15/3/26 Liberal Arts and Sciences Astronomy James B. Kaler Papers, 1958-2001
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The Agb Newsletter
THE AGB NEWSLETTER An electronic publication dedicated to Asymptotic Giant Branch stars and related phenomena Official publication of the IAU Working Group on Red Giants and Supergiants No. 276 — 1 July 2020 https://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/AGBnews Editors: Jacco van Loon, Ambra Nanni and Albert Zijlstra Editorial Board (Working Group Organising Committee): Marcelo Miguel Miller Bertolami, Carolyn Doherty, JJ Eldridge, Anibal Garc´ıa-Hern´andez, Josef Hron, Biwei Jiang, Tomasz Kami´nski, John Lattanzio, Emily Levesque, Maria Lugaro, Keiichi Ohnaka, Gioia Rau, Jacco van Loon (Chair) Figure 1: The Cat’s Eye Planetary Nebula imaged by Mark Hanson at Stan Watson Observatory with a 24′′ f6.7 teelescope. It includes 23 hours worth of [O iii]. The best known part, the “eye” is just the small object in the middle, while the messy halo extends much further. Notice also the bowshock on the right. (Suggestion by Sakib Rasool.) 1 Editorial Dear Colleagues, It is a pleasure to present you the 276th issue of the AGB Newsletter. Note that IAU Symposium 366 (”The Origin of Outflows in Evolved Stars”) has been postponed until November next year, while in June 2021 there will be a 4-week programme of workshops on stellar astrophysics in the Gaia era, in Munich (Germany). See the announcements for both meetings at the end of the newsletter. Unfortunately our proposal for a Focus Meeting at next year’s IAU General Assembly was not successful. One of the reasons given was: ”Some evaluators commented that Most of the topics in this proposal could have been made 10 or 20 years ago. -
Filter Performance Comparisons for Some Common Nebulae
Filter Performance Comparisons For Some Common Nebulae By Dave Knisely Light Pollution and various “nebula” filters have been around since the late 1970’s, and amateurs have been using them ever since to bring out detail (and even some objects) which were difficult to impossible to see before in modest apertures. When I started using them in the early 1980’s, specific information about which filter might work on a given object (or even whether certain filters were useful at all) was often hard to come by. Even those accounts that were available often had incomplete or inaccurate information. Getting some observational experience with the Lumicon line of filters helped, but there were still some unanswered questions. I wondered how the various filters would rank on- average against each other for a large number of objects, and whether there was a “best overall” filter. In particular, I also wondered if the much-maligned H-Beta filter was useful on more objects than the two or three targets most often mentioned in publications. In the summer of 1999, I decided to begin some more comprehensive observations to try and answer these questions and determine how to best use these filters overall. I formulated a basic survey covering a moderate number of emission and planetary nebulae to obtain some statistics on filter performance to try to address the following questions: 1. How do the various filter types compare as to what (on average) they show on a given nebula? 2. Is there one overall “best” nebula filter which will work on the largest number of objects? 3. -
Spectral Analysis of the Hybrid PG 1159-Type Central Stars of the Planetary Nebulae Abell 43 and NGC 7094
MNRAS 489, 1054–1071 (2019) doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1994 Advance Access publication 2019 July 25 Spectral analysis of the hybrid PG 1159-type central stars of the planetary nebulae Abell 43 and NGC 7094 L. Lobling¨ ,1‹ T. Rauch ,1 M. M. Miller Bertolami,2,3 H. Todt,4 F. Friederich,1 M. Ziegler,1 K. Werner 1 andJ.W.Kruk5 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/489/1/1054/5538811 by Macquarie University user on 29 August 2019 1Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Kepler Center for Astro and Particle Physics, Eberhard Karls University, Sand 1, D-72076 Tubingen,¨ Germany 2Instituto de Astrof´ısica La Plata, CONICET-UNLP, Paseo del Bosque s/n, (B1900FWA) La Plata, Argentina 3Facultad de Ciencias Astronomicas´ y Geof´ısicas, UNLP, Paseo del Bosque s/n, (B1900FWA) La Plata, Argentina 4Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany 5NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA Accepted 2019 July 16. Received 2019 June 18; in original form 2019 April 30 ABSTRACT Stellar post asymptotic giant branch (post-AGB) evolution can be completely altered by a final thermal pulse (FTP) which may occur when the star is still leaving the AGB (AFTP), at the departure from the AGB at still constant luminosity (late TP, LTP) or after the entry to the white-dwarf cooling sequence (very late TP, VLTP). Then convection mixes the He- rich material with the H-rich envelope. According to stellar evolution models the result is a star with a surface composition of H ≈ 20 per cent by mass (AFTP), ≈ 1 per cent (LTP), or (almost) no H (VLTP). -
Accretion Flows in Nonmagnetic White Dwarf Binaries As Observed in X-Rays
Accretion Flows in Nonmagnetic White Dwarf Binaries as Observed in X-rays Şölen Balmana,< aKadir Has University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Cibali 34083, Istanbul, Turkey ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) are compact binaries with white dwarf (WD) primaries. CVs and other cataclysmic variables - accretion, accre- accreting WD binaries (AWBs) are useful laboratories for studying accretion flows, gas dynamics, tion disks - thermal emission - non-thermal outflows, transient outbursts, and explosive nuclear burning under different astrophysical plasma con- emission - white dwarfs - X-rays: bina- ditions. They have been studied over decades and are important for population studies of galactic ries X-ray sources. Recent space- and ground-based high resolution spectral and timing studies, along with recent surveys indicate that we still have observational and theoretical complexities yet to an- swer. I review accretion in nonmagnetic AWBs in the light of X-ray observations. I present X-ray diagnostics of accretion in dwarf novae and the disk outbursts, the nova-like systems, and the state of the research on the disk winds and outflows in the nonmagnetic CVs together with comparisons and relations to classical and recurrent nova systems, AM CVns and Symbiotic systems. I discuss how the advective hot accretion flows (ADAF-like) in the inner regions of accretion disks (merged with boundary layer zones) in nonmagnetic CVs explain most of the discrepancies and complexities that have been encountered in the X-ray observations. I stress how flickering variability studies from optical to X-rays can be probes to determine accretion history and disk structure together with how the temporal and spectral variability of CVs are related to that of LMXBs and AGNs. -
Messier Objects
Messier Objects From the Stocker Astroscience Center at Florida International University Miami Florida The Messier Project Main contributors: • Daniel Puentes • Steven Revesz • Bobby Martinez Charles Messier • Gabriel Salazar • Riya Gandhi • Dr. James Webb – Director, Stocker Astroscience center • All images reduced and combined using MIRA image processing software. (Mirametrics) What are Messier Objects? • Messier objects are a list of astronomical sources compiled by Charles Messier, an 18th and early 19th century astronomer. He created a list of distracting objects to avoid while comet hunting. This list now contains over 110 objects, many of which are the most famous astronomical bodies known. The list contains planetary nebula, star clusters, and other galaxies. - Bobby Martinez The Telescope The telescope used to take these images is an Astronomical Consultants and Equipment (ACE) 24- inch (0.61-meter) Ritchey-Chretien reflecting telescope. It has a focal ratio of F6.2 and is supported on a structure independent of the building that houses it. It is equipped with a Finger Lakes 1kx1k CCD camera cooled to -30o C at the Cassegrain focus. It is equipped with dual filter wheels, the first containing UBVRI scientific filters and the second RGBL color filters. Messier 1 Found 6,500 light years away in the constellation of Taurus, the Crab Nebula (known as M1) is a supernova remnant. The original supernova that formed the crab nebula was observed by Chinese, Japanese and Arab astronomers in 1054 AD as an incredibly bright “Guest star” which was visible for over twenty-two months. The supernova that produced the Crab Nebula is thought to have been an evolved star roughly ten times more massive than the Sun. -
April 2020 Page 1 of 11
Pretoria Centre ASSA April 2020 Page 1 of 11 NEWSLETTER APRIL 2020 Dear member In the light of the current situation and based upon advice from a virologist at one of the leading pathology laboratories, we regret to have to cancel the March and April viewing evenings and meetings of the Pretoria Centre of ASSA. The situation will be reviewed in time for the May activities and members will be informed of any changes. This decision was not taken lightly, but we believe the health of our members is important and we would not like to be the reason one of our members should fall victim to the virus. We apologize for the inconvenience and trust the skies will be clear wherever you wish to spend time under the stars. Bosman Olivier Chairman TABLE OF CONTENTS Astronomy-related articles on the Internet 2 Astronomy basics: Galaxies 3 Feature of the month: Biggest explosion seen since the Big Bang 3 Astronomy-related images and video clips on the Internet 3 Astronomy basics: Galaxies 3 Observing: A different star cluster - by Magda Streicher 4 NOTICE BOARD 5 Pretoria Centre committee 5 Open Star Clusters with Superimposed Planetary Nebulae: 6 M46/NGC 2438 and NGC 2818/2818A Pretoria Centre ASSA April 2020 Page 2 of 11 Astronomy-related articles on the Internet Is bright Comet ATLAS disintegrating? https://earthsky.org/space/how-to-see-bright- comet-c-2019-y4-atlas?utm_source=EarthSky+News&utm_campaign=11f7198ca6- EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_02_02_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_c64394 5d79-11f7198ca6-394671529 Meet the giant exoplanet where it rains iron. The temperatures on the day side of giant exoplanet WASP-76b are scorching, high enough for metals to be vapourized. -
Winter Constellations
Winter Constellations *Orion *Canis Major *Monoceros *Canis Minor *Gemini *Auriga *Taurus *Eradinus *Lepus *Monoceros *Cancer *Lynx *Ursa Major *Ursa Minor *Draco *Camelopardalis *Cassiopeia *Cepheus *Andromeda *Perseus *Lacerta *Pegasus *Triangulum *Aries *Pisces *Cetus *Leo (rising) *Hydra (rising) *Canes Venatici (rising) Orion--Myth: Orion, the great hunter. In one myth, Orion boasted he would kill all the wild animals on the earth. But, the earth goddess Gaia, who was the protector of all animals, produced a gigantic scorpion, whose body was so heavily encased that Orion was unable to pierce through the armour, and was himself stung to death. His companion Artemis was greatly saddened and arranged for Orion to be immortalised among the stars. Scorpius, the scorpion, was placed on the opposite side of the sky so that Orion would never be hurt by it again. To this day, Orion is never seen in the sky at the same time as Scorpius. DSO’s ● ***M42 “Orion Nebula” (Neb) with Trapezium A stellar nursery where new stars are being born, perhaps a thousand stars. These are immense clouds of interstellar gas and dust collapse inward to form stars, mainly of ionized hydrogen which gives off the red glow so dominant, and also ionized greenish oxygen gas. The youngest stars may be less than 300,000 years old, even as young as 10,000 years old (compared to the Sun, 4.6 billion years old). 1300 ly. 1 ● *M43--(Neb) “De Marin’s Nebula” The star-forming “comma-shaped” region connected to the Orion Nebula. ● *M78--(Neb) Hard to see. A star-forming region connected to the Orion Nebula. -
Title of the Paper
Variable Star and Exoplanet Section of Czech Astronomical Society and Planetarium Ostrava Proceedings of the 51st Conference on Variable Stars Research Planetarium Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic 1st November - 3rd November 2019 Editor-in-chief Radek Kocián Participants of the conference OPEN EUROPEAN JOURNAL ON VARIABLE STARS November 2020 http://oejv.physics.muni.cz ISSN 1801-5964 DOI: 10.5817/OEJV2020-0208 TABLE OF CONTENTS Modeling of GX Lacertae ........................................................................................................................................ 5 Cataclysmic variable CzeV404 Her ......................................................................................................................... 8 On the spin period variability in intermediate polars ............................................................................................. 11 Photometric and spectroscopic observation of symbiotic variables at private observatory Liptovská Štiavnica ... 18 Outburst activity of flare stars 2014 – 2019 ........................................................................................................... 29 2 OPEN EUROPEAN JOURNAL ON VARIABLE STARS November 2020 http://oejv.physics.muni.cz ISSN 1801-5964 DOI: 10.5817/OEJV2020-0208 INTRODUCTION The Variable Star and Exoplanet Section of the Czech Astronomical Society organized traditional autumn conference on research and news in the field of variable stars. The conference was held in a comfortable space of Ostrava Planetarium. In addition -
Starshade Exoplanet Data Challenge
Starshade exoplanet data challenge a,b, a,c a Renyu Hu , * Sergi R. Hildebrandt , Mario Damiano, a a a Stuart Shaklan , Stefan Martin , and Doug Lisman a Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States b California Institute of Technology, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, California, United States c California Institute of Technology, Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, Pasadena, California, United States Abstract. Starshade in formation flight with a space telescope is a rapidly maturing technology that would enable imaging and spectral characterization of small planets orbiting nearby stars in the not-too-distant future. While performance models of starshade-assisted exoplanet imaging have been developed and used to design future missions, their results have not been verified from the analyses of synthetic images. Following a rich history of using community data challenges to evaluate image-processing capabilities in astronomy and exoplanet fields, the Starshade Technology Development to TRL5 (S5), a focused technology development activity managed by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program, is organizing and implementing a starshade exo- planet data challenge. The purpose of the data challenge is to validate the flow down of require- ments from science to key instrument performance parameters and to quantify the required accuracy of noisy background calibration with synthetic images. This data challenge distin- guishes itself from past efforts in the exoplanet field in that (1) it focuses on the detection and spectral characterization of small planets in the habitable zones of nearby stars, and (2) it devel- ops synthetic images that simultaneously include multiple background noise terms—some observations specific to starshade—including residual starlight, solar glint, exozodiacal light, detector noise, as well as variability resulting from starshade’s motion and telescope jitter. -
Planetary Nebulae
Planetary Nebulae A planetary nebula is a kind of emission nebula consisting of an expanding, glowing shell of ionized gas ejected from old red giant stars late in their lives. The term "planetary nebula" is a misnomer that originated in the 1780s with astronomer William Herschel because when viewed through his telescope, these objects appeared to him to resemble the rounded shapes of planets. Herschel's name for these objects was popularly adopted and has not been changed. They are a relatively short-lived phenomenon, lasting a few tens of thousands of years, compared to a typical stellar lifetime of several billion years. The mechanism for formation of most planetary nebulae is thought to be the following: at the end of the star's life, during the red giant phase, the outer layers of the star are expelled by strong stellar winds. Eventually, after most of the red giant's atmosphere is dissipated, the exposed hot, luminous core emits ultraviolet radiation to ionize the ejected outer layers of the star. Absorbed ultraviolet light energizes the shell of nebulous gas around the central star, appearing as a bright colored planetary nebula at several discrete visible wavelengths. Planetary nebulae may play a crucial role in the chemical evolution of the Milky Way, returning material to the interstellar medium from stars where elements, the products of nucleosynthesis (such as carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and neon), have been created. Planetary nebulae are also observed in more distant galaxies, yielding useful information about their chemical abundances. In recent years, Hubble Space Telescope images have revealed many planetary nebulae to have extremely complex and varied morphologies. -
Správa O Činnosti Organizácie SAV Za Rok 2017
Astronomický ústav SAV Správa o činnosti organizácie SAV za rok 2017 Tatranská Lomnica január 2018 Obsah osnovy Správy o činnosti organizácie SAV za rok 2017 1. Základné údaje o organizácii 2. Vedecká činnosť 3. Doktorandské štúdium, iná pedagogická činnosť a budovanie ľudských zdrojov pre vedu a techniku 4. Medzinárodná vedecká spolupráca 5. Vedná politika 6. Spolupráca s VŠ a inými subjektmi v oblasti vedy a techniky 7. Spolupráca s aplikačnou a hospodárskou sférou 8. Aktivity pre Národnú radu SR, vládu SR, ústredné orgány štátnej správy SR a iné organizácie 9. Vedecko-organizačné a popularizačné aktivity 10. Činnosť knižnično-informačného pracoviska 11. Aktivity v orgánoch SAV 12. Hospodárenie organizácie 13. Nadácie a fondy pri organizácii SAV 14. Iné významné činnosti organizácie SAV 15. Vyznamenania, ocenenia a ceny udelené organizácii a pracovníkom organizácie SAV 16. Poskytovanie informácií v súlade so zákonom o slobodnom prístupe k informáciám 17. Problémy a podnety pre činnosť SAV PRÍLOHY A Zoznam zamestnancov a doktorandov organizácie k 31.12.2017 B Projekty riešené v organizácii C Publikačná činnosť organizácie D Údaje o pedagogickej činnosti organizácie E Medzinárodná mobilita organizácie F Vedecko-popularizačná činnosť pracovníkov organizácie SAV Správa o činnosti organizácie SAV 1. Základné údaje o organizácii 1.1. Kontaktné údaje Názov: Astronomický ústav SAV Riaditeľ: Mgr. Martin Vaňko, PhD. Zástupca riaditeľa: Mgr. Peter Gömöry, PhD. Vedecký tajomník: Mgr. Marián Jakubík, PhD. Predseda vedeckej rady: RNDr. Luboš Neslušan, CSc. Člen snemu SAV: Mgr. Marián Jakubík, PhD. Adresa: Astronomický ústav SAV, 059 60 Tatranská Lomnica http://www.ta3.sk Tel.: 052/7879111 Fax: 052/4467656 E-mail: [email protected] Názvy a adresy detašovaných pracovísk: Astronomický ústav - Oddelenie medziplanetárnej hmoty Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 04 Bratislava Vedúci detašovaných pracovísk: Astronomický ústav - Oddelenie medziplanetárnej hmoty prof. -
Thinking Outside the Sphere Views of the Stars from Aristotle to Herschel Thinking Outside the Sphere
Thinking Outside the Sphere Views of the Stars from Aristotle to Herschel Thinking Outside the Sphere A Constellation of Rare Books from the History of Science Collection The exhibition was made possible by generous support from Mr. & Mrs. James B. Hebenstreit and Mrs. Lathrop M. Gates. CATALOG OF THE EXHIBITION Linda Hall Library Linda Hall Library of Science, Engineering and Technology Cynthia J. Rogers, Curator 5109 Cherry Street Kansas City MO 64110 1 Thinking Outside the Sphere is held in copyright by the Linda Hall Library, 2010, and any reproduction of text or images requires permission. The Linda Hall Library is an independently funded library devoted to science, engineering and technology which is used extensively by The exhibition opened at the Linda Hall Library April 22 and closed companies, academic institutions and individuals throughout the world. September 18, 2010. The Library was established by the wills of Herbert and Linda Hall and opened in 1946. It is located on a 14 acre arboretum in Kansas City, Missouri, the site of the former home of Herbert and Linda Hall. Sources of images on preliminary pages: Page 1, cover left: Peter Apian. Cosmographia, 1550. We invite you to visit the Library or our website at www.lindahlll.org. Page 1, right: Camille Flammarion. L'atmosphère météorologie populaire, 1888. Page 3, Table of contents: Leonhard Euler. Theoria motuum planetarum et cometarum, 1744. 2 Table of Contents Introduction Section1 The Ancient Universe Section2 The Enduring Earth-Centered System Section3 The Sun Takes