and evolution of This session will provide a forum to present recent studies, mine-water chemistry, innovative treatment, and long-term en- both applied and theoretical, involving the measurement and vironmental effects. ORAL and POSTER modeling of groundwater residence time on all time scales. T76. Detecting and Characterizing Fluxes of Water and ORAL and POSTER Dissolved Constituents across the Groundwater–Surface T80. Impact of Past Glaciations on Present- Water Interface Day Subsurface Water Resources: Geochemical, GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Limnogeology Division Hydrogeological, and Modeling Studies Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Limnogeology GSA Hydrogeology Division Brewster Conant, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario; Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Quaternary Geology Donald Rosenberry, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colo. Jennifer C. McIntosh, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Session examines preferential fl ow paths and areas of ex- Md.; Victor Bense, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind. change between groundwater and surface water across the Continental glaciations altered regional-scale fluid flow sediment-water interface of streams, lakes, and wetlands and and solute transport in underlying aquifer systems. This ses- the processes controlling water fl uxes, mass fl uxes, and biogeo- sion focuses on geochemical and hydrologic evidence for ice chemical reactions. ORAL and POSTER sheet–permafrost–aquifer interactions and residence times of meltwaters. Field and modeling studies encouraged. ORAL and POSTER

28 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T81. Physical, Chemical, and Biological Controls on T85. New Approaches to Understanding the Cycling of Remediation of Chlorinated Solvents in Fractured Rock Water in Urban Landscapes GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geobiology and GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomicrobiology Division Geomorphology Division; GSA Geology and Society Division Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Geomicrobiology Hydrogeology; Geomorphology Allen M. Shapiro, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Francis Claire Welty, University of Maryland–Baltimore County, H. Chapelle, U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia, S.C. Baltimore, Md.; Andrew J. Miller, University of Maryland– This session is designed to review the current state of charac- Baltimore County, Baltimore, Md. terizing fractured rock sites subject to contamination with chlori- This session explores the impact of urban development on nated solvents and to review available remediation technologies hydrologic response, sediment yield, and landform evolution. in such formations. ORAL and POSTER Contributions are encouraged on new tools for quantifying the T82. Reactions at Mineral-Water Interfaces: The Role urban water cycle at high-resolution space and time scales. ORAL and POSTER of Solute Adsorption on Contaminant Co-Adsorption, ForCall Papers Mineral Dissolution, and Colloid Behavior T86. Peatland Patterns and Hydrological Processes: From GSA Hydrogeology Division the Subarctic to the Subtropics Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Environmental GSA Hydrogeology Division Geoscience Hydrogeology; Geomorphology; Limnogeology John J. Lenhart, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Judson W. Harvey, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Daniel E. Giammar, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Andrew Reeve, University of Maine, Orono, Maine Louis, Mo. The goal is to bring together hydrologists from disparate re- This session highlights advances in understanding how sol- search areas to encourage comparisons and new insights about ute adsorption infl uences contaminant co-adsorption, mineral evolution, function, and future changes in peatland ecosystems. dissolution, and colloid behavior. Experimental, spectroscopic, ORAL and POSTER and theoretical approaches are used to elucidate reaction mech- T87. Stream-Hyporheic Interactions: Hydrology, anisms in both natural and model systems. ORAL and POSTER Geochemistry, and Biology T83. Salinization Processes and Problems in Coastal and GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Quaternary Geology Inland Aquifers and Geomorphology Division; GSA Geobiology and GSA Hydrogeology Division Geomicrobiology Division Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Aqueous; Marine/Coastal Hydrogeology; Geomorphology; Geochemistry, Aqueous Science Eric W. Peterson, Illinois State University, Normal, Ill.; Jeffrey S. Hanor, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La.; Meinhard Bayani Cardenas, New Mexico Institute of Mining Ann Mulligan, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods and Technology, Socorro, N.Mex. Hole, Mass. An interdisciplinary session designed to expose and synthe- Field and modeling studies of the sources of salinity and size our understanding of the hyporheic zone, focusing on geo- causes of salinization of coastal and inland groundwater re- morphologic, hydrologic, and biogeochemical studies exploring sources. The hydrogeology, geochemistry, and management of linkages across scale and process. ORAL and POSTER aquifer salinization. ORAL and POSTER T88. Innovative Sensors, Technologies, and Strategies for T84. Novel Applications of Tracers to Characterize and Performance Monitoring of Waste Disposal Facilities and Distinguish Multiple Transport Phenomena at Various Remediation Approaches Scales GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geophysics Division GSA Hydrogeology Division Hydrogeology; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/Seismology; Hydrogeology; Geochemistry, Other; Environmental Environmental Geoscience Geoscience Thomas J. Nicholson, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, William E. Sanford, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Rockville, Md.; Roelof Jan Versteeg, Idaho National Laboratory, Colo.; Craig E. Divine, ARCADIS, Highlands Ranch, Colo. Idaho Falls, Idaho; John W. Lane, U.S. Geological Survey, Papers will show creative tracer tests such as separating the Storrs, Conn. effects of diffusion and sorption, estimating mass transfer rate, This session will showcase innovative sensors, technolo- multiple tracers, nanoparticles, low detection limits, and com- gies, and strategies being used to monitor the performance of plementary characterization methods (e.g., geophysics). ORAL waste disposal facilities and various remediation approaches and POSTER for isolating or mitigating groundwater contaminant plumes. ORAL and POSTER

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 29 The GSA Bloc of Docs subscription allows you to choose 10, them or keep them logged onto your personal Bloc of Docs 20, or 40 articles from our online publications collection— account, where you can regain access to them for two years from GSA Bulletin and Geology articles (1973–present) and individual their purchase dates. It’s like a personal online library of the chapters from GSA books (1997–present) and field guides. science you need and use! As a Bloc of Docs subscriber, you’ll be able to browse GSA’s online publications. After selecting articles, you may download Topical and Discipline Sessions

T89. Revolutionizing Hydrologic Systems Observations: T93. Recent Advances in Groundwater Solute Transport Data Needs to Ensure Groundwater Availability Modeling: Alternatives to the Classical Advection- GSA Hydrogeology Division; National Ground Water Dispersion Model Association, GSA Geology and Society Division GSA Hydrogeology Division Hydrogeology; Geoscience Information/Communication; Hydrogeology Public Policy Gaisheng Liu, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Okla.; Vicki J. Kretsinger Grabert, Luhdorff and Scalmanini, Chunmiao Zheng, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; Woodland, Calif.; Beverly L. Herzog, Illinois State Geological Steven M. Gorelick, , Stanford, Calif. Survey, Champaign, Ill. This session focuses on the latest progress on groundwater This session highlights the global need to revolutionize hy- solute transport modeling with emphasis on theoretically sound drologic systems observations to achieve sustainable resources and practically useful alternatives to the classical advection-dis- goals and provide decision makers with the data needed to persion theory. ORAL and POSTER better assess and manage groundwater resources. ORAL and T94. The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Ground- ForCall Papers POSTER water Recharge T90. Three-Dimensional Geological Mapping for GSA Hydrogeology Division Groundwater Applications Hydrogeology GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Geology and Society Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division Weston R. Dripps, Furman University, Greenville, S.C.; Kenneth Bradbury, Wisconsin Geological & Natural History Hydrogeology; Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology; Survey, Madison, Wis. Engineering Geology This session seeks papers that develop and/or apply fi eld Hazen A.J. Russell, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, and/or modeling techniques for quantifying the spatial and Ontario; Richard C. Berg, Illinois State Geological Survey, temporal variability and distribution of groundwater recharge. Champaign, Ill.; L. Harvey Thorleifson, University of ORAL and POSTER Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. T95. Dating and Environmental Interpretation of This session will highlight case studies or techniques of Lake, Loess, and Marine Sediment Sequences using data collection, management, and integration leading to the Paleomagnetism and Rock Magnetism construction and visualization of three-dimensional geologi- cal models with particular emphasis on hydrogeological ap- GSA Limnogeology Division plications. ORAL Limnogeology; Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; T91. GPS and InSAR in Groundwater Investigations Quaternary Geology GSA Hydrogeology Division John A. Peck, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio; John W. King, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, R.I. Hydrogeology; Remote Sensing/Geographic Info System; Environmental Geoscience This session combines rock magnetic studies of environmen- tal change from lake, loess, and marine sediments with paleo- Thomas J. Burbey, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.; John Bell, magnetic studies that provide robust chronologies for these University of Nevada, Reno, Nev. sediment sequences on time scales from secular variation to This session will explore new and innovative uses of both reversals. ORAL and POSTER global positioning systems (GPS) and interferometric aperture radar techniques (InSAR) in groundwater investigations and aquifer characterization. ORAL and POSTER T92. Innovations in Characterizing Physical and Chemical Heterogeneity in Sedimentary Aquifers GSA Hydrogeology Division Hydrogeology; Sediments, Clastic Richelle M. Allen-King, State University of New York, Buffalo, N.Y.; Robert W. Ritzi, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio This session will feature various approaches to capture aquifer heterogeneity in sedimentary systems with a goal to improve solute transport prediction. Approaches of interest in- clude experimental and fi eld quantifi cation, geophysical char- acterization, and sedimentary architecture modeling. ORAL and POSTER

Holtwood Gorge, Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania. Photo courtesy of Frank J. Pazzaglia.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 31 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T96. Neogene and Quaternary Biological Paleolimnology: Biogenic apatite composition refl ects conditions during fos- In Memory of J. Platt Bradbury silization and acts as a “fl ight recorder” for events occurring GSA Limnogeology Division in the environment. Paleontologists, mineralogists, and others interested in bioapatite research will benefi t from this body of Limnogeology; Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; knowledge. ORAL Quaternary Geology T101. Petrologic Mineralogy—The Study of Minerals in Scott W. Starratt, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, Calif. Context: In Honor of Charles V. Guidotti During his career, Platt Bradbury pioneered techniques in bio- Mineralogical Society of America chronology and paleoenvironmental analysis of late Cenozoic lake sediments from around the world. Papers on all aspects of Mineralogy/; Petrology, Metamorphic; lacustrine analysis, particularly those using biological proxies, Geochemistry, Other are welcomed. ORAL and POSTER Edward S. Grew, University of Maine, Orono, Maine; M. Darby T97. Core Analysis of Lake Sediments (Posters) Dyar, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass.; Darrell Henry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La. GSA Limnogeology Division; ExxonMobil Charles Guidotti maintained that minerals are chemical sys- Limnogeology tems that should be studied in context. This session focuses Elizabeth H. Gierlowski-Kordesch, Ohio University, Athens, on crystallography, mineral physics, and phase relationships in Ohio; Peter A. Drzewiecki, Eastern Connecticut State the study of minerals and their relevance to geologic processes. University, Willimantic, Conn.; Kevin Bohacs, ExxonMobil ORAL and POSTER Upstream Research Co., Houston, Tex. T102. Atmosphere–Ice Sheet–Ocean Interactions: Modern Core analysis and comparison of modern lake sediments and Observations and Historical Interpretations fossil lake rock sequences will shed light on sedimentation pro- Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; Marine/Coastal Science; cesses as well as preservation potential of fossils and structures Environmental Geoscience through time and space. POSTER Stefanie Brachfeld, Montclair State University, Upper Montclair, T98. Identifying Our Most Vulnerable Shorelines: Science N.J.; Amy Leventer, Colgate University, Hamilton, N.Y.

Call For Papers Call For and Policy This session examines recent ice shelf collapse and links to GSA Geology and Society Division dynamic modern glacial systems, and marine and terrestrial re- Marine/Coastal Science; Public Policy; Quaternary Geology/ cords of past ice sheet, and ice shelf advances and retreats. Geomorphology ORAL Robert S. Young, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, N.C.; T103. The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Boundary David M. Bush, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Ga. Revisited: A Comparison of Multi-Proxy Records of Paleoenvironmental and Paleoclimatic Change This session will focus on how scientists can objectively de- termine which of this nation’s shorelines are the most vulner- Paleontological Society able, and how a long-term retreat from these shorelines might Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; Paleontology, be initiated. ORAL and POSTER Biogeography/Biostratigraphy; Stratigraphy T99. Utilization of Benthic Mapping Data in Estuarine Dennis Terry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pa.; Emmett and Coastal Environments: An Integration of Pure and Evanoff, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. Applied Research New data is challenging the hypothesis of cooling and drying Marine/Coastal Science; Remote Sensing/Geographic Info across the terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene boundary. This session System; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/Seismology provides a forum to present new data and to compare multiple- John A. Madsen, University of Delaware, Newark, Del.; proxy records of terrestrial paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmen- Bartholomew D. Wilson, Delaware Coastal Program, Dover, Del. tal change. ORAL Benthic maps are a necessity for decision makers involved T104. History of Study of Environmental Impacts on in management decisions affecting coastal and estuarine re- Health sources. Utilizing the best methodologies and datasets for map- GSA Geology and Health Division; GSA History of Geology ping greatly increases the validity of these essential bottom Division; History of the Earth Sciences Society (HESS) maps. ORAL Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; Sediments, Carbonates; T100. Whet Your Apatite: Advances in Research of Sediments, Clastic Natural and Biological Apatite Gerald M. Friedman, Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, N.Y. Mineralogical Society of America Recorded history of ancient life is nontraditional: fossils, skel- Mineralogy/Crystallography; Geochemistry, Other; etons, portrayals on ancient monuments, stelae, pottery, sculp- Paleontology, Paleoecology/Taphonomy tures. Modern studies of more available evidence are often part Doreena Patrick, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.; of other disciplines, including paleontology, paleopathology, H. Catherine W. Skinner, Yale University Medical School, New anthropology, archaeology, etc. ORAL Haven, Conn.; John Rakovan, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio.

32 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T105. Paleosols, Proxies, and Paleoenvironments explore mass extinction processes that affect both marine and Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; Sediments, Clastic; terrestrial environments, including how extinction in one might Geochemistry, Other cause extinction in the other. ORAL Nathan D. Sheldon, Royal Holloway University of London, T110. Magnetostratigraphy of Critical Intervals in Earth Egham, Surrey, UK; Neil J. Tabor, Southern Methodist History: Contributions to , Geobiology, University, Dallas, Tex. Paleogeography, and Global Change Paleosols formed at the interface of Earth’s , bio- GSA Geophysics Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; sphere, and atmosphere and therefore have potential to offer GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Division; Society for unique paleoclimatic/paleoenvironmental proxies. This session Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) will focus on new proxies and applications of existing ones to Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, Origination; Paleontology, paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental problems. ORAL Biogeography/Biostratigraphy; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/ T106. Devonian–Early Carboniferous Climate Change: Seismology Glacial Deposits and Proxy Records Timothy D. Raub, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; Adam Call ForCall Papers Society for Sedimentary Geology (SEPM) C. Maloof, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J. Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; Stratigraphy; This session solicits new magnetostratigraphies, critical re- Paleontology/Paleobotany views of global datasets, and fundamental studies into the paleomagnetic character of sedimentary materials, especially Peter Isaacson, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho; Thomas addressing fl oral and faunal correlation, extinction, and radia- Algeo, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio tion, and recent and ancient biogeochemical cycling. ORAL and Intended for glacial geologists, paleoclimate modelers, sedi- POSTER mentary geochemists, sequence stratigraphers, paleobotanists, T111. The Late Cretaceous–Early Tertiary Interval in the and paleontologists studying problems related to climate change Atlantic Coastal Plain during the Devonian and Early Carboniferous, with a special fo- cus on events around the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. Paleontological Society ORAL and POSTER Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, Origination; Paleontology, T107. The EARTHTIME Project Paleoecology/Taphonomy; Stratigraphy Paleontological Society William B. Gallagher, New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, N.J.; Kenneth J. Lacovara, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pa. Paleontology, Biogeography/Biostratigraphy; Paleontology/ Paleobotany This session will summarize recent research on the paleontol- ogy and biostratigraphy of the Late Cretaceous–early Tertiary Samuel A. Bowring, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, stratigraphic sequence in the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Cambridge, Mass.; Douglas H. Erwin, Smithsonian Institution, America, focusing on the record around the K-T boundary. Washington D.C. ORAL EARTHTIME is an international, community-based scientifi c T112. Extinction, Dwarfi ng, and the Lilliput Effect initiative aimed at sequencing earth history through the integra- tion of geochronology, stratigraphy, and paleontology to resolve Paleontological Society the rates of geological and evolutionary processes. ORAL Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, Origination; Paleontology, T108. Stratigraphic Palynology: Applications to Geologic Phylogenetic/Morphological Patterns; Paleontology, Problems Biogeography/Biostratigraphy American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Richard J. Twitchett, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK; Bridget S. Wade, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Paleontology, Biogeography/Biostratigraphy; Stratigraphy New Brunswick, N.J. Douglas J. Nichols, U.S. Geological Society, Denver, Colo.; This session explores and discusses the dwarfi ng of organ- Robert A. Cushman, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, Calif. isms during Phanerozoic extinction events, commonly known This session will explore recent techniques and developments as the “Lilliput Effect.” Presentation addressing issues of taxon- in the application of palynology to solving geologic problems in omy, morphometrics, and paleoecology surrounding this phe- stratigraphy and basin analysis. ORAL nomenon are welcome. ORAL and POSTER T109. Mass Extinctions: New Approaches Analyzing T113. Applied Reef Coral Paleoecology Process Links between Land and Sea Paleontological Society Paleontological Society; GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Paleontology, Paleoecology/Taphonomy; Paleontology, Division Biogeography/Biostratigraphy; Marine/Coastal Science Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, Origination; Benjamin J. Greenstein, Cornell College, Mount Vernon, Iowa Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; Geochemistry, Other This session assembles researchers engaged in various aspects David J. Bottjer, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, of reef coral community paleoecology. Research results will be Calif.; Peter D. Ward, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. presented in the context of their application to ecological distur- This session will highlight newly developed analyses that bances facing modern reef coral communities. ORAL GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 33 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T114. The Dynamic Reef and Shelly Communities T118. Biotic Response to Global Environmental Change: of the Paleozoic: A Tribute to the Research Career of Analogs for the Future of Life on Earth Paul Copper Paleontological Society Paleontological Society Paleontology/Paleobotany; Paleontology, Paleoecology/ Paleontology, Paleoecology/Taphonomy; Paleontology, Taphonomy; Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, Origination Diversity, Extinction, Origination; Paleontology, Biogeography/ Margaret L. Fraiser, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wis. Biostratigraphy Effects of atmospheric and oceanic changes on microbial, Leif Tapanila, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho; Jisuo macroinvertebrate, and vertebrate life in the terrestrial and ma- Jin, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario rine realms that could represent analogs for the future of life on A session highlighting the environmental and evolutionary Earth if CO2 levels continue to rise. ORAL changes that helped defi ne the Paleozoic Era as a time of inno- T119. Crustal Melt Flow in Orogenic Belts: vation and complexity for shallow marine benthic communities. Integrated Field, Microstructural, Geochemical, and ORAL and POSTER Geochronological Analysis of Migmatites and Associated T115. Fossil Behavior: In Honor of Adolf Seilacher Granites Paleontological Society Mineralogical Society of America Paleontology, Paleoecology/Taphonomy; Paleontology, Petrology, Igneous; Structural Geology; Geochemistry, Other Phylogenetic/Morphological Patterns; Paleontology, Diversity, Paul B. Tomascak, State University of New York, Oswego, Extinction, Origination N.Y.; Gary S. Solar, State University of New York College, A.A. Ekdale, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Richard Buffalo, N.Y. G. Bromley, Copenhagen University, Denmark Combination of structure, petrology, geochemistry, and geo- The fossil record of animal behavior as represented by the chronology on migmatites and granites is required to understand wide spectrum of trace fossils ranging from the Precambrian to synchronous metamorphism, deformation, melting, and magma the present. ORAL and POSTER migration. This session focuses on data integration to under- stand the links among these processes. ORAL and POSTER

Call For Papers Call For T116. Trilobite Paleobiology and Evolution: In Honor of Brian Chatterton T120. Minerals, Melts, Fluids, and the Evolution of Paleontological Society Mountain Belts: A Tribute to Maria Luisa Crawford Paleontology, Phylogenetic/Morphological Patterns; Mineralogical Society of America Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, Origination; Paleontology, Petrology, Metamorphic; Structural Geology; Mineralogy/ Paleoecology/Taphonomy Crystallography Brenda R. Hunda, Cincinnati Museum Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Jinny Sisson, , Houston, Tex.; Alice L. Hoersch, Mark Webster, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. La Salle University, Philadelphia, Pa. Trilobites as major contributors to the Paleozoic record: Maria Luisa Crawford’s deeply insightful research combines Paleobiologic and phylogenetic investigations, and their role in mapping, mineralogic-petrogenic studies, and fl uid inclusion patterns of diversity and evolution. ORAL data to comprehend mountain belt evolution. We encourage T117. Life on Late Devonian Continents—Organisms and those inspired by her work to submit papers on these subjects Ecosystems in Transition: In Honor of James Richard in her honor. ORAL and POSTER “Dick” Beerbower T121. Impact Craters: Structures, Drilling, Ages, and Paleontological Society Geophysics Paleontology/Paleobotany; Paleontology, Diversity, Extinction, GSA Planetary Geology Division; International Continental Origination; Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography Scientifi c Drilling Program (ICDP); GSA Geophysics Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Edward B. Daeschler, Academy of Natural Sciences, Sedimentary Geology Division Philadelphia, Pa.; Walter L. Cressler, West Chester University, West Chester, Pa. Planetary Geology; Structural Geology; Geophysics/ Tectonophysics/Seismology This session will take a multidisciplinary approach toward integrating data on the biotic and physical conditions of Late Christian Koeberl, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Jared Devonian floodplains where evolutionary changes among R. Morrow, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colo. plants and animals dramatically expanded early continental This session highlights recent advancements in understanding ecosystems. ORAL the structural development, geochronologic and stratigraphic dating, geophysical characteristics, and numerical modeling of terrestrial impact craters, including key data provided by on- going interdisciplinary and international crater-drilling projects. ORAL and POSTER

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Content, prices, and publication dates subject to change. ©2006 Elsevier. EES/FR/AD-30008 2/06 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T122. Asteroids, Meteorites, and the Early History of the This session will explore examples of managing geologic Solar System—G.K. Gilbert Award Session heritage resources and sites through regional, national, and in- GSA Planetary Geology Division ternational programs whose goals are in accordance with con- servation and public enjoyment. ORAL Planetary Geology T127. Scales of Instability in Tropical Environments Thomas R. Watters, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; Harry Y. McSween, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists This session, dedicated to refl ectance spectroscopy studies Quaternary Geology; Environmental Geoscience; of asteroids and meteorites, honors Michael J. Gaffey, winner Paleontology, Paleoecology/Taphonomy of the Planetary Geology Division’s G.K. Gilbert Award for Christopher O. Hunt, Queen’s University of Belfast, UK Outstanding Achievement. The recipient will give a keynote This session deals with the geological evidence for the talk. ORAL changeability and dynamism of tropical environments, over a T123. Geology, Health, and Public Policy variety of time scales, from catastrophic individual storms lasting GSA Geology and Health Division; GSA Geology and Society a few hours to slow changes over millions of years. ORAL Division; Public Policy T128. Sources, Transport, Storage, and Delivery of Public Policy; Environmental Geoscience Sediment in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed David W. Mogk, Montana State University, Bozeman, Mont.; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology Division Monica E. Gowan, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology; Geomorphology The geosciences are increasingly important in their applica- Allen C. Gellis, U.S. Geological Survey, Baltimore, Md.; tion to human health issues. This session will explore the inter- Dorothy Merritts, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pa. faces between the earth system, impacts on human health, and Understanding the sources, storage, and transport of sediment ensuing local, national, and international public policy. ORAL in the Chesapeake Bay watershed is critical to improving habi- and POSTER tat. This session encourages presentations on studies that have T124. Forensic Geoscience from the Classroom to the examined sediment processes in Chesapeake Bay watersheds.

Call For Papers Call For Courtroom ORAL and POSTER GSA Geoscience Education Division T129. Geologic Mapping: Innovations and Public Policy; Geoscience Education; Environmental Interoperability (Posters) Geoscience GSA Geology and Society Division; GSA Quaternary Geology Elisa Bergslien, Buffalo State College, Buffalo, N.Y. and Geomorphology Division; GSA Hydrogeology Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division A forum for those with investigative experience and class- room experience to share realistic information about the ap- Quaternary Geology/Geomorphology; Hydrogeology; plications of fundamental geoscience to forensic investigation, Geoscience Information/Communication including environmental forensics. Use of analytical research Richard C. Berg, Illinois State Geological Survey, Champaign, techniques, including X-Ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Ill.; David R. Soller, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Peter and ground penetrating radar. ORAL and POSTER T. Lyttle, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va.; Thomas Berg, T125. Keys to Opportunities with the National Park Ohio Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio; Harvey Thorleifson, Service University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn.; Hazen Russell, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario National Park Service This session will highlight innovations in geological mapping Public Policy; Geoscience Information/Communication; by showing new mapping, strategies for managing data, new Geoscience Education methods for map publishing and Web accessibility, and how Judy Geniac, National Park Service, Denver, Colo. digital procedures have advanced the effectiveness of geologi- cal mapping. POSTER Examples of helping parks with research, partnerships, projects, and volunteer and paid positions. Discover geoscience opportuni- T130. Geologic Mapping and Minerals Exploration Using ties for professors, students, retirees, organizations, universities, Remote Sensing Data and companies. Discuss possible partnerships, opportunities, and GSA Geophysics Division ways to improve cooperative efforts. ORAL Remote Sensing/Geographic Info System; Economic Geology T126. Conservation and Management of Geoheritage Resources John C. Mars, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va. GSA Geology and Society Division; GSA International Division; This session will investigate new methods and effectiveness National Park Service; Public Policy of using hyperspectral and multispectral data in geologic map- ping and mineral exploration. ORAL Public Policy; Geoscience Information/Communication Robert D. Higgins, National Park Service, Denver, Colo.; Maurice J. Terman, Falls Church, Va.

36 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T131. Using Geographic Information Systems to Explore dust, disturbed stratigraphy, sedimentology, etc., using fi eld Geology and Health Relationships (Posters) methods, polarized light microscopy, and other investigative GSA Geology and Health Division laboratory techniques. ORAL and POSTER Remote Sensing/Geographic Info System; Environmental T136. River Generated Hyperpycnal Events and Resulted Geoscience Deposits in Modern and Ancient Environments John Maclachlan, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario; Sediments, Clastic; Marine/Coastal Science; Stratigraphy David Mogk, Montana State University, Bozeman, Mont. Cornel Olariu, University of Texas, Austin, Tex.; Piret Plink Geographic information systems have allowed for the further Björklund, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden exploration and visualization of spatial relationships of health We are looking for results of studies in fl ume experiments, and geologic variables. This session will allow researchers to modern environments, or ancient deposits related to hyperpyc- showcase these relationships. POSTER nal fl ows. The aim of the session is to improve sedimentological T132. A Visual Showcase for Diverse GIS Applications: criteria to recognize ancient river-generated hyperpycnal depos- its. ORAL A Cornucopia of Case Studies ForCall Papers GSA Geoscience Education Division T137. Epicontinental Seas in the Geological Record: The Limitations of the Uniformitarian Paradigm Remote Sensing/Geographic Info System; Geoscience Information/Communication; Geoscience Education Sediments, Clastic; Sediments, Carbonates; Paleoclimatology/ Paleoceanography Richard B. Schultz, Elmhurst College, Elmhurst, Ill.; Mark R. Hafen, University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla. Peter A. Allison, Imperial College, London, UK; Martin R. Wells, Imperial College, London, UK; Brian R. Pratt, University of This interdisciplinary session, emphasizing the diverse ap- Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan plications of geographic information systems (GIS), showcases broad applications for GIS and creates an awareness of the in- This multidisciplinary session will involve paleontologists, fusion of spatial concepts across the geosciences from the per- geochemists, sedimentologists, and ocean-atmospheric model- spective of both professional and academics. ORAL ers and will extend our appreciation of the behavior of ancient epicontinental seas. ORAL T133. Late Permian–Early Triassic Earth T138. Using Detrital Zircon Geochronology to Answer Paleontological Society Geologic Questions We Formerly Could Not Ask Sediments, Carbonates; Geochemistry, Other; Paleontology, GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Society for Sedimentary Biogeography/Biostratigraphy Geology Ezat Heydari, Jackson State University, Jackson, Miss.; Thomas Sediments, Clastic; Stratigraphy; Tectonics C. Wynn, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, Pa. Michael Pope, Washington State University, Pullman, Wash.; We request contributions related to the tectonics, volcanism, Paul Link, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho mantle disturbances, geochemistry, paleoceanography, paleon- tology, exotic sedimentary features, extraterrestrial events, and This session will provide a forum to discuss novel uses of mineralogy to better understand events that affected Earth dur- detrital zircon geochronology to address a variety of geologic ing the Late Permian to Early Triassic. ORAL and POSTER questions including provenance, sediment transport, and the tectonic evolution of mountain belts, which were not previously T134. Back to the Future of Sedimentary Geology: Student addressed. ORAL and POSTER Research in Sedimentary Geology (Posters) T139. Changes in Ocean and Atmospheric Redox State GSA Sedimentary Geology Division and the Evolution of Life Sediments, Carbonates; Sediments, Clastic; Stratigraphy Paleontological Society; GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology Daniel Larsen, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn. Division This session will feature undergraduate and graduate student Stratigraphy; Geochemistry, Organic; Geomicrobiology research in sedimentary geology. Awards will be given for the Ganqing Jiang, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nev.; Andrey best research papers at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Bekker, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D.C. POSTER This session will bridge a gap between specialists using vari- T135. Forensic Geology ous tools to constrain the redox state of modern, Phanerozoic, GSA Geology and Health Division; GSA Geology and Society and Precambrian ocean and atmosphere. Studies that examine Division elemental, isotopic, and mineralogical redox indicators are wel- come. ORAL and POSTER Sediments, Clastic; Geomorphology; Geochemistry, Other Nehru E. Cherukupalli, City University of New York, Brooklyn, N.Y. Application of geology to criminal and other investigations of fossil and modern evidence based on minerals, rocks, soils,

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 37 Topical and Discipline Sessions

T140. U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Margin Sequences and David A. Ferrill, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Tex. Hydrostratigraphy As a tribute to Richard H. Groshong, Jr., this session brings Stratigraphy; Hydrogeology; Marine/Coastal Science together diverse researchers to review progress, discuss recent Peter J. Sugarman, New Jersey Geological Survey, Trenton, advances, and frame future challenges in the understanding of N.J.; Kenneth Miller, Rutgers University, Piscataway, N.J. low-temperature deformation processes in sedimentary rocks. ORAL We encourage presentations that relate U.S. Atlantic and Gulf coastal plain sequence, processes of sea-level, tectonics, and T145. Unraveling Tectonics: The Power behind Balanced climate changes, and their relationships to aquifers, confi ning Cross Sections and Kinematic Reconstructions units, and water resources. ORAL and POSTER GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division T141. Spatial and Temporal Heterogeneity of Structural Geology; Tectonics; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/ Hypoxic-Anoxic Conditions in Mid-Cretaceous Seismology Deposits of the Tethyan Realm: Characterization and Nadine McQuarrie, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.; Paleoenvironmental Implications (Posters) Delores Robinson, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala. GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; Society for Sedimentary Balanced cross sections and kinematic reconstructions extract Geology (SEPM); GSA Geobiology and Geomicrobiology deformational histories from tectonic environments. Combined Division with age constraints, they have the potential to estimate geologic Stratigraphy; Paleoclimatology/Paleoceanography; rates. This cross-disciplinary session explores the challenge of Geomicrobiology quantifying magnitudes of deformation. ORAL and POSTER Florentin J. Maurrasse, Florida International University, Miami, T146. Geoinformatics: Data to Knowledge about the Fla.; Ricardo Barragan-Manzo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma Evolution of Continents de México (UNAM), Mexico City, México GSA Geophysics Division Comparison of Mid-Cretaceous deposits at sites in Colombia, Tectonics; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/Seismology; Petrology, NE México, the Atlantic Ocean and Europe in order to charac- Igneous terize spatial and temporal heterogeneity of hypoxic-anoxic de-

Call For Papers Call For posits in the different areas, and assess their paleoceanographic G. Randy Keller, University of Texas, El Paso, Tex.; A.K. Sinha, implications. POSTER Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. T142. Terrestrial Impact Breccias One major challenge we face is to fully understand continen- tal evolution. This session will present examples of scientifi c GSA Planetary Geology Division; GSA Sedimentary Geology results obtained through high levels of integration between di- Division verse fi elds and the approaches that facilitated this integration. Stratigraphy; Planetary Geology; Sediments, Clastic ORAL and POSTER David T. King Jr, Auburn University, Auburn, Ala.; Kevin T147. National Science Foundation Continental Evans, Missouri State University, Springfi eld, Mo. Dynamics Field Laboratories: 20 Years On Impact breccias can be deposited or emplaced in a variety of Tectonics; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/Seismology; Structural settings by a wide range of impact-related processes. This ses- Geology sion will explore proximal to distal impact ejecta, crater-fi lling Lincoln S. Hollister, Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.; breccias, and other impact-related breccias. ORAL and POSTER G. Randy Keller, University of Texas, El Paso, Tex. T143. Outcrop Studies: Fundamental to Lithofacies and This session features new geologic insights gained from multi- Reservoir Characterization disciplinary, fi eld-based projects funded by the National Science GSA Sedimentary Geology Division; American Association of Foundation Continental Dynamics Program that began in 1985. Petroleum Geologists Most projects combined deep lithospheric probing techniques Stratigraphy; Sediments, Clastic; Sediments, Carbonates with focused geologic and geochemical studies. Ernest A. Mancini, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala.; T148. Intraplate Earthquakes: Advances in Under- Jim Blankenship, American Association of Petroleum standing Their Causes and the Hazard Posed by Them Geologists, Tulsa, Okla.; William C. Parcell, Wichita State GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA University, Wichita, Kans. Geophysics Division; GSA Engineering Geology Division This session is designed to provide a forum for stratigraphers, Tectonics; Geophysics/Tectonophysics/Seismology; sedimentologists, and petroleum geologists to discuss the impor- Neotectonics/Paleoseismology tance of detailed outcrop studies to understand the variations in Eugene Schweig, U.S. Geological Survey, Memphis, Tenn.; the internal fabric of strata, lithofacies, and reservoirs. ORAL Pradeep Talwani, University of South Carolina, Columbia, S.C. T144. Deformation in Sedimentary Rocks: A Tribute to This session will present the latest advances in understand- Richard H. Groshong Jr. ing the causes, rates of occurrence, and hazard posed by in- GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division traplate earthquakes in North America and worldwide. ORAL Structural Geology; Tectonics and POSTER

38 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Topical and Discipline Sessions

T149. Modern to Precambrian Subduction Systems: T151. Orogenesis in the Northwestern Appalachians Convergent Margin Behavior and Evolution over Tectonics; Structural Geology; Stratigraphy Geologic Time Paul A. Washington, University of Louisiana, Monroe, La. GSA International Division; GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA Geophysics Division; GSA Sedimentary Recent discoveries have challenged the accepted nature and Geology Division; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, timing of Taconic through Acadian events. This session will ex- MARGINS plore the nature and timing of orogenic events within the north- western half of the northern and maritime Appalachians. ORAL Tectonics; Petrology, Metamorphic; Petrology, Igneous T152. Spreading the Message: New Developments in the Yildirim Dilek, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio; Mark Cloos, Presentation and Visualization of 3D and 4D Geological University of Texas, Austin, Tex. Data and Processes This session is aimed at bringing together a diverse group GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division; GSA of scientists working on modern-ancient convergent margins to Geoscience Education Division evaluate our understanding of their evolution via material-heat transport, tectonic deformation, and seismogenesis at plate in- Tectonics; Structural Geology; Geoscience Education ForCall Papers terfaces. ORAL Steven J. Whitmeyer, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, T150. Understanding Mountain Belts from Basin-Fill: Va.; Steve Reynolds, Arizona State University, Tempe, Ariz.; Multidisciplinary Approaches to the Detrital Record of Ken McCaffrey, University of Durham, Durham, UK; Jonathan Orogenic Evolution Imber, University of Durham, Durham, UK Tectonics; Stratigraphy; Sediments, Clastic This session will focus on presentation techniques that ef- fectively illustrate three-dimensional and four-dimensional geo- Andrea Fildani, ChevronTexaco, San Ramon, Calif.; Tim Cope, logic data and processes, with the goal of stimulating discussion DePauw University, Greencastle, Ind.; Amy Weislogel, Stanford on promising new approaches to visualization that can target a University, Stanford, Calif. broad audience. ORAL and POSTER This session features integrated case studies of provenance evolution in sedimentary basins as a tracer of orogen evo- lution and/or plateau uplift, and novel efforts to apply cut- ting-edge technology to the detrital record of orogenic events. ORAL and POSTER

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GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 39 Topical and Discipline Sessions  How to Submit Your Abstract  ABSTRACTS DEADLINE: 11 JULY

Please use the online abstract form on the GSA Web site, PRESENTATION MODES www.geosociety.org. An abstract submission fee of US$18 for all Select your preferred mode of presentation: oral, poster, or students and US$30 for all others will be charged. If you can- either (no preference). Please note: The program organizers not submit your abstract electronically, contact Nancy Carlson, will do their best to fit you into your preferred mode; however, +1-303-357-1061, [email protected]. they will override your original mode selection if they feel your From the GSA home page, www.geosociety.org, click on the paper would fit well in a particular session with other compat- “Submit an Abstract” button and follow the steps given. If you ible abstracts. The decision of the program organizers is final. lose your Internet connection before you are finished, you can Oral Mode. This is a verbal presentation before a seated resume making a submission when you log back on. audience. The normal length of an oral presentation is 12 min- You and your co-authors will be provided (by e-mail) with a utes, plus three minutes for discussion. record of the abstract identification number and password, and Poster Mode. Each poster session presenter is provided you can access your abstract and revise it as necessary from with one horizontal, freestanding display board approximately any Internet connection until the published abstract submission 8' wide and 4' high. Precise measurements will appear in the deadline date. speaker guide, which will be posted on the GSA Web site in The system supports the submission of complex abstracts September. Speakers must be at their poster booths for at least that contain subscripts, superscripts, italic and boldface type, two of the four presentation hours. tables, Greek letters, and equations. Papers for discipline sessions may be submitted in either oral or poster mode. Papers for topical sessions are to be submitted SCIENTIFIC CATEGORIES only in the mode noted in the session description. If a topical Determine if your paper would fit neatly under one of the top- abstract is submitted in the incorrect mode, the abstract will be

Call For Papers Call For ical sessions. If it doesn’t, please submit your abstract for inclu- transferred automatically to a discipline session. sion in the general discipline sessions. The available choices are as follows: ABSTRACT BODY Please keep the abstracts body to 2,000 characters or Archaeological Geology Paleoclimatology/ fewer. The online abstract system will reject it if it exceeds Paleoceanography this limit. Coal Geology Paleontology, Biogeography/ You can include a table with your abstract, but understand Economic Geology Biostratigraphy that the table might reduce the number of words allowed in Engineering Geology Paleontology, Diversity, Environmental Geoscience Extinction, Origination Geochemistry, Aqueous Paleontology, Paleoecology/ SPEAKER EQUIPMENT Taphonomy Geochemistry, Organic GSA provides the following equipment in each Technical Geochemistry, Other Paleontology, Phylogenetic/ Session room at no charge to speaker: Morphological Patterns Geology and Health Petrology, Experimental • 1 desktop computer (With Windows 2000 operat- Geomicrobiology ing system and MS Offi ce XP. All Macintosh or MS Petrology, Igneous Geomorphology PowerPoint XP presentations will work, but must be Petrology, Metamorphic saved in a PC format). Geophysics/Tectonophysics/ Planetary Geology Seismology • 1 LCD projector Precambrian Geology Geoscience Education • 1 screen Geoscience Information/ Public Policy • 1 laser pointer Communication Quaternary Geology History of Geology Remote Sensing/Geographic • 1 lectern/podium with light and microphone Hydrogeology Info System • 1 wired lavaliere microphone Limnogeology Sediments, Carbonate Overhead projectors and multiple screens are no longer Sediments, Clastic Marine/Coastal Science part of the standard set-up; however, they are available Mineralogy/Crystallography Stratigraphy for an additional fee. Slide projectors are not available. Neotectonics/ Structural Geology More information on this will be included in the speaker Paleoseismology Tectonics guide, which will be posted to www.geosociety.org in September.

40 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition

your abstract. Taken together, the body of the abstract should take up no more space than would be occupied by roughly 2,000 characters alone. Campus Reps Are Winners! Check the spelling of the abstract’s body and title using your own word processor. Then read it again and make sure that it Fifteen GSA Campus Reps took part in the member recruit- is something the whole world should see. (We won’t check or ment campaign between 1 October and 31 December 2005. edit it for you.) GSA wishes to publicly acknowledge their vital contribution to For typing and pasting, add an extra line between para- the health and well-being of the Society. These able spokes- graphs or they will run together when displayed (you can do people are building the future of GSA. this before copying, after pasting, or while typing). An Honorable Mention Goes To Abstracts Fee All Participants: Once the abstract is in place, a window to submit payment will appear. The nonrefundable submission fee is US$18 for all Thomas B. Anderson Sonoma State Rohnert Park, students and US$30 for all others. University Calif. You May Present Only ONE Volunteered Abstract Gail Ashley Rutgers University Piscataway, N.J. • Please submit only one volunteered abstract as speaker Phyllis Camilleri Austin Peay State Clarksville, or poster presenter in topical and/or discipline sessions. University Tenn. This helps avoid speaker scheduling conflicts and gives John Creasy Bates College Lewiston, Maine everyone an equal opportunity to be heard. Multiple submissions as speaker-presenter will result in J. Warner Cribb Middle Tennessee Murfreesboro, rejection of all oral abstracts. State University Tenn. • This limitation does not apply to, nor does it include, Grenville Draper Florida International University Miami, Fla. invited contributions to keynote symposia or topical Peter Eichhubl Texas A&M University Corpus Christi, sessions. Tex. GSA 2006 • This limitation is lifted for second abstracts submitted to Carolyn Eyles McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Geology Education or to a Public Policy discipline and is Canada also lifted if the paper is submitted as a Woman/Minority abstract. One of the two volunteered papers must be a Garry Hayes Modesto Junior College Modesto, Calif. poster submission. Paul Kelso Lake Superior State Sault Sainte JTPC to Finalize Program in Early August University Marie, Mich. The Joint Technical Program Committee (JTPC) selects Helen Lang West Virginia University Morgantown, abstracts and determines the final session schedule. All authors W.Va. will be notified in August. The JTPC includes representatives Lynn Marquez Millersville University Millersville, Pa. from those GSA Associated Societies and Divisions participat- Virginia Peterson Grand Valley State Allendale, ing in the technical program. GSA Council approved the JTPC University Mich. technical program chairs. Donna Whitney University of Minnesota Minneapolis, Minn. BE A GSA CAMPUS REP Andrew Wulff Western Kentucky University Glasgow, Ky. GSA campus representatives link students around the world to life-changing Top Recruiters experiences through involvement with GSA. Donna Whitney from the University of Minnesota in Minne- apolis finished in first place with nine new Student Members Join the GSA network of members serving on campuses enrolled and two Member renewals. everywhere. Our 500+ fantastic volunteers introduce students John Creasy from Bates College, Lewiston, Maine, finished a to the advantages and opportunities available through GSA that close second with eight new students enrolled. will make a difference throughout their geoscience careers. Campus reps are a source of information, inspiration, and a Peter Eichhubl from the Texas A&M campus in Corpus Christi valuable voice of experience to students in their professional finished third with five new Members enrolled. development. These top recruiters will receive gift certificates good toward Check www.geosociety.org/members/campus.htm to see any GSA product or service. if your school has a representative. If not, contact Christa Stratton, Congratulations and thank you! [email protected], +1.303.357.1093, for information or to volunteer! In addition, each new Member enrolled as a part of this Watch GSA Today and GSA Connection for details on the membership drive was entered into a drawing for a free Apple Campus Rep Appreciation Breakfast at the Annual Meeting in iPod. The lucky winner was Brandon C. Jackson from Austin Philadelphia, 22–25 October 2006. Peay State University in Clarksville, Tenn. His campus rep is Phyllis Camilleri.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 41 The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition STUDENTS: Apply for Travel Grants Today! The GSA Foundation has made US$4,500 in grants avail- able to each of the six GSA Sections. The money, when PHILADELPHIA 2006 combined with equal funds from the Sections, is used to help GSA undergraduate Student Associates and graduate Student Members travel to GSA meetings. For informa- tion and deadlines, please visit the Section Web sites listed Exhibitors Provide It All! below or contact the Section secretary directly. Do you have a product to sell? Cordilleran www.geosociety.org/sectdiv/cord/ The Cordilleran Section will not be A new service to unveil? offering student travel grants to the annual meeting this year. A school or program to promote?

Rocky Mountain www.geosociety.org/sectdiv/ The GSA Annual Meeting Exhibit Hall showcases rockymtn/ more than 200 organizations offering the latest in scien- Kenneth E. Kolm tific instrumentation; field supplies and gear; computer +1-303-231-9115 ext.110 software/hardware; geological publications; laboratory [email protected] services; gems, minerals, and fossils; and information on earth science programs at various institutions. North-Central www.geosociety.org/sectdiv/northc/ Find out more about our current 2006 exhibitors John P. Szabo by visiting our Web site at www.geosociety.org/meet- +1-330-972-7630 ings/2006/. Exhibitors reach more than 6,300 influential [email protected] and key decision makers from the geoscience commu- nity, meeting face-to-face with attendees and developing Northeastern www.geosociety.org/sectdiv/northe/ new customers, increasing sales, and educating potential Stephen G. Pollock new customers on products and services. Exhibit with us +1-207-780-5353 in 2006—it will be a successful and rewarding experi- GSA 2006 [email protected] ence for everyone!

South-Central www.geosociety.org/sectdiv/southc/ Building on a Foundation of Discovery Matthew W. Totten +1-913-532-6101 For more information on [email protected] becoming an exhibitor, contact Cindy Harig Southeastern www.geosociety.org/sectdiv/southe/ with GSA Exhibits Management Services Donald W. Neal +1-303-914-0695 +1-252-328-4392 or [email protected]. [email protected] Welcoming Party and Future GSA Annual Meetings Exhibit Hall Hours Our Welcoming Party kicks off the 2007 Denver (October 28–31) GSA Annual Meeting in the Exhibit Hall 2008* TBD on Sunday, 22 Oct., 5:30–7:30 p.m. 2009 Portland, Ore. (October 18–21) This event provides exposure to 6,000+ 2010 Denver (October 31–November 3) attendees with no conflicting events! 2011 Minneapolis (October 9–12) Exhibits are also open Mon.–Tues., 23–24 Oct., 9 a.m.–5:30 p.m., and Wed., 25 Oct., 9 a.m.–2 p.m. * Joint meeting with American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America.

42 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition  Philadelphia 2006 Field Trips 

PREMEETING Along-Strike Changes in the Architecture of a Fold-Thrust Belt: An Example from the Hudson Valley, New York Thurs.–Sun., 19–21 Oct. Kurtis C. Burmeister, University of Pacific, Stockton, Calif., +1-209-946-2398, kburmeister@ pacific.edu; Steve Marshak.

Behind the Scenes at the American Philosophical Society, the Library Company, and the Academy of Natural Sciences: Research Collections in the History of Geology and Paleontology Fri., 20 Oct. Sponsored by GSA History of Geology Division. Gary Rosenberg, Indiana University–Purdue University, Indianapolis, Ind., +1-317-274-7468, [email protected]; Sally Newcomb.

Buried Holocene Streams and Legacy Sediment: Late Pleistocene to Historical Changes in Stream Form and Process and Implications for Stream Restoration, Mid-Atlantic Piedmont Region Sat., 21 Oct. Dorothy Merritts, Franklin and Marshall College, GSA 2006 Lancaster, Pa., +1-717-291-4398, [email protected]; Robert Walter; Ward Oberholtzer. A true-color view of the northeastern United States, taken from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Multi- angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR). Larger cities, including Coastal Hydrology and Processes of Atlantic Barrier Philadelphia, are visible. Image courtesy Earth Observatory, Islands http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images. Sat., 21 Oct. Rip Kirby, University of South Florida, Tampa, php3?img_id=15289. Fla., +1-850-217-1616, [email protected].

History, geology, and society converge to make the field Effects of Metasomatism and Fusion of Host Rock trips for the 2006 Geological Society of America meeting in on the Chemistry of Early Jurassic Palisades Diabase Philadelphia a unique and memorable experience for partici- in the Newark Basin pants. Over 30 trips have been proposed, ranging from an Sat., 21 Oct. Alan Benimoff, City University of New York, exploration of Appalachian geology, structure, petrology, and College of Staten Island, Staten Island, N.Y., +1-718-982-2835, geomorphology exposed along the great transverse rivers [email protected]; John Puffer. corridors, to the history of geology and science, archaeology, and paleontology, to , geologic Journey into Anthracite resources, engineering geology, coastal geology, hydrology/ Sat., 21 Oct. Aaron R. Frantz, Cambridge, Mass., +1-610-293-0450, hydrogeology, and geologic education. Several of the trips [email protected]; Ed Simpson; Dale Freudenberger. have been proposed in the context of topical sessions, giving the participants “a meeting within a meeting” feel. There is an Lacustrine Cyclicity and the Triassic-Jurassic Transition almost equal distribution of pre- and postmeeting offerings Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct. Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary as well as several one- or half-day trips during the meeting. Division; GSA Limnogeology Division. Paul Olsen, Lamont- All trips begin and end in Philadelphia unless otherwise Doherty Earth Observatory, New York, N.Y., +1-845-365-8491, stated. Remember that cheaper airfares to Philadelphia are [email protected]; Jessica Whiteside. commonly associated with a Saturday night stay, which is Late Pleistocene to Modern Lacustrine Processes and pertinent particularly to many of the premeeting trips. The Paleoclimatic History in the Finger Lakes, New York following list is tentative and subject to change. Details and a Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct. Cosponsored by GSA Sedimentary firm field trip listing will be available when meeting registra- Division; GSA Limnogeology Division. John Halfman, Hobart tion begins in June. and William Smith College, Geneva, N.Y., +1-315-781-3918, The field trip chair for the Philadelphia meeting is Frank J. [email protected]; Tara Curtin; Neil Laird; Pete Knuepfer. Pazzaglia, Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, 31 Williams, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA, fjp3@ New Insights to An Old Fold-Thrust Belt lehigh.edu, +1-610-758-3667. For more information regarding Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct. Steven Wojtal, Oberlin College, Oberlin, these trips, please contact him or the individual field trip Ohio, +1-440-775-8352, [email protected]; Patricia leaders. Campbell; Tom Anderson.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 43 The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition

Plant Paleoecology and Geology of the Southern Thurs.–Sat., 19–21 Oct. Christopher (Chuck) Bailey, College Anthracite Field, Pennsylvania of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Va., +1-757-221-2445, Fri., 20 Oct., Hermann Pfefferkorn, University of Pennsylvania, [email protected]; Scott Southworth; Richard Tollo. Philadelphia, Pa., +1-215-898-5156, [email protected]; Rudy Slingerland; William Kochanov. The Great Centralia Mine Fire—Then and Now Sat., 21 Oct. Glenn Stracher, East Georgia College, Swainsboro, Prehistoric and Urban Landscapes of the Middle Atlantic Ga., +1-478-289-2073, [email protected]; Melissa Nolter; Region: Geoarchaeological Perspectives Daniel H. Vice; Janet L. Stracher. Sat., 21 Oct. Sponsored by GSA Archaeological Geology Division. Joseph Schuldenrein, Geoarchaeology Research Two Classic Structural Exposures in Central Pennsylvania Associates, Riverdale, N.Y., +1-718-601-3861, [email protected]. Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct. Richard Nickelsen, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa., +1-570-577-1146, [email protected]; Refining the Metamorphic and Tectonic History of Mary Beth Gray. the Southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont: Recent Results from Monazite and Zircon Geochronology and Accessory-Phase Thermometry DURING THE MEETING Thurs.–Fri., 19–20 Oct. Joe Pyle, Rensselaer Polytechnic Insti- 135 Million Years of History in Southwestern Philadelphia tute, Troy, N.Y., +1-518-276-4899, [email protected]; Hal Bosbyshell; Sunday, 22 Oct. Raymond A. Scheinfeld, Weston Solutions Gale Balckmer. Inc., West Chester, Pa., +1-215-841-2019, ray.scheinfeld@ westonsolutions.com. Rivers, Glaciers, Landscape Evolution, and Active Tectonics of the Central Appalachians, Pennsylvania and Bicycle Tour of the Geology and Hydrology of Maryland Philadelphia Wed.–Sat., 18–21 Oct. Cosponsored by GSA Quaternary Geol- Tues., 24 Oct., Raymond A. Scheinfeld, Weston Solutions, ogy and Geomorphology Division. Frank Pazzaglia, Lehigh West Chester, Pa., +1-215-841-2019, ray.scheinfeld@ University, Bethlehem, Pa., +1-610-758-3667, [email protected]; westonsolutions.com. Duane Braun; Noel Potter; Dru Germanoski; Milan Pavich; Paul Bierman; Dorothy Merritts; Allen Gellis. Begins in Wash- Erosion and the Hickory Run Boulder Field—1st Annual ington D.C. Participants will be advised on arrival options. Kirk Bryan Field Seminar Tues., 24 Oct. Cosponsored by GSA Quaternary Geology and Rodinian Collisional and Escape Tectonics in the Geomorphology Division. Frank Pazzaglia, Lehigh University, Hudson Highlands, New York Bethlehem, Pa., +1-610-758-3667, [email protected]; Paul

GSA 2006 Thurs.–Sat., 19–21 Oct. Cosponsored by Highlands Environ- Nierman; Milan Pavich; Dorothy Merritts. ment Research Institute. Alexander Gates, Rutgers State University, Newark, N.J., +1-973-353-5034, agates@andromeda. Geology of Delaware Water Gap, New Jersey–Pennsylvania rutgers.edu; David Valentino; Mathew Gorring. Wed., 25 Oct. Jack Epstein, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., +1-703-648-6944, [email protected]; Tim Connors; Denise Stratigraphy and Paleontology of the Chesapeake Group Cooke-Bauer; Rab Cika. Wed.–Sat., 18–21 Oct. Luack Ward, Virginia Natural History Museum, Martinsville, Va., +1-276-666-8628, [email protected]; Philadelphia Urban Hydrology—A Tour of the Fairmont Alton C. Dooley Jr. Water Works Wed., 25 Oct. Laura Toran, Temple University, Philadelphia, Stratigraphy of the Cambrian and Lower Ordovician Pa., +1-215-204-2352, [email protected]; Chris Crockett. Carbonates of the Kittatinny Supergroup, Northwestern New Jersey: Special Attention to the Nature and Timing of Silica Diagenesis and the Origin of Nodular Cherts POSTMEETING A Tour of the Peach Bottom Slate—Once the Best Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct. Philip C. LaPorta, City University of New Building Slate in the World York and LaPorta Associates, Warwick, N.Y., +1-845-986-7733, Thurs., 26 Oct. Jeri Jones, Jones Geological Services, Spring [email protected]; Margaret Brewer; Scott Minchak. Grove, Pa., +1-717-225-3744, [email protected]; Mary Ann Schlegel; Charles Scharnberger; Donald Robinson. Taconic Orogeny in the Susquehanna Shelf and Foreland Arsenic in Groundwater in the Newark Basin Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct. Don Wise, University of Massachusetts, Thurs., 26 Oct. Mike Serfes, New Jersey Geological Survey, Amherst, Mass., +1-413-545-0482, [email protected]; Trenton, N.J., +1-609-984-6587, [email protected]; Bob Ganis. Steve Spayd; Paul Olsen. Central Appalachian Transect along the Potomac River Tectonic History of the Blue Ridge, North-Central Corridor Virginia

44 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition

Thurs.–Fri., 26–27 Oct. Scott Southworth, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Va., +1-703-648-6385, [email protected]; Robert Wintsch; Michael Kunk. GSA Mentor Programs at the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting Environmental Issues Associated with Sulfide Occurrences in Pennsylvania in Philadelphia Thurs.–Fri., 26–27 Oct. Ryan Mathur, Juniata College, Huntingdon, Pa., +1-814-641-3725, [email protected]; Looking for a job—now or in the future? David P. Gold; Arnold Doden; Larry Mutti. Plan to Attend the Careers Roundtable Discussions From the K-T to the Coast: Paleontology, Stratigraphy, and Coastal Sedimentation from the Late Cretaceous Mentor Program through the Quaternary, Southern New Jersey Join this group of mentors for one-on-one career advice, Thurs., 26 Oct. William Gallagher, New Jersey State Museum, networking opportunities, and job-market perspectives. Trenton, N.J., +1-609-292-6330, [email protected]. They represent a broad range of geoscience-related pro- us; Ken Lacovara. fessions, including academics, industry, and government agencies. This FREE come-and-go event is open to every- Geologic, Hydrogeologic, and Biogeochemical Controls one. Registration not required. Sun., 22 Oct., 10:30 on Natural and Enhanced Degradation of Industrial Sol- a.m.–noon, Pennsylvania Convention Center, room loca- vents in Fractured Rocks tion TBA. For more information, contact Karlon Blythe, Thurs., 26 Oct., Dan Goode, U.S. Geological Survey, [email protected]. Harrisburg, Pa., +1-717-571-8783, [email protected]; Claire Tiedeman. Attention Students Pursuing a Hydrogeology Career

Path—This Mann Mentor Program is for You! 2006 GSA History and Geology of Gettysburg National Battlefield Thurs., 26 Oct. Roger Cuffey, Pennsylvania State University, The Mann Mentors in Applied Hydrogeology Program Pennsylvania, Pa., +1-814-865-1293, [email protected]; underwrites the cost for up to 25 students to attend the dis- Jon Inners. tinguished Hydrogeology Division Luncheon and Awards Presentation. That’s right—no cost to students. Eligible Karst and Environmental Hydrology in Central students are those who have: (1) checked the box on Pennsylvania their membership application indicating their pro- Wed.–Sat., 25–28 Oct. Richard Parizek, Pennsylvania State fessional interest in hydrology/hydrogeology, AND University, Pennsylvania, Pa., +1-814-865-3012, parizek@ems. (2) registered for the Annual Meeting by 18 Septem- psu.edu. This trip will start in State College and end in ber 2006. The lucky recipients of these tickets will have Philadelphia. Participants must arrange their transportation to the chance to meet with some of the nation’s most dis- State College accordingly. tinguished hydrogeologists. FREE tickets will be awarded to the first 25 students who respond to an e-mail invita- Paleontology and Paleoenvironments of the Upper tion, based on the eligibility criteria above. Registration Devonian Catskill Formation in North Central required. Date and location TBA. For more information, Pennsylvania contact Karlon Blythe, [email protected]. Thurs.–Fri., 26–27 Oct. Ted Daeschler, Academy of Natural Science, Philadelphia, Pa., +1-215-299-1133, daeschler@ acnatsci.org; Walt Cressler. Students: Check Out the GEOLOGY IN GOVERN- MENT Mentor Program! Prehistoric Quarries and Early Mines in the New York– A FREE lunch for undergraduate and graduate students New Jersey–Pennsylvania Tri-State Metropolitan Area will be held at GSA’s Philadelphia meeting. This popular Thurs.–Sat., 26–28 Oct. Sponsored by GSA Archaeological annual event will feature a select panel of mentors repre- Geology Division. Philip C. LaPorta, City University of New senting various government agencies. Mentors will invite York and LaPorta Associates, Warwick, N.Y., +1-845-986-7733, questions from the students, offer advice about prepar- [email protected]; Margaret Brewer; Scott Minchak. ing for a career, and comment on the prospects for cur- rent and future job opportunities within their agencies. Mon., 23 Oct. 2006, 11:30 a.m.–1:30 p.m., location TBA. Annual Meeting Sponsor Registration not required. Every student registered for the Annual Meeting will receive a ticket to this event along with their badge; however, attendance is limited, so arrive early! For more information, contact Karlon Blythe, [email protected].

Title Sponsor of the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting.

GSA TODAY, April/MAy 2006 45 The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition  Philadelphia 2006 Short Courses 

GSA-SPONSORED SHORT COURSES of Columbia University, Palisades, N.Y.; Kent Ratajeski, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Ga. Fee: US$215. CEU: 0.4. Early Registration Deadline: 18 September 2006 Registration information and course descriptions will be pub- OTHER COURSES lished in the June GSA Today. For additional information, con- Registration and information can be obtained from the contact tact Karlon Blythe, [email protected]. (CEU—Continuing person listed. education credit.) Core Analysis of Lake Sediments Beyond the Content: Teaching Scientific and Citizenship Sat., 21 Oct. GSA Limnogeology Division Workshop. Core Literacy in the Geosciences analysis and comparison of modern lake sediments and fos- Sat., 21 Oct. (full day). Cosponsored by GSA Geoscience sil lake rock sequences will shed light on sedimentation pro- Education Division. Erin Campbell-Stone and James D. Myers, cesses, climatic effects, and the preservation potential of fossils University of Wyoming. Fee: US$200. CEU: 0.8. and structures through time and space. Please bring posters Using GPS Data to Study Crustal Deformation, Earth- and/or cores describing your lake sediments. Posters can also quakes, and Volcanism: A Workshop for College Faculty be submitted for the poster session held during the annual Sun., 22 Oct. (morning only). Cosponsored by GSA Geosci- meeting. Sponsored by ExxonMobil. For more information, ence Education Division. Susan C. Eriksson and Becca Walker, contact Elizabeth Gierlowski-Kordesch, [email protected]. UNAVCO, Boulder, Colo. Fee: US$270. CEU: 0.4. Sequence Stratigraphy for Graduate Students Digital Terrain Modeling Fri.–Sat., 20–21 Oct., 8 a.m.–5 p.m. This free two-day short Sat., 21 Oct. (full day). Cosponsored by GSA Engineering Geol- course is designed to teach graduate students the principles, ogy Division; GSA Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology concepts, and methods of sequence stratigraphy. Sequence Division. William C. Haneberg, Haneberg Geoscience, Seattle, stratigraphy is a methodology that uses stratal surfaces to sub- Wash. Fee: US$240. CEU: 0.8. divide the stratigraphic record. This methodology allows the Earthquakes—A One-Day Workshop for College and identification of coeval , documents the time-transgres- University Faculty sive nature of classic lithostratigraphic units, and provides Sat., 21 Oct. (full day). Cosponsored by GSA Geoscience Edu- geoscientists with an additional way to analyze and subdivide cation Division. Michael Hubenthal, Incorporated Research the stratigraphic record. Using exercises that utilize outcrop, Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Consortium, Washington, core, well-log, and seismic data, the course provides a hands- GSA 2006 D.C. Fee: US$15. CEU: 0.8. on experience to learning sequence stratigraphy. The exercises include classic case studies from which many sequence strati- Scientific Inquiry in the K–16 Classroom: What Every graphic concepts were originally developed. Instructors: Art Scientist Should Know about Effective Science Education Donovan, Ph.D. (Colorado School of Mines), BP (British Petro- Sat., 21 Oct. (morning only). Cosponsored by GSA Geosci- leum); Kirt Campion, Ph.D., ExxonMobil Upstream Research ence Education Division; ReSciPE Project; National Academies Co. Limit: 40. No fee. Preregistration required. For information Forum (NAF) Geoscience Education. Sandra Laursen, Coopera- or to register, please contact [email protected]. tive Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Outreach, Boulder, Colo. Fee: US$145. CEU: 0.4. Using EarthEdOnline: Online Delivery System for Data  Philadelphia 2006  Rich Inquiry Education Sat., 21 Oct. (full day). Cosponsored by GSA Geoscience Edu- K–12 Program cation Division. William A. Prothero Jr., Santa Barbara, Calif. Fee: US$200. CEU: 0.8. Education Research: An In-Depth Look at Qualitative Attention College Faculty, Methods K–12 Teachers, Teacher Trainers, Sat., 21 Oct. (afternoon only). Cosponsored by GSA Geoscience and Pre-Service Teachers! Education Division. Julie Sexton, Golden, Colo. Fee: US$200. Join us for the CEU: 0.4. Geoscience Educators’ Social Reception Using Online Igneous Geochemical Databases for Research and Teaching Saturday, 21 Oct. 2006, 5:30 p.m. Sat., 21 Oct. (afternoon only). Cosponsored by GSA Geoscience Look for the K–12 Education Short Course listings in Education Division. J. Douglas Walker, University of Kansas, Law- the June GSA Today. Questions? Contact Karlon Blythe, rence, Kans.; Kerstin Lehnert, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory [email protected], or Chris McLelland, cmclelland@ geosociety.org.

46 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY le re sab fer e i r d e s n

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tectonics, petrology, mantle dynamics, impacts, and syntheses reconcil- Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms ing several branches of earth science. Included are chapters that advocate edited by Gillian R. Foulger, James H. Natland, Dean C. Presnall, the plume model and ones that advocate alternative models. The book and Don L. Anderson will enjoy a long lifetime of usefulness and functions as a reference work for students, scholars, and informed lay people. It is equally valuable This beautiful compendium of work on hotspot volcanism documents the for supporting advanced undergraduate or post-graduate courses and re- development, current state-of-play, and future prospects of all branches search scientists working at the forefront of hotspot science. It is an es- of the subject. It contains extensive and indispensable reference resources sential addition to the bookshelves of every science library, earth science in the form of hotspot, tectonic, volcano and tomographic maps and cross teacher, and research scientist who aspires to understand the frontiers of sections of Earth. Some chapters outline the history of the plume hypoth- this exciting subject. With over 150 color plates, it makes a beautiful ad- esis and other theories for the genesis of hotspots, and several provide tu- dition to the library of anyone fascinated by volcanoes—one of nature’s torials that will be valuable to students and cross-disciplinary scientists. most exciting and extraordinary phenomena. Other chapters present innovative models and theories for individual SPE388, 861 p., plus index, ISBN 0-8137-2388-4. localities, volcano genesis processes, and related global observations. $180.00, member price $144.00 Many of these include subject reviews, making them doubly valuable to specialists and non-specialists alike. The book is fully interdisciplinary, encompassing geophysics, geochemistry, noble gases, heat, temperature,

www.geosociety.org/bookstore The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition  Philadelphia 2006 Registration Information 

Standard Registration Deadline: 18 September Cancellation Deadline: 25 September Further registration information will be available in the June GSA will provide each meeting registrant (field trip or short GSA Today and at www.geosociety.org in early June. Online course only and guest or spouse registrants excluded) with a registration and information regarding Subaru-sponsored copy of the Abstracts with Programs on CD-ROM. The 2006 grants for Pennsylvania-based graduate students and two-year Section Meeting Abstracts are also included on the CD. college faculty also will be available in early June. LODGING REGISTRATION FEES Philadelphia offers high-quality, affordable hotel rooms for meeting attendees. GSA has booked rooms at six hotels, offer- STANDARD ONSITE/ ing special convention rates starting at US$139 a night. The LATE co-headquarter hotels are the Lowes Philadelphia Hotel and the Philadelphia Marriott. Most activities will take place at the JUNE– AFTER Pennsylvania Convention Center and the two headquarter 18 SEPT. 18 SEPT. hotels. Additional housing information will be included in the Prof. Member—Full Meeting US$305 US$390 June GSA Today as well as on the GSA Meeting Web site, www. Prof. Member—1 Day US$199 US$215 geosociety.org/meetings/2006/, beginning in June. Prof. Member >70—Full Meeting US$250 US$330 STUDENT TRAVEL FUND Prof. Member >70—1 Day US$145 US$160 You can make a difference! Prof. Nonmember—Full Meeting US$395 US$485 Help make it more affordable for students to attend the Prof. Nonmember—1 Day US$235 US$250 annual meeting by contributing to the Student Travel Fund Student Member—Full Meeting US$95 US$130 via your annual meeting registration form. Your donation can make it possible for students to attend the 2006 GSA Annual Student Member—1 Day US$65 US$70 Meeting in Philadelphia. 100% of the contributions received Student Nonmember—Full Meeting US$125 US$160 will go to help fund student travel. To get the fund started off Student Nonmember—1 Day US$80 US$85 on the right foot, GSA and the GSA Foundation are happy to GSA 2006 contribute US$1,000 each. K–12 Professional—Full Meeting US$40 US$45 Field Trip or Short Course Only US$40 US$40 Guest or Spouse US$80 US$85

GUESTS INVITED! Make plans now to participate in the guest program at (also listed in the June GSA Today) will be offered at an the GSA Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, and get ready additional cost. Fees cover the cost of professional tour to be pampered! GSA extends a warm welcome to all guides, round-trip transportation, admission fees, and gra- spouses, family members, and friends to register for our tuities. Reservations for all tours will be accepted on a first- guest program. come, first-served basis. Since the tour operator requires a The guest or spouse registration fee of US$80 (US$85 final guarantee weeks in advance, most tours have atten- after 18 Sept.) per person is for nongeologist spouses or dance minimums and maximums. Please register early to family members and friends of professional and/or student guarantee your spot. Tours may be canceled if minimum registrants to the GSA Annual Meeting. The guest registra- attendance is not met. tion fee is required to attend guest activities, gain entrance The guest registration fee will NOT provide access to to the Exhibit Hall, attend seminars and workshops (to be all Technical Sessions. However, guests can sign in with listed in the June issue of GSA Today), and take advantage the hostess in the Guest Hospitality Suite and get a Visitor of refreshments in the Guest Hospitality Suite. Formal tours Badge allowing them to attend a specific presentation. GUEST HOSPITALITY SUITE HOURS Sun.–Wed., 22–25 Oct. 2006, 8 a.m.–5:30 p.m. Registration for the Guest Program begins in June. Look for the June GSA Today or register online at www.geosociety.org.

48 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY The Pursuit of Science • Annual Meeting & Exposition

 Graduate School Information Forum 

EXHIBIT HALL Sun., 22 Oct., 8 a.m.–7:30 p.m. Mon.–Wed., 23–25 Oct., 8 a.m.–5:30 p.m.

Take full advantage of promoting your school to over Because the GSIF will be opened Sun.–Wed., you may 1,500 students at the upcoming GSA Annual Meeting and choose to participate for one day up to all four days. Space is Exposition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Meet face-to-face limited, and Sunday and Monday will be the first to sell out. with prospective students in a relaxed, informal setting. Schools reserving multiple days will be assigned first and to the most visible booths. The Graduate School Information Forum (GSIF) will be located in the Exhibit Hall between the exhibits and the Participating schools will be promoted in the October GSA poster session displays. The forum will be open Sunday, Today (pending submittal date of reservation form), the 2006 8 a.m.–7:30 p.m. This coincides with the Welcoming Party Annual Meeting Program, and in e-mail links to the GSA Web in the Exhibit Hall on Sunday evening. The hours for Mon.– site so prospective students may schedule appointments Wed. are 8 a.m.–5:30 p.m. prior to the Annual Meeting. GSA 2006

For more information, contact Kevin Ricker, +1-303-357-1090, [email protected].

ATTENTION STUDENTS! Would you like to attend the 2006 GSA Annual Meeting & Exposition in Philadelphia but feel that there is no way to afford it? Think again—become a Student Volunteer. GSA will again offer its popular You will receive Employment Service Center (ESC) at FREE registration by volunteering 10 hours. this year’s Annual Meeting in Philadel- FREE Abstracts with Programs volume by volunteering 15 hours. phia. This service matches employers with job seekers for onsite interviews, ALSO, volunteers receive a stipend of $25 for every 5 hours that are message exchange, and more. volunteered. (Optional partial food stipend available.) Last year, 315 interviews were con- For more information, contact Mollie VanOtterloo, GSA Meetings ducted with over 130 registered appli- Coordinator, [email protected], +1-303-357-1060. cants for applied, government, and aca- demic positions in the geosciences.

Register early for the best exposure in the ESC Web-based database, which is accessible by participating employers.

For more information, go to www. geosociety.org/Employment_Service/ or email [email protected].

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 49 ROCK STARS Andrew Cowper Lawson (1861–1952): How a Boy from Canada Became a Legendary Professor of Geology at Berkeley

Gerard V. Middleton, School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada; mailing address: 90 St. Margaret’s Road, Figure 1. Lawson aged 20, the age at which Ancaster, Ontario L9G 2K9, Canada he first took a course in geology from William Dawson at McGill (Geological Survey of Canada photo 201995).

Born in Scotland, Andrew Cowper In 1879, James left for Europe, where he Woods region, nominally under Bell’s Lawson came to Hamilton, Ontario, became a well-known artist, changing his supervision, but working largely by when he was six years old, graduated name to Kerr-Lawson in order to avoid themselves. Returning to the University from the in 1883, confusion with another artist with a simi- of Toronto, Lawson graduated in 1883 worked for the Geological Survey of lar name. The family moved to Toronto with a gold medal for excellence in clas- Canada, gained his doctorate at Johns in 1881. sics, mathematics, modern languages, Hopkins in 1888, and moved to Califor- While at school, Andrew delivered and natural science. He then worked nia in 1890. newspapers, including the Hamilton full-time for the GSC, in charge of the His father was William Lawson, born Spectator, which is still the local news- Precambrian mapping he had begun in Kirkaldy, Scotland, a seaman whose paper. After graduating from HCI “with the year before, while studying geology health was ruined in a shipwreck in great distinction,” he worked part time part time at Toronto (M.A., 1885). This 1865. His mother was Jessie Kerr, a as a reporter for that newspaper. In his work continued during the summers, name she took after her adoption by her last year at HCI (1879–1880), Andrew even after he began graduate studies maternal grandparents. William and Jes- studied chemistry with Joseph Winthrop in geology at Johns Hopkins University. sie were married in 1860, and Andrew Spencer, a geologist later known for his Perhaps E.J. Chapman, then Professor was their first child, born in Anstruther, work on the Great Lakes. Dickson and of Geology at Toronto, had suggested Scotland, on 21 July 1861. The family, Spencer probably made him aware of that he go to Hopkins to learn the new including Andrew’s brother and two sis- geology, but when he enrolled in the polarizing microscope techniques from ters, emigrated to Canada in 1866 and University of Toronto, it was to study George Williams. Lawson’s doctorate settled in Hamilton, where William was classics, not science. In the summer of was awarded in 1888. He was the first employed in a shipyard. He retired in 1881, he was offered a job as a legal of many GSC geologists to have their 1873 because of his health. Six more reporter in Montreal. He accepted, and doctoral studies supported while they children were born in Canada. in the fall of 1881 took courses at McGill remained employees of the GSC. In 1888 Andrew attended the Hamilton Colle- University in geology (from William he obtained leave to travel to the Inter- giate Institute (HCI), one of a small num- Dawson), mineralogy, and medicine national Congress of Geology in London ber of superior high schools that offered (from William Osler). He soon discov- in 1888, followed by field excursions in a classics-based education. After her hus- ered he was too squeamish for medicine Scandinavia, France, Germany and Italy. band’s retirement, Jessie managed to sup- and not inclined to pursue a career in He returned to the GSC, but resigned port the family by writing short stories, journalism. Instead, in 1882, he worked in 1890 to become a consultant in Van- which she sold to magazines in Scotland as a field assistant in the western prai- couver, British Columbia, and spent the and Canada under a variety of pen-names, ries with Robert Bell of the Geological summer prospecting for coal. In Novem- and Andrew and his sister, Katherine, Survey of Canada (GSC), then based ber, he moved to the University of Cali- had to take over many of the tasks and in Montreal. He described this experi- fornia at Berkeley and remained there responsibilities that would normally have ence in detail much later in his life: he for the rest of his long life. been assumed by their parents. One of enjoyed the exploration but seems to Lawson was known for his field stud- Andrew’s brothers, James, showed artistic have learned little geology from Bell. ies of the Precambrian rocks of west- talent, which was encouraged (and subsi- The following summer, Lawson and ern Ontario, and Minnesota (1891). In dized) by his headmaster at HCI, George J.W. Tyrrell (a topographer) began map- 1885–1888, he established that the old Dickson, who was an amateur geologist. ping the Precambrian of the Lake of the granitic rocks, known as Laurentian,

50 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY were intrusive into metamorphic and established a laboratory at Berkeley that forceful teacher who had many famous volcanic rocks (Keewatin), and so were became a famous center for earthquake pupils. A ruthless critic, he was rarely younger than them rather than older studies. He was one of the founders of persuaded to alter his own opinions. His as previously thought. Lawson thought the Seismological Society of America. personality earned him the nickname the intrusive granites were remobilized He also served as a consultant on min- “The King” at Berkeley. He served as older crust and continued to call both ing and engineering projects, including department chair on several occasions Laurentian. His ideas were published the Golden Gate Bridge. for a total of 20 years and was Dean of promptly by the GSC in 1885 (Lake of Lawson had strong views on the meth- the College of Mining at Berkeley from the Woods Report) and again in 1887– odology of the earth sciences (including 1915 to 1918. 1888 (Rainy Lake). His observation that the importance of field studies). Philo- the Laurentian granites were intruded sophically, he rejected his Presbyterian ACKNOWLEDGMENTS into the Keewatin was soon accepted, upbringing and was a positivist but I thank Angus Kerr-Lawson, emeritus professor of mathematics at University of Waterloo, for help with but his interpretation of the stratigra- held near-mystical views about nature, family history. Angus is the grandson of Lawson’s phy of the Keewatin and its associated which he generally expressed in poetry brother Edward (a writer) and provided the sketch of metasediments (called Coutchiching by (see Vaughan’s 1970 biography). A rather Lawson by his brother, reproduced as Figure 2. The Rock Star editorial committee assisting during the prep- Lawson in 1887) remained controver- private, reserved man, he was also a aration of this article consisted of R. Ginsburg (chair), R. sial for almost a hundred years. In 1911, Dott, Jr., P. von Bitter, and J. Winterer. he returned to Ontario and recognized a further stratigraphic unit (Seine) and SELECTED REFERENCES two periods of intrusion, which he Davies, D.W., Poulsen, K.H., and Kamo, S.L., 1989, called Laurentian and Algoman. The New insights into Archean crustal development from geochronology in the Rainy Lake area, stratigraphic controversy continued, and Superior Province, Canada: Journal of Geology, was resolved only partially by the appli- v. 97, p. 379–398. Lawson, A.C., 1885, Report on the geology of the Lake cation of way-up techniques, unknown of the Woods region, with special reference to to Lawson in the 1880s. It finally ended the Keewatin (Huronian?) belt of the Archean rocks: Geological and Natural History Survey of in the 1980s, with the application of Canada Annual Report CC, v. 1, 151 p. refined age dating and recognition that Lawson, A.C., 1887, Geology of the Rainy Lake region, with remarks on the classification of the crys- the Superior Province contains many talline rocks west of Lake Superior: American structurally juxtaposed terranes. Journal of Science, v. 33, p. 473–480. At Berkeley, Lawson began teaching Lawson, A.C., chairman, 1908, The California earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report of the a seminar for graduate students, as well State Earthquake Investigation Commission: as a field course, both innovations in Washington, D.C., Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 87, v. I, 451 p. (reprinted America. With help from his students, in 1969). he began detailed geological mapping Vaughan, F.E., 1970, Andrew C. Lawson, scientist, teacher, philosopher: Glendale, California, Arthur of coastal California, and established H. Clark Co., 474 p. (reprinted in 1969). The Bulletin of the Department of Geol- ogy. After the 1906 earthquake, he “Rock Stars” is produced by the GSA History of supervised the production of volume Geology Division. Editorial Committee: Kennard Bork, Figure 2. Portrait by his younger brother, James Robert Dott Jr., Robert Ginsburg, Gerard Middleton, 1 of The Report of the State Earthquake Kerr-Lawson. A characteristic pose, which nicely Peter von Bitter, and E.L. (Jerry) Winterer. Investigation Commission (1908), and illustrates why he was called “the King.”

The Kerry Kelts Research Awards of the Limnogeology Division The application process for the Kerry Kelts Research tion to the chair of the Limnogeology Division, Thomas C. Awards of the Limnogeology Division is now open. These Johnson, [email protected]. Application Deadline: 10 August awards are named in honor of Kerry Kelts, a visionary lim- 2006. Awards will be announced at the Limnogeology Divi- nogeologist and inspiring teacher. Up to three awards of sion Business Meeting and Reception at the 2006 GSA Annual US$300 each for use in research related to limnogeology, Meeting in Philadelphia in October. limnology, and paleolimnology are available. Application for We hope to increase the amount of the awards in succeed- this award is simple and consists of a summary of the pro- ing years. If you are interested in supporting this awards pro- posed research, its significance, and how the award will be gram, please send your donations, designated for the Kerry used (five-page maximum). Please send your summary in Kelts Research Awards of the Limnogeology Division, to PDF format along with your name and associated informa- GSA, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 51 STUDENTS—Meet Your Career Mentor!

Plan now to attend a Shlemon Men- FREE pizza suppers will be served tor Program in Applied Geoscience and/ (students only) at the Mann Mentor or a Mann Mentor Program in Applied Programs. Students will receive a free Hydrogeology at your 2006 Section pizza supper ticket with their registra- Meeting to chat one-on-one with prac- tion badge to attend the Mann Program. ticing geoscientists. These volunteers The Mann Program is geared toward will answer your questions and share careers in hydrogeology or hydrology. insights on how to get a job after gradu- Whether you’ve already decided to head for Excellence in Earth ation. When programs are scheduled for down the hydro career path or whether multiple days, each day’s program will you just would like to know more about Science Teaching offer a different set of mentors. these career options, this meeting is for Beginning Professors FREE lunches will be served (stu- for you! However, space is limited: first come, first served. The Biggs Award was established dents only) at the Shlemon Mentor by GSA to reward and encourage Programs. Students will receive a free More than 500 students and 100 men- teaching excellence in beginning lunch ticket with their registration badge tors participated in the 2005 programs and to attend each Shlemon Program. How- provided very positive feedback regarding professors of earth science at the ever, space is limited: first come, first the experience. See the October 2005 issue college level. served. of GSA Today or go to www.geosociety. Eligibility org/science/ to learn more. Earth science instructors and faculty from all academic institutions engaged in undergraduate education Mentor Programs who have been teaching full-time for 10 years or fewer. (Part-time for the 2006 Section Meetings teaching is not counted in the 10 FOR PROGRAM LOCATIONS, ASK AT THE years.) Award Amount ON-SITE GSA REGISTRATION DESK. An award of $750 is made possible as a result of support from the Donald and Carolyn Biggs Fund (maintained NORTH-CENTRAL SECTION MEETING by the GSA Foundation), the GSA Student Center, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio Geoscience Education Division, Shlemon Mentor Program Luncheons: and GSA’s Education and Outreach Thurs.–Fri., 20–21 April, 11:30 a.m.–1 p.m. Programs. In addition, this award Mann Mentors in Applied Hydrogeology Program: includes up to $500 in travel funds Thurs., 20 April, 5–6:30 p.m. to attend the award presentation at the GSA Annual Meeting. Deadline and Nomination Information Nomination forms for the 2006 CORDILLERAN SECTION MEETING University of Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska Biggs Earth Science Teaching Award Shlemon Mentor Program Luncheons: are posted at www.geosociety. Mon.–Tues., 8–9 May, 11:30 a.m.–1 p.m. org/aboutus/awards/biggs. htm. Or, contact Diane Lorenz- Olsen, +1.303.357.1028, awards@ geosociety.org. Nominations must be received by 9 June 2006. ROCKY MOUNTAIN SECTION MEETING Mail nomination packets to: Western State College, Gunnison, Colorado Diane Lorenz-Olsen Shlemon Mentor Program Luncheons: Program Officer, Grants, Awards, Wed.–Thurs., 17–18 May, 11:30 a.m.–1 p.m. and Recognition Mann Mentors in Applied Hydrogeology Program: Geological Society of America Wed., 17 May, 5–6:30 p.m. 3300 Penrose Place, P.O. Box 9140 Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA For more information contact [email protected]

52 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY '%/,/'95.$%2&//4 ).3/54(%2.54!( ,ˆV >À`Ê"À˜`œÀvv] ,œLiÀÌÊ7°Ê7ˆi`iÀ] >˜`Ê >ۈ`Ê°ÊÕÌiÞ Ý«œÀiÊ Ì iÊ >˜`vœÀ“ÃÊ œvÊ ÎÎÊ ÃˆÌiÃ]Ê ˆ˜VÕ`ˆ˜}ÊÌ iÊ}œLˆ˜Ãʈ˜ÊœLˆ˜Ê6>‡ iÞ]ÊÌ iÊ̜ÜiÀˆ˜}ÊÜ>ÃʜvÊ<ˆœ˜Ê >˜‡ 2006 GSA ޜ˜]Ê>˜`Ê ÀÞVi½ÃÊ œœ`œœÊv>ˆÀޏ>˜`]Ê ˜œÌÊ ÌœÊ “i˜Ìˆœ˜Ê Ì iÊ >ÀV iÃÊ >˜`Ê Section Meetings ˜>ÌÕÀ>Ê LÀˆ`}iÃÊ œvÊ Ì ˆÃÊ i˜ˆ}“>̈VÊ >˜`ÃV>«i° ΣnÊ«>}iÃÊUÊÈÊÝÊ™Ê NORTH-CENTRAL SECTION «>«iÀÊf£n°ääÊUÊÌi“Ê›-әx 20–21 April 2006 "ÛiÀÊÓääÊ« œÌœÃ]ʓ>«Ã]Ê>˜`Êvˆ}ÕÀiÃÊ Student Center, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio Information: John Szabo, Dept. of Geology, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-4101, +1-330-972-8039, [email protected]

CORDILLERAN SECTION (Joint Meeting with PSAAPG and SPE-A) 8–10 May 2006 University of Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska See the January 2006 issue of GSA Today for more information.

ROCKY MOUNTAIN SECTION 17–19 May 2006 Western State College, Gunnison, Colorado Early Registration Deadline: 17 April 2006 Information: Rob Fillmore, Western State College, Dept. of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Gunnison, CO 81231-0001, +1-970 -943 -2650, r fi [email protected]

,)6).'-/5.4!).3 How and Why Volcanoes Erupt EEARTHCACHINGA R T H C A C H I N G >VµÕiÃÊœÀ˜«ÀœLÃÌ >˜`Ê ÀˆÃ̈˜iÊ>ÛiÀ˜i Earthcached yet? ˆÃVœÛiÀÊ Ì iÊ ÜœÀŽˆ˜}ÃÊ >˜`Ê ÃÕL`ÕV‡ ̈œ˜Ê ✘iÃÊ >˜`Ê Ãi>vœœÀÊ Ã«Ài>`ˆ˜}]Ê Earthcaching is GSA’s earth science spin œÜÊ `ˆvviÀi˜ÌÊ >Û>ÃÊ vœÀ“Ê Ì ÀœÕ} Ê Ì iÊ«>À̈>Ê“iÌˆ˜}ʜvÊi>ÀÌ ½ÃÊÛ>ÀˆœÕÃÊ on the GPS game, geocaching. ÀœVŽÃ]Ê>˜`ÊÜ ÞÊܓiÊۜV>˜œiÃʜœâiÊ vÕˆ`Ê ??Ê >Û>ÃÊ Ü ˆiÊ œÌ iÀÃÊ iÝ«œ`iÊ Îä]äää‡vœœÌÊVœÕ`ÃʜvÊ>à Ê>˜`ʈ˜Vi˜‡ `ˆ>ÀÞʏ>Û>ÊLœ“Lð ££ÓÊ«>}iÃÊUÊÇ°xÊÝʙ°xÊUÊ«>«iÀÊf£n°ää {ÈÊÜ>ÌiÀVœœÀÃÊUÊÌi“Ê›-Î{È Please include $3.00 for Go to www.earthcache.org, shipping/handling per order. choose your Earthcache from the list of over 475 from all around the world, and then head outdoors! "1 / Ê*, --Ê*1 - Ê "° *°"°Ê œÝÊÓΙ™ÊÉÊ ˆÃÜՏ>]Ê /Êx™näÈ GSA’s Earthcache sponsors and partners: /"Ê, \Ê£‡nää‡ÓÎ{‡xÎän National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, Groundspeak, Inc., ‡“>ˆ\ʈ˜vœJ“̘«ÀiÃðVœ“ Subaru of America, Inc., and Leave No Trace. 7iL\ÊÜÜÜ°“œÕ˜Ì>ˆ˜‡«ÀiÃðVœ“ 4OLL&REE   GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 53 GSA Foundation Update Donna L. Russell, Director of Operations

The GSA Foundation exists to fund those education, research, trustees at large to be selected by the chair and president. publications, student support, public outreach, and other geo- Day-to-day activities are conducted at GSA Headquarters scientific programs of the Geological Society of America that in Boulder by the Foundation’s president, the director of the Society considers necessary to accomplish its purposes of operations, and one part-time foundation assistant. advancing the geosciences, enhancing the professional growth of GSA Members, and promoting the geosciences in the service The Foundation’s current Board of Trustees are Robert D. of humankind. Hatcher, Chair; David E Dunn, Vice Chair; Farouk El-Baz; P. Geoffrey Feiss; Thomas D. Fouch; Susan M. Landon; Elaine Padovani; Robert H. Rutford; George C. Sharp; GSA Foundation—Frequently Virginia B. Sisson; H. Catherine W. Skinner; and Lee J. Asked Questions Suttner. Q How are the Trustees selected, and what role do A LITTLE HISTORY they play in fund-raising and development? The GSA Foundation was incorporated in December 1980 as a non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation. The Foundation’s first A Trustees are selected from a list of nominations put forth project was raising US$3.8 million for the Decade of North by current Board members and approved by GSA Coun- American Geology Project. In the 1990s, the Foundation raised cil. Trustees are expected to identify and cultivate poten- over US$10 million for the Second Century Fund, supporting tial donors, and be ambassadors, policy makers, compli- research grants, Institute for Environmental Education, Sage, ance officers, and advocates for the Foundation. They are the building expansion and other projects. also expected to make an annual contribution at a level The Foundation currently has 82 funds: 29 for research, 48 of personal ability. restricted, four planned giving programs, and the Greatest Needs Fund, which is unrestricted. Q Who determines the fund-raising priorities of the Q What is the legal relationship of the Foundation to Foundation? the Society? A GSA’s executive director, working with GSA’s Council A The Foundation is a separately governed nonprofit and Executive Committee, provides the Foundation a 501(c)(3) corporation. non-prioritized list of funding needs semi-annually.

Q Who administers the Foundation? Q What are the total contributions the Foundation has raised? A The Foundation is managed by its Board of Trustees, which consists of a maximum of 20 members, each of whom can A Contributions over the past five years averaged serve up to two consecutive five-year terms. The Foun- US$742,000 in support of GSA programs and projects. dation’s Executive Committee consists of the board chair Gifts so far for fiscal year 2006 (July–December 2005) and vice chair, the Foundation president, and up to two total US$639,773.

Enclosed is my contribution in the amount of $______. Please credit my contribution for the: Greatest need Other: ______Fund I have named GSA Foundation in my will. I want to support and celebrate the Foundation’s 25th Anniversary with a gift of: $2,500 $1,000 $500 Other: $______. Complimentary copy of A Guide to Creative Planned Giving Please send a copy of GeoTales volume I or volume II PLEASE PRINT GSA FOUNDATION 3300 Penrose Place, P.O. Box 9140 Name Boulder, CO 80301-9140 Address +1-303-357-1054 [email protected] City/State/ZIP

Phone

54 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Q What percentage of the GSA membership contrib- utes to the Foundation?

A Since a check-off system for contributions to the Founda- tion was added to GSA’s dues renewal statement three years ago, an average of over 25% of the membership has In Memory given to the Foundation annually. Although there is no of John C. Maxwell standard percentage for members who contribute to their professional society’s foundations, most fund-raisers say GSA FOUNDATION ESTABLISHES ONE-TIME that an organization is doing very well if at least 10% of its RESEARCH GRANT AWARD membership contributes annually. John C. Maxwell, a former Q Do other geoscience professional societies provide GSA President and Founda- support like this to run their foundations? tion Trustee, passed away on 24 January 2006 in Austin, A Other geoscience societies generally cover the majority Texas. of the costs of their foundation’s expenses. For several of The GSA Foundation has the societies, the leaders and employees of the societies established a Memorial Fund are also the foundation employees, thereby lessening the in his memory. The proceeds actual “apparent” operating expense of their foundation. of this fund will be used for a But this practice is discouraged by the Council of Better special one-time award to be Business Bureaus and American Institute of Philanthropy given out by the GSA Committee on Research Grants because the fiduciary responsibility of a foundation next spring. should be legally separate from the mother society so that donor interests are preserved. If you would like to be a part of this tribute to John Maxwell, please send your contribution to the GSA Foun- Q Where can I learn more about the Foundation and dation, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA, programs I might wish to support? noting on the check “In Memory of John C. Maxwell.” You may also give online via the Foundation’s secure Read more about the Foundation on its Web site, www. A Web page, https://rock.geosociety.org/donate/donate.asp, geosociety.org/gsaf/, or call Donna Russell, director of selecting Memorial Fund from the drop-down menu. operations, at 1-880-472-1988 ext. 1054.

Remember receiving your research grant from GSA? Remember the feeling of pride and accomplishment? Don’t you wish others could enjoy this experience? MAKE IT HAPPEN! Most memorable early geologic experience: Contribute to GEOSTAR—Supporting Missing just one question on a freshman geology quiz—by calling glacially transported boulders “erotic The Advancement of Research. boulders.” —Kenneth W. Ciriacks

Donate Online It’s easy! It’s quick! It’s secure! Geological Society of America Go to www.geosociety.org Foundation Click on “Donate Online” P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140 and follow the user-friendly instructions today! (303) 357-1054 or [email protected]

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 55 tion: regional or global changes in stable isotope ratios of car- PENROSE CONFERENCE bon, oxygen, strontium, neodymium, and other elements; the global imprint of changes in Earth’s magnetic field; astronom- ically forced cycles in sedimentation, sea level, and climate; Scheduled and identification of the worldwide effects of cataclysmic events, both external (meteorite impact) and internal (mass volcanism, seafloor methane hydrate dissociation)—among Chronostratigraphy: others. Dating—directly measuring the age of rocks—also continues to improve, providing an independent control over Beyond the Global Standard assumed time-correlations of stratigraphic features. The establishment of a Global Standard Stratotype and Stratotype and Point Point (GSSP) or “Golden Spike” as a physical, rather than con- ceptual, definition for each worldwide chronostratigraphic 3–9 June 2006 boundary has now given improved correlation techniques something solid to work on. What is emerging is a multi- Schloss Seggau, Styria, Austria threaded earth history of unparalleled detail and temporal resolution, allowing regional or worldwide reconstructions of Conveners: trends in biodiversity and global biomass, oceanic and atmo- spheric composition, or volcanic flux, for example, as well William A. Berggren, Department of Geology, Rutgers as links between events at Earth’s surface and in the deep University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA, wberggren@ mantle and in the wider solar system. Crucially, the greatly whoi.edu increased temporal resolution can enable realistic constraints John A. Van Couvering, The Micropaleontology Project, Inc., to be placed on models of cause and effect in earth pro- 256 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10001, USA, vanc@ cesses. This integrated earth history is indispensable to the micropress.org location and exploitation of earth resources and is equally of growing importance in providing a context for past envi- Werner Piller, Department of Geology, University of Graz, ronmental change, fundamental to the prediction of changes Heinrichstrasse 26, A8010 Graz, Austria, werner.piller@ today and in the future. uni-graz.at Given the ever-growing complexity of these stratigraphic Jan A. Zalesiewicz, Geology Department, University of studies, the vast size and scope of the databases now being Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK, jaz1@leicester. assembled, and the multidisciplinary nature of current stud- ac.uk ies, we urgently need to reexamine the basics of our classi- fication of time, rock, and events. These classifications have Brian McGowran, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, roots going back a century or more, when our perceptual University of Adelaide, Mawson Building DP 313, Adelaide SA tools were far less acute. Specialists in the disparate disci- 5005, Australia, [email protected] plines, working together, will reexamine and, where neces- sary, suggest means to reshape the nature of stratigraphical classification in the future. INTRODUCTION With the imminent completion of the international cam- OUTLINE Discussions will be organized into topic sessions dealing paign to define boundaries in the geological time scale at with specific issues. fixed physical points in stratotype sections, rather than in 1. Chronostratigraphy today—Where do we stand?: status of conceptual terms, this is an appropriate time to discuss the marine and terrestrial , calibrated geohistori- opportunities and problems in a radically changed science. cal models, and time scales. Not only have our primary landmarks, the chronostratigraphic 2. Chronostratigraphy today—Unresolved issues: status of boundaries, emerged into new clarity because of this devel- Quaternary, Precambrian, and “problem boundaries.” opment, but the tools of correlating the landmarks have also 3. Chronostratigraphy today—New applications: sequence improved very substantially in recent years. We will evalu- stratigraphy, interactive Internet-based time scales. ate the new limits of chronostratigraphy and consider how 4. Chronostratigraphy tomorrow—Where are we going?: much of its philosophy, terminology, and practice should potential for better resolution; the detection of high be changed to take advantage of the increased potential for frequency global processes; the debate over dualistic accuracy in theories of earth history. terminology. DESCRIPTION 5. Chronostratigraphy tomorrow—How do we get there?: The fossil record, which gave original meaning to the geo- improving on the GSSP; updating and revising the logical time scale and which is still gaining in effectiveness guidelines. as the primary control in earth history, has been joined in 6. Chronostratigraphy tomorrow—The view ahead: new modern times by other means of chronostratigraphic correla- tools and trends.

56 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Venue, Travel, and Estimated Costs The conference will be held at Schloss Seggau, a twelfth- century castle built on Roman foundations, in the foothills of the Eastern Alps of Styria (southern Austria) near the historic cultural center of Graz. Sat., 3 June, will be the travel reception day; departure is Fri., 9 June. Direct flights to Graz from Vienna are provided by Austrian Airlines; from Frankfurt, Munich, and Düsseldorf by Lufthansa; from Zurich by Swissair; and from Paris by Styrian Airways. Rail should be booked via Graz to the local town of Leibnitz. Connections to the Schloss will be arranged. A one-day geological field trip to the Neogene basin of south- ern Styria, a wine tasting session in the Schloss Seggau wine cellars with an exploratory tour of the castle, and a baroque concert are included in the program. The cost per person, listed below, includes meals and all events. Prices are in Euros (€). • Single room (category 1): €677—11 rooms available • Single room (category 2): €545—4 rooms available • Double room (category 1): €499—12 rooms available • Double room (category 2): €491—20 rooms available

Registrants with Special Needs GSA is committed to making Penrose Conferences accessible to all. Aside from the field trip, participants with disabilities can be readily accommodated. Vegetarian and restricted diets will be available. If you require special arrangements, please con- tact Mollie VanOtterloo, [email protected].

For additional information on this trip, please visit www. geosociety.org/penrose/06-chronostratigraphy.htm.

GSA HEADQUARTERS IS HERE FOR YOU! Here are some ways to get in touch with GSA:

• Web site: www. geosociety.org • Purchase books, maps, charts, educational • e-mail: [email protected] materials, or other publications: www.geoso- ciety.org/bookstore/. • call: +1-303-357-1000 opt. 3 or +1-888-443-4472 • Register for GSA meetings at www.geoso- • fax: +1-303-357-1071 ciety.org/meetings/. • Find out more about making your • write: GSA Sales and Service, P.O. Box 9140 GSA membership work for you: www.geoso- Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA ciety.org/members/benefi ts.htm.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 57 PENROSE CONFERENCE DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES Geoscientists understand that their subject is inherently spatial and temporal in nature. Advances in geochronologic Scheduled and chronostratigraphic methods have improved our tempo- ral understanding of earth systems markedly. However, we have yet to fully utilize the three-dimensional (3D) geospa- Unlocking Three-Dimensional tial datasets that have recently become available to industrial and academic geoscientists. These range from high-resolution Earth Systems—Harnessing New 3D seismic volumes, which provide an unprecedented level Digital Technologies to Revolution- of information on subsurface geological architectures, to data from laser scanners, LiDAR, and digital geological mapping/ ize Multi-Scale Geologic Models surveying techniques that capture macro- to mega-scale sur- 17–21 September 2006 face information rapidly and accurately. Put simply, the ability to collect, visualize, and analyze spatially accurate surface and e-Science Research Institute and Department of subsurface datasets in three dimensions provides geoscientists Earth Sciences, University of Durham, UK with new opportunities to capture and interpret true 3D geo- logical architectures at a range of scales. This development rep- Conveners: resents as great a paradigm shift for the geosciences as William Smith’s seminal geological map of 1815. The September 2006 Ken McCaffrey, Reactivation Research Group, Department of Penrose Conference brings together researchers from a range Earth Sciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 of countries, academic institutions, and private sector organiza- 3LE, UK, +44-0-191-334-2300, [email protected] tions to focus on how 3D technologies are opening up new Jonathan Imber, Reactivation Research Group, Department of research opportunities. Application of these technologies to Earth Sciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 three critical areas of the earth sciences will be discussed: 3LE, UK, +44-0-191-334-2300, [email protected] • Spatial analysis and scaling properties of geological archi- tectures and processes; Nicolas Holliman, e-Science Research Institute, University of • Quantification and visualization of uncertainty in geological Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK, +44-0-191-334- data and interpretations; 4297, [email protected] • Calibration and validation of predictive Earth models. Bob Holdsworth, Reactivation Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 OUTLINE AND PROGRAM 3LE, UK, +44-0-191-334-2300, [email protected] The conference will include a one-day field trip and work- John Howell, Centre for Integrated Petroleum Technology, shop, followed by three and a half days of oral and poster presentations and discussions. All participants are expected to University of Bergen, Allegaten 41, Bergen N-5007, Norway, +47- contribute a poster or oral presentation and should arrive in 55-58-3391, [email protected] Durham by the evening of 16 Sept. 2006. Tim Wawrzyniec, LiDAR Laboratory, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northrop Hall, University of New Mexico, 17 Sept.: Field Trip and Workshop Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0000, USA, +1-505-277-2740, To set the scene for the conference and to stimulate discus- [email protected] sion on our three main themes, we have arranged a half-day field trip to visit spectacular exposures of deformed Permian sandstones on the Northumberland Coast, a one hour drive north of Durham. Participants will collect data from these out- crops using such diverse methods as terrestrial laser scanning, digital surveying, and traditional pen-and-paper techniques. After lunch at a traditional northeast “chippy,” we’ll return to Durham to analyze the data and address a range of questions: • What are the uncertainties associated with each of the datasets—and how can we quantify these uncertainties? • How can we take full advantage of the spatial informa- tion contained within the digital datasets—and how do our new interpretations compare with traditional geo- metric analyses? • How much “soft” information—derived from our geologi- cal intuition or gut feeling—is lost when analyzing digital datasets?

58 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY 18–21 Sept.: Presentations and Discussions Days 2–4 will be broken up into morning keynote speeches and afternoon poster sessions. However, rather than feature the traditional paper-based presentations, we encourage participants to show their data “live” on desktop 3D screens, which will be provided. In addition, there will be an opportunity to present selected datasets in a fully immersive environment (“HIVE”). We welcome contributions based around the following themes: • Day 2—Virtual outcrops and 3D geological maps: sur- face-based digital mapping and survey methods; LiDAR and terrestrial laser scanning; getting the most out of 3D visualization—theory and human factors. • Day 3—Two-and-a-half– to 4D geospatial modeling: uses 3D datasets to calibrate numerical modeling results; mapping and quantifying uncertainty in geological models; problems and challenges in developing software for (auto-) interpretation and (auto-) model building; tracking the spa- tial evolution in earth systems (4D Earth models). • Day 4—New approaches to 3D geospatial analysis: extending geospatial tools into the third dimension; 31 August 2006—Deadline for “Live” Data opportunities to understand the 3D scaling of geological Participants must ensure that all “live” data they intend to pres- architectures. ent at the conference are transferred to Durham by this date. A round-up panel discussion will finish each day. One Software Availability evening will be set aside for graduate students to meet We support the following software packages, which will industry participants. This will be an opportunity to be made available for participants to display “live” data: exchange ideas for research collaboration, for students to 2D/3DMove; ArcGIS; GeoFrame IESX; GeoProbe; GOCAD; meet prospective employers, and for industry participants Inside Reality; Paraview; Petrel; SeisWorks; Trimble Geomat- to meet the next generation of earth scientists. ics Office; RiSCAN PRO; TrapTester; and VolView. Participants • Day 5—Synthesis and future research directions. who wish to use other software should arrange to bring their Venue own laptops to the meeting, which can be plugged into the Visualization facilities are available at the conference venue 3D displays. in the brand new Durham e-Science Research Institute and Registration Fee adjacent Department of Earth Sciences. In complete contrast, The estimated registration fee of US$900 will cover lodging, participants will stay in historic Durham Castle, situated oppo- all meals, and the field trip, but will not cover transportation site Durham Cathedral within a World Heritage Site. Durham to and from the meeting site. Graduate students are especially is situated on the main London-Scotland rail and motorway encouraged to apply. We anticipate that the student registration routes, making it easily accessible from the Heathrow and Gat- fee will be approximately half of the full rate. wick airports. Alternatively, participants can take a connecting flight to either Newcastle or Durham–Tees Valley Airport, both Registrants with Special Needs of which are located within ~25 miles of Durham City. GSA is committed to making Penrose Conferences accessible to all. If you require special arrangements or have special dietary DEADLINES concerns, please contact Lisa Smith, [email protected]. 28 April 2006—Deadline for Applications Related Web Sites Geoscientists interested in exploring the opportunities offered Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University: by digital technologies to developing new research in the fields www.dur.ac.uk/earth.sciences. identified in this article are encouraged to apply. Please send a letter of intent to Jonathan Imber that includes a brief statement Reactivation Research Group: www.dur.ac.uk/react.res/ of interests, the relevance of the applicant’s recent work to the RRG_web/; www.dur.ac.uk/react.res/RRG_web/ themes of the meeting, the subject of the proposed presenta- Durham_Penrose.pdf. tion, and contact details. Digital presentations that include “live” Durham Centre for Terrestrial Laser Scanning: data are particularly encouraged. Please advise your software www.dur.ac.uk/earth.sciences/facilities/cetls/. requirements in your letter of application and, if appropriate, Centre for Integrated Petroleum Research, Bergen: state why your dataset should be considered for presentation www.uib.no/cipr/. in a “HIVE.” Invitations will be e-mailed to participants at the end of May 2006. Where appropriate, the conveners will University of New Mexico LiDAR Laboratory: http://epswww.unm.edu/facstaff/tfw/index.htm. notify participants if their data has been selected for viewing in the HIVE. Durham Castle: www.durhamcastle.com.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 59 Panel Seeks Community Input The Geological Society of America (GSA), through its climate change as well as how to adapt to the consequences Geology and Public Policy Committee (GPPC), requests of climate change. The panel is emphasizing geological per- input from GSA members for a position statement on global spectives on predicting and addressing the impacts of climate climate change, specifically related to human impacts on cli- change, regardless of cause. mate, the importance of climate change research, and the Climate change policy needs to incorporate an earth sci- need for climate change policy to take into account results ence perspective. Earth science provides important perspec- of peer-reviewed earth science. tives related to the climate change issue, appropriate mitigation GPPC panel members: Sally Benson, Lawrence Berke- strategies, and future alternative sources of energy (e.g., carbon ley National Laboratory; Thure Cerling, University of Utah; sequestration, potential impacts of a hydrogen-based economy). Judith Curry, Georgia Institute of Technology; Yehouda Significant research remains to be done to address the uncertain- Enzel, Hebrew University; Mickey Glantz, National Center ties and assess potential future impacts of climate change policy, for Atmospheric Research; and Lynn Soreghan, University as well as to develop the appropriate mitigation strategies, assess of Oklahoma. Mark Peters, Argonne National Laboratory, long-term resource potential, formulate sustainable sources of and Jim Finley, Telesto Solutions, Inc., both members of the energy for the future, and adapt to changes in fundamental Earth GPPC, are also participating in the panel. Mark Peters is the environmental conditions (e.g., rising sea level, droughts in some panel chair and corresponding member. areas, and increased precipitation in others). Presented here are some key points the panel is consid- As policy makers address the issue of climate change, the ering during the preparation of the position statement. We science community needs to provide peer-reviewed science as encourage the community to send comments and sugges- a basis for policy decisions. The peer-review system is the best tions on the points below or additional points that should be approach for scientists to provide objective information critical considered during the preparation of the statement. Please to the development of viable, effective policy. The heart of the e-mail your comments and suggestions to Mark Peters at argument for peer-reviewed science is that although the main- [email protected], preferably before 15 April 2006. stream of the scientific community believes global warming is a real threat, the peer-review process will ensure development Background of the correct interpretation of global climate change. The panel has been given the task of drafting a posi- tion statement on global climate change, for approval by Justification the GPPC and GSA Council. The document will include (1) A position statement outlining earth science perspectives a brief statement elucidating the crux of the argument, (2) and GSA’s position related to the impact of human activities background information justifying the brief statement, and on climate, the importance of climate change research, and the (3) an implementation plan (how GSA, GSA members, and need to educate policy makers about objective science is an others may use the position statement). important initiative for GSA. The GSA position statement will The panel is carefully examining the position statements complement existing statements by other societies and provide on climate change of other societies (e.g., American Geo- the essential, cross-disciplinary perspective the GSA member- physical Union [AGU], American Chemical Society). These ship brings to the issue (e.g., sedimentary geology, Quaternary statements do an excellent job of stating facts and conclu- geology, geochemistry, paleontology). sions from the peer-reviewed literature and include the importance of science in the practical solutions of mitigation, Implementation Plan technological advancement, and adaptation. Earth science We hope that such a document, backed by the authority of the will be essential to all three solutions. GSA, will be used by scientists to inform policy makers of the The panel is considering a position statement that broadly evolving issues related to global climate change. An additional supports scientific research related to climate change, incor- goal of the position statement is to serve as the basis for GSA porating the important perspective of geologic time (deep members to communicate to the general public the importance of time) that is an integral component of many geological sub- geological research and publication in the global climate change disciplines. The statement will also emphasize the urgency dialogue. For these objectives to be effective, the background or of developing and implementing mitigation and adaptation justification section of the document should contain major con- measures, many of which are rooted in the geosciences. clusions of peer-reviewed research, as in the AGU’s 2003 posi- Many earth science disciplines contribute to this complex tion statement, Human Impacts on Climate. The implementation scientific issue: sedimentary geology, Quaternary geology, plan should also include how GSA ensures the statement is put geochemistry, and paleontology, climatology, oceanogra- to use. This could include identification of federal, international, phy, and atmospheric physics and chemistry. The under- and other programs that should be supported financially; it may standing of natural variations in climate over geologic time include programs in the National Science Foundation, the National provides boundary conditions for evaluating human impacts Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Center for on climate and for producing more reliable predictions of Atmospheric Research, the U.S. Geological Survey–Department future climate change. In addition, knowledge of active geo- of the Interior, the Department of Energy, and the Intergovern- logic processes provides invaluable insight toward a better mental Panel on Climate Change. POSITION STATEMENT ON GLOBAL CLIMATEunderstanding CHANGE and improved monitoring of anthropogenic

60 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY

Announcements 'JFME(FPMPHZ *--6453"5&% MEETINGS CALENDAR 5FSSZ4.BMFZ 2006 11–12 May Geoinformatics 2006, Reston, Virginia, USA. Information: www.geongrid.org/geoinformatics2006/. 23–26 May 2006 Joint Assembly, a partnership between AGU, GS, MB, MSA, and SEG, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Information: www.agu.org/meetings/ja06/. 13–16 June 5th European Congress on Regional Geoscientific Cartography and Information Systems, Barcelona, Spain. Information: 'JSTUEFUBJMFE DPNQSFIFOTJWFCPPL www.icc.es/econgeo2006. POmFMEHFPMPHZJOZFBST 24–27 July Western Pacific Geophysical Meeting, Beijing, China. Information: www.agu.org/meetings/wp06/. QBHF  SJDIMZ JMMVTUSBUFE CPPL XJUI  IJHI 27–31 August 3rd International Symposium on Isotopomers (ISI 2006), San RVBMJUZQIPUPHSBQITBOEJOUFSQSFUJWFTLFUDIFT Diego, California, USA. Information: http://isi2006.ucsd.edu/. BUSFBTVSFUSPWFPGQSBDUJDBMmFMESFMBUFEJOGPSNBUJPO FTTFOUJBMGPSUIFSFDPHOJUJPO JOUFSQSFUBUJPO BOEEF 4–8 September 6th Annual Meeting of the European Meteorological Society TDSJQUJPOPGHFPMPHJDGFBUVSFT in part and partner with the 6th European Conference on 5IJTTVQFSCmFMEHVJEFJODMVEFTIVOESFETPGDMBTTJD Applied Climatology, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Information: http:// 64(4QIPUPHSBQITBOESFQSFTFOUTTPNFPGUIFCFTU meetings.copernicus.org/ems2006/. FYBNQMFTBWBJMBCMFPGDPNNPOBOETJHOJmDBOUHFP 13–16 September Archaeological Sciences of the Americas Symposium. Topics MPHJDGFBUVSFTBOETUSVDUVSFT of interest to GSA Members include geoarchaeology, chro- OEFEJUJPO  QMVTTIJQQJOH nometry, and human-environment interaction. Abstracts due 1 .JOFSBM-BOE1VCMJDBUJPOT 10#PY May 2006. Information: http://asas06.ltc.arizona.edu/. #PJTF *EBIP1IPOF 15–22 September 23rd Annual Meeting, The Society for Organic Petrology, Beijing, China. Information: e-mail: [email protected] or go to www.tsop.org. 2007 5–9 March Second Alexander von Humboldt International Conference Philmont Scout Ranch on the role of geophysics in natural disaster prevention, Lima, Volunteer Program Peru. Information: http://www.pages.unibe.ch/calendar/ 2007/2nd_AvH_Circular1.pdf. Cimarron, New Mexico 13–17 May Coastal Sediments 2007, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. Information: www.asce.org/conferences/cs07/index.cfm. Sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Association of Visit www.geosociety.org/calendar/for a Geologists complete list of upcoming geoscience meetings. Volunteer for one-week back About People country management opportunities at French Henry mining camp, GSA Fellow Brian G. Katz has been awarded the John Hem Excellence in Sci- ence and Engineering Award. This award was bestowed at the National Ground Baldy Town, or Cyphers Mine. The Water Association Meeting on 15 December 2005 by the Association of Ground 2006 program begins Sun., 11 June; Water Scientists and Engineers. Katz was cited for his significant advances in the the last week starts Sun., 6 August. understanding of contaminant movement and groundwater flow patterns in com- For more information and to sign plex karst aquifer systems. up, contact Ed Warner, P.O. Box ERRATUM 480046, Denver, CO 80248-0046, In the “In Memoriam” section of the March 2006 issue of GSA Today (p. USA, +1-720-904-0560, ewarn@ix. 27), Richard E. Ernst was erroneously listed as deceased. Dr. Ernst is very netcom.com. much alive and is operating his own consulting business, Ernst Geosciences, in Ottawa, Ontario. GSA greatly regrets the error.

62 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY The geological evolution of the Grenville orogenic belt represents one of the most widespread episodes of crustal modifi cation in Earth’s history. The 39 papers in this volume offer a system-wide perspective on rocks and processes of the Mesoproterozoic Grenville orogen and Appalachian inliers and include many multidisciplinary studies presenting results from integrated petrologic, geochemical, and geochronologic investigations. The volume includes contributions concerning the Grenvillian geology of Canada, the United States, and Mexico, focusing on both the tectonic evolution of the orogen and on innovative approaches to deciphering the igneous, metamorphic, structural, and metallogenic history of Mesoproterozoic assembly and Neoproterozoic rifting. The timing and regional correlation of events and processes is emphasized in order to bridge knowledge gaps within the orogen and to better understand the geodynamic framework.

MWR197, 798 p. plus index ISBN 0-8137-1197-5 $195.00, member price $156.00 GSA Sales and Service P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA +1.303.357.1000, option 3 +1.888.443.4472 • fax +1.303.357.1071

order online at www.geosociety.org MEETING ANNOUNCEMENT AND CALL FOR POSTERS Managing Drought and Water Scarcity in Vulnerable Environments: Creating a Roadmap for Change in the United States 18–20 September 2006 • Boulder, Colorado, USA

Drought-related impacts can be expected to increase in inten- sity in the twenty-first century as human population increases Presented by and land uses change. To evaluate current drought-related Geological Society of America problems and anticipate future issues, GSA and its partners American Meteorological Society announce a participatory conference to be held 18–20 Septem- American Water Resources Association ber 2006 near Boulder, Colorado, USA. While broad in scope, American Water Works Association the meeting will focus on identifying successful strategies for Colorado State University drought and water scarcity management and on developing a Desert Research Institute clear and decisive action plan. Ecological Society of America The goals of this meeting are to create an integrated, inter- Groundwater Foundation active, future-oriented forum for understanding and improving National Center for Atmospheric Research our management of drought and water scarcity in the United National Drought Mitigation Center States and to stimulate national debate through the publication National Ground Water Association and wide distribution of a science- and policy-based discussion National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration document. National Water Research Institute Drought is a normal part of climate for virtually all regions National Institutes for Water Resources of the United States. Recent episodes have highlighted the Natural Hazards Center increasing vulnerability of all regions to drought-induced water Society for Range Management shortages. In the face of mounting pressure on finite water Soil Science Society of America supplies from expanding and shifting population, urbanization, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and environmental degradation, it is imperative for the United U.S. Geological Survey–Water Resources Division States to consider a paradigm shift to a risk-based approach Western Rural Development Center to drought management. The threat of climate change and Western Water Assessment potential increases in the frequency, severity, and duration of drought episodes is further exacerbating water management Poster presentations on case studies and innovative research issues and conflicts among users. and outreach efforts are invited on the following topics: This meeting is designed to promote collaboration between the policy and science communities. Through a combination • Interactions among the physical and ecological of plenary and invited talks, interactive roundtable and break- environment and human behavior and institutions; out group discussions, and poster presentations of case studies • Relationships between humans and the water and innovative research and outreach efforts, participants will environment as population pressures, urbanization, derive key lessons learned from national and relevant inter- and quality-of-life expectations increase demands on national experience and current policies and practices (e.g., already-strained water resources; factors involved in decision making, facilitators and barriers • Improved monitoring, innovative interrogation of to implementing action, and treatment of underlying causes historical records, and new approaches to the prediction versus symptoms). of drought intensity, frequency, and duration; Active participation of meeting attendees is sought in • Economic aspects of drought (historical, contemporary, preparing recommendations for the roadmap for change. and potential future impacts); Key lessons learned will form the basis of a scientifically • Ecological impacts of drought and extreme hydrological informed roadmap for implementing necessary changes in pol- events, including quantitative impacts on biota/floral icy and practice to ensure adequate water resources for future and faunal assemblages, and indicators of ecosystem generations. Active participation of meeting attendees is also alteration; sought in deriving and evaluating these key science and policy • Impact of global climate change on management of lessons and in preparing recommendations for the roadmap drought and water scarcity; for change. The resulting document will be concise, impartial, informative, useful for congressional visits, letter-writing cam- • Risk-based approaches, including probabilistic risk paigns, and other efforts to accomplish policy changes. It will assessment, for assessing multiple uncertain future also address additional research and funding needs. drought scenarios such as climate change–induced drought;

64 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY • Development of drought and water scarcity indicators; • Enhanced prediction, monitoring, impact assessment, The Geological Society of America and policy development; The Asociación Geológica Argentina • Public policy approaches (social, economic, political, and etc.), including past successes and failures, for managing The Sociedad Geológica de Chile and mitigating the impact of present and future drought; Join in expressing sincere appreciation to • Improved insights into individual and corporate human US National Science Foundation decision making and behavior before, during, and after Agencia de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina a drought; Consejo Nacional de Investigación • Qualitative and quantitative measures of confidence Científica y Tecnológica, Argentina in drought analyses supporting public policy decision Jackson School of Geosciences, making; University of Texas at Austin • Facilitating communication, collaboration, and ExxonMobil Exploration Company cooperation of social and natural scientists, resource Repsol YPF managers, and policy makers; and Rio Tinto Mining • The impact of community involvement in drought IAMGOLD Argentina SA mitigation. Goldfield Corporation, Argentina GSA Foundation Registration and Abstract Submission To encourage interaction among participants, registration GSA Structural Geology and Tectonics Division will be limited to 250 people. Abstracts may be submitted GSA International Division 1 April 2006 through 26 June 2006. See www.geosociety. ILP-Project ERAS (accretionary orogens in space and time) org/meetings/06drought/ for details, including abstract submis- sion, registration, and lodging. For more information or if you for their generous contributions have any questions, please contact Deborah Nelson, +1-303- in support of 357-1014, [email protected].

GSA Today Online Forum The GSA Today Online Forum is made up of comments and replies to GSA Today science articles that exceed the 350-word print limit. This month’s Online Forum features an exchange between H.F. Garner and M. Clark et al. regarding Clark et al.’s September 2005 GSA Today science article, “The non- equilibrium landscape of the Sierra Nevada, California.” The Colorado River Delta. Image taken 8 September 2000 by the To read these and other comments and replies related Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) from to GSA Today articles, go to www.gsajournals.org, choose the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Terra “Online Journals,” then click on “Online Forum” and spacecraft. NASA image courtesy http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=4732. select “GSA Today: Comments and Replies.”

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 65 GSA Special Papers Net Dextral Slip, Neogene San Gregorio–Hosgri Fault Zone, Collisional Delamination Coastal California: Geologic in New Guinea: The Geotectonics Evidence and Tectonic Implications of Subducting Slab Breakoff by William R. Dickinson, Mihai Ducea, GSA by Mark Cloos, Benyamin Sapiie, Lewis I. Rosenberg, H. Gary Greene, Andrew Quarles van Ufford, Stephan A. Graham, Joseph C. Clark, Richard J. Weiland, Paul Q. Warren, Gerald E. Weber, Steven Kidder, and Timothy P. McMahon W. Gary Ernst, and Earl E. Brabb SPE400, 51 p., ISBN 0-8137-2400-7 SPE391, 43 p., ISBN 0-8137-2391-4 Bookstore $30.00, member price $24.00 $40.00, member price $32.00

Kinematics and Dynamics Stone Decay in the of Lava Flows Architectural Environment edited by Michael Manga and Guido Ventura edited by Alice V. Turkington SPE396, 218 p., ISBN 0-8137-2396-5 SPE390, 61 p., ISBN 0-8137-2390-6 $70.00, member price $56.00 $45.00, member price $36.00

Fifth Hutton Symposium: Isotopic and Elemental Tracers of The Origin of Granites Cenozoic Climate Change and Related Rocks edited by Germán Mora and Donna Surge edited by S. Ishihara, W.E. Stephens, SPE395, 70 p., ISBN 0-8137-2395-7 S.L. Harley, M. Arima, and T. Nakajima $35.00, member price $28.00 SPE389, 392 p., ISBN 0-8137-2389-2 $95.00, member price $76.00

Caribbean–South American Plate Interactions, Venezuela Plates, Plumes, and Paradigms edited by Hans G. Avé Lallemant and Virginia B. Sisson edited by Gillian R. Foulger, James H. Natland, Dean C. Presnall, and Don L. Anderson SPE394, 331 p. plus index, plates, ISBN 0-8137-2394-9 SPE 388, 861 p. plus index, ISBN 0-8137-2388-4, $80.00, member price $64.00 $180.00, member price $144.00

The Mojave-Sonora Megashear Hypothesis: Development, Assessment, and Alternatives edited by Thomas H. Anderson, Jonathan A. Nourse, James W. McKee, and Maureen B. Steiner Coal Systems Analysis edited by Peter D. Warwick SPE393, 692 p. plus index, CD-ROM, plates, ISBN 0-8137-2393-0 SPE387, 111 p., ISBN 0-8137-2387-6 $140.00, member price $112.00 $60.00, member price $48.00

GSA Special Papers A Typology of Sculpted Forms in Open Bedrock Channels by Keith Richardson and Paul Anthony Carling SPE392, 108 p., ISBN 0-8137-2392-2 $55.00, member price $44.00 www.geosociety.org Reviews in Engineering Geology Humans as Geologic Agents GGSASA edited by Judy Ehlen, William C. Haneberg, and Robert A. Larson REG016, 158 p., ISBN 0-8137-4116-5 BBookstoreookstore $60.00, member price $48.00 Recently Published Books Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Protoctista 1, Vol. 1, Charophyta edited by Roger L. Kaesler, with coordinating author, Monique Feist, leading a team of international specialists TREB, 184 p., 78 fi gures, ISBN 0-8137-3002-3, indexed, $75.00, member price $60.00. Reconstruction of Pleistocene Ice-Dammed Lake Outburst Floods Maps & Charts in the Altai Mountains, Siberia Geologic Map of North America by Jürgen Herget 3 sheets (74″ × 39″), scale 1:5,000,000, 28 p. text SPE 386, 117 p., ISBN 0-8137-2386-8 Compiled by John C. Reed Jr., John O. Wheeler, $65.00, member price $52.00 and Brian E. Tucholke, with contributions from Will R. Stettner and David R. Soller CSM001F, 3 folded sheets $150.00, member price $120.00 Active Tectonics and Seismic CSM001R, 3 rolled sheets Hazards of Puerto Rico, the Virgin $155.00, member price $125.00 Islands, and Offshore Areas edited by Paul Mann SPE385, 287 p. plus index, ISBN 0-8137-2385-X, $80.00, member price $64.00 GSA Field Guide Interior Western United States: GSA Field Guide 6 edited by Joel L. Pederson and Carol M. Dehler FLD006, 524 p., ISBN 0-8137-0006-X $45.00, member price $36.00 Large Meteorite Impacts III edited by Thomas Kenkmann, Friedrich Hörz, and Alex Deutsch International Books Series SPE384, 457 p. plus index, ISBN 0-8137-2384-1 Volume 8 $95.00, member price $76.00 Serpentine and Serpentinites: Mineralogy, Petrology, Geochemistry, Ecology, Geophysics, and Tectonics A tribute to Robert G. Coleman edited by W.G. Ernst IBS008, 606 p., ISBN 0-9665869-8-0 $95.00, member price $76.00

GSA Sales and Service P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA Glossary of Geology +1.303.357.1000, option 3 Fifth Edition +1.888.443.4472 • fax +1.303.357.1071 Klaus K.E. Neuendorf, James P. Mehl, Jr., and Julia A. Jackson, editors Product Code: Glossary wwww.geosociety.orgww.geosociety.org list price, $99.00, member price $80.00 Geomorphology. Research, university/community ser- questions regarding the position should be directed to Positions Open vice, and cooperative work with Department faculty and the chair of the search committee, Dr. John P. Hogan staff are expected. Some college teaching and research ([email protected]). RESEARCH GLACIAL GEOLOGIST experience preferred; rank and salary dependent upon Geophysicist. We seek applicants at any level with INDIANA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY qualifications and experience. any specialization within the general field of Geophysics, The Indiana Geological Survey (IGS), a research institute To apply for this position, go to http://mtsujobs.mtsu. (Petroleum Geophysics, Solid Earth, Environmental, of Indiana University, seeks applications for a glacial edu and follow the instructions on how to complete an Applied) to augment our existing research programs. geologist to perform geologic mapping and basic and application, attach documents, and submit materials Any questions regarding the positions should be applied research related to the glacial sequence stra- online. If you have questions regarding the application directed to the chair of the search committee, Dr. David tigraphy and geomorphology of the State of Indiana. process, please contact Dr. Hilary Stallings at +1-615- Wronkiewicz ([email protected]). Significant duties include participation in the USGS- 898-5986; queries about the position should be directed A Ph.D. is required at the time of employment. sponsored STATEMAP and Central Great Lakes to Dr. Clay Harris, search committee chair, at cdharris@ Applications must include a letter describing interests Geologic Mapping Coalition projects. Masters degree, mtsu.edu or +1-615-904-8019. Review of applications and possible contributions to our programs, curriculum publications record, and 5 years experience required. will continue until the position is filled. Rank and salary vita, statements of teaching and research goals, and the Complete job posting is on the IGS Website (igs.indiana. commensurate with education and experience. Proof of names and contact information of three referees. Review edu). Application deadline is 15 May 2006. U.S. citizenship OR eligibility for U.S. employment will be of applications will begin 15 April 2006. All applications GEOLOGY (/GIS) required prior to employment (Immigration Control Act are ensured a full review until the position is filled. WHITMAN COLLEGE of 1986). Clearly Act crime statistics for MTSU available Please send application to: Human Resource The Department of Geology at Whitman College invites at http://police.mtsu.edu/crime_statistics.htm. EO/AA Services, Reference Number 00031149 (Geologist), applications for a one-semester sabbatical replacement employer. Reference Number 00030182 (Geophysicist), University of Missouri-Rolla, 113 University Center East, 1870 position as a Visiting Assistant Professor of Geology THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-ROLLA Miner Circle, Rolla, MO 65409-1050 beginning January of 2007. It is likely that the position TWO TENURE-TRACK POSITIONS The University of Missouri-Rolla is an affirmative will be extended for the 2007–2008 academic year. GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS action/equal opportunity employer. A Ph.D. or ABD is required by the time of appoint- The Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering ment. Applicants should have demonstrated expertise invites applications for two full-time tenure-track posi- in teaching and the ability to teach courses in Historical tions in the Geology and Geophysics degree program Geology and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). to begin August 2006. The Department currently has 15 Opportunities for Students Two courses plus labs per semester. Whitman College is full-time faculty, and 101 undergraduate and 42 graduate a highly selective liberal arts college located at the foot Part-time Field Assistant Position. Silverton, degree-seeking students with established B.S., M.S., Colorado. Duration: 1 June to 15 August 2006. Project of the Blue Mountains, midway between the Cascades and Ph.D. programs in Geology & Geophysics, Petroleum and the Rockies. Please submit a letter of applica- Title: Geology as a Possible Controlling Factor on Beetle Engineering, and Geological Engineering. Successful Community Structure in a Mountainous Environment tion, curriculum vita, evidence of teaching excellence, applicants will contribute excellence in teaching and and three letters of reference to: Chair of the Geology (Ph.D. project). Job Description: This position will assist mentoring of graduate and undergraduate students, in weekly soil/sediment tests and beetle trapping out in Search Committee, Department of Geology, Whitman scholarship, and externally funded research programs. College, 345 Boyer Avenue, Walla Walla, WA 99362. the field, and will require hiking possibly in rough terrain We seek applicants with interdisciplinary excellence and in most weather conditions. Ninety percent of the Deadline for applications is 15 May 2006. Applicants that can build on current departmental strengths in who would enrich the diversity of the campus commu- job will be out in the field (2–3 days per week). Ideal can- Petroleum Exploration and Development, Environmental didate will have some background in ecology, geology, nity are strongly encouraged to apply and to address Geochemistry, Stratigraphy, Natural Hazard Mitigation, how they can contribute to that diversity. For more or soils that would like experience on an interdisciplinary Petrology and Tectonics, Fractured Rock, and Energy project. You will need to provide your own transporta- information about Whitman College see: http://www. and Minerals Research. Additional opportunities to whitman.edu. tion to Silverton, Colorado, unless you are coming from develop collaborations with scientists and engineers Northwest Ohio. The Mountain Studies Institute, located GEOSCIENCES DEPARTMENT in other programs such as Mining Engineering, Civil in Silverton, will be able to provide low-cost housing MIDDLE TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY Engineering, Environmental Engineering, and Biological ($5–10 per day). Other housing options: Fort Lewis PALEONTOLOGY—TENURE-TRACK, RANK OPEN Sciences are encouraged. For more information please College dorms and campgrounds. Currently this is a The Geosciences Department of Middle Tennessee visit our department Web page (http://gse.umr.edu/). non-paying position. I am in the process of applying State University seeks a broadly trained geologist Geologist. We seek applicants at the Assistant for grant money to be used for this project. If I can get with research and teaching expertise in area of pale- or Associate Professor level for a position in geology. money for this position, it will pay $1,400 for the field ontology and background in stratigraphy, historical Specialty may vary (e.g., Neotectonics, Sedimentology, season. Deadline to apply for this position is 15 April geology, and field geology (Position #125040). Ph.D. Geochemistry), but we encourage individuals who have 2006. If interested, contact Melanie Bergolc at bergolc@ in Geology (or Paleontology, or closely related) with expertise in GIS/ Remote Sensing to apply. Area estab- bgnet.bgsu.edu. Send a CV, cover letter, and a list of specialization in paleontology, is required. Teaching lishments with active collaborative research include the two references that may be contacted, through e-mail responsibilities may include the following undergraduate Civil, Architectural and Environmental Departments on or regular mail: Dept. of Biological Sciences; Bowling courses: Introductory Earth Science, Historical Geology, campus, U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Natural Green State University; 217 Life Sciences; Bowling Invertebrate Paleontology, Stratigraphy, and Regional Resources, Fort Leonard Wood and other agencies. Any Green, OH 43403.

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GSA SALES AND SERVICE P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA +1.303.357.1000, option 3 • Toll free: +1.888.443.4472 • Fax: +1.303.357.1071 www.geosociety.org

68 APRIL/MAY 2006, GSA TODAY Call for Applications and Nominations GSA BOOKS SCIENCE EDITOR

GSA’s internationally recognized journals and books rely on GSA is currently soliciting co-editor applications and the expertise of dedicated science editors who ensure stringent nominations for GSA books. peer review, maintain excellent content, and provide leader- ship in determining the future course of GSA publications. As part of its mission to advance the science of geology, GSA Desirable characteristics for successful candidates include: publishes scholarly books—both state-of-the-art treatments of rapidly evolving subjects and works likely to remain authorita- 1. Broad interest and experience in geosciences; tive references for a number of years. 2. International recognition; Term: January 2007–December 2010. A phased transition should begin in the fall of 2006. GSA provides funding for a 3. Progressive attitude, willing to take risks and part-time assistant, pays the costs of maintaining an editorial encourage innovation; office, and reimburses journal-related travel expenses. Discre- 4. Familiar with many earth scientists and their work; tionary funds also are available. The editor will work out of 5. Sense of perspective and humor; his/her current location at work or home as part of a two-edi- tor team. 6. Organized and productive; 7. Willing to work closely with GSA headquarters If you wish to be considered, please submit a curriculum staff; vitae and a brief letter describing why you are suited for the position. If you wish to nominate another, submit a letter of 8. Able to make decisions; nomination and the individual’s written permission and CV. 9. Familiar with new trends in geosciences; and Send nominations and applications to Jon Olsen, Director of Publications, GSA, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301, 10. Willing to consider nontraditional research in [email protected], by 1 September 2006. Questions geosciences regarding the positions also may be directed to Mr. Olsen.

GSA TODAY, APRIL/MAY 2006 69 GEOSCIENCE DIRECTORY

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