Hadrian's Wall Archaeological Research By

APPENDIX 1 302 Byker, St Dominics Priory, NZ 2585 6445. Trial trenching, 1981 the Roman fort at Benwell, but the excavation was entirely Six trenches were cut in advance of housing development. within made-up ground (brown garden soil) and no indication Appendix 1 Substantial remains of the Wall were found in two parallel of the underlying Roman levels were observed in the bottom trenches. The trench-built foundation to the Wall was 2.3–2.65m of the trench. Archaeological Interventions by CEU, CAS and CfA on Hadrian’s Wall, 1976–2000 wide, consisting of a clay-bound rubble core faced with large, compiled by Tony Wilmott and Paul Austen roughly shaped, sandstone blocks. There was no trace of mortar. 139 Benwell, Pendower School, NZ 214647. Trial trenching, 1978 The north face of the single surviving course of superstructure Trial trenches in advance of a new sports hall to the east the rose vertically from the foundation, but that on the south was School. The conventional line of the ditch and south mound of This is a complete list of the archaeological many cases, however, citation is to the summaries of offset by 100m, giving a width of 2.2m (Bennett 1989, 22). the Vallum lay within the north end of the development area. interventions undertaken by the English Heritage interventions, which have appeared in the Roman Four trial trenches found no traces of the Vallum ditch. The Centre for Archaeology (CfA) and its predecessors in Britain in [year date] section of Britannia over the years. 140 Newcastle upon Tyne, Jubilee Road, NZ 2560 6427. plotting on the OS map of Hadrian’s Wall places the line of the the Hadrian’s Wall zone, and has been compiled from In these cases, and in those where no publication is Trial trenching, 1978 Vallum ditch just beyond the north end of the easternmost the CfA ‘Caspar’ site database. It includes all negative cited, no publication beyond the present list entry and Trial trenching on the line of Hadrian’s Wall between Melbourne trenches, and the results of the present work would seem to observations as well. Publications cited, including those the Britannia summaries is intended. Street and Jubilee Road in advance of housing development. support this (Goodburn 1978, 280). in this volume are the fullest account of the intervention The list is in topographic order, running east–west Masonry of the Wall was found surviving immediately beside available. It will be seen that (with the publication of the along the Wall. The initial number is the CfA Site Grenville Terrace, where it had been located in 1925, and 64 Denton, Methodist Chapel, NZ 2036 6533. Watching brief, 1990 present volume) most have been fully published. In Code. Two sites with no code are labeled *. immediately east of Jubilee Road (Bennett 1998, 22). Watching brief carried out during the excavation by contractors preparatory to a replacement for an existing but defective drain 79 Newcastle upon Tyne, Dean Street, NZ251640. Watching brief, 1988 between two existing manholes opposite the east and west ends Tyneside facing stones observed and reported by the proprietor of the shop, Watching brief during the excavation of pits across the site for the of the frontage. The drain runs approximately east–west and 128 Wallsend, English Industrial Estates site, NZ 2995 6595. both thought to be the remains of Hadrian’s Wall. (Frere 1990, foundations of a new multi-storey carpark. The proposed line of crosses the line of Hadrian’s Wall very obliquely in the gardens in Watching brief, 1977 315). Recent evaluations by Tyne and Wear Museums confirms Hadrian’s Wall resulted from the supposed observation of the front of the Chapel. The facing stones of the south side had In response to a development threat to 15ha of land immediately location for the Wall as being to the south of this location, and the Wall ditch to the south of the site in 1928–9, implying the Wall mostly been removed when the drain was initially inserted at the west of the fort of Segedunum, the area was extensively trial masonry previously revealed must therefore be something else and ditch ran diagonally across the site. Observation of the pits west end of the trench, but one facing stone was seen in situ trenched. It was found that the site had been built up in recent entirely (M Collins, pers comm). revealed no indication of either surviving stratigraphy above the indicating that the south face was 2.5m north of the front of the times, and structural features were all modern, associated with a natural clay (all material having been levelled in recent times) or chapel. The north face was probably 5m from the front of the colliery. A small quantity of Roman and medieval pottery sherds 187 Byker, 260–282 Shields Road, NZ 2720 6486. Trial trenching 1979 of the Wall ditch cut into the clay. Excavation by Miket on this site chapel (Frere 1991 234). were recorded in the disturbed deposits (Bennettt 1998, 32). Trenching took place on the probable line of the Wall in advance in 1973 (Wilson 1974, 410) had failed to find evidence for the of the construction of a new supermarket. The trenches on both Wall ditch in the south-west corner of the carpark area (Frere 54 Denton Burn Thorntree Farm, NZ 202654. Watching brief, 1976 150 Wallsend, Stotts Road, NZ 2925 6573. Trial trenching, 1978 the west and east side of the site revealed the edge of a mortary 1990, 315). A watching brief was held to observe the construction between Trial trenching in advance of housing development to determine the spread. It is assumed, from its nature, that this soil spread was the Charlie Brown Car Part Centre, Denton and the A69 road, which line and preservation state of Hadrian’s Wall between Stotts Road debris from a robbed wall of substantial size, and in view of the 330 Newcastle upon Tyne, Elswick Row, NZ 236641. Trial trenching, 1985 crossed the line of Hadrian’s Wall immediately to the west of and Finchley Crescent. The Wall was found to be built on clay and earlier evidence, it was concluded that the spread represented Trial trenching was carried out within the area bounded by Thorntree Cottage. The consolidated remains of Hadrian’s Wall cobble foundations.A single course of wall facing and core survived, debris from the robbing and/or destruction of Hadrian’s Wall Elswick Row, Back Elswick Street and West Road in advance of lie approx 20m to the west, but no remains of the Wall were the facing stones having tilted outwards owing to the soft nature of itself (Bennett 1998, 2). redevelopment. The area was of particular potential interest observed during the contractors’ working. It appeared that the the ground. West of the church the same had happened, but here the because the Vallum had not been located east of here. Two remains of the Wall had previously been destroyed here. Wall foundations were found to the rear of the original line, 65 Byker 36–78 Shields Road, NZ 264 648. Trial trenching, 1987 trenches, 3m deep, were attempted across the projected line of the demonstrating a subsequent rebuilding. There was no dating Four north–south trial trenches were excavated between the new Vallum, but in each only deep deposits of 19th-century industrial 55 Denton Burn Library car park, NZ 2012654. evidence for this. The Wall, 3.10m, was wider than elsewhere in the west end of the Byker by-pass and the original line of the Shields waste were found and it was concluded that quarrying had Watching brief, 1976 Newcastle–Wallsend area (Bennettt 1998, 24). Road. All four trenches revealed modern demolition debris destroyed all evidence within the area for the course of the Vallum Watching brief during levelling operations and excavation of directly overlying boulder clay, shallow to the east end, slightly (Bennett 1998, 32). service trenches for new Public Conveniences in the car park to 321 Wallsend, Fossway, NZ 284 65. Watching brief, 1981 deeper (up to 700mm) at the west end. No archaeological the east of Denton Library. The site lies approx 10m south of the Observation of a gas pipeline below the southern pavement of the indications of either the Wall or the Wall ditch were found. 300 Newcastle upon Tyne, Nurses home, Westgate Road, NZ 2275 line of Hadrian’s Wall, of which a short length is consolidated a Fossway, from a point opposite 174 Fossway to the junction with 6445. Trial trenching, 1982 little to the east. No archaeological material was found. Barret Road. The pipe was laid in a 1.2m deep trench, and the 347 Byker, 4–36 Shields Road, NZ 264646. Trial trenching, 1985 Trial trenching, in advance of building development west of the stratigraphy throughout this consisted of modern build-up Trial trenching was carried out at the east end of Byker Bridge Nurses Home opposite the Newcastle General Hospital, bounded 196 Denton, 717 West Road, NZ 1998 6548. Excavation, 1980 overlying a dark grey-brown clayey soil containing a number of between the south end of Shields Road and Stephen Street in on the north and west by Westgate Road and Grainger Park Road, Two trenches were excavated either side of 717 West Road, which dressed, squared sandstone blocks with much rubble and mortar advance of by-pass construction. The trenches were excavated to was undertaken in an attempt to define the precise line of lies on the line of Hadrian’s Wall. In the western trench the Broad flecks.

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