SHORT COMMUNICATION

Annals of Applied Nematology 1 : 127-128. 1987. © The Society of Nematologists 1987. First Report of a Tylenchulus sp. on in , , , and

E.J. WEHUNT, 1 A. M. GOLDEN, 2 C. F. WEAVER, s AND R. RODRiGUEZ-KABANA s

Abstract: A Tylenchulus sp. found in a Georgia peach orchard parasitized peach roots in the greenhouse. Citrus roots were not parasitized, indicating that the nematode was not the citrus nematode. Morphologically similar populations were found in one peach orchard in Alabama, two orchards in Arkansas, and one in South Carolina. Males were present in the Alabama populations and one of the Arkansas populations. A population was also found in an area of mixed hardwood and pine in Arkansas. The populations are morphologically different from the citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Key words: Alabama, Arkansas, citrus nematode, Georgia, peach, South Carolina, Tylenchulus.

The citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semi- trees exhibiting wilting and nonwihing penetrans Cobb, 1913, has been reported symptoms. Subsequently Tylenchulus sp. fe- on Citrus in all major citrus growing re- males and juveniles were found under two gions of the world (1). In the United States trees adjacent to the original site. Addi- the nematode has been reported in Ala- tional infestations were found during rou- bama, , , , Ha- tine nematode population monitoring of waii, , and . The host range experiments: one on the USDA ARS of the citrus nematode and its biotypes in- Southeastern Fruit and Tree Nut Research cludes Andropogon rhizomatus Swallen, Dios- Laboratory, Byron, Georgia, and one on pyros lotus L., Mikania batatifolin DC., Olea the Sand Hills Experiment Station, Pon- europea L., Panicum sp., vulgaris L., tiac, South Carolina. Males were not found. Vitis vinifera L., and several and cul- Tylenchulus sp. females were found in a tivars of Citrus and other members of the peach orchard in Alabama. Later a few Rutaceae. The biology, host range, and males were found and the population was distribution of this nematode were re- tentatively identified as T. semipenetrans. viewed by Tarjan and O'Bannon (2). Re- A Tylenchulus sp. was detected in Arkan- cently Inserra et al. (1) found Andropogon sas at three locations: one in woods on the virginicus L., caroliniana Mill., and Stanley Farm, Scott County; one in a peach Baccharis halimifolia L. infested by a Tylen- orchard on the Arkansas Fruit Substation, chulus sp. that was different in morphology Johnson County; and the third, containing from the one on Citrus. numerous males, in a peach orchard in In- A Tylenchulus sp. was found in a peach dependence County. The population'from (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.) orchard near Independence County was distinct from T. Centerville, Georgia, while assaying and semipenetrans in tail shape of both male and comparing nematode populations from female and in female stylet length. In Georgia, pots of steam-pasteurized soil from infested orchards inoculated with Received for publication 9 March 1987. 1 Research Pathologist, USDA ARS, South Central picked juveniles and pots of nonsterilized Family Farm Research Center, Route 2, Box 144-A, Hwy. soil from the same infested orchard were 23 S., Booneville, AR 72927. 2 Nematologist, Systematic Botany, Mycology, and Nema- planted to grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.), tology Laboratory, Biosystematics and Beneficial Insects In- lemon (Citrus limon Burns F.), (Cit- stitute, USDA ARS, Behsvine, MD 20705. Department of Plant Pathology, Alabama Agricultural rus sinensis (L.) Osh.), and peach (Prunus Experiment Station, Auburn University, AL 36849. persica (L.) Batsch.). Citrus were also 127 128 Annals of Applied Nematology, Volume I, October 1987 planted in a greenhouse soil mix (soil : sand : The Tylenchulus population from the peat moss, 1:1 : 1 v/v) infested with picked peach orchard in Independence County will specimens and with infested roots. Roots be further studied for identity, host range, of test were removed and examined and pathogenicity to peach. This is the first for Tylenchulus sp. females after 4-6 report of a Tylenchulus sp. on peach and of months, soil was processed by sugar-flota- a Tylenchulus sp. in Arkansas, Georgia, and tion-centrifugation, and nematode popu- South Carolina. lations were determined. No infection of LITERATURE CITED peach or Citrus roots occurred when picked 1. Inserra, R. N., J. H. O'Bannon, N. Vovlas, R. specimens were used as inoculum. Peach P. Esser, and K. R. Langdon. 1986. Noncultivated roots, however, were infected when plant- hosts of Tylenchulus semipenetrans grass race. Journal ed into unsterilized soil from the infested of Nematology 18:614 (Abstr.). site. There were no Tylenchulus sp. re- 2. Tarjan, A. C., and J. H. O'Bannon. 1984. Nematode parasites of citrus. Pp. 395-433 in W. R. covered from soil except in pots of unster- Nickle, ed. Plant and insect nematodes. : ilized soil planted to peach. Marcell Dekker.