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Programmatic Environmental Impact Staement for Northern Border

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Programmatic Environmental Impact Staement for Northern Border APPENDIX F NORTHERN BORDER PROGRAMMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT (PEIS) CUMULATIVE SCENARIO Northern Border Activities F-1 July 2012 1.1 NON-U.S. CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES CONTRIBUTING TO CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Cumulative impacts are the result of adding the incremental impacts of the proposed action to other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions. The Customs and Border Protection (CBP) northern border program includes multiple projects and activities. Therefore, the cumulative analysis in the PEIS first discusses the added and synergistic effects of all the individual actions that make up the CBP northern border program. Then the range of actions considered in the cumulative analysis is expanded to address the incremental effects of adding the CBP program to other, non-CBP program past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future projects and activities. Table F-1 lists significant non-CBP projects and activities that could affect the resources potentially affected by the proposed action. The cumulative analysis assumes the implementation of all mitigation measures required by statute and regulation as well as mitigation measures that are part of the CBP program along the northern border. These mitigation measures are considered to be in place for purposes of analysis. Northern Border Activities F-2 July 2012 Table F-1. Non-CBP Projects that Contribute to Cumulative Impacts Project Or Time Spatial Impact-Causing Affected Resource Activity Frame Extent Factors or Issue1 ENTIRE BORDER Vehicular traffic Ongoing Metropolitan areas Air emissions Air quality Congestion Mobility Recreational use of Ongoing Parks, natural areas Air emissions Air quality Off-road vehicles and snowmobiles Compaction Soils Noise Vegetation Wildlife Hunting and Ongoing All states Disturbance to Wildlife fishing wildlife Habitat Habitat disruption Tourism Depletion of wildlife Economic resources Forestry and Ongoing Portions of the Tree removal Soils logging entire border Trucks Vegetation and wildlife Canadian side of Heavy equipment Surface and ground border, especially Access road water British Columbia construction Viewshed Site grading Air quality Air emissions Socioeconomic Noise resources Controlled burns Erosion and runoff Jobs Hiking, biking, Ongoing Trails, parks, other Compaction Soils horseback riding, natural areas cross-country Erosion Water quality skiing. Disturbance Vegetation and wildlife Noise Human health and safety Land use Northern Border Activities F-3 July 2012 Project Or Time Spatial Impact-Causing Affected Resource Activity Frame Extent Factors or Issue1 Road repair and Ongoing All states along the Construction Soils construction border equipment Air quality Soil compaction Vegetation and Erosion wildlife Air emissions Water quality Grading Residential areas Noise Aesthetic quality Jobs Human health and safety Traffic Socioeconomic resources Communication Ongoing All states along the Interference with CBP Radio towers border towers communications Visual impacts Viewshed Patrolling and Ongoing All states along the Air traffic Vegetation reconnaissance by border other agencies Ground patrols Air quality Vessel traffic Cultural resources Noise Wildlife Noise disturbance Human health and safety NEW ENGLAND REGION: MAINE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AND VERMONT Mining – sand, Ongoing Maine Land clearing and Wildlife habitat gravel, cement, grading peat, stone, and Surface and ground clay Excavation and water extraction Human health and Erosion and runoff safety Chemical releases Air quality Hazardous waste Land use Milling and crushing Socioeconomic resources Site reclamation Jobs Northern Border Activities F-4 July 2012 Project Or Time Spatial Impact-Causing Affected Resource Activity Frame Extent Factors or Issue1 Kibby Mountain 22 wind Maine – Kibby and Construction Wildlife habitat Wind Farm – 44 turbines are Skinner Township wind turbines operational; (Franklin County) Facility operations Viewshed another 22 to Visual impacts Air quality be operational Nov., 2010 Noise Socioeconomic resources Reduced air emissions Jobs Kibby Mountain Project is Maine – Sisk Mt, Construction Wildlife habitat Extension Project – currently in Kibby, and Chain 11 to 15 wind the planning of Ponds Facility operations Viewshed turbines stage; Townships Visual impacts Air quality construction (Franklin County) has not begun. Noise Socioeconomic resources Reduced air emissions Jobs The Granite In New Hampshire - Construction Wildlife habitat Reliable Wind Park development – Sanguinary Ridge – 33 wind turbines construction Facility operations Viewshed starting in Visual impacts Air quality 2011 Noise Socioeconomic resources Reduced air emissions Jobs Six wind parks of In Vermont – Orleans Construction Wildlife habitat varying size; up to development County, South 24 wind turbines Hero, Milton, East Facility operations Viewshed Haven, Coventry, Visual impacts Air quality Burlington Noise Socioeconomic resources Reduced air emissions Jobs Glen Ellis Site Beginning New Hampshire – Paving Soils Improvement Oct. 2011 White Mountain Project – possible National Forest Clearing and grading Vegetation and wildlife improvements to Erosion and runoff parking, drainage, Surface water toilet facilities, Construction hiking trails, and Trail maintenance picnic areas Northern Border Activities F-5 July 2012 Project Or Time Spatial Impact-Causing Affected Resource Activity Frame Extent Factors or Issue1 Crawford Planning and New Hampshire – Paving Soils Stewardship analysis stage White Mountain Project – National Forest, Clearing and grading Vegetation and wildlife maintenance and Coos County and Erosion and runoff improvement of Grafton County Surface water existing recreation Construction facilities Trail maintenance Farming – potatoes Ongoing Maine Pesticides and Soils fertilizer Water quality Soil cultivation Wildlife Vegetation removal Land use Erosion and runoff Farming – dairy Ongoing New Hampshire – Grazing Soils cows Coos County Waste Water quality Water contamination Socioeconomic from runoff resources Hazardous waste Forestry and Ongoing Maine, New Tree removal Soils logging Hampshire, Vermont Trucks Vegetation and wildlife Heavy equipment Surface and ground Air emissions water Site grading Air quality Erosion and runoff Viewshed Noise Human health and Jobs safety Socioeconomic resources Land use Northern Border Activities F-6 July 2012 Project Or Time Spatial Impact-Causing Affected Resource Activity Frame Extent Factors or Issue1 Tree farms Ongoing Maine Pesticides and Soils fertilizer Vegetation Reduce biodiversity Wildlife habitat Reduce runoff Water quality Soil stabilization Air quality Oxygen production Land use Carbon dioxide absorption Canada’s 2010 - 2011 Prescott, Ontario Clearing and grading Vegetation and Economic Action and wildlife Construction Plan – Huntingdon, Viewshed Infrastructure at Kingsgate Visual impacts ports of entry - Mobility modernization and Construction traffic New York Socioeconomic expansion of Improved cross- resources Canada Border border traffic Services Agency facilities GREAT LAKES REGION: NEW YORK, PENNSYLVANIA, OHIO, MICHIGAN, AND WISCONSIN Vessel traffic Ongoing Great Lakes, Noise Human health and including Canadian safety waters Air emissions Air quality Discharges to water Water quality Vessel traffic Bruce to Milton 2008 - 2011 Kincardine, Visual impacts Wildlife Transmission Ontario in a (towers) Reinforcement – southeast direction Viewshed Clearing and grading 500-kV electricity to Milton, Ontario Water quality transmission line Erosion and runoff Air quality New York Construction Darlington New 2007 - 2012 Darlington, Runoff Wildlife Nuclear Power Ontario Air emissions Air quality Plant – four new nuclear reactors New York Water discharges Human health and safety Hazardous materials and waste Water resources Hammond Reef Ongoing 170 km west of Runoff Wildlife Gold Mine – Thunder Bay, 50,000 ton/day Ontario Air emissions Air quality gold mine project Chemical releases Water resources Minnesota and Hazardous materials Human health and Wisconsin and waste safety Northern Border Activities F-7 July 2012 Project Or Time Spatial Impact-Causing Affected Resource Activity Frame Extent Factors or Issue1 Marathon Copper 2010 - 10 km north of the Runoff Wildlife Mine – an open-pit ongoing Town of Marathon, mine with ore Ontario Air emissions Air quality being processed at Chemical releases Water resources a nearby processing Wisconsin facility Hazardous materials Human health and and waste safety Port Granby Long- Began in 2010 North shore of Clean up radio-active Wildlife Term Low-Level Lake Ontario waste and Air quality Radioactive Waste contaminated soil Management - Port Human health and New York Air emissions Granby waste safety management Erosion and runoff facility Water resources Hazardous waste EAST OF THE ROCKIES REGION: MINNESOTA, NORTH DAKOTA, AND EASTERN MONTANA Mineral mining Ongoing Minnesota, North Land clearing and Vegetation Dakota, Montana grading Wildlife habitat Excavation and Water resources extraction Human health and Erosion and runoff safety Milling and crushing Air quality Hazardous waste Land use Chemical releases Wind farm and Ongoing Montana – Toole Construction Vegetation energy park County Facility
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