Mollusks : Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Mollusks : Carnegie Museum of Natural History Home Pennsylvania Species Virginia Species Land Snail Ecology Resources Contact Virginia Land Snails Oxychilus draparnaudi (Beck, 1837) (non-native) Family: Oxychilidae Common name: Dark-bodied Glass-snail Identification Width: 11.0-16.5mm Height: 6.5-8.0 mm Whorls: 5+ Oxychilus draparnaudi has a flattened, heliciform, brownish-yellow shell with fine radial growth lines (Kerney & Cameron, 1979). The umbilicus is moderately open and the lip simple. The shell is larger, more opaque, and relatively flatter than O. cellarius.The animal is dark blue. Ecology In western Europe, this species is found in moist, shaded habitats like its relatives, including forested rocks, yards and gardens (Kerney & Cameron, 1979). This animal is omnivorous, and preys upon native land snails. Captive O. draparnaudi from Iowa consumed Webbhelix multilineata and Anguispiraalternata, but preferred Euchemotrema fraternum (Frest & Sanders Rhodes, 1982). Taxonomy Synonyms of O. draparnaudi include O. drapanaldi, O. lucidum, Helix lucida, H. nitida, Helicella draparnaldi, and Polita draparnaldi. Distribution This species, introduced into North America, is common in western Europe. In North America this animal is known from Canada and several states, including some in the interior. In Virginia specimens are from only two locations – to the far east and far west of the state. Pilsbry (1946) reported this animal from Staunton and Photo(s): Views of an Oxychilus Norfolk. draparnaudi shell by Robert Forsyth ©. NatureServe Global Rank: G5 NatureServe State Rank: not listed Click photo(s) to enlarge. Ken Hotopp 1/2013 Range Map http://smasheasy.com/molluscs/va_oxychilus_draparnaudi.html[2/19/14 3:39:02 PM] Mollusks : Carnegie Museum of Natural History Return to Mollusks at Carnegie Museum of Natural History | One of the four Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh http://smasheasy.com/molluscs/va_oxychilus_draparnaudi.html[2/19/14 3:39:02 PM].

Copy Link

Recommended publications

27-60, 1999 Redescription Problematic Alpine Oxychilus
BASTERIA, 63: 27-60, 1999 Redescription of two problematic Alpine Oxychilus: O. adamii (Westerlund, 1886) and O. polygyra (Pollonera, 1885) (Pulmonata, Zonitidae) F. Giusti & G. Manganelli Dipartimento di Biologia Evolutiva dell'Universita di Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 1-53100 Siena, Italy of The taxonomic and nomenclatural status Oxychilus adamii (Westerlund, 1886) and O. polygyra is (Pollonera, 1885) revised. These two, very similar species are tentatively assigned to Mediterranean of characterized absent short a ‘subgenus’ Oxychilus by (1) or very flagellum; (2) penial retractor inserted where epiphallus ends and proximal penis begins; (3) internal ornamentation of penis of and of of consisting pleats rows papillae, some which or all with apical thorn; (4) short slender epiphallus internally with series of transverse crests on one side and a few longitudinal the pleats on other; (5) mucous gland forming muff of glandular tissue, denser and yellower around distal portion of free oviduct; (6) and short mesocone on the central tooth. O. adamii is medium-sized shell 16.1 ± 1.0 distinguished by a (diameter mm) and very small papillae withoutapical thorn covering the initialportion of the proximal penis. O. polygyra is distinguished small shell 10.4 ± 0.5 and by a (diameter mm) large papillae with an evident cuticularized The with apical thorn covering the initial portion of the proximal penis. paper concludes a review of the current status of the Oxychilus taxonomy, including main problems and some tentative solutions to be verified in the context of individual revisions. words: Key Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Zonitidae, Oxychilus, taxonomy, nomenclature, Italy. INTRODUCTION Ten species of Oxychilus Fitzinger, 1833, are reported from the Alps: O.
[Show full text]
A New Record of Oxychilus Alliarius (Gastropoda: Zonitidae) with the Species Distribution in the Czech Republic
Malacologica Bohemoslovaca (2009), 8: 63–65 ISSN 1336-6939 A new record of Oxychilus alliarius (Gastropoda: Zonitidae) with the species distribution in the Czech Republic JITKA HORÁČKOVÁ1 & LUCIE JUŘIČKOVÁ2 1Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] HORÁČKOVÁ J. & JUŘIČKOVÁ L., 2009: A new record of Oxychilus alliarius (Gastropoda: Zonitidae) with the spe- cies distribution in the Czech Republic. – Malacologica Bohemoslovaca, 8: 63-65. Online serial at <http://mol- lusca.sav.sk> 3-December-2009. A new ﬁnding of the land snail species Oxychilus alliarius was recorded in the Czech Republic. This West Euro- pean species was found in the six isolated sites during the last thirteen years always in western part of Bohemia. This paper brings new information on the distribution of Oxychilus alliarius in the Czech Republic. Key words: Mollusca, Czech Republic, river ﬂoodplains, faunistic, Oxychilus alliarius Introduction LOŽEK 2003, HLAVÁČ et al. 2003, HORÁČKOVÁ & DVOŘÁK 2008). The first finding of the species was recorded by LO- Oxychilus alliarius (Miller, 1822) (Gastropoda: Zonitidae) ŽEK (1996) in Getsemanka II Nature Reserve in the Brdy is a terrestrial snail, widespread in western and northern Mts. This paper brings new information on its occurrence parts of Europe. Besides isolated occurrences on the is- in the Czech Republic. lands of the Iceland and British Islands, it is common in the continental part of Europe from West France to North Material and methods Switzerland, North-West Germany, North Poland, South Norway, Sweden, and Finland.
[Show full text]
The Ecology of Mitcham Common 1984 Report
THE ECOLOGY OF MITCHAM COMMON THE(A ECOLOGY report on the statusOF MITCHAM of the flora and COMMON fauna) The final report of the "Ecological Survey of Mitcham Common" Supervised by: R.K.A. Morris BSc. FRES Participating authors: R.D. Dunn BSc. A.M. Harvey BSc. J.A. Hollier BSc. ARCS. FRES. C.M. Johnstone Cert. Ecol. Cons. A.D. Sclater BSc. FRES. C. Wilson BSc. Funded by: The Manpower Services Commission Administered by: Merton Community Programme Agency Sponsored by: The Mitcham Common Conservators and the London Borough of Merton Department of Recreation and Arts Report completed and submitted: September 1984. Crown Copyright. Cover photograph: Seven Islands Pond from Mill Hill, September 1974 (Photo Dr P.G. Morris) iv 2016 version This report was produced by a team of recent graduates, employed under the 'Community Programme' and funded by the Manpower Services Commission. The objectives of the Programme were to provide the long-term unemployed with opportunities to train or re- train, so that they might get more permanent work. This Programme funded a considerable number of environmental jobs, and provided the stepping stone for many ecologists to move into mainstream jobs. I have lost contact with most of the team members of this project, but am aware that at least one (apart from me) went onto a successful career in an ecological discipline. Looking back to the year of 1983-84, it is difficult to appreciate the achievement of the team. We commenced work in September 1983 and were due to report in late August 1984. The timing was unfortunate because we were unable to make best use of the year, with the winter occupying most of the project.
[Show full text]
Fauna of New Zealand Ko Te Aitanga Pepeke O Aotearoa
aua o ew eaa Ko te Aiaga eeke o Aoeaoa IEEAE SYSEMAICS AISOY GOU EESEAIES O ACAE ESEAC ema acae eseac ico Agicuue & Sciece Cee P O o 9 ico ew eaa K Cosy a M-C aiièe acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa EESEAIE O UIESIIES M Emeso eame o Eomoogy & Aima Ecoogy PO o ico Uiesiy ew eaa EESEAIE O MUSEUMS M ama aua Eiome eame Museum o ew eaa e aa ogaewa O o 7 Weigo ew eaa EESEAIE O OESEAS ISIUIOS awece CSIO iisio o Eomoogy GO o 17 Caea Ciy AC 1 Ausaia SEIES EIO AUA O EW EAA M C ua (ecease ue 199 acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 38 Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mousca Gasooa Gay M ake acae eseac iae ag 317 amio ew eaa 4 Maaaki Whenua Ρ Ε S S ico Caeuy ew eaa 1999 Coyig © acae eseac ew eaa 1999 o a o is wok coee y coyig may e eouce o coie i ay om o y ay meas (gaic eecoic o mecaica icuig oocoyig ecoig aig iomaio eiea sysems o oewise wiou e wie emissio o e uise Caaoguig i uicaio AKE G Μ (Gay Micae 195— auase eesia Syommaooa (Mousca Gasooa / G Μ ake — ico Caeuy Maaaki Weua ess 1999 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533 ; o 3 IS -7-93-5 I ie 11 Seies UC 593(931 eae o uIicaio y e seies eio (a comee y eo Cosy usig comue-ase e ocessig ayou scaig a iig a acae eseac M Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Māoi summay e y aco uaau Cosuas Weigo uise y Maaaki Weua ess acae eseac O o ico Caeuy Wesie //wwwmwessco/ ie y G i Weigo o coe eoceas eicuaum (ue a eigo oaa (owe (IIusao G M ake oucio o e coou Iaes was ue y e ew eaIa oey oa ue oeies eseac
[Show full text]
Malacologica
FOLIA Folia Malacol. 24(3): 111–177 MALACOLOGICA ISSN 1506-7629 The Association of Polish Malacologists Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe Poznań, September 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.024.008 PATTERNS OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATION IN LAND SNAILS: A MULTI-SCALE APPROACH SERGEY S. KRAMARENKO Mykolaiv National Agrarian University, Paryzka Komuna St. 9, Mykolaiv, 54020, Ukraine (e-mail: [email protected]) ABSTRACT: Mechanisms which govern patterns of intra-specific vatiation in land snails were traced within areas of different size, using Brephulopsis cylindrica (Menke), Chondrula tridens (O. F. Müller), Xeropicta derbentina (Krynicki), X. krynickii (Krynicki), Cepaea vindobonensis (Férussac) and Helix albescens Rossmässler as examples. Morphometric shell variation, colour and banding pattern polymorphism as well as genetic polymorphism (allozymes and RAPD markers) were studied. The results and literature data were analysed in an attempt to link patterns to processes, with the following conclusions. Formation of patterns of intra- specific variation (initial processes of microevolution) takes different course at three different spatial scales. At micro-geographical scale the dominant role is played by eco-demographic characteristics of the species in the context of fluctuating environmental factors. At meso-geographical scale a special part is played by stochastic population-genetic processes. At macro-geographical scale more or less distinct clinal patterns are associated with basic macroclimatic
[Show full text]
Oxychilus (Ortizius) Edmundi Spec
B72(4-6)_totaal-backup_corr:Basteria-basis.qxd 15-9-2008 10:35 Pagina 135 BASTERIA, 72: 135-141, 2008 Oxychilus (Ortizius) edmundi spec. nov. – a new narrow range endemic from Corsica (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Oxychilidae) Gerhard FALKNER Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany; Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris [email protected] Dedicated to EDMUND GITTENBERGER, the outstanding malacologist and true friend, on the occasion of his 65th birthday. A new endemic glass-snail, Oxychilus edmundi spec. nov., is described from the Porto valley on the western coast of the French island Corsica. The single sparse population belongs to the pre- sumed endemic radiation of the O. tropidophorus-group. The new species can be discriminated from its most similar relative, O. tropidophorus (J. Mabille, 1869), of which a topotype could be compared, by its more elevated spire and an extreme bottleneck in the penis, among other char- acters. Key words: Oxychilus edmundi, new species, Ortizius, Oxychilus tropidophorus-group, Corsica, Porto, Commune d’Ota, endemic species. For a long time the degree of endemism in the continental Mollusc fauna of the French Mediterranean Island of Corsica has been considerably underestimated compared to the large Italian Islands of Sardinia and Sicily. From the Italian Checklist (Bodon et al., 1995; Manganelli et al., 1995) a degree of endemism can be deduced of 20% for Sardinia and of 29% for Sicily. The publications of Réal & Réal (1988, 2000), on the other hand, reveal an endemism of only 4.5% for Corsica, the third largest West Mediterranean island after Sicily and Sardinia.
[Show full text]
An Inventory of the Land Snails and Slugs (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda and Pulmonata) of Knox County, Tennessee Author(S): Barbara J
An Inventory of the Land Snails and Slugs (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda and Pulmonata) of Knox County, Tennessee Author(s): Barbara J. Dinkins and Gerald R. Dinkins Source: American Malacological Bulletin, 36(1):1-22. Published By: American Malacological Society https://doi.org/10.4003/006.036.0101 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.4003/006.036.0101 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Amer. Malac. Bull. 36(1): 1–22 (2018) An Inventory of the Land Snails and Slugs (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda and Pulmonata) of Knox County, Tennessee Barbara J. Dinkins1 and Gerald R. Dinkins2 1Dinkins Biological Consulting, LLC, P O Box 1851, Powell, Tennessee 37849, U.S.A [email protected] 2McClung Museum of Natural History and Culture, 1327 Circle Park Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, U.S.A. Abstract: Terrestrial mollusks (land snails and slugs) are an important component of the terrestrial ecosystem, yet for most species their distribution is not well known.
[Show full text]
ZM82 275-280 Gittenbergert.Indd
Two problematic, troglophilous gastropods from the Peloponnese, Greece (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Zonitidae) E. Gitt enberger Gitt enberger, E. Two problematic, troglophilous gastropods from the Peloponnese, Greece (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Zonitidae). Zool. Med. Leiden 82 (28), 20.vi.2008: 275-280, fi gs 1-4.— ISSN 0024-0672. E. Gitt enberger, National Museum of Natural History 'Naturalis', P.O. Box 9517, NL 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands (gitt [email protected]). Key words: Gastropoda; Pulmonata; Oxychilidae; Pristilomatidae; new species; troglodytes; Greece. Two species of pulmonate gastropods are described as new to science although their generic classifi ca- tion remains uncertain since only shells are available for study. The species might be troglodytes. Their shells indicate the presence of subterraneous material. Introduction In 1985 and following years, during several excursions in the eastern part of the Peloponnese, Greece, empty shells of two unknown pulmonate species were found. Their subgeneric or even generic classifi cation is doubtful because of the absence of anatomical data. Probably these species occur in a for humans nearly inaccessible habitat. The snails are most probably troglophilous, if not troglodytic. Their shells may serve as indicators of deposits of subterranean material, which is an argument in favour of naming these species despite the fact that their systematic position remains unclear. Waiting for more data might become a too long wait. Both species were also found in a deposit together with shells of Tsoukatosia liae Gitt enberger, 2000 (Clausili- idae, Serrulininae), a clausiliid species with a glassy transparent shell, also indicative of a subterranean habitat and hitherto known from its type locality only.
[Show full text]
Land Snails of Leicestershire and Rutland
Land Snails of Leicestershire and Rutland Introduction There are 50 known species of land snail found in Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55) which represents about half of the 100 UK species. However molluscs are an under-recorded taxon group so it is possible that more species could be found and equally possible that a few may now be extinct in our two counties. There was a 20 year period of enthusiastic mollusc recording between 1967 and 1986, principally by museum staff, which account for the majority of species. Whilst records have increased again in the last three years thanks to NatureSpot, some species have not been recorded for over 30 years. All our land snails are in the class Gastropoda and the order Pulmonata. Whilst some of these species require damp habitats and are generally found near to aquatic habitats, they are all able to survive out of water. A number of species are largely restricted to calcareous habitats so are only found at a few sites. The sizes stated refer to the largest dimension of the shell typically found in adult specimens. There is much variation in many species and juveniles will of course be smaller. Note that the images are all greater than life size and not all the to the same scale. I have tried to display them at a sufficiently large scale so that the key features are visible. Always refer to the sizes given in the text. Status refers to abundance in Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55). However molluscs are generally under- recorded so our understanding of their distribution could easily change.
[Show full text]
Fauna of New Zealand Website Copy 2010, Fnz.Landcareresearch.Co.Nz
aua o ew eaa Ko te Aiaga eeke o Aoeaoa IEEAE SYSEMAICS AISOY GOU EESEAIES O ACAE ESEAC ema acae eseac ico Agicuue & Sciece Cee P O o 9 ico ew eaa K Cosy a M-C aiièe acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa EESEAIE O UIESIIES M Emeso eame o Eomoogy & Aima Ecoogy PO o ico Uiesiy ew eaa EESEAIE O MUSEUMS M ama aua Eiome eame Museum o ew eaa e aa ogaewa O o 7 Weigo ew eaa EESEAIE O OESEAS ISIUIOS awece CSIO iisio o Eomoogy GO o 17 Caea Ciy AC 1 Ausaia SEIES EIO AUA O EW EAA M C ua (ecease ue 199 acae eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Fauna of New Zealand Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa Number / Nama 38 Naturalised terrestrial Stylommatophora (Mousca Gasooa Gay M ake acae eseac iae ag 317 amio ew eaa 4 Maaaki Whenua Ρ Ε S S ico Caeuy ew eaa 1999 Coyig © acae eseac ew eaa 1999 o a o is wok coee y coyig may e eouce o coie i ay om o y ay meas (gaic eecoic o mecaica icuig oocoyig ecoig aig iomaio eiea sysems o oewise wiou e wie emissio o e uise Caaoguig i uicaio AKE G Μ (Gay Micae 195— auase eesia Syommaooa (Mousca Gasooa / G Μ ake — ico Caeuy Maaaki Weua ess 1999 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533 ; o 3 IS -7-93-5 I ie 11 Seies UC 593(931 eae o uIicaio y e seies eio (a comee y eo Cosy usig comue-ase e ocessig ayou scaig a iig a acae eseac M Ae eseac Cee iae ag 917 Aucka ew eaa Māoi summay e y aco uaau Cosuas Weigo uise y Maaaki Weua ess acae eseac O o ico Caeuy Wesie //wwwmwessco/ ie y G i Weigo o coe eoceas eicuaum (ue a eigo oaa (owe (IIusao G M ake oucio o e coou Iaes was ue y e ew eaIa oey oa ue oeies eseac
[Show full text]
Section IV – Guideline for the Texas Priority Species List
Section IV – Guideline for the Texas Priority Species List Associated Tables The Texas Priority Species List……………..733 Introduction For many years the management and conservation of wildlife species has focused on the individual animal or population of interest. Many times, directing research and conservation plans toward individual species also benefits incidental species; sometimes entire ecosystems. Unfortunately, there are times when highly focused research and conservation of particular species can also harm peripheral species and their habitats. Management that is focused on entire habitats or communities would decrease the possibility of harming those incidental species or their habitats. A holistic management approach would potentially allow species within a community to take care of themselves (Savory 1988); however, the study of particular species of concern is still necessary due to the smaller scale at which individuals are studied. Until we understand all of the parts that make up the whole can we then focus more on the habitat management approach to conservation. Species Conservation In terms of species diversity, Texas is considered the second most diverse state in the Union. Texas has the highest number of bird and reptile taxon and is second in number of plants and mammals in the United States (NatureServe 2002). There have been over 600 species of bird that have been identified within the borders of Texas and 184 known species of mammal, including marine species that inhabit Texas’ coastal waters (Schmidly 2004). It is estimated that approximately 29,000 species of insect in Texas take up residence in every conceivable habitat, including rocky outcroppings, pitcher plant bogs, and on individual species of plants (Riley in publication).
[Show full text]
High Population Differentiation in the Rock-Dwelling Land Snail (Trochulus Caelatus) Endemic to the Swiss Jura Mountains
Conserv Genet (2010) 11:1265–1271 DOI 10.1007/s10592-009-9956-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE High population differentiation in the rock-dwelling land snail (Trochulus caelatus) endemic to the Swiss Jura Mountains Sylvain Ursenbacher Æ Caren Alvarez Æ Georg F. J. Armbruster Æ Bruno Baur Received: 9 February 2009 / Accepted: 24 June 2009 / Published online: 14 July 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 Abstract Understanding patterns of genetic structure is Introduction fundamental for developing successful management pro- grammes for isolated populations of threatened species. The fragmentation of natural habitat is generally consid- Trochulus caelatus is a small terrestrial snail endemic to ered to be a major threat to many species. Population calcareous rock cliffs in the Northwestern Swiss Jura genetic theory predicts that the isolation of small popula- Mountains. Eight microsatellite loci were used to assess the tions lead to a reduction of genetic diversity. Human effect of habitat isolation on genetic population structure activities are often the main causes of habitat fragmenta- and gene flow among nine populations occurring on dis- tion, but geographical processes and/or specific habitat tinct cliffs. We found a high genetic differentiation among requirements may also contribute to natural segregation of populations (mean FST = 0.254) indicating that the popu- populations. Species with limited dispersal ability partic- lations are strongly isolated. Both allelic richness and ularly suffer from isolation, which may lead to a marked effective population size were positively correlated with genetic divergence among populations (e.g. Conner and the size of the cliffs. Our findings support the hypothesis Hartl 2004).
[Show full text]