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Alberto Kenji Yamabuchi 2009 2 UNIVERSIDADE METODISTA DE SÃO PAULO Programa de Doutorado Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Religião O DEBATE SOBRE A HISTÓRIA DAS ORIGENS DO TRABALHO BATISTA NO BRASIL Uma análise das relações e dos conflitos de gênero e poder na Convenção Batista Brasileira dos anos 1960-1980. Orientador: Professor Doutor James Reaves Farris Alberto Kenji Yamabuchi 2009 2 UNIVERSIDADE METODISTA DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO O DEBATE SOBRE A HISTÓRIA DAS ORIGENS DO TRABALHO BATISTA NO BRASIL Uma análise das relações e dos conflitos de gênero e poder na Convenção Batista Brasileira dos anos 1960-1980. POR ALBERTO KENJI YAMABUCHI Orientador: Dr. James Reaves Farris Tese apresentada em cumprimento às exigências do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Religião, para obtenção do grau de doutor. São Bernardo do Campo, Fevereiro de 2009. 3 BANCA EXAMINADORA Presidente: ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. James Reaves Farris Examinador: _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Lourenço Stelio Rega Examinador: _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Silas Molochenco Examinadora: ______________________________________ Profa. Dra. Sandra Duarte de Souza Examinador: _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Geoval Jacinto da Silva 4 Não há judeu nem grego, escravo nem livre, homem nem mulher, pois todos são um em Cristo Jesus. Gálatas 3.28 (NVI) 5 AGRADECIMENTOS Ao Senhor Jesus Cristo, cujo amor fez-me abraçar o ministério pastoral. A Raquel, esposa, amiga, companheira, que compreendeu os meus momentos de isolamento. Aos meus filhos: Thiago, meu orgulho, Paulinho, minha paixão e Yan, minha esperança. Ao meu mestre e orientador, Dr. James Reaves Farris. Ao Pastor Mário Pereira da Silva, aos irmãos e às irmãs da Igreja Batista em Vila Gerte em São Caetano do Sul, cujo apoio foi fundamental para a realização deste trabalho. 6 YAMABUCHI, Alberto Kenji. O debate sobre a história das origens do trabalho batista no Brasil: uma análise das relações e dos conflitos de gênero e poder na Convenção Batista Brasileira dos anos 1960-1980. São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 2009. Tese de Doutorado. Universidade Metodista de São Paulo. SINOPSE O presente trabalho analisou as relações e os conflitos de gênero e poder observados durante o debate sobre as origens do trabalho batista no Brasil, debate esse entre o Pastor José dos Reis Pereira, líder oficial da Convenção Batista Brasileira durante os anos 1960-1980 e a pesquisadora batista Betty Antunes de Oliveira. A análise do conflito foi realizada principalmente com a mediação de gênero como instrumento hermenêutico, conforme os pressupostos de Joan Wallach Scott. Desse modo, a pesquisa teve como propósito principal, a partir da análise do debate, dar visibilidade ao conflito de gênero nos lugares de poder da Convenção Batista Brasileira dos anos 1960-1980, conflito dissimulado pelos discursos batistas sobre direitos de liberdade e igualdade sociais. Esta pesquisa trabalhou basicamente com as seguintes hipóteses: a dinâmica do debate foi fortalecida pelo contexto sociopolítico daqueles anos, que favoreceu a emergência dos movimentos de mulheres e feminista no Brasil, cujas influências foram também sentidas em outras tradições de fé cristã; e o resultado final do debate dependeu mais das questões de gênero e poder do que das discussões técnicas e acadêmicas sobre o acerto histórico do marco inicial do trabalho batista no Brasil. O ineditismo desta pesquisa está em oferecer uma nova perspectiva do debate sobre as origens do trabalho batista no Brasil, a partir do uso da categoria de gênero como instrumento de análise, o que complementará, desse modo, a pesquisa acadêmica já publicada sobre o tema. Palavras-Chave: Batistas, História dos Batistas Brasileiros, Gênero, Poder, Feminismo, Teologia Feminista. 7 YAMABUCHI, Alberto Kenji. The debate regarding the history of the origins of Baptist work in Brazil: an analysis of relations and conflicts of gender and power in the Brazilian Baptist Convention between 1960 and 1980. São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 2009. Doctoral Thesis. The Methodist University of São Paulo. ABSTRACT The present work analyzed relations and conflicts of gender and power observed during the debate regarding the origins of Baptist work in Brazil; a debate between Pastor José dos Reis Pereira, the official leader of the Brazilian Baptist Convention during the years 1960-1980, and the Baptist researcher Betty Antunes de Oliveira. The analysis of the conflict was realized principally via the mediation of gender as principal hermeneutic tool, following the presuppositions of Joan Wallach Scott. In this manner, the research had as its principal proposal, based on an analysis of the debate, to give visibility to the conflict of gender in the places of power in the Brazilian Baptist Convention during the period 1960-1980, and dissimulated by Baptist discourses on the rights of liberty and social equality. This research was based on the following hypotheses: the dynamic of the debate was strengthened by the sociopolitical context of those years, which favored the emergence of women’s and feminist movements in Brazil, whose influences were also felt in other Christian traditions; and the final result of the debate depended more on questions of gender and power than technical and academic discussions regarding the historical date of the commencement of Baptist work in Brazil. The original contribution of this research is in offering a new perspective regarding the origins of Baptist work in Brazil, based on the category of gender as the instrument of analysis, which, as such, compliments academic research already published regarding the theme. Key Words: Baptist, History of Brazilian Baptists, Gender, Power, Feminism, Feminist Theology. 8 YAMABUCHI, Alberto Kenji. Le débat sur l’histoire des origines du travail batiste en Brésil: Une analise des relations et des conflits de genre et pouvoir à la Convention Batiste Brésilienne des années 1960-1980. São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 2009. Thèse pour le Doctorat. Universidade Metodiste de São Paulo. SYNOPSIS Le travail présent a analisé les relations et les conflits de genre et pouvoir observés pendant le débat sur les origines du travail batiste en Brésil, débat entre le pasteur José dos Reis Pereira, leader officiel de la Convention Batiste Brésilienne pendant les annés 1960-1980 et la chercheuse batiste Betty Antunes de Oliveira. L’analyse du conflit a été realisée principalement avec l’entremédiaire de genre comme instrument Herméneutique, conforme les présuppositions de Joan Wallach Scott. De cette façon, le recherce a eu l’intention principale, a partir de l’analyse du débat, donner de visibilité au conflit de genre dans les endroit de pouvoir de la Convention Batiste Brésilienne pendant les années 1960-1980, conflit dissimulé par les discours batistes sur les droits de liberté et égalité sociaux. Cette recherche a travaillé basiquement avec les hypothèse suivantes : La dynamique de débat a été fortifiée par le contexte social-politique de ces années, ce que a favorisé l’émergence des mouvements des femmes et féministes en Brésil, dont l’influence a aussi été sentie dans des autres traditions du foi crétien, et le résultat final du débat a dépendu plus des questions de genre et de pouvoir que des discussions teqniques e académiques sur la justesse historique de la borne initiale du travail batiste en Brésil. L’inéditement de cette recherche se rencontre dans la nouvelle prespective du débat sur les origines du travail batiste en Brésil, a partir de l’usage du catégorie de genre comme instrument d’analyse, ce qui va complémenter, de cette façon, la recherche académique déjà publiée sur ce sujet. Palavras chave: Batistes, Histoire des Batistes Brésiliennes, Genre, Pouvoir, Féminism, Théologie Féministe. 9 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO. ................................................................................................. 14 1. Tema. ....................................................................................................... 14 2. Resumo da pesquisa. .............................................................................. 15 3. Problematização e delimitação do tema. .............................................. 16 3.1 Gênese do problema. ........................................................................ 16 3.2 Como o problema tem sido abordado. ............................................ 18 3.3 Delimitação do tema. ........................................................................ 19 3.4 Problematização do tema. ................................................................ 19 4. Hipóteses. ................................................................................................. 21 5. Justificativa. ............................................................................................. 22 5.1 A escolha do tema e do objeto. ......................................................... 22 5.2 Originalidade da pesquisa. ............................................................... 23 5.3 Relevância social da pesquisa. .......................................................... 23 6. Objetivos. .................................................................................................. 25 6.1 Objetivo geral. .................................................................................... 25 6.2 Objetivos específicos. ......................................................................... 25 7. Revisão de literatura. ..............................................................................
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