University of Rochester Spring 1988

Review

Departments Features

From the President 2 Bedtime Story 3 Rochester in Review 32 by Jan Fitzpatrick Alumni Gazette 38 Sleep; Everybody does it but lew know much about it. Alumni Milestones 42 Anew medical specialty Is unveiling some of the mysteries. Rochester Travelers 45 After/Words 48 David B. Skinner '56 CEO, New York Hospital­ Cornell Medical Center Our Most Quoted Alumnus 8 by Elizabeth Brayer Roches'er Re"iew Every morning schoolchildren across America recite EdilOr: Margarel Bond Assislanl editor: Denise Bolger Kovnal the cadenced phrases of advertising genius Francis Staff "'riler: Shinji Morokuma J, Bellamy, a one-time clergyman with a "knack tor Design manager: Stephen Reynolds words. " Graphic anist: Susan Gottfried Staff pholographer: James Montanus Editorial assistants: Joyce Farrell, Tim Fox Design: Roben Meyer Design, Inc. Editorial office, 108 Administration Color Him Ecstatic 16 Building, Universily of Rochester. Rochesler, NY 14627, (716) 275-2102. by Jeremy Schlosberg Michael Torke '84E supports himself as a tull·time Published quarrerly for alumni, studenls, lheir parents. and other friends of the Uni­ composer. At any age this is noteworthy. At age 26 versity, Rochester Review is produced by it is astounding. lhe Office of UniversilY Public Relations, Roben Kraus, director. Office of Alumni Relations, University of Rochester, Rochesler, NY 14627, (716) 275-3684. Opinions expressed are those of the How Many Ways to Tell About Time 20 aUlhors, lhe editors, or lheir subjecls and do not necessarily represent official posi­ by Thomas Fitzpatrick lions of the UniversilY of Rochesler. The 1988 Rochester Conference turns the University Postmaster: '-:--"'~'-'~- into a community of clock watchers. Send address changes to Rochester Review, -! 108 Administration Building, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627. , .....-': I,. -. eo'.r: Design/an direclion, Susan GOllfried/ Slephen Reynolds; photograph, James MOnlanus; Bellamy memorabilia, collection When Time Stands Still 26 of University of Rochester Libraries, Photos from the Eastman House collection courresy of Karl Kabelac. Photographers throughout the last 160 years have been freezing time In ever smaller slices. Six pages of pictures show you some Df the ways. Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Some folks can fall asleep sitting at a traffic light, eating dinner, or making love. Others spend huge sums on all kinds ofsoporifics-and still can't catch the Dreamland Express. None of this is news to Donald Greenblatt '69, whose specialty is studying other people's sleeping habits.

STORY

By Jan Fitzpatrick Greenblatt is director of the Sleep others - many of them mothers wor­ Disorders Center at St. Mary's, one of ried about their children's sleep Like most of the rest of us, Donald the School of Medicine and Dentistry's difficulties, problems with night ter­ Greenblatt sleeps away a big chunk of affiliated teaching ho pitals. Over a ror , sleepwalking, or bed-wetting. his nighttime hours. But during the year's time he sees about 400 people "God bless the man who first invent­ day, he has a most unusual routine: with some kind of leep problem and ed sleep!" Sancho Panza xdaims in He watches others sleep. talks on the phone to dozens of 3 Rochester Re w/Spring 1988

When Is Bedtime for Bonzo? HRS Species vary enormously in their requirements for daily rest, and those ZZZZZZZZZZZZ~O requirements can vary with changes in external circumstances. BAT In the wild, for instance, it's lights ZZZZZZZZZZZZ19 out for Bonzo (literally) when the sun goes down, at which point chimpanzees HAMSTER ZZZZZZZZZ 14 begin preparing their nests and settling down for the night. Th n it's back to RAT the old monkey business at dawn the ZZZZZZZZ 13 next day. Chimp sleeping behavior changes in captivity. For want of something better ZZZZZZZ 12 to do, captive chimps often sleep until well after first light and then tend to take a lot of naps. The sleeping patterns ZZZZZZ 10 of zoo chimps are also controlled, in part, by the visiting hours of their bair­ HUMAN ZZZZZ 8 less cousins. Other mammals require greater and cow lesser amounts of sleep, with humans ZZZZ 7 falling somewhere near the middle of the pack. At the right is a scale of the SHEEP sleep requirements of some represent­ llll6 ative snoozers. HORSE llZ 5 ll4 o

: ;

*The porpoise is doomed to eternal sleeplessness because it must always be alert enough to to rise to the surface when it has to breathe. It solves the problem by occasionally allowing selected portions of its brain to shut down while the rest monitors the breathing.

you are ready to. "Unless they prepare Shift workers - especially those eight hours later than it did, it'll take for the time-zone change, the Lak rs who work rotating shifts - often have you about a week to get used to the may have mor of a pr blem when trouble because they frequently must new schedule. ' Unfortunately," he they play the Celtics in Boston than change their hours at just about the points out, "that is just about the time the Celtics do playing in Los Angeles," time their bodies are getting accus­ many empi yers rotate their people to says Greenblatt. tomed to their current shift. Green­ a new shift. " It's also easier to adjust to the re­ blatt's rule of thumb is that it takes Because shift worker earn a higher turn of Standard Time in the fall about one day to adjust to every hour pay differential, workers themselves (which, by turning the clock back, of change you make. I f, for instance, aren't eager to change the system. But lengthens the day) than it is to switch you fly across a single time zone, it'll they may pay a heavy co t in personal over to Daylight Sa ing Time in take you a day to adjust. If you fly health. "Compared to other people, spring. ' tatistics show that the inci­ across three, it'll take you three days. shift workers have a much higher inci­ dence of auto accidents goes up right So if your workday suddenly begins d nce of problem with poor sleep, after Daylight Saving Time goes into drug and alcohol abuse, heart disease, effect," he notes.

5 Roche ter Review/Spring 1988

One of the first things Greenblatt often resort to heroic measures just to held in place by a gauze pad soaked in finds out from a too-sleepy patient is lead a normal life. Greenblatt remem­ adhesive. (Oddly, they don't seem to whether he or she snores. bers a patient who could manage to interfere much with sleep.) The elec­ Rafter-rattling in the middle of the stay in college only by walking around trodes transmit signals to a machine in night is a sign that his patient may be vigorously while she studied. the control room with as many dials suffering from obstructive sleep To find out just how sleepy patients as the cockpit of a jet. As the sleeper apnea - the closing off of airways to really are, Greenblatt does more than snoozes, graph paper pours out of it, the lungs. listen to their troubles. He puts them recording in spidery lines the brain "In movies and cartoons, you see to bed and monitors everything from waves, heartbeats, eye movements, and someone snoring loudly and it's funny, breathing to brain waves as they other body functions. right? But the more patients I see, the slumber. Greenblatt's practiced eye can deter­ more I'm convinced that snoring isn't Escorting a visitor through the Sleep mine from the patterns on the paper benign," says Greenblatt. Disorders Center at St. Mary's Hospi­ when his patients fall asleep, whether Snorers with apnea have smaller air­ tal he opens the door to one of three they are dreaming, if they are sufferers ways than other people. During sleep, "bedrooms," each furnished with a from apnea, and other helpful infor­ the airway may actually relax to the hospital bed, a desk, and a chair. mation. point of closing off the pathway for Greenblatt apologizes for the institu­ After spending a night sleeping in oxygen to reach the lungs. The brain tional flavor of the decor. "We'd like to their usual manner, patients are awak­ senses that oxygen levels have dropped have the rooms look homier. When we ened at 7 a.m. for breakfast. At 10 dangerously, so it "wakes up" the pa­ redecorate, we'll have wallpaper and o'clock they go back into the room for tient to get the breathing started again put in beds that aren't hospital style." a nap. Lights out, door closed, under - usually with a snort. The arousal Patients who use the bedrooms are the covers. They're given 20 minutes to may last less than a minute, and the outfitted with electrodes from head to fall asleep. If they drop off, they're al­ sleeper probably won't remember the foot. They're attached to the skin and lowed to sleep for 10 minutes before episode, which might be repeated as being awakened. If they don't fall many as 500 times during the night. asleep, lights corne back on in 20 min­ "When morning comes, there's a utes. The same procedure is repeated subjective feeling of having slept," says at noon, at 2, and at 4 p.m. Greenblatt, "but the patient is tired. A normal person probably wouldn't It's as if someone shook you 500 times be able to fall asleep within the 20­ during the night saying 'wake up!' You minute period all four times. But even might not exactly remember it happen­ after sleeping 9 or 10 hours the night ing, but you'd be exhausted all the When we say before, a narcoleptic is typically sound same." asleep within five minutes every time, All these arousals also disrupt the that Uncle Charlie died in and drifts into REM sleep - the stage normal architecture of sleep and keep his sleep - and we know where we have dreams - almost imme­ the patient from slipping into the more diately. Those with sleep apnea have a r freshing, deeper stages. Apnea has that Uncle Charlie was hard time staying awake between the other debilitating effects, too: "We nap periods. know that the body responds to a lack obese, snored, and fell Happily, both narcolepsy and sleep of oxygen by lowering the heart rate asleep a lot during the day apnea are treatable. Narcoleptics are and raising the blood pressure. So peo­ medicated with tirnulants and anti­ ple with apnea are more likely to devel­ - then it's a good guess depressants. Those with obstructive op high blood pressure and heart dis­ apnea have several treatment options ease, and are at greater risk of dying in that Uncle Charlie died of open to them, ranging from undergo­ their sleep. More people die between 4 sleep apnea. ing surgery to wearing a device to keep and 6 a.m. than during any other time clear the airways to their lungs while period. We also know that apnea is they are asleep. most severe at that same time. When Greenblatt, who was trained as a we say that Uncle Charlie died in his specialist in lung diseases and who still sleep - and we know that Uncle con ults as a pulmonary specialist, ad­ Charlie was obese, snored, and fell mits thaL his sleep-disorders patients asleep a lot during the day- then it's a are a special pleasure. "Sleep disorders good guess that Uncle Charlie died of are more treatable than many other sleep apnea." medical problems. Patients get better Another class of patients whose - often lots better. They sometimes days are spent in a daze of drowsiness throw their arms around me and tell are narcoleptics. They can sleep 9 or me they've never fell so good in their 10 hours a night and still nod off un­ lives. " predictably during the day. They must

Jan Fitzpatrick claims to sleep the sleep oj the innocent.

7 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

~ote~ umnus

"remained with me for two decades A Boston parishioner, Daniel S. that pinnacle partly on the distinction until a day in August when I tersely Ford, offered him a staff job on The of its authors (among them were Louisa summed up, on a scrap of paper, Youth's Companion, an influential na­ May Alcott and Harriet Beecher 'liberty and justice for all.'" tional publication of which Ford was Stowe) and partly on the success of its Graduating during the country's both owner and editor. enterprising marketing program, which centennial year of 1876, Bellamy en­ Ford's nephew, James Bailey Upham, tered the Rochester Theological Semi­ became Bellamy's boss. A self-effacing nary and for 11 years practiced as a New England patriot, Upham was Baptist minister, first in Little Falls, head of the magazine's "premium" N.Y., and later in Boston. But a life­ (read marketing) department. The time in the ministry was not to be. most successful family magazine in the Believing that the church was not do­ country, The Companion had achieved ing enough for the working man, his daughter-in-law Rachael Bellamy recalls, Francis found himself in con­ flict with the rigid Baptist theology of the time. He started looking around for something else to do.

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The committee for that first Colum­ bus Day chose Edna Dean Proctor to Ninety-six Years Later compose "an ode rich in feeling," Theron Brown to write a song, and the What kind of allegiance do Amer­ Which may very well be true for "silver-tongued W. e. P. Breckinridge, icans feel today toward Bellamy's many of us. But the pledge has stirred M.e. of Kentucky," to pen an address. pledge? Has it gone the way of man­ up powerful emotions-strong enough Proctor's ode fairly oozed with feeling: datory prayer in the schools-or is it to make a federal case out of it. " ... no cloud on the field of azure, no as strong as the presidential oath of The watershed decision was written in stain on the rosy bars, God bless you office? 1942, according to Tinku Khanwalker, a youths and maidens, as you guard the Somewhere in between, it seems. Rochester attorney who volunteers for Stripes and Stars." Brown's song was Most American school children stilI the New York Civil Liberties Union. "not up to the mark but the best we start their day off by facing the flag, In West Virginia Board ofEducation could obtain." And Colonel Breckin­ placing their hands over their hearts, v. Barnette, the Supreme Court ruled in and reciting the pledge, says Arthur favor of members of the Jehovah's Wit­ ridge's declamation was "so far off it Woodward of the Graduate School of nesses whose children refused to salute was useless to try and edit it." With as Education and Human Development. the flag because their religion forbids much tact as he could muster, Bellamy Peter Ciurca, principal of elementary them to pay homage to symbols. asked Breckinridge to rewrite it. When School 35 in the Rochester City School "The case is made difficult not be­ the second draft proved also a clunker, District, comments, "It sets the day off cause the principles of its decision are Bellamy himself was tapped to write and puts things in proper perspective." obscure, but because the flag involved the official address on "The Meaning He says the Board of Education is our own," wrote Justice Robert H. of Four Centuries." doesn't specifically require its use, but Jackson in a split decision. " ... To be­ Despite these literary setbacks, all speculates that parents and society in lieve that patriotism wiII not flourish if was not lost. general expect it: "Maybe it has become patriotic ceremonies are voluntary and too automatic, but I think it's proper." spontaneous ... is to make an unflat­ "The nub of the program," said Up­ This lack of spontaneity disturbs tering estimate of the appeal of our in­ ham, looking over Bellamy's shoulder, Christopher Lasch, chair of the Univer­ stitutions to free minds." "is the salute to the flag." sity's Department of History and author So that's the bottom line, after all­ "The nub," wrote Bellamy in the of the best-selling The Culture ofNar­ that thorny notion of freedom. The Rochester Alumni Review of February­ cissism. crux is, today we pledge allegiance to March 1927, "was the rub." The salute Recalling his own impressions as a the flag of a republic that gives us the then in use, written by one Colonel schoolboy, he dismisses the pledge as freedom not to pledge our allegiance­ George T. Balch ("We give our Heads! "basically harmless, but also basically to anything or anybody. and our Hearts! to Our Country! One meaningless - just kind of bland and Which, when you think about it, is a Country! One Language! One Flag! "), formulaic. pretty good reason to muster a bit of "This sort of ritual patriotism always allegiance in the first place. struck Bellamy and Upham as "too leaves me a bit cold. I suspect that it juvenile, lacking in dignity and com­ doesn't make any impact." Denise Bolger Kovnat prehensiveness for the occasion." What both wanted was "a more im­ pressive form of words." For weeks Upham and Bellamy tossed back and forth their concepts He began with the premise that "a Next came the unity of that republic for a new pledge. "We agreed," Bella­ vow of loyalty" was better than some over which the Civil War had been my wrote in 1927, "that it should em­ hazy "Salute to the Flag." But "alle­ fought. "One nation, indivisible," Bel­ body a lofty sentiment, a sense of his­ giance" was a better word than "loy­ lamy wrote, drawing on Webster and tory and fundamental Americanism." alty," and "pledge" was better than Lincoln. His temptation was to climax For continuity and flow of words, it "swear" or "vow." "My flag," the first with the slogan of the French Revolu­ needed a single author. person singular, individualized the tion - "liberty, equality, fraternity"­ "You write it," Bellamy said to his pledge better than "the flag." And so which had meant so much to Jeffer­ boss, "you have the time." the first phrase - "I pledge allegiance son. A realist about the equality and "You write it," Upham responded, to my flag" - took form. the fraternity ("too many thousands of "you have the knack with words." "Then for the further reach of what years off in realization"), he settled for "All right, I'll try." the flag stood for. Should it be 'coun­ "liberty and justice for all." After they had supped together that try,' 'nation,' or 'republic'? 'Republic' "That's all any nation can handle," August night and with Upham nearby won because it distinguished the form Bellamy decided. for consultation and moral support, of government chosen by the fathers Finished, he called for Upham, who Bellamy shut himself in his office. and established by the Revolution. The suggested but did not press for "the true reason for allegiance to the flag flag" instead of "my flag." The pair was 'the republic for which it stands.'" stood in the gathering darkness with a "sea breeze off Massachusetts Bay cooling the city," practicing the pledge

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Along with the official ode, song, No one gave in. Chicago shot off her the publication of The Companion and pledge, The Companion printed ceremonial guns and Washington re­ under the assumed name of the Perry Bellamy's speech in the prescribed ceived "the unenlightened royalties of Mason Company. The name of its "programme" for the day to be ob­ Europe" on the hallowed October 12, owner-editor, Daniel Ford, never ap­ served by the country's 13 million while the National Columbian Public peared in it during his 50 years of as­ schoolchildren. School Celebration (Bellamy's project) sociation with the magazine until the Two months later, as Columbus Day introduced the Pledge of Allegiance on notice of his death in 1899. dawned, Bellamy was in Malden, the "accurate" October 21. In spite of this carefully fostered Mass., Upham's home town, where anonymity, the pledge was soon infor­ one of the major celebrations was to mally known as the "Bellamy salute" take place. Bellamy himself was to and beginning around 1894 received read the address for the Malden observ­ wide distribution through the activities ance. As the day began, he heard 4,000 of the Women's Relief Corps, the auxil­ high-school students roar his pledge, iary of the Grand Army of the Repub­ and as it drew to a close, he saw 1,500 Bellamy lic. A pamphlet from the American adults listen politely to his carefully Flag Manufacturing Company, on the prepared speech. lived to see his solemn "Ritual of Teaching Patriotism," rec­ Like other speechmakers before and ommended the use of the "Bellamy after him, Francis Bellamy lived to see Columbus Day address salute." An 1895 songbook frankly his address, and the much more forget­ fade quickly into obscurity. credited Bellamy by noting that he had table ode and the song, fade quickly changed the wording of the earlier into obscurity. But his pledge took off But his pledge took off to Balch salute. Contemporaries heard to become "a universal doxology"­ Upham introduce Bellamy as "the au­ and for the next 50 years the subject of become "a universal dox­ thor of the pledge." confusion and controversy. ology" - and for the next "While Francis Bellamy wrote that A more immediate subject of con­ salute," Upham chastised Lue Stuart troversy surrounding that first Colum­ 50 years the subject of Wadsworth of the Women's Relief bus Day, one that even the ubiquitous confusion and controversy. Corps in 1893, "it never should have Francis Bellamy could not solve, lay in been published under his name as he the date assigned to the celebration. was in our employ.... " Officially it Columbus had first sighted land on continued to be called the Youth's October 12, 1492 - by the old Julian Companion Flag Pledge and, until calendar that assumed a year was The Companion's demise in 1929, suc­ 365 Y4 days long. Actually, this is 11 ceeding editors maintained it was their minutes and 14 seconds too long, The other controversy - that of au­ possession and must be used sans by­ creating an error of three days every thorship - began slowly and gathered line. 400 years. To correct the error of cen­ momentum as the pledge gained fame. James Upham died in 1905, never turies, 10 days were dropped from the Why was Bellamy, demonstrably having claimed by recorded word or calendar in 1582 in every Western the archetypical public-relations man, deed to be the author of the pledge. country but Russia and Great Britain. unable to establish his claim to the Nor did his obituary mention the In 1751 Britain too adopted the Grego­ celebrated 23 words? The answer lies pledge (although he was erroneously rian calendar - and George Washing­ primarily in the philosophy of The credited with establishing Columbus ton's birthday was subsequently Youth's Companion and the self­ Day). Posthumously, members of changed from February 11 to 22. effacing character of its owner-editor. Upham's family sought recognition Following the same logic, one camp The Companion of September 8, for him as its originator. Certain co­ of 1892 celebrants wanted to compute 1892 (containing the program for workers agreed they had always "un­ the four centuries from dawn to dawn October 21) listed "A Declamation of derstood" that Upham, who remained with "scholarly accuracy," which the Special Address prepared for the after Bellamy left the magazine in would have Columbus Day falling on occasion by THE YOUTH'S COM­ 1895, had written the "first draft," to October 21. The other camp chose to PANION" and the "Salute to the which various staff members then con­ remain faithful to the date of Colum­ Flag" with no attribution whatsoever. tributed. Indeed, The Companion bus's landfall as recorded in his log: "The fine ideals of the publication published a brochure to this effect, October 12. The result, according to were to be its only identification," stating flatly that Bellamy was not the contemporary accounts, was a "two­ Francis Bellamy wrote later. "Any dis­ author. headed celebration" and angry recrim­ tinguishable thing done by any mem­ inations about "ridiculous discrepan­ ber of the staff was understood to be cies," "disregard of established tradi­ as submerged as the name and person­ tion," and the "tremendous absurdity ality of the modest man at the head of two celebrations of Discovery Day." of it all." This ironclad policy never to credit specific individuals on its staff led to

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a U.S. postage stamp to honor his fa­ The additions did not please Francis ther in 1942, the 50th anniversary of Bellamy. "The phrasing had been bal­ the pledge. (Shortly afterward, David anced," Rachael Bellamy says. "He Bellamy presented his father's papers thought the changes spoiled the to the University library, an extensive rhythm." (In 1929 he and other oppo­ collection from which much of this nents did manage to beat back another article is derived.) David's widow con­ proposed addition: an oath to observe tinued to campaign for the stamp in Prohibition laws and abstain from al­ 1967, but the 75th anniversary passed cohol, advocated by Congresswoman unobserved, too. "Probably they still Ruth Bryan Owen.) didn't want to touch a hot potato," Then in 1954, an act of Congress says Rachael Bellamy, now a nonage­ added the phrase "under God," which narian. Supporters, including Matilda further spoiled the rhythm and raised Cuomo, wife of the New York gover­ questions of church-and-state issues. nor, now look forward to the upcom­ But as Congressman Keating noted, ing centennial of the pledge in 1992 for "How can you vote against God?" that long-sought stamp. * And so the official Pledge of Alle­ The University never had any giance now reads: doubts. A bronze, 30-inch plaque honoring Bellamy was placed in busy Todd Union in 1937. With the building of Wilson Commons, the function of the old union changed, and the plaque disappeared behind a theater curtain. In 1986 students fished it out of Todd's "I pledge dim recesses. Two rededication ceremo­ nies complete with schoolchildren were allegiance to the flag of the held that spring as the plaque was un­ veiled anew next to the flagpole by the United States of America Eastman Quadrangle steps. Youngsters who attended, like the youngsters of and to the republic for 1892, saw Bellamy's pledge as "a spe­ which it stands, one nation, cial thing to say to the flag," "a prom­ ise of peace," and "something that under God, indivisible, with makes us aware we're free and living in liberty and justice for all. " Cloth badge for the first national Columbus " one big country." Just saying the Day: Note the date of October 21, the subject of pledge feels good as a wake-up each yet another controversy. morning, one boy opined, "like a yawn - only better." Bellamy's spare words have been A second study, by the Library of changed four times, beginning in 1892, Perhaps "equality" and "fraternity" Congress, reconfirmed the Bellamy when Bellamy himself, for the sake of will make it someday too. claim and in 1957 was proudly read cadence, restored the "to" before "the into the Congressional Record by Republic" (he had earlier deleted it for Bellamy's fellow Rochester alumnus, the sake of brevity). Elizabeth Brayer writes frequently for Congressman (later Senator) Kenneth In 1923, the first National Flag Rochester Review on matters of University B. Keating '19. Conference voted to change "my Flag" history. The controversy was settled, but to a redundant "the flag of the United popular recognition lagged. States" (for immigrant children who David Bellamy (1888-1960), son of might be thinking of their homelands Francis and an executive of the Wil­ and not realize the connotation of mot Castle Company in Rochester, "the Republic for which it stands"). lobbied mightily but unsuccessfully for The following year "of America" was added.

"To cast your vote in favor of a U.S. postage stamp honoring Bellamy-to be issued in 1992 on the lOOth anniversary of the pledge-write: Citizens Stamp Advisory Committee, U.S. Postal Service, 475 L'Enfant Plaza SW., Washington, D.C. 20260-6300.

15 Roche tcr Review/Spring 1988 office he first began leasing in Novem­ mathematically oriented composition "It used to be that we were going to ber. Under pressure from impending with the "Downtown" school of 'expand the audience,'" he says. "That commission deadlines, he needed to minimalism. "One would think that meant getting a 'crossover' crowd. We ensconce himself away from the intru­ never the twain shall meet," says were going to break the barriers be­ sions of the outside world. The office's Rouse, currently on leave as composer­ tween high art and low art." Torke phone number is a carefully guarded in-residence with the Baltimore Sym­ speaks expressively, and his penchant secret. phony. "But he has managed to do it." for reading philosophy in his spare Michael Torke took up piano "by a Part of Torke's ability to synthesize time is mirrored in his frequent reflec­ fluke," he says. He was 5 years old and comes from his Eastman training, tiveness. "But by now, I don't know," given to whacking a toy drum in time where composition students are ex­ he continues. "Instead of there being to marching-band music. A family posed to a diverse faculty and encour­ one big brick wall, there seems to be a friend heard his performance one day aged to develop their own individual maze of smaller walls. From my per­ and thought the budding musician styles. Torke's personal experiences at ception, there isn't really any crossover might benefit from piano lessons. She Eastman further encouraged his eclec­ happening anywhere. There are just a offered to find him a piano teacher. tic style: He befriended a group of lot of little categories." The teacher of choice was serendip­ composers and pianists who enjoyed Torke finds pleasure and challenge, itous - an unconventional instructor not only classical music but jazz and then, not in "crossing over" but simply who favored creative exercises that rock as well. These were composers in exploring the various categories that whetted Torke's compositional in­ who were interested in becoming a vi­ are out there, regardless of how tradi­ stincts. "She would write something tal part of their culture. "We didn't tionally distinct they have been. Here where measures two and four would be think about composing as some sort is a composer who talks about writing blank," he says. Then I was supposed of hopeless, impractical, nonsensical a "very establishment sort of piano to fill them in. Pretty soon I was writ­ act," says Torke. As it turns out, Torke concerto" while in practically the same ing whole pieces." He started formal was the only one of his friends who breath he toys with the idea of starting composition lessons by the age of 9. had not previously played jazz or rock. a rock band. He is further contemplat­ Torke began seriously listening to He was also the only one who began ing forays into both musical theater classical music in junior high and to allow those popular-music forms to and film. worked so extensively on his piano and color his music. composition skills through the end of "Somewhere along the line," says high school that he had little doubt of Rouse, "he decided what effects the his ability to get into whichever music ramifications of popular music could school he desired. have on serious composers." It was He opted for Eastman, and arrived Rouse (who himself has taught classes in Rochester in the fall of 1980 with a on the history of rock 'n' roll) who promising compositional voice that his worked with Torke on the younger new teachers noted with respect. composer's first full-fledged attempt to "He was one of the most talented explore those ramifications: a chamber and gifted young composers I'd ensemble piece called "Vanada," com­ worked with at Eastman in many pleted in 1984. years," says Joseph Schwantner, a Pulitzer Prize-winning composer and hile Torke is not the Eastman professor who had Torke only composer who in his freshman composition class. incorporates elements Schwantner took a couple of years of popular music in­ off for a stint with the St. Louis Sym­ to his concert music, phony after Torke's first year, but the he is among a group of rising younger two have remained in touch. The older composers who do it with particular composer has been impressed with the conviction, says Schwantner. Unlike other's progress. any previous generation of composers, "What I find most appealing is Torke and his peers have grown up in a his non-ideological approach," says time when pop music's impact on soci­ Schwantner. "There is a freshness and ety at large has been complete, inesti­ vitality and energy to his music that is mable, and, in Torke's mind, impossi­ most engaging." Schwantner believes ble to ignore. But even as he receives that Torke has been particularly suc­ more and more recognition for the Collaborators: Michael lorke (left) about to cessful in "synthesizing diverse materi­ stylistic marriages he performs ("Pop take a bow with the New York City Ballel's als into a convincing whole." Music Inspires a Young Classicist," Peter Martins, who is among those who have Christopher Rouse, another of proclaimed the headline of a New been commissioning his work. Torke's Eastman professors, speaks York Times article on Torke and Peter highly of Torke's wedding of the so­ Martins last June), Torke himself has called "Uptown" style of complex, grown less and less convinced of the magnitude of the accomplishment.

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In Torke's case, the color associa­ the NYCB American Music Festival, Meanwhile, let's not forget Peter tions are more than metaphorical. "I the full score of which was to be ready Martins. Although immersed in his don't think to see it," he says. There is, by February 1. Then, on February 2, American Music Festival plans for the in fact, a little known, rarely studied work was to begin on a commission last few months, he has in general been neurological condition called synesthe­ for a concerto for a five-piece brass all but breathing down Torke's neck sia that prompts in the few people who ensemble - the Empire Brass - playing for something else to choreograph. have it this exact sort of sensory over­ with an orchestra. That piece is due by "It's hard to be patient and wait for lap. (The poet Baudelaire is thought to June 3. Michael's next piece," he says, "since have had it; he once wrote: "Perfumes, As the commissions increase in he has other things to do and can't colors, and sounds echo one another.") number, where does the added inspira­ write as fast as one would wish him to Torke doesn't deny that synesthesia tion come from? "It would be a lot write." might be at play within his own mind, simpler if it came from real life, " says but is quick to broaden the scope of Torke with a laugh. "If I felt really sad II in all, Michael Torke is his use of colors. He understands on Monday and 1 could go to the piano as close to being a "hot that other people may not see the and write sad music and feel satisfied, property" as any con­ color as he does, and hopes that his that would be great, it really would. temporary classical com­ color pieces (the last one was "Pur­ But that's something 1 just can't do. poser might possibly be. pie," a movement within the expanded "1 think what gets me going are very TheAearnest young man from Milwau­ "Ecstatic Orange" ballet) in any case abstract musical concepts. How to kee, however, is not entirely satisfied. give listeners hints about form and the break up and combine this rhythm He aims high. "As for having impact overall interrelation between the works. with that, and come up with the re­ on culture in general," he says with a So he's getting commissions. He's sults in a third melody. And it's almost hint of a sigh, "it seems that my par­ a full-time composer. A question by default that there's some sort of ticular field is very low on the list. I emerges: Just who is out there com­ emotional content." think about my peers who are in other missioning concert music, anyway? He laughs at the irony, well aware fields, as writers or painters or actors, According to Torke, more people than of the emotional impact his music pro­ and then it seems like writing music is you might think. "To begin with, the duces. Yet despite this somewhat me­ so much more of a provincial activity." major orchestras get a lot of pressure chanical-sounding approach, Torke Torke is not concerned with fortune from various groups to do new music," shies from certain labels that other and glamour here. Never mind his gen­ he says. Sometimes, funding is at stake people might toss in his direction, such eration's dollar-oriented image - this - new music on the program can mean as the word mathematical, used to is no material boy. "I'd be really dis­ extra dollars from a variety of sources. identify music created through com­ appointed if the reward of what I did Other times, commemorative events plex theoretical manipulations. was a mountain of money and nothing prompt commissions. "Orchestras are "When people hear 'mathematical,' else," he says. Money is not that at­ always reaching their 75th or lOOth they immediately think of the most tractive to me. 1 have other goals in birthday, and they want to do some­ unmusical sorts of associations," he mind. 1 want the music to touch peo­ thing big." says. "To write musical music is my ple now, 10 years from now, and after "Believe it or not, there really is a main concern." To compose something I'm dead." function for writing new music," he that people couldn't hum, he says, Lofty goals to be sure, but some­ continues. "We've been trained to think would be like a painter painting a pic­ one's got to have them. Besides, aspir­ that audiences hate anything that's ture that people couldn't see. ing to produce great art only sounds new. But actually, at least here in New As Torke's name increases in stature, like a ponderous undertaking. York, the chance to go and see some­ he is now poised for a significant new To Michael Torke, nothing could be thing that's new is the most exciting phase of his career: recording. "The more natural or enjoyable than sitting thing. It gets to be about the only rea­ Yellow Pages" has already been record­ down, wherever he is (he can compose son why one would want to go out at ed for New Albion Records by a Cali­ without an instrument), and, in his night. " fornia ensemble called The Ear Unit words, "trying to invent new ways to and is awaiting release. And the Em­ put notes together." It's a joy he can ow often Torke actually pire Brass commission is likely to end only attempt to convey to anybody lets himself go out is up on an album side before long, else. another thing. His thanks to that ensemble's ongoing re­ "To me, it's like going off into an­ aforementioned work lationship with a major classical label. other world and playing in this won­ schedule is in operation Torke looks forward with enthusiasm derful sandbox or something. And no Hseven days a week. "Every day is the to seeing his work pressed onto vinyl. one is going to say, 'Oh, you can't sit same," he says, sounding simulta­ "That's the most important thing in on that side of the sandbox,' or 'You neously excited- he loves what he's the world!" he says. "It's the only way can't play with that shovel.' It's one doing - and a bit weary; those 90-hour that music can be brought to larger area where I'm totally free." work weeks will take it out of anyone. numbers of people." But the pressure is not going to abate in the near future. As 1988 began, he New York-based writer Jeremy Schlosberg was working intently on his ballet for last wrote for Rochester Review about Michael Walsh 'lIE, Time magazine's classical-music critic.

19 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

How Many Ways to Tell About

How many seasons are there? Most of us would probably say four, but the !Kung people ofsouthern Africa with equal logic count five. These cultural differences remind us that marking time is a human invention.

By Thomas Fitzpatrick what it is. provided that nobody asks The 1988 Rochester me; but if I am asked what it is and try Conference: A ushing his eyeglasses onto to explain, I am baffled." Well, all his forehead, the speaker right, then, we collectively sigh, re­ wonderfully mixed walks away from his pre­ lieved and proud to share befuddle­ pared text and leans his ment with the Bishop of Hippo. Toul­ bag of anthropologists, left elbow on the podium min dives back into his text, and we Pof the Strong Auditorium stage. crawl through these deep waters with philosophers, compo­ "This is pretty elusive stuff, isn't it?" him. says Stephen Toulmin. The audience "On Time: the 1988 Rochester Con­ sers, novelists, and of nearly a thousand nods as one. We ference" is in its second day, 24th hour, scientists comes to the had just heard the Avalon Professor 14th minute, and (if the wristwatch of of History at Northwestern spar with my neighbor to the left is being digi­ University to consider Liebnitz and grapple with Newton, tally responsible) 34th second. spin out a comparison of absolute Such a preoccupation with the pass­ concepts of time from time and absolute temperature using ing of time is entirely apt for a confer­ reverse logarithmic scales, and invoke ence participant, as we are reminded their individual Jim McMahon of the Chicago Bears every time we step out onto the East­ stretching out the two-minute clock as man quad. Draped from the facade of perspectives. he quarterbacks a come-from-behind Rush Rhees Library is a huge banner victory over the 'Skins. advertising the conference logo: the But not to worry, Toulmin reassures. White Rabbit from Alice in Wonder­ We are certainly not the first to be land caught in mid-stride. Whether it vexed with the concept of time, and he be head-lopping or croquet, for him tosses off a quotation from the fourth there is always a Red Queen just over century A.D. to buck up the confused the next hill, stage-managing some moderns before him. "What, then, is event that he would be unwise to pass time?" worried St. Augustine in his up. Confessions. "I know well enough

21 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 being Westernized, and calendars, others funneled down into the Meridi­ clocks, and watches are more com­ an tunnel underneath the Quad, where mon. But their first reaction to West­ geology students had painted a time ern wristwatches was quirkily Swiftian. scale on the walls, while the hardy As Shostak reminded us, the Lillipu­ popped over to Hubbell for a Woody tians first thought that Gulliver's Allen double feature, Zelig and Sleeper. timepiece "was the God that he wor­ The rest opted for a Pepysian activity: shipped" since he said "he never did And so to bed. anything without consulting it." The If you had managed a rabbity hustle !Kung tribesmen believed that the first and had avoided giving distractions white men's watches they saw had the time of day, the first 36 hours of similar totemic significance, so they the conference had seen you through politely responded by drawing watches four movies, two slide shows, four lec­ on their own wrists. tures, two seminars, and one inaugura­ She thinks that her book Nisa: The tion. The pattern and the pace would Life and Words ofa !Kung Woman is continue for the remaining six days. something more than anthropology; As you paused each afternoon to listen like Swift's great work, it in effect to David Caldwell's carillon recital as "holds up a mirror to our own world." it rang out over the campus punctually Timeless treasure: Violinist Donald Wellerstein Judging from the delighted response at 5:45, you could congratulate your­ of the Cleveland auartet shows off his Strad of her audience, no matter how many self at having done a yeoman's job of during one of the sessions on time and music. copies of Nisa are available in the participating in the University's almost bookstores and libraries of Rochester, literal version of "All Things Consid­ Just yesterday, it seems, his On Na­ they will be snug in book bags by ered." Self-education is a job of work tive Grounds and Starting Out in the nightfall. after all, but a dollop of ce1ebrity­ Thirties excited a whole generation of gazing helps the medicine go down. cultural historians. Now Alfred Kazin he Brooklyn in Shostak's And the conference had its share of is 73 and a Grand Old Man of Ameri­ voice didn't hinder her star-quality performers whose appear­ can Letters. But when he takes up for from demonstrating the ances satisfied that yen of ours to do us the 19th-century American writers verbal clicks that punctu­ an end run around their books, works he has always called his "contempo­ ate this African language; of art, and intellectual theories to get a raries" and praises them for refusing in fact, she had so many in the audi­ good gander at the cut of their jibs: to flop along with their times and suc­ ence clicking away in imitation that it Le Guin's reading makes one wonder cumb to boastful optimism, you real­ sounded like a Village Vanguard crowd anew what manner of people these sci­ ize that there is still fire in the belly, at one of Miriam Makeba's perform­ fi writers are, since they put a reverse that Kazin can still shout "No! In ances in the '50s. spin on every expectation. First, none thunder. " From a tribe with one foot in the of them even wants to be called a "sci­ Another Grand Old Man, John past to visions of an interplanetary ence-fiction" writer - Ray Bradbury Cage, the enfant terrible of 20th­ future was the transition demanded of resists the tag; at last year's conference century music, is now four score and us next by the schedule, and novelist Harlan Ellison threatened to punch 15, and the anarchic modernism he es­ Ursula Le Guin was our guide to spec­ the lights out on a newspaper reporter poused to shake up the musical estab­ ulative worlds Monday evening. She who labeled him that way; and Le Guin lishment is even older. Rabbi Herbert thanked the University for giving her prefers "anthropological fiction." Bronstein reminded us two nights be­ the 1986 Janet Heidinger Kafka Prize, There is nothing razor-cut, glossily fore Cage's scheduled appearance that put her fiction into the context of the surfaced, or sharply futuristic about we may be the first human beings con­ conference theme by claiming an inter­ Le Guin's person; she is slight, grey­ scious of living in a specific age. We est in writing about protagonists "who mopped, comfortably tweeded and may not know what to call it-we fall can live in both clock time and Dream­ corduroyed, and so quietly competent back on such terms as the "post­ Time - that is, the time of the imagi­ intellectually that you might pick her modern" era- but we do know that nation," and proceeded to read from out as the chair of a college's philoso­ our age is different from that of Cage's her I972 novel The Dispossessed, phy department. She does not cultivate heroes, Marcel Duchamp and Erik which is about one of these characters, as fusty an image as does Bradbury, Satie. They seem dusty figures, their re­ a "temporal physicist." who is famous for eschewing all forms bellions antique. Noticing that every second member of modern transportation, preferring Does the same go for John Cage? of the audience seemed to be clutching to get around the Los Angeles area by Not yet, anyway. Rather than package one of her books, she wisely indicated self-locomotion when possible. But and deliver a lecture on the I Ching­ that she would be willing to autograph then, Le Guin revealed to her confer­ "chance" in music, and the other buzz them at a reception well after every­ ence audience that she made her way terms that have stuck to him over the one had cleared out of Strong. Her re­ from Oregon to Rochester by train! An years - Cage staged a happening. He marks concluded, some fans hovered enduring mystery. about her personal space anyway,

23 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 le Guin's reading made one wonder anew what manner of people these sci-fi writers are, since they put a reverse spin on every expectation.

showed such a King Charles's Head But, of course, that's not so. To con­ once and for all with Mr. Peabody, his kind of obsessiveness that Provost tinue Dean Kampmeier's idea: Students boy Sherman, and the "Way-back ma­ Brian Thompson had to blow the don't need a break from thinking, but chine," could hold back their comic whistle on that session so people could they can use some relief from conven­ spirit for the big dance on Saturday get some lunch. They would show up tional modes of doing so - and along night. In the space of six hours, you as much as half an hour early for ses­ with them, from the major plotting could attempt a lindy hop with the sions to manuever the choice seats, and career planning that dance in at­ Nate Rawls Big Band, skip to the '50s many wearing the "On Time" sweat­ tendance. The conference allows them and try to limbo under a stick during shirts, for which they were the best to sail through the groves of art and "At the Hop," and then join the head­ customers (with purple their favorite academe, to sample the produce with­ bangers and slam dancers for the mu­ color). out feeling obliged to buy the farm. sic of the '80s. They even displayed a little under­ They can learn the rudiments of chore­ The Rochester Conference can best graduate rambunctiousness, good­ ography from Judith Hook or hear be appreciated as a humongous wheel, naturedly groaning at the umpteenth from the Cleveland Quartet why musi­ with intellectual and artistic ideas ar­ jokey pun on the title of the confer­ cians value a Stradivarius-and do so ranged along the rim. The students are ence which hardly a session moderator without feeling the looming pressure at the hub, free to run up and down found possible to resist (e.g., "This of tests and term papers. the irradiating spokes, collect what year especially we have an obligation If students feel a bit isolated by their they will, and return to the center, to to start the seminar 'on time' - heh, academic specialization, the confer­ sit quietly and let what they have heh"). ence trails lines of interconnectedness learned simmer for a while within all over the landscape. Follow the cranial walls. he older women were espe­ references to Charles Darwin, for ex­ The last image of "On Time" is cially taken with anthro­ ample, and find Wilson theorizing that similar to the first. At the Eastman pologist Emily Martin's humans are evolving culturally faster Theatre on Sunday night, clarinetist devastating attack on the than our genes can keep up, psycholo­ Michael Webster finishes performing sexist imagery in medical gist William Kessen skeptically con­ in Olivier Messiaen's "Quartet for the textbooks.T A low muttering from sidering whether the word "develop­ End of Time" but can't stick around women who may, after menopause, ment" has any relevance to the social for the final event of the conference, have heard their ovaries referred to as sciences, and art-historian Michael the Eastman Philharmonia's rendition "senile" and "withered" reached a Ann Holly observing that Darwin's of Gustav Holst's "The Planets." As crescendo of derisive laughter when notions of evolution taught her disci­ Philharmonia Conductor David Effron Martin showed one slide of a textbook pline that each work of art has reso­ taps his baton, Webster is already illustration: a diminutive Billy Barty nance over time "and calls to the next scampering down East Avenue, intent of a sperm squeezed into a corner by a work of art in sequence." on keeping an appointment with his Taj Mahal of an ovum. The title of the Or a student can just have some Red Queen - a concert of chamber illustration? "Portrait of a Sperm." fun. Dress up like a Tom Baker clone music at the Eastman House. His dis­ Many a G.P. in Rochester will hear with floppy fedora and trailing scarf, appearing back has a kind of meta­ about this come next appointment. be a "Whovian" for an evening, and phorical impact on someone who has "This was great today. She was right listen to writer Terrance Dicks try to just experienced the Rochester Confer­ on," said Virginia Costich, retired puzzle through why Dr. Who has had ence: So much to do and learn, so lit­ Kodak medical technician. About the a 25-year run on British and American tle time in which to do it. But Webster whole "back to school" adventure she television. Those who thought that got in under the wire with his horn. was enthusiastic, calling it "great intel­ Jay Ward did for this time-travel genre We can take a shot too. lectual stimulation." She might also have been forgiven for privately think­ ing that education is wasted on the Free-lance writer Tom Fitzpatrick optimis­ young. ticaffy believes that time is on his side. 25 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 WHEN TIME STANDS STILL For the last 160 years photography has been arresting time in ever smaller increments, rendering visible to our eyes the abstract concept of its flow. An exhibition from the "On Time" Rochester Conference offers a dramatic illustration of the ways in which photographers invoke its image.

Photographs from the International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House

blur of motion. An in­ stantaneous stilling of an action. A stroboscopic sequence of images. A juxtaposition of objects Acaught at separate moments of eternity. Since Joseph Niepce created the first photograph in 1827, experimenters with a camera have developed ever more sophisticated ways of capturing time. Concurrent with this year's "On Time" conference, an exhibition cover­ ing that century and a half of temporal exploration was on view in the Hart­ nett Gallery in Wilson Commons. "On Time in Photography" was drawn from the vast collections of the International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House, the world­ famous photographic archive housed in the mansion George Eastman built for his mother and left to the Univer­ sity as a home for its presidents. (The house proved to be more princely than presidential, however, and in 1947 was chartered as an independent museum. Although there is no formal affiliation between the University and IMP/GEH, Rochester faculty and students benefit from the spirit of scholarly coopera­ tion that exists between the two insti­ tutions.) A sampling from the exhibition ap­ pears on the following pages.

Harold Edgerton, "Back Flip," 1954 27 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Eadweard Muybridge, "Animal Locomotion," ca. 1887

Daguerrotype of Sled with Semi-Transparent Horse, 1855

29 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Robert Capa, "Death of a Loyalist Soldier," 1936

J. H. Lartigue, "Grand Prix of the Automobile Club of Paris," 1912

31 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

committee of the National Academy sessions are pretty intense, as at the announcing the gift. "I am extremely of Sciences had recommended the meeting earlier this semester when proud to have taken on this extraor­ project if during 1988 the laboratory's Havens overflowed with students ex­ dinary challenge, and am personally compression experiments could attain pressing their concern over last Febru­ committed to helping in every way to the milestone that has now been ary's incident at the Theta Delta Chi make the Simon School in Australia a reached. house (see page 34). At other times, resounding success." The Laser Fusion Feasibility Project when there is no pressing issue of the Initially, the project calls for the es­ was established at the University in moment, the queries tend to focus on tablishment of two M.B.A. programs 1972 and quickly expanded into a such eternal basics as where am I go­ (one for full-time students, the other unique working arrangement among ing to live, where am I going to park, for business executives studying part the University, private industry, and and how much is it all going to cost time), both of them patterned after state and federal governments. The me. those offered at Rochester. Eventually OMEGA laser, a 24-beam, 12-trillion­ How did O'Brien answer the ques­ the school will add a Ph.D. program watt system, was completed in 1979 tions cited at the beginning of this and non-credit seminars tailored to the and is one of the most powerful lasers story? In essence, the answers went needs of the Australian business com­ in the world. this way: munity. Tuition and the crash? No effect It is expected that the new school Meet the Prez on tuition. The stockmarket skid will will open in the fall of 1991. mean the loss of only $300,000 out of a budget of $475 million for the com­ First Steps Toward an ing fiscal year. Programs for teaching assistants? AIDS Vaccine Ah, but the University does have them. Investigators in the Infectious Dis­ They're run by individual departments. eases Unit of the Medical Center are Future parking? New lots will com­ engaged in a six-month trial in healthy pensate for lost parking spots when the human subjects of an experimental projected riverfront program closes a AIDS vaccine. The vaccine and the section of Wilson Boulevard to create trial have been approved by the Food a park-like approach to the river. and Drug Administration. Coed suites? They're worth a year's Coordinated by the National Insti­ trial to see if any problems develop. tute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Then we can decide if it's a good idea in Bethesda, Md., researchers at Roch­ to retain them. ester and five other sites (University of Maryland, Johns Hopkins University, Marshall University, Vanderbilt Uni­ What effect will last fall's stock mar­ Branching Out Down Under versity, and Baylor College of Medi­ ket crash have on next year's tuition? The Simon School, which already cine) are conducting what is known as Shouldn't the University have a pro­ runs programs in the Netherlands and a Phase I trial to assess the vaccine's gram to help teaching assistants learn Japan, is branching out again. This safety and ability to produce an im­ how to be instructors? time the international connection is mune response, and to determine the When the riverfront development planned for Australia, in the form of proper dosage and its timing. project materializes, what will happen the first private American graduate The vaccine, known as gp 160, is a to all those parking spaces lost from school of business to be established in purified protein derived from genetic Wilson Boulevard? that country. material from the human immuno­ And what do you think about the The project has received a major deficiency virus (HIV). It was devel­ plan for coed suites in "Phase"? boost with the gift of 50 acres of land oped and is manufactured by Micro­ It's after lunch on Wednesday and for a campus to be built just outside GeneSys, Inc., of West Haven, Conn., ergo it's another one of the weekly of Sydney. and has been undergoing human trials University Day half-holidays from Lady Warwick Fairfax, who made at the National Institutes of Health classes and labs. President O'Brien is the gift in memory of her husband, since August 1987. meeting with all comers at an open a leading member of a prominent "The vaccine should not be con­ Presidential Forum in Havens Lounge Australian media family, has also un­ fused with the AIDS virus itself. It is up in Wilson Commons. Students, dertaken to raise funds for building impossible to get AIDS from the vac­ draped around on the room's carpeted facilities for the school, moving the cine," says Dr. Raphael Dolin, profes­ tiers, are peppering him with the kinds enterprise another long step closer to sor of medicine (infectious diseases) of questions you always wished you reality. at Rochester and chief of the Medical could ask your own college president. "Sir Warwick's dream - now mine­ Center's Infectious Diseases Unit. Three times a semester, you can find has been to establish an internationally "This is an important first step in test­ O'Brien at one of the informal Q and renowned business school in the heart ing a vaccine for AIDS, though a fully A sessions that he started last year to of the Sydney community," she said in proven vaccine ready for general use encourage direct dialogue with his on­ will involve many more trials and is campus constituents. Sometimes the probably years away.

33 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Science News village of Coleman's Hatch in Sussex, England. NEWSCLIPS Einstein's general theory of relativity "The situation at Stone Cottage is predicts phenomena called "gravity unmatched in literary history: two of waves" - forces that are to gravity the greatest poets of the 20th century­ what radio waves are to electricity. and two poets so different in tempera­ Readers ofnational publications, as The theory connects gravity with the ment -living in excruciatingly close well as ofscientific and professional curvature of space-time. Gravity waves quarters for months at a time. The journals, regularly come across refer­ are often regarded as undulations of idea was that Pound would serve as ences to the scholarly activities- and the fabric of space-time itself. Yeats's secretary, and that both poets, professional judgments- ofpeople Physicist Adrian C. Melissinos sug­ freed from the obligations of literary at the University. Following is a cross gests scientists could detect these elu­ life in Landon, would have the time section ofsome of those you might sive emanations with the use of the and solitude to pursue their projects have seen within recent months: proposed (and controversial) Super­ without interruption." conducting Super Collider (SSC). Chicago Tribune As reported in Science News, "The There is clock time, ritual time, SSC will accelerate two beams of U.S. News and World Report dream time, narrative time, psycho­ protons to energies up to 20 trillion Well-scrubbed and smiling, clasping logical time, and once upon a time, to electron-volts (20 TeV) each and bang pencil and notebook, lO-year-old Dante name a few - so reports the Chicago them against each other. When pro­ Hooker gazes at us from the pages of Tribune in a feature article on this tons get as close to the speed of light US. News and World Report. year's Rochester Conference, "On as 20 TeV represents, they gain a great What's he doing in full color in this Time." deal of mass, and that means they ex­ national news magazine? The article does a comprehensive ert stronger gravitational forces than Dante-as a representative of the and entertaining job of describing the ordinary protons. City of Rochester's 33,000 school chil­ week's numerous events and concludes: "At least one physicist, Adrian C. dren - is the focus of a series 0 f articles "At week's end, university officials Melissinos of the University of Roch­ Us. News will run in the months and complained that there had not been ester, has asked himself with respect to years ahead, tracking the progress of enough time to, well, cover time...." the SSC, 'Could you look for long­ education reform in the Rochester range forces - gravitation?' " schools. To accomplish this, Melissinos pro­ The city's lO-year experiment in­ Cincinnati Enquirer poses a slight alteration in design, sus­ cludes a new contract for Rochester Sudden Infant Death Syndrome pending the SSe's quadrupole magnets teachers, placing them among the (SIDS) is the most common cause of so that they are free to oscillate (usual­ highest paid anywhere, and an ambi­ death among infants two weeks to one ly such magnets are rigidly supported). tious plan that aims to turn out stu­ year old. Science News agrees: "If this kind of dents well equipped to read, write, New evidence suggests that the cosmic surf really is up, the fabric of compute, and join the workforce of hearts of babies who die of SIDS are the SSC could be used to find it." the 21st century. often defective in their electrical stimu­ The program had its genesis with a lation, making them stall when their coalition of community leaders that beat begins to speed up for any reason. The New York Times includes President O'Brien, head of While the discovery does not imme­ "He is mankind and I am the arts. the teachers' union Adam Urbanski diately offer ways to prevent SIDS, it We are outlaws. '69 '75G, city schools superintendent may someday help identify babies who This war is not our war, Peter McWalters, Kodak president Kay are at high risk so they could be treat­ Neither side is on our side ..." Whitmore, and Rochester Urban ed with drugs. League director William Johnson. Dr. Arthur Moss of the School of So wrote poet Ezra Pound during From the outset, the University has Medicine and Dentistry tells the En­ World War I in a poem called" 1915: been a principal player in developing a quirer that the new report is consistent February," a reflection on how poetry plan to upgrade city schools. Current­ with other research, including his own. could not "crack the riddle" of war. ly, the University sponsors a variety of "I suspect part of sudden infant The lines are from one of two un­ efforts de igned to improve education death syndrome is due to immaturity published poems by Pound recently in Rochester, including a "Teachers' of the nervous system," Moss com­ discovered among papers at the Uni­ Institute" at the Graduate School of ments. "There are many causes of versity of Chicago by James langen­ Education and Human Development SIDS, and it would be inappropriate to bach, assistant professor of English that brings together area teachers and group them all under this category. But at Rochester. University faculty to research impor­ they probably all are caused by some In a front-page article in the Times's tant issues. immaturity. " Book Review, Langenbach describes O'Brien tells Us. News, "This city the background for these poems: the deep down believes it can solve its three winters between 1913 and 1916 problems. We're all different, but that Pound spent living with William there's a belief that if we yell at each Butler Yeats at Stone Cottage near the other long enough, somehow we'll get it right." 35 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

"School never was as easy for me as Rochester also crowned two UAA Men's Indoor Track and Field: Tim other people, but basketball really has "Coaches of the Year," two "Athletes of Hale coached the harriers to a second­ helped. It gave me something to work the Year," and, get this, a NATIONAL place finish in the UAA Champion­ for outside school." CHAMPION! ships. In addition to earning a 3-4 Rosseau didn't play basketball his That national champ is running sen­ dual-meet record, the Yellowjackets first two years at Rochester. He intend­ satiqn Josefa Benzoni '88, who capped won the team title at the 26th annual ed to playas a freshman, but was side­ her stellar track-and-field season at UR Relays and placed 42nd at the lined by mononucleosis that deterio­ Rochester by setting a new national NCAA Division III nationals. rated into viral encephalitis. He was in record while winning the women's intensive care for several days. 1,500-meter run at the NCAA Division He did go out for the game as a III nationals. "Dippy," as she is known sophomore, but quit the team 3 V2 to her friends and fans, ate up the track weeks into pre-season practice when he in a time of 4:28:83, beating the previ­ couldn't keep up with his class load. ous national mark by 31h seconds- Rosseau says it was easy to use his a near Herculean achievement at such disability as a crutch. a short distance. Benzoni also earned "There were times when I worked All-American honors and was named real hard with no results. It was easy to the UAA "Performer of the Year" in say, 'It's supposed to be this way. I'm her sport. dyslexic.' " The rest of the story: But he buckled down and worked his cumulative average up to 2.92 last Men's Basketball: Head coach Mike spring semester. He also returned to Neer led his team to an 18-9 record the basketball team, averaging 2.1 and a third-place finish in the UAA points and 2.4 rebounds in a limited with a 5-3 mark. The Yellowjackets role. won both the Chase Lincoln First This year he really made his pres­ Bank Scholarship Tournament and the ence felt when regular center Tyler UR/Holiday Inn Airport Tip-Off Zachem required minor knee surgery Tournament, and placed in the quar­ over Thanksgiving. Rosseau came off terfinals of the ECAC Upstate New the bench and filled in admirably- in York Division III Tournament. Center his first two games scoring a career­ Tyler Zachem '88 earned distinction as high 17 points against RPI and pulling a District I Academic All-American. down a career-best 12 rebounds against Fitchburg (Mass.) State. Women's Basketball: The Yellowjacket Josefa Benzoni, track-and-field star, who set Note: Rosseau's team ended the squad, under head coach Joyce Wong, the only new women's record at the National season 18-9 (5-3 and third place in split the season at 13-13, earned a Championships UAA competition). As reserve center, fourth place in the UAA with a 4-3 Rosseau scored an average of5.7 points record, and placed second in the Women's Indoor Track and Field: The per game, 6.2 rebounds per game, ECAC Upstate New York Division III Yellowjackets placed 11th out of 30 48.2% shooting from the field, 64.1% Tournament. teams at the NCAA Division III na­ shooting from the line, and was sec­ tionals, thanks in part to head coach ond on the team for blocked shots Men's Swimming: With a dual-meet Jacqueline Blackett, who was elected with a total of20. record of 9-2, the Yellowjackets fin­ UAA "Coach of the Year." And, on ished second in the UAA Champion­ the way to a 3-1 dual-meet record, the ships, and won team titles at the Roch­ Jacket harriers took first-place honors Winter Sports Wrapup ester Friday Nite Special and the UR at the UR Invitational and the Roberts The hard-charging Yellowjackets Sprint Invitationals, and placed 17th Wesleyan Invitational. finished their regular-season competi­ out of 69 teams at the Division III tion with a composite record of 60-36, nationals, with seven swimmers earn­ Squash: Head coach Peter Lyman for a fine winning rate of 60 percent. ing All-American honors in a total of helped the Yellowjackets earn a 9-6 All seven teams were represented in 12 events. One of the top individual dual-meet record and a 13th-place post-season play. And at the two-thirds performers for head coach Bill Boomer finish out of a 36-team field at the Na­ mark in the University Athletic Associ­ was Scott Richardson '88, who was tional Intercollegiate Squash Racquets ation's inaugural year, the Jackets took named UAA "Diver of the Year." Association Championships. Roches­ 2 team championships, 2 second places, ter's final 1988 National Nine-Man 1 third, and 1 fourth. Women's Swimming: The Rochester Ranking was 12th. pool sharks topped their season by capturing the team title at the UAA Championships. They compiled a rec­ ord of 5-1 in dual meets under coach Pat Skehan, who was named UAA "Coach of the Year" in her field. 37 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 months ago celebrating a number of mile­ ter chapter of "U.S. Masters Swimming," learned about the atomic bomb is that we stones - 50 years of performing arts at the a program for people 19 and older whose dropped one on Hiroshima and another on 92nd Street YM-YWHA; 20 years of lec­ membership numbers 25,000 to 30,000 na­ Nagasaki. That is the last thing I learned tures by Wiesel at the Y; and 10 years of tionwide. "We're all in it for fun, fitness, or about the project. For most people born outstanding music-making by the New competition, and our philosophy is 'You after 1940, those events marked the begin­ York Chamber Symphony, the Y's resident can enjoy swimming at any age,' .. she says. ning of the nuclear arms race with the So­ orchestra. "For me, swimming is a form of physical, viets. For those of us in the project, they The collaboration between one of Amer­ mental, and inspirational therapy." heralded the end of history's bloodiest war." ica's most honored composers and the Her job as a substitute English teacher While the book chronicles his involve­ noted Holocaust scholar was arranged by allows her ample time for her training regi­ ment of nearly a half a century with nucle­ the Y, which decided that a work of musi­ men of swimming several miles a day for ar arms and nuclear arms control, it is also cal art was the greatest present it could give up to three days a week (seven days a week a memoir of, as he puts it, "the evolution itself on its synchronous anniversaries. before meets). She credits her successes to of my understanding of what was going on Ever-productive, Diamond is following hard work, expert coaching, and the cama­ and my thinking about what ought to be that triumph with a number of other new raderie of her fellow swimmers. done about it." works that, as this was being written, were Making a splash is a family affair in the Currently director of the Institute of about to be given their first performances Murray household. wuise's husband, Global ConRict and Cooperation at UC at Lincoln Center: his Organ Symphony, James D. Murray '61, a partner in a Roch­ San Diego, York takes a practical, non­ to be premiered at Alice Tully Hall; a new ester CPA firm, has been an avid swimmer, partisan view of the arms race. He writes: Flute Sonata, to be performed by Jean­ and their two sons are both award winners. "The maintenance of an adequate balance Pierre Rampal at Avery Fisher Hall; and a "Before the rest of us really got into it, my of power, including its nuclear component, new ballet, based on his Rounds jor String husband used to brag that he was the best combined with classical diplomatic actions Orchestra, to be presented at the New York swimmer in the house," she says with a lit­ designed to control arms and preserve the City Ballet's American Music Festival, tle smile. "Now, I'm afraid he's the worst." peace, has in fact bought us time. If we are which will premiere also Diamond's Cello wise enough, we will use it to find a way Sonata. out of the grand nuclear dilemma." He concludes with a story of the lazy gardener who "told his master, a states­ man, that there was no reason to hurry in planting a certain tree, because it would in any event take a long time to grow tall. The statesman countered that that was all the more reason to get on with the job forth­ with."

Bombs Away If his elder daughter had had her way, Pool Shark that fiery phrase would have been the title In 1955, when the Salk vaccine for polio for a new book by weapons scientist was first administered to children across Herbert F. York '42, '43G. the country, wuise Goodyear Murray '62 Instead, he says, he opted for a subtler was a girl of 15 growing up along the Hud­ double meaning: Making Weapons, Talking son River. Although she loved to swim, in Peace (New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1987). those 15 years she'd rarely been allowed in York has done both, in a remarkable career the water. "Back then, people believed that that's spanned from the Manhattan Project you could get polio from being in crowds to the White House. He served as director Anchorage Away on hot days, so we kept clear of circuses of defense research and engineering under Attorney John Hendrickson '60U has and swimming pools and such," she says. President Eisenhower, as an adviser on never been one to let book learning get in Now at 47, Murray is no Rounder in the arms control to Presidents Kennedy and the way of experiencing life firsthand. swimming world. In fact, she's one of the Johnson, and as President Carter's chief As a teenager, he dropped out of high best in country; at the last Empire State negotiator at the Comprehensive Test Ban school to sail around the world on the two­ Games in 1986, Murray earned gold me­ Talks in Geneva in 1979-80. masted vessel, The Yankee. dals in each of the five events she entered York's wide-ranging experience- begin­ Upon arriving home, he enrolled in night and set three Games records, an achieve­ ning with his work on the supersecret Man­ classes to finish high school and then went ment made all the more remarkable by the hattan Project that developed the atomic on to study part time at University College. fact that she didn't have her first formal bomb during World War II- places him in He supported his studies by working at a swimming lesson until she was 35 years a unique position to assess the history of Red Cross blood bank, packing groceries, old. the arms race. Perhaps for this very reason, inspecting lenses at Bausch & wmb, and "Sometimes, when you can't have some­ he often feels a wide gap separating him working as a lab technician at another thing, you want it more. So after my first from his audience in classes and lectures. local company. lesson, I decided I was going to climb the "The first thing most of my listeners Summers, he acted (with the emphasis ladder up the skill levels, " says Murray. learned about World War II is that we on acting, he adds) as a bouncer in Yellow­ Then six years ago, she joined the Roches- won it. That is, so to speak, the last thing stone Park and climbed mountains in his I learned about it. The first thing they spare time. As for the law degree: While at Roches­ ter, Hendrickson studied with "a very fine

39 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 IT AL ADDS

When does $100 = $200, $300, or even $400? A. When doing voodoo math. B. When figuring income tax calculations. C. When making campaign promises to reduce the deficit. D. When making a gift to your University when your company has a matching-gift program.

.Many companies sponsor matching-gift programs that double, triple, or even quadruple the value of your contribution. Your personal gift of $100 to the University's Annual Fund may actually add up to a grand total of $200, $300, or even $400. Last year (1986-87) you collectively contributed $381,000 in match­ ing gifts. Those funds are being used NOW to buy personal computers for student use in the library, provide up-to-the-minute equipment for science labs, support intramural sports, and realize other vital purposes.

r------Add to the grand total: YES Add my gift in support of the Invest en Rochester's University of Rochester Annual Fund. GOO M NDS! D $200 D $100 D $50 D Other _ Name _ Send in your Annual Fund gift now with Address _ your company's matching-gift form. City/State/Zip _ I am enclosing my company's matching-gift form. REME BER. •• Remember, Rochester's fiscal year ends June 30. matching gifts now count MAIL TO: GIFT OFFICE toward leadership Society Administration Building University of Rochester memberships. Rochester, ew York 14627

41 Rochester Re iew/Spring 1988

Murray Andersen '46 Christopher Taylor '70

=""'"----. Judith Kerman '67

Kent Lerner '73, inducted as fellow, Ameri­ Rick lawn '71E, '76GE, received a $10,000 Hilton Kean Jones '68GE, associate professor can Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. jazz composition grant from the National of music, University of South Florida, and Fred DeVore '76, elected town council mem­ Endowment for the Arts for a jazz dance music director of St. Lawrence Roman ber, Caledonia, NY. piece, "Mirrors: Four Reflections in Jazz Catholic Church, Tampa, invited by the Martha Connolly '85, won Eighth Annual and Dance." Vatican to participate in First International Domenick L. Gabriel"li Moot Court Com­ Beverly Singleton Simms '78GE, joined Congress of Directors of Church Music in petition, Albany Law School, and compet­ piano faculty, Indiana State University, Rome. ed in national moot court competition at where she is teaching piano, piano peda­ Kamran Ince '84GE, won second prize in the College of William and Mary. gogy, and music theory. rederick P. Rose Competition of the Elizabeth McDonald '86, elected to 1988-89 Richard Wyble '8lE, appointed to newly Brooklyn Philharmonic for new orchestral editorial staff, Dickinson Journal of Inler­ created position of director of music and works by American composers. nalional Law, Dickinson School of Law, liturgy, St. Francis of Assisi Church, Carlisle, Pa. Torrington, Conn. Performances/Recordings Walter Preucil '82E, and Stephanie Kanack Anthonv Kooiker '44GE, '63GE, professor Books Published Preucil '83E, named to lead new Suzuki emeritus of music, Hope College, per­ G. Sieglried Kutter '65G, '69G, author, The violin and cello program at the Jewish formed piano recitals at La Foundation des Universe and Life: Origins and Evolulion Community Center of Metropolitan Etats-Unis, Cite Universitaire, Paris, and (Jones and Bartlett Publishers), covering Detroit. presented five recitals in the Netherlands. the evolution of matter from the big bang Christopher Tranchitella '82GE, appointed to Sister Mary David Callahan '52E, published to Homo Sapiens. trumpet position, John F. Kennedy Center In Praise of Ihe God ofAll, Book 1I, a 40­ Jane Jenson '7IG, 75G, co-editor, Behind for the Performing Arts Orchestra, Wash­ piece composition of morning and evening Ihe Lines: Gender and Ihe Two World Wars ington, D.C. hymns, with Benet Press; also available: a (Yale University Press). Tamara Jane Mickel '84E, appointed Suzuki voice edition, an accompaniment edition, Robert Topor '7IG, author, Your Personal violin teacher, The Mohawk Valley (NY) and an accompanying tape, sung by the Guide 10 Markeling a Nonprofit Organiza­ Center for the Arts. Benedictine Sisters and recorded by TRS tion, published by Topor & Associates, a larry Peterson '84GE, named minister of Audio Services, Erie, Pa. San Diego marketing consultant service music, First Lutheran Church, Albert Lea, and publisher of newsletters, books, and Minn.; he plays organ, directs vocal and software. handbell choirs, plans special concerts, and administers the fine arts series. Key EASTMAN SCHOOL OF MUSIC J. William Greene '85GE, named lecturer in organ and harpsichord, Ithaca College; RC - River Campus colleges Career Moves he is also lecturer at Nazareth College and G- Graduate degree, River Campus Robert Spillman '57E, '59GE, named head, organist-choirmaster at Sacred Heart colleges piano faculty, University of Colorado; he Cathedral, both in Rochester. M - M.D. degree continues as co-general director, Aspen Julius Wirth '85E, selected to play with the GM - Graduate degree, Medicine and Music Festival Opera Theater Center. Miami-based New World Symphony. Dentistry Joel Thome '60E, appointed head, music Mark Anderson '87E, appointed organist R- Medical residency dept., Carnegie Mellon University; he is and instructor of music, Centre College, F- Fellowship, Medicine and Dentistry founder and director of World Sound, a and director of music-organ, Presbyterian E- Eastman School of Music quintet that has appeared in concerts at the Church, Danville, Ky. GE - Graduate degree, Eastman Guggenheim Museum in New York City N- School of Nursing and the National Gallery of Art in Wash­ Honors/Elections GN - Graduate degree, ursing ington, D.C. Victoria Crandall '3lE, founder and executive/ FN - Fellowship, School of Nursing Barbara Poularikas 'MGE, selected as con­ artistic director of the Brunswick Music U- University College certmaster, Huntsville (Ala.) Chamber Theater, named to board of directors, GU - Graduate degree, University College Orchestra. National Alliance of Music Theatre Pro­ Wayne Kallstrom '67GE, '7lGE, appointed ducers. to music faculty, University of Nebraska­ Oscar McCullough '52GE, honored at Hollins Omaha, where he is teaching graduate and College, Roanoke, Va., with establishment undergraduate organ. of the McCullough Voice Scholarship.

43 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Programs are designed to provide worry­ Grand European Cruise­ free basics such as transportation, trans­ September 24-0ctober 7 fers, accommodations, some meals, bag­ From Copenhagen to the Canary Islands gage handling, and professional guides, on the Ocean Princess via Hamburg, Rochester and sti{{ a{{ow for personal exploration of Amsterdam, Tillbury, London, Le Havre individual interests. Escorts, drawn from (explore the Normandy beaches), Bor­ the University faculty and staff, provide deaux, Lisbon, and Funchal. Fourteen special services andfeatures that add both nights, all meals. $1,995 from major East personal and educational enrichment. Coast cities. RAVELERS A{{ members ofthe University com­ munityare eligible to participate in these Hawaii, Cruising -October 22-29 tours. Non-associated relatives and friends Fly to Honolulu, cruise and live aboard are welcome as space permits. Those­ 30,000-ton SS Constitution during visits to other than spouses, dependent children, or Maui, Hawaii, Kauai, and Oahu. No un­ parents ofalumni and currellt students­ packing and repacking. Special r.t. air from who have no direct connection with the 100 cities. Rates begin at $1,195. Bonus for University will be requested to make a tax­ early reservation: two free nights (pre- or University ofRochester Alumni Tours deductible donation of$50 to the University. post-cruise) at Hawaiian Regent in Hono­ are planned with two primary objectives: lulu. educational enrichment and the establish­ Bermuda by Ship - July 24-31 ment ofcloser ties among alumni and Out of New York, the Home Lines' M/V between alumni and the University. Des­ Atlantic is an elegant "home" for seven For further information or detailed tinations are selected for their historic, nights, with exclusive docking privileges on mailers (as they become available) on any cultural, geographic, and natural resources, Front Street in Hamilton. All meals pro­ of the trips announced, contact John and for the opportunities they provide for vided on the ship; eat ashore as you wish. Braund, Alumni Office, University of understanding other peoples: their histo­ An ideal combination of sun, sea, ship, Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, (716) ries, their politics, their values, and the and shore. Two-day pre-cruise option at 275-3682. roles they play in current world affairs. Waldorf-Astoria. $1,095-$1,995 from New York. Special air prices to New York.

Moving? Making News?

Name _ Address _ the possibilities . .. o Alumnus/a Class __ o Parent 0 Friend o New address, effective date _ Gifts of Appreciated Assets (Please enclose present address label) Imagine for a moment that you bought tion. The University then pays you a guar­ My comment and/or news lDO shares of stock for $3,000 five years anteed fixed or variable annual income (for Alumni Milestones/Alumnotes): ago and now it is worth $[0,000. You are which is double the stock dividend income reluctant to cash in on this bonanza be­ you've been receiving from the donated cause of the stock's steady dividend income stock. and the liability of paying tax on the $7,000 This story has come true for hundreds of capital gain. imaginative alumni who have used appre­ Now imagine that you give this stock to ciated stock, real estate, or art to make life the University, avoid all tax on the $7,000 income gifts in order to help fulfill the gain, and benefit from a charitable deduc- University's dreams for the future.

For more information on gifts that provide fixed or variable income, please write or call: JACK KRECKEL 1-800-635-4672 or 275-5171 Associate Director of Development 685 Mt. Hope Avenue Rochester, NY 14620 1\ 1 V E R ~ I T Y 0 r Mail to: Rochester Review, 108 Administra­ Join other alumni in supporting tion Building, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627

45 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 , Volunteer a little money. Rochester It will go a lot further Book the niversity now (no pun than yo think. intended) for your organization's conference, seminar, training session, Beginning with the last issue, we have been (we have lots of ideas we haven't even used or other special event! bringing you what we think is a livelier, yet), but we need your help to do so. Even more readable, better University of Roch­ a modest gift-say $10 or S15 from each of ester magazine. you, our loyal readers-will go a long way Rochester's River Campus Offers: We want to continue that improvement toward reaching that goal. • Auditoriums and meeting rooms for small and large groups Support your favorite university magazine, Send money. And accept our heartfelt thanks. Professional catering facilities Audiovisual and technical services Voluntary Subscription to Rochester Review Faculty to participate in seminars Enclosed is my tax-deductible voluntary subscription. •A park-like setting - the ideal back­ Name _ drop for creativity and learning. (Summers are our specialty, as you Address _ can guess, but we can fit you in at other times, too.)

We've served as the site for national D Alumnus/a Class D Parent D Friend conferences of religious, educational, and nonprofit organizations, and we can help Amount enclosed $ _ your organization as well. To find out more, A voluntary subscription is just that - purely voluntary. A subscription to the Review is a call Sally Allison, associate director, Wilson service given to Rochester alumni, parents of current students, and friends of the University. Commons/conference services, at Mail to: Rochester Review, 108 Administration Building, University of Rochester, (7/6) 275-9393. Rochester, NY 14627

The University of Rochester I understand thallhe Unlversl!y of Roche,ter Lithograph commi"ioned from Paula LithograRh Jones' original painting of Rush Rhee< Library will be avail.1blp for a limited lime only. The fully museum·mounted and framed Illhograph will bl' personallv hand signed and senally numbered by Ihe artISt. The i;su will be permanently limited 10450 full color lilhographs I l1uSI be ab>olutely satISfied that it is a Ilihograph of fine quality. or I mdY return II for a full refund. Please accept my order for' ""...... ,"" The University of RocheSier Lithograph!>l (#ROC·L1TJ at $145' each QUANTI All purchasers please add $4.00 per lithograph for handling and insured shipping charges. 'On 5hipmenl5 to PennsylvafltJ nfl/). pleJ5e c"ldd 6 /', 'fJfe <;Jles I,}.I: IH.Jndlrn~ and '):llpping chJr"p.'i .-Ht" nol laxabk' I I wish to pay for my lithograpf)(s) as follows: By d Single remiliance of $ made payable to "University of Rochester Lithograph". wilich I elldose -- By charging Ihe amount of $ _ to Iny credit card indicated below Full Account Number: Expiration' 'Iv rn Yed' CD Signature MAIL ORDERS TO: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER ALUM I ASSOCIA f10N c/o Post Office Box 511 Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 NOTE: For guaranteed acceptance, reservations must be among the first 4S0 orders received. Please allow 8 to 10 weeks for shipment

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47 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

ALUMNI CAP- Navy twill cap with "U 01 R SWEATSHIRTS - 50% acrylic - 50% cotton. UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER TIE-100'I, Alumni" embroidered in gold. One size fits Rib·knit crewneck, cuffs, & waistband. Long silk tie with multi·color University of Roch· all. raglan sleeves. Hooded sweatshirt also has ester Meliora imprint in fine detail. 11.98 pouch pocket & double·thick hood with 29.96 drawstring. Gray with navy seal or navy with gold seal. S- M- L-XL. Crewneck 15.98 Hooded 19.98

CHINA PLATE- Made of the finest par· celain by Vilella China Co. Ptate is deco· rated with blue·&·gold University seal with 24·karat gold. Handsomely gift·boxed. 24.95 THE ROCHESTER CHAIR -A traditional tao UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER POSTER- vorite made of select northern nard woods. 20" x 28" limited·edition poster of the Roch· Black with cherry arms (shown) 179.00 ester campus. Full·color watercolor-&-pen Pine chair 169.00 drawing by arlist Lawrence Van Alstyne. Pine rocker 159.00 (Shipping 2.50) 5.00

QUAN. ITEM PRICE TOTAL QUAN. ITEM PRICE TOTAL China plate . 24.95 Navy crewneck sweatsh irt The Rochester poster . 5.00 OS OM OL OXL .. 15.98 Black chair 179.00 Gray hooded sweatshirt • Bm<5TORE Pine chair. 169.00 OS OM OL OXL .. 19.98 • Pine rocker 159.00 Navy hooded sweatshirt Universityof Rochester Alumni cap. . ... 11.98 OSOMOLOXL.19.98 • SHIP TO: Gray crewneck sweatshirt Rochester tie 29.98 OS OM OL OXL. 15.98 N.V. State Tax 7% • Postage & Handling • STREET TOTAL • N.Y.S. Residents: Add 7% Sales Tax. Out·ol·Stale Residents: No lax unless delivered in N.Y.S. • CITY STATE __ ZIP CHECK OR MONEY ORDER ENCLOSED. SHIPPING & HANDLING (in U.S.A.): • o ORDERED BY: o VISA expo date _ All items except poster 2.00 per order • accl. no. _ Chair (call for shipping charges & availability) Prices in etfecl until July 1, 1988 • STREET o MASTERCARD expo dale _ acel. no. _ • ---- Phone _'--__-'- _ • CITY. STATE _ ZIP Mail to: The BOOKSTORE, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, tel: (716) 275·4131 • • All pflces subject 10 change wi/hou! notIce Rochester Review/Spring 1988 Rochester LLE Reaches Fusion Milestone The dream of someday achieving a safe, limitless source of energy from thermonuclear fusion - the kind gener­ ated by the sun- moved another step closer to reality this spring. That's when scientists at the Labo­ ratory for Laser Energetics announced attainment of their latest milestone: the compression of a tiny capsule of fusion fuel to more than 100 times its normal liquid density- the highest level that has ever been directly measured. It represents significant progress toward the goal of compressing and heating the fuel to the point where it ignites, setting off a reaction that releases more energy than was expended in kindling it. Verified after rigorous review by a national scientific committee, the achievement paves the way for the next stage: a proposed major upgrade of the LLE's multi-trillion watt OMEGA laser that holds the promise of further advances in inertial fusion research within the next decade. In the most recent achievement, Rochester researchers used the OMEGA to bombard with photons a glass cap­ sule of fusion fuel no larger than a grain of sand. The fuel density reached was approximately two to four times that of lead - and the temperature was in the range of 5 to 10 million degrees. (For comparison: If you compressed water to the same degree, a gallon of it would weigh half a ton.) To achieve the next step - a thermo­ nuclear "burn" resulting in the release of far more energy than it took to ig­ nite the burn - it is estimated that you would need the ability to compress the fuel to a density of 10 to 20 times that of lead and to heat it to a temperature of about 50 million degrees. Heading in that direction, the proposed LLE upgrade would raise OMEGA's energy from 2,000 to 30,000 Joules (a measure of energy equal to one watt of one second's duration). The increase may enable scientists to achieve the densities and temperatures necessary for ignition. Congress has so far appropriated $2 million toward half the cost of the design-and-engineering studies re­ quired for the upgrade and next year is expected to allocate the remainder. Staring up from his perspective on a penny, laser fusion target is almost subliminally visible The LLE people estimate that the Honest Abe contemplates the tiny pellet that on a strand of spider-web silk stretched be­ completed upgrade will total (in 1988 made the big news for the laser lab. Encased in tween the arms of the copper horsehoe. dollars) an additional $39 million. A a glass shell no bigger than a grain of sand I the 32 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Henri Cartier-Bresson, "Giacometti," 1961

30 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Harold Edgerton, "Bullet through Balloons," 1959

Adolphe-Eugene Disderi, Uncut Cartes de Visite, ca. 1860

28 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

Robert Dolsne8u, "Domestic Interior with Wedding Picture," 1956

26 had Samuel Adler, professor of com­ he Rochester Conference, it, "all human beings despite differ­ position at Eastman, walk through however, is not in the ences in external appearance, share a the audience handing out 29 different celebrity-showcasing busi­ kind of biological brotherhood that's stanzas of a poem (which was either by ness. "It's for the students," much more profound than we ever or about Jasper Johns, depending on Dean Ruth Freeman told realized. " what chance configurations Cage came Tthe Campus Times, and she and her Once the hands of the clock were up with by randomly punching com­ planners have kept the focus clear for firmly on the p.m. side, student wings puter keys). The 29 recipients proceed­ two years now. "The main goal is edu­ were fully unfurled. Participation took ed simultaneously to read their verses cation and what a student learns from flight, and its course was remarkably aloud as they variously paced the this unique experience." liberated from the specter of a pop aisles, stood on their chairs, or moved And students provided the core of quiz next Tuesday. For many of the however else the spirit prompted them the daily auditors, albeit in gradual academics who were doing the present­ -while Cage himself timed the read­ segments, like a butterfly emerging ing, it may have been the first time in ings by shuffling, to a beat all his own, from a chrysalis. A smattering would ages they had seen the full faces of stu­ from stage right to stage left. Like make it out of the dorms for the 9:30 dents absorbing what they had to say Chuck Berry duck-walking between President's Seminar Series to hear eyeball to eyeball, rather than just the choruses of "Maybelline" at a golden trumpeter-composer-arranger Jeff tops of heads buried in legal tablets. oldies revival, this elderly gentleman Tyzik '76E, '77GE ponder the pop By and large, students left the note­ showed he still had the mojo to rouse scene with Eastman professors Ray­ taking to the senior citizens, who were an audience largely composed of peo­ burn Wright and Christopher Rouse, much in evidence during the week. ple 50 years his junior. When the "per­ or to catch University Vice President formance" concluded, Cage wore an Richard Miller; Engineering Dean ear-splitting grin and audience mem­ Bruce Arden, and Chamber of Com­ bers were beaming at each other. What merce President Thomas Mooney de­ had just occurred maybe not one in 20 scribing the shape of things to come in could put a name to, but for sure it the Rochester of the Year 2000. had been a gas. More of the collective neck and We may be the first shoulders of the student body would human beings con­ be visible by the late-morning Pro­ vost's Seminars, one of which featured scious of living in a Assistant Professor of Medicine Donald Greenblatt (see related story specific age. We may on page 3), whose peppy lecture on sleep disorders attempted an answer to not know what to call the age-old question, Why are college students tired all the time? Many rue­ it but we do know that ful smiles attended the answer: Dorms our age is different. are too noisy, energy-draining puberty is still getting in some last licks, and the proverbial candle is daily torched at both ends. Prescription: more sack time; 10 hours a day is not too much. The student antennae were at the Anything in the bookstore that con­ ready for the afternoon sessions, and tained ruled paper was snapped up by one of these in particular drew hot in­ the older conferees, many of whom terest. By a stroke of scheduling ge­ seemed determined not to leave one nius, molecular biologist Allan Wilson word of a lecture untranscribed. If a of Berkeley was in Strong the very speaker mentioned the name of a book week his thesis - that our human ge­ that had some special relevance to the netic heritage can be traced back to an subject, down it would go into a score "Eve" who lived in Africa a surpris­ of notebooks, and an hour later the ingly recent 200,OOO-odd years ago­ computerized Rush Rhees card cata­ Silent alarm: Celebrated mime artist Bob Berky got the cover of Newsweek. The issue, logue would be swamped. '70 points up the flight of time. His appearance which showed a black Adam and Eve The elders peppered Physics and in Strong Auditorium - the scene of his very casting a cold eye on a serpent slither­ Astronomy Professor Harry Gove and first performance, as a student - was one of 67 ing between them, was a well-thumbed Director of Religious Affairs Joseph Rochester Conference events. student item as Wilson - a dry, laconic Brennan with such a barrage of ques­ man whose manner belied the "luna­ tions about the Shroud of Turin and tic" label his ideas up to now had re­ ceived in professional circles - built a structure that seems logically unassail­ able: That, as Stephen Jay Gould puts

24 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 Cage wore an ear­ splitting grin and the audience beamed: What had occurred not one in 20 could put a name to, but for sure it had been a gas.

For us, the prospects are more as a sub-theme for the entire rationale art-history department, into a hole in cheerful, but we share some of his of having a Rochester Conference each the ground that reveals the makeup of anxiety. University Dean Ruth Free­ year: "I'll trade in well-roundedness a medieval English monastery. man and her planners have erected an for sharpness and passion any day; a Although he promises to restrain imposing Bartholomew Fair of the person has a lifetime to become well­ himself from "selling" the archaeolog­ intellectual and artistic life for us to rounded." January 10, then, was for ical digs in England on which he leads sample. Once you do, you develop a conferees the first day of the rest of Rochester students, his own enthusi­ taste for it, and more, an itch that just their lives. asm for the subject provokes yearnings has to be scratched. No matter how far Practical politics-1988 was the first for the Banana Republic catalogue, afield from our ordinary interests a stop of the morning, as Michael Miller, pith helmets, and cargo shorts. Yet the seminar, session, or event might be, Monroe County Democratic Party excitement in his voice switches to an like the Rabbit, we are loathe to miss chair, and Barbara Zartman, the same introspective tone as he acknowledges out. for the GOP, agreed that the primary that "dirt" archaeology destroys the system is a devourer of money and material as it studies it, so that after he cue for this attitude was people, and a pretty eccentric way of his crews are through excavating the given on the first day of choosing presidential nominees. The levels of floors in a monastery, nothing the conference in the speech candidates who survive this political is left but their record of the excava­ by Jack A. Kampmeier af­ Iron Man Marathon will be those who tion. "It's almost like copying a medie­ ter his inauguration as the have the best timing and who peak at val manuscript and scraping off the il­ Tnew dean of the College of Arts and the right lap. luminations as you go," he says, a stiff Science. Keynoting the activities of the The audience, composed mainly of reminder that our forays into the past week ahead, he suggested that semes­ the very young, looking perhaps to are never completely harmless, that in­ ter break is a perfect time for the con­ cast their first ballot this year, and the deed we murder to dissect. ference, since "students don't need a old, who, if the intensity of their ques­ break from thinking." tions is any clue, have rarely missed an Ut we must dissect to pos­ And we are all students for these election over a span of years, egged the sess, and from Walsh's seven days, even though only half of two poles on toward the wonderland slides of the ruined abbey our 3,500-strong membership is offi­ of prediction. we experience with him a cially enrolled at the University. For Readers of this magazine will have it certainfrisson. We can al­ the rest, we are faculty, staff, and in their hands after fate and happen­ Bmost hear the monks' orisons within alumni, or just untitled citizens of the stance have worked their ways, so here these stone vaults before the confer­ Rochester community. In common we is a chance to second-guess the experts. ence schedule whirrs on and yanks us have the itch that the conference both Zartman: Kemp, Haig, and du Pont five centuries and a hemisphere away, provokes and caters to: the desire to are going nowhere; a dead heat be­ to southern Africa's Kalahari Desert. lay down for a spell the tools of our tween Bush and Dole. Miller: Gore is Anthropologist Marjorie Shostak lived specialties and find out what's new in the best bet for vice president; and there for a number of years, and her other global corners. don't count out Hart for the top spot. studies of the !Kung tribe of hunters The theme of the conference could They both insist that the two ordained and gatherers and their views of time as well be "Time Out" - for the En­ ministers in the election, Pat Robert­ led her to the realization that, as Gul­ glish major from the MLA style sheet, son and Jesse Jackson, will be "play­ liver might have said to the Lillipu­ for the scientist from the laser lab, for ers" right up to the conventions and tians, "Hey, everything's relative!" the Rochester resident from the never maybe beyond. Until recently, the !Kung told time ending downtown construction. Moving on from electoral politics very well for their needs - by reference On his way to detailing his philoso­ in the last part of the 20th century, to the moon, the seasons, and the phy of education, Dean Kampmeier we put on our seven-league boots and weather. Now, of course, the !Kung are made one statement that could stand climb down with David Walsh, of the

22 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

20 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

'"0( 0( "u z w > ~ "Ecstatic Orange" in black and white: lorke's was later choreographed by Martins lor the compositions in which lorke has been explor­ lirst commissioned work, "Ecstatic Orange" New York City Ballet. It is one 01 a series 01 ing the relationship between music and color.

"I'm interested in expanding the Rochester, N.Y., know of his existence. ommissions "came provinciality of contemporary concert "It was like sending out introductions along," as Torke says. music, which has gotten itself into the before graduation," he says. "So that After "Ecstatic Orange," tiniest corner of the universe. One pos­ by the time I was able to move to New he received a commission sible approach is branching off into York City, it wasn't completely foreign from the New York Youth other areas." He adds, "The question territory. " CSymphony that resulted in an orches­ is how far can you branch off before And there was no question that tral piece called "Bright Blue Music." you're on another tree?" Complicating Michael Torke was going to live in This was quickly followed by a com­ the matter is the fact that he some­ New York some day. A visit to Man­ mission from the Milwaukee Sympho­ times finds himself writing music "that hattan with his high-school marching ny and a new piece, also for orchestra, still doesn't fall into any of the cate­ band in 1977 (for the Macy's Thanks­ called "Verdant Music." If you detect gories, even though there are all these giving Day Parade) had left a sizeable a pattern, you won't be surprised to categories to choose from." impression on him. He began, literally, know that while at Yale, he had written This can lead to certain promotional dreaming about New York City­ a piece called "The Yellow Pages." considerations. At the same time he is dreams notable for their color, their What Torke was doing was exploring developing a relationship with one vividness, their emotional impact. So the connection he sensed between mu­ mainstream classical-music record even though he proceeded from East­ sic and color, the idea that colors have company, he wonders whether there man to Yale for graduate work in the musical equivalents. Torke achieved might not be a progressive-rock label fall of 1984, his heart was soon else­ these equivalencies through the main­ out there that would also be interested, where. tenance of "one dramatic sweep," as or maybe even a "new age" label. He says that he began to feel he was he says, from beginning to end - a Not that Torke has ever had much wasting his professors' time, but he consistent melody, unchanging tonal­ trouble getting his music around. Since must have been wondering about his ity, and repeated rhythm; within that the fall of 1985, his work has been own time as well. He was already re­ constancy, however, the pieces are ren­ published by Boosey & Hawkes, a ceiving commissions - his first major dered buoyant and dramatic through prestigious New York City classical­ one was from the Brooklyn Philhar­ dynamic orchestration, complex coun­ music publisher. Boosey & Hawkes monic for a concert honoring Aaron terpoint, and the sheer inventiveness of publicizes and promotes as well as Copland. The piece he wrote was Torke's notes. "Bright Blue Music," for publishes; becoming their client was a "Ecstatic Orange." He left Yale on example, despite what The New Yorker turning point in his career as a full­ May I, 1985; "Ecstatic Orange" was called its "dense dance of notes," stays time composer. But even as an East­ performed in Brooklyn on May 10. in the key of D major from beginning man student, he possessed an innate He had come to New York with no to end. D major has meant the color sense of what one had to do to be nest egg, no trust fund - just confi­ blue to Torke since he was 5 years old. noticed. He was an inveterate competi­ dence, desire, the ability to live simply, tion-enterer in college, sending out his and, as David Zinman has noted, a scores not so much to win (which he knack for writing popular pieces. often did) but to let people outside of

18 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 COLORHIM

Michael Torke '84E is a happy man these days. He is 26 years old, he's a full-time composer of "contemporary classical" music, and he has almost more commissions than he can handle.

By Jeremy Schlosberg Equally astounding is the level of In 1987, "Ecstatic Orange," choreo­ success Torke has achieved so quickly. graphed by Martins, was performed by ichael Tork~ wa~es up Within three years of his Eastman the NYCB, first as a short piece, and every mornmg, Jumps graduation in 1984, Torke has seen his later in an expanded, three-movement in the shower, and work performed by the Detroit Sym­ version. A work commissioned espe­ runs out the door of phony, the Brooklyn Philharmonic, cially for the American Music Festival his Upper West Side the Baltimore Symphony, and the Mil­ is being staged this May, and future Mapartment building, hair still wet. waukee Symphony. He has won the Martins-Torke collaborations are likely. He buys a cup of coffee and a copy coveted Prix de Rome from the Ameri­ "The sky's the limit as far as that of The New York Times, which he can Academy, the Hearns Prize from kid's concerned," David Zinman has drinks and reads, respectively, on the Columbia University, and the Charles said of Torke. Zinman, the former #1 subway on his way to his 41st Street Ives Award from the National Institute music director of the Rochester Phil­ office. Like many of his peers, Torke of Arts and Letters. He has received harmonic, now holds that post with works furiously, sometimes forgetting prizes from ASCAP and BMI and fel­ the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra. to eat either lunch or dinner. ("It's a lowships at the Yaddo and MacDowell He has compared Torke to Aaron pain in the neck to have to eat," he colonies. Copland - not for any musical similar­ says.) Unless he has a specific engage­ Lest you assume that Torke's accom­ ity, he says, but because of Torke's ment, he will typically be at his desk plishments have involved a mass of "knack of writing terrific music with until midnight. esoteric credits, ponder this: His work an incredibly popular touch." Once back home, he'll stay up read­ has been staged by the New York City Torke himself takes the acclaim in ing until 2 or 3, and do the whole Ballet, due to the enthusiastic support stride. He is a thoughtful Milwaukee thing over again the next day. of none other than Peter Martins, the native who, despite three eventful years Attorney? Investment banker? NYCB ballet master-in-chief. The col­ in Manhattan, still considers himself Hardly. Despite a work regimen that laboration started when Martins heard more a Midwesterner than a New mimics a typical young professional's, Torke's "Ecstatic Orange," an orches­ Yorker. Even so, the folks back home Michael Torke (pronounced "TORK­ tral piece that premiered in New York are beginning to razz him about his ee") is as atypical as they come. in 1985, and couldn't get it out of his "eastern accent," and attitudinally, he The 26-year-old Eastman School head. seems to have augmented his soft­ graduate is a composer of what is "It had a lot of power that excited spoken Midwesternness with a dose of often known, oxymoronicaJly, as "con­ me," Martins says. The more I heard savvy New York realism. temporary classical" music. His mid­ it, the more I liked it, which is always a His reaction to all his good fortune? town office has a desk and a file and a good sign for a choreographer." "It's sort of like: What's the difference lamp, as well as a synthesizer, a four­ Martins had been scouting for new between your phone ringing once a track machine, a music stand, and works for the NYCB's American Mu­ day or your phone ringing 15 times a headphones. sic Festival, scheduled for this spring, day?" He answers his own question. Unlike all but a handful of others in and believed he had found, in Torke, "The difference is you've got to go over his field, Torke supports himself as a a young composer of great promise. and pick it up more often." This is, in full-time composer. At any age, this is fact, part of the reason for the rented noteworthy; at 26, it is astounding. 16 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

By the 1920s, the pledge had become an integral aspect of patriotic activities. Paralleling its rise in popularity was the public's interest in discovering who had composed it, and Bellamy's frus­ tration in seeing others so honored. One Frank E. Bellamy, a Kansas schoolboy when the pledge was writ­ ten, staked his claim, eagerly taken up by some supporters. But the crux was always the Upham claim upheld by the publishers. Bellamy swore out three affidavits and wrote at least four detailed ver­ sions of the events surrounding the birth of the "twenty-three-word na­ tional creed." The accounts were even­ tually published by the Elks Magazine of June 1924, the Rochester Alumni Review of February-March 1927, the Stone and Webster Journal of around 1930, and The University oj Rochester Library Bulletin of Winter 1953. Conversely, in 1930 the U.S. Flag Association approved the claim of the Upham Family Association that Up­ ham had prepared the original draft and that Bellamy was only one of several Companionate contributors. Meanwhile, Francis Bellamy, having spent 10 years as a journalist and edi­ tor with various publications, and 18 years in big-city advertising, had moved to partial retirement in Florida and the job with the Tampa Electric Company. When he died in 1931 he was still without the recognition he sought. In 1939, the Order of Job's Daugh­ ters, about to erect a $30,000 monu­ ment to Upham, asked a panel of in­ dependent historians to recheck the Upham claim. After the Upham and Bellamy families had presented their evidence, the panel- and the Flag Association in its wake-concluded unanimously that it was Bellamy who wrote the pledge. Bellamy's "intimate picture of the background of the pledge" had "the unmistakable stamp of verity," the panel decided. Early references to "the Bellamy salute" formed "strong con­ temporary evidence." Also, "the easy, fluent style, and the smooth cadence" of the first Columbus Day address, which everyone agreed was Bellamy's, "resembles the phraseology of the In semi-retirement in Florida: After a number ager lor the Electric Company. He died there in pledge." And so forth. of years in big-city advertising, Bellamy moved 1931 still without having established his claim to Tampa to work part time as advertising man- to authorship of the pledge.

14 Rochester Review/Spring 1988 to an imaginary flag. "I am a school­ campaign in support of the nationwide The thousand-word address, unsur­ boy standing at salute," Upham said. observance. (Typical among his ploys prisingly, flowed more readily from "As I say, 'I pledge allegiance ... " was the full page of already-typeset Bellamy's pen than had the 23-word I stretch out my right hand and keep it boilerplate that he furnished, free, to pledge: "Four hundred years ago this raised to the end. " local newspapers across the country, morning the Pinta's gun broke the Bellamy was happy to have pleased recounting an interview in the "busy silence and announced the discovery "that exacting idealist," James Upham, office" of the national Columbus Day of this hemisphere... ," the speech and went back to work on his solemn chairman as "reported by the Boston would note. "Today, America's fifth Columbus Day "address" -and to con­ Correspondent of [your name here] century begins...." tinue to press an elaborate publicity newspaper. ")

Saluting the flag in school, photograph from a among the future citizens of the land, regard­ the comprehensive collection of Bellamy memo­ turn-of-the-century textbook: "The salute to less of the many racial stocks from which rabilia deposited in the University libraries by the flag fosters a spirit of unity and loyalty these children may have sprung," declares the David Bellamy, Francis's son. picture caption. The photograph comes from

12 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

offered its juvenile readers mouth­ Even before Bellamy joined The dictated a letter of personal approval. watering prizes in return for recruiting Companion staff, Upham had em­ Both president and senator warned new subscribers: "The first ONE barked on a crusade to float the Amer­ Bellamy, however, that only the Con­ THOUSAND SUBSCRIBERS who ican flag over every schoolhouse, the gress could authorize a national holi­ each send Five New Subscriptions, flags to be paid for by selling lO-cent day, and that the Democratic House with payment for them, will receive the shares to students. One hundred shares would never unite with a Republican One Thousand Gifts named below," would buy a respectable school flag, Senate on any project that might make the ads trumpeted, listing among the and through Upham's efforts, 30,000 Harrison appear the hero. prizes "watches, purses of gold, di­ of them had been supplied to school­ Despite Lodge's warning that he was amond rings, fountain pens, moon­ houses across the country. "going too far," Bellamy, unfazed, stone rings and garnet carbuncle The next year, 1892, would mark the next took on Congress and garnered rings. " 400th anniversary of the discovery of letters of support from the leaders of Although Ford was not averse to America, and Upham had conceived a both houses, and, while he was about building his circulation on a base of "simultaneous and appropriate cele­ it, from most of the state governors as materialism, he was at heart also an bration ... in every public school." A well. A joint resolution of Congress idealist, and through the pages of his committee of state education superin­ authorized Harrison to proclaim a na­ magazine, in Miller's words, he was tendents set about planning a nation­ tional Columbus Day "but owing to "trying to propagate a faith, a faith in wide school holiday replete with obstruction from other quarters," Bel­ our country." speeches, music, and proclamations. lamy wrote later, "the proclamation By the early 1890s the patriotism Climaxing the festivities, the Grand hung fire." engendered by the Civil War was in Army of the Republic, then in its eclipse, and President Benjamin Harri­ prime, would raise flags all over the son was stumping to revive an earlier land. reverence for "the little red school­ The committee elected as its chair­ house" and what would today proba­ man the representative from The bly be called "traditional American Youth's Companion - Francis Bellamy he pair stood values." A scathing newspaper edito­ - and set up headquarters in his office. rial entitled "The Worship of a Textile Bellamy's first task was to get in the gathering darkness Fabric" denigrated flag-raising ceremo­ Columbus Day proclaimed a national practicing the pledge to nies but "roused the peaceful James B. holiday, and his second to have the Upham," Bellamy would recall, "to a celebrations center on the public an imaginary flag. "I am grim determination to make the school schools and their flags. children of the country understand ... A nervy fellow, Bellamy proved apt a schoolboy standing at that the flag was worthy of their as the retiring Upham's missionary. salute," Upham said. highest love." The country was in the throes of a bit­ ter presidential campaign but Bellamy "As I say, 'I pledge wangled an interview with former allegiance,' I stretch out President Grover Cleveland, again a candidate, who wrote a hearty letter my right hand and keep approving "making the public schools the backbone of the Columbus Day it raised to the end." celebration." (Wary, Western Union held the story from the wires until the Democratic Committee got verification from Cleveland that he had indeed so Upon hearing that President Harri­ communicated to the brash upstart son had instructed the State Depart­ from The Companion.) ment to compose the unforthcoming Then Bellamy tackled that crusty proclamation, Bellamy called upon old Republican Senator from Massa­ Secretary of State John W. Foster to chusetts, Henry Cabot Lodge (de­ see if he could hurry the process along. scribed as "the only man who could go After chastising Bellamy for his cheek­ into the front entrance of any Fifth iness, Foster offered to let him help Avenue home without delivering some­ with the draft, which is how Bellamy's thing"). Lodge grudgingly arranged an cadenced words - "On that day let the introduction to President Harrison. national flag float over every school­ To Lodge's amazement, Harrison too house in the land" - came to be insert­ ed in the otherwise formulaic presiden­ Francis Bellamy at about the lime he wrote tial proclamation. the pledge: He had just made a major career change, turning away from 11 years in the Baptist ministry to enter his true calling -that of writer, editor, and publicist.

10 He was perhaps the ultimate PR man, yet never during his lifetime was Francis]. Bellamy, Class of 1876, able to establish his claim to authorship of23 of the most famous words in American history: the Pledge ofAllegiance to the Flag. How come?

~ By Elizabeth Brayer ..r

The wastebasket in a corner office of easily parrot our familiar national Born in 1855 the son of a Baptist the popular children's magazine was creed. Yet who besides trivia freaks can minister, Bellamy grew up in Rome, overflowing that balmy August night in identify its author as Francis Julius N.Y., a town built on the site of Fort 1892. But on the desk, in the author's Bellamy, surely the University's most Stanwix, where, prophetically perhaps, own hand, were these words: quoted alumnus? the American flag was first unfurled in Bellamy's original 23 words are now battle. He entered the (then Baptist) 31 words and 95 years old. Contro­ University of Rochester in 1872, head­ " versy and anonymity marked their ing, after his father - and like fully one birth and rise to mythical status. third of his classmates - toward the Their creator was an ex-clergyman ministry. pledge with "a knack for words." He was Early testing hi verbal facility, later to become an early-and emi­ Francis Bellamy won the Sophom re allegiance to my Flag a d nently successful-advertising man Latin Prize and (he Senior Essay Prize. who was active professionally until his One of a I ss of 34 men, 16 of whom to the Republic for which death in 1931 at the age of 76. (When delivered commencement addresses, it stands - one Nation the Tampa Electric Company that Bellamy gave not one but two gradua­ year chose to let him go in favor of a tion speeches. The fir t was his prize indivisible - with liberty younger man, he hustled across town essay, on "Wordsworth's Place in and landed a job as advertising chief Literature." The second was on "The a d justice for all." at the gas company.) Although for two Poetry of Human Brotherhood." decades he had been struggling for rec­ "That oration," writes Margarette Americans may stumble over the ognition as the author of those 23 fa­ S. Miller, speaking as Bellamy in a words and music to "The Star-Spangled mous words, it was to be eight more first-person biography of him (nventy­ Banner" but most of us know who years before their authorship was final­ three Words, Printcraft Press, 1976), wrote our National Anthem, and under ly, in 1939, unequivocally attributed to just what pyrotechnic circumstances. him. With the Pledge of Allegiance, learned as a matter of course by every school­ child, the situation is reversed. We may

8 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

gastrointestinal disease, and even men­ strual disorders," says Greenblatt. Not to mention trouble staying alert Are You a Bonaparte or an Einsteil1l? on the job. A story to instill some so­ ber respect for body clocks (and fear of "red-eye" flights) is one that ap­ peared about a year and a half ago in The New York Times. A Harvard Medical School researcher studied 30 commercial airline pilots and found that they dozed off in the cockpit an average of 32 times a month, usually between 3 and 7 a.m. On one trans­ continental flight to Los Angeles, all three people in the cockpit fell asleep, and the jet flew 100 miles past the air­ port before any of the crew woke up. "Remember the Three Mile Island Whether you require a lot of shuteye orous exercise shortly before bedtime incident and the Chernobyl disaster? (like Einstein) or not so much (like will probably keep you awake, though, They also happened between 2 and 4 Napoleon), here are some of Dr. Donald and exercise in the morning doesn't a.m. on the body clocks of the workers Greenblatt's tips for making every hour seem to affect leep one way or the at the plants," says Greenblatt. of sack time count: other. But enough about the peril of ignor­ • Sleep only until you're refreshed. • Don't drink alcohol before bed or ing chronobiology. Sleep requirements vary from one per­ take sleeping pills. Though they may cause you to faU asleep sooner in the Understanding how body clocks son to the next; most people need 7 to 9 hours to feel their best. Some can get by short run, they can cause "rebound" work has led to a new treatment for with fewer hours-Napoleon Bonaparte insomnia when their effect wears off. those out of sync with their environ­ and Thomas Edison needed only 4 to • Caffeine and chocolate keep some ment: "chronotherapy." It's one way to 6 hours - and some need more. Albert people awake. Ifyou're one of those, reset the body clocks of night owls Einstein was a "long" sleeper, who often then you have only yourself to blame if who can't get up in the morning, and slept 14 to 16 hours on many consecu­ you consume them before retiring. of people whose circumstances have tive days. • Keep a regular schedule, getting up changed, like the late-shift worker who • Sleep in a cool room. Temperatures and retiring at about the same time decides to go back to school and must above 75 degrees make you restless at every day. If during the week you get get up for nine o'clock classes. night. less sleep than you need, you probably wjll want to sleep late on days off. That's "It's pretty simple. We just put these • Pick a quiet room. Even if you're not aware of the jets flying over your OK with Greenblatt. people on a schedule over several house at night, noise disrupts sleep. You •A television in the bedroom is prob­ weeks' time and have them go to bed won't feel as refreshed in the morning. ably not a good idea for those who have later and later on successive nights un­ •A light snack makes some people trouble sleeping. Watching programs til they're in the routine they want to drowsier. Milk is an especially good before bedtime may be too stimulating be. It works, but it takes motivation choice, because it contains L-Trypto­ and make it harder to nod off. from the patient and support from the phan, an amino acid which may help • If you're lying in bed and can't fall patient's family." make you sleep. asleep, don't brood. Read a book or The people who can't sleep when • Exercise regularly, especially in the magazine until you're sleepy again. By they want to do not form the largest late afternoon. Studies show that people tomorrow night or the next, you'll prob­ who do this increase their "delta" sleep ably be tired enough to fall off with no group of Greenblatt's patients, how­ - the kind that is most refreshing. Vig- problem. ever. "Most people think about sleep disorders as a problem of falling asleep at night," he says. "Insomnia is cer­ tainly very common, but people usual­ of excessive somnolence." (Their op­ watching TV. We're talking about peo­ ly go to their primary-care physicians posites, the insomniacs, are the DIMS ple who can fall asleep on a rock pil­ for help. Most of our patients come group, with "disorders of initiating low. Greenblatt's patients can doze at a in complaining of being too sleepy and maintaining sleep.") red light while driving, snooze in the during the day, or of falling asleep at Just how sleepy are the DOES middle of a conversation, nod off in inappropriate times." patients? the interval between their fork twirling In the lingo of the sleep doctors, "Weariness can snore upon the flint, some strands of spaghetti in sauce and these are the DOES - pronounced when resty sloth finds the down pillow the spaghetti reaching their mouth. "doze" - folks who suffer "disorders hard," Shakespeare observed in Cym­ They can even fall asleep while making be/ine. We're not talking about people love. Naps like these wreck marriages, who fall asleep over a book or while threaten life and limb, and cost jobs.

6 Rochester Re iew/Spring 1988

Cervantes'Don Quixote. "It is meat Past the age of 50, many people for the hungry, drink for the thirsty, sleep less than 8 hours during the heat for the cold, and cold for the night, but are likely to take more day­ hot. " time naps. (By the way - the idea that Picking up where Sancho leaves off, every adult needs exactly 8 hours is let's add that ~Ieep delivers you from nonsense, Greenblatt says. "The great cares, quiets your aches, and refreshes majority of adults sleep between 7 and you down to the bone. And ... well t's easier to 9 hours a night, and there is evidence the list could go on and on. that people who fall within this range The bad news is that sleep can be adjust to local time if you've live longer than those who sleep fewer fickle. Who ha n't wrestled most of the been flying from east to or more hours. But if you average 6 night with pillows and covers, courting and you feel fine, then that's probably sleep in vain? Who hasn't felt dulled to west than the reverse. all you ned.") the bone the day after? Another thing: The architecture of A robust market in sleep aids - from Unless they prepare for sleep changes over a lifetime. Infants, waterbeds and orthopedic mattresses the time change, the young children, and adolescents usual­ to pricey bedclothes to over-the­ ly drop off to dreamland quickly, and counter soporifics, sleep masks, and Lakers have more of a spend a higher proportion of the night ear plugs - is testimony to our quest in the deeper, more refreshing, stages for restful sleep and more of it. problem when they play of sleep than do their elders. The num­ So is the appearance on the medical the Celtics in Boston than ber of awakenings during the night scene of sleep specialists like Green­ rises from an average of one for young blatt. A 1969 graduate of the College the Celtics do when they're children to seven for males over the of Arts and Science who got his M.D. in Los Angeles. age of 50. Rapid eye-movement sleep from the University of Barcelona in -the kind in which dreams occur­ Spain, he is now back at Roche ter as also declines with age. clinical assistant professor of medi­ But there are reasons be ides the cine, teaching third- and fourth-year demographics that could account for med students how to deal with sleep­ so many difficulties with sleep. They disordered patients. have to do with the way in which we Greenblatt's center is one of five in work and tra el. New York State, and one of more than leep is part of a daily tapestry of a hundred in the country. Most have biological rhythms of hormone levels, sprung up since the late 1970s. body temperature, and alertness or Hmmm. Does all this attention to Jeepiness that's been called the body's the slumber-starved mean that more clock. Natural cues like the rising of people are having trouble sleeping the sun or regular habits like getting than they did in earlier times? Com­ up and going to bed at about the same parative figures are impossible to come lime each day help s t the clock. But by, but certain facts about our contem­ when we jet across time zones or porary society suggest that sleep prob­ change our work shifts, we upset the lems may indeed be more common rhythms and then we can't sleep when today. it' time to go to bed. First, the demographics: Both baby "It's easi r for people to delay the boomers and their predecessors are cycle than for them to shorten it," says getting older, and an adult simply does Greenblatt. "Studies have shown that not "sleep like a baby." As we age, we when people are put into environments tend to sleep less and less. Infants where they haven't any time cues at all, average 16 hours a day, children put in and they're allowed to get up and go to around 10 hours of sack time, adoles­ sleep when they choose, they will de­ cents do about 9 hours, and adults velop daily cycles that last longer than generally get by with 8, according to the 'normal' 24, usually from 25 to 27 one study. hours." Consequently, he adds, it's easier [0 adjust to local time if you've Dr. Sandman: Donald Greenblatt Ilabltually puts been flying from east to west, when people to sleep - so he can monitor everything you have to put off your accustomed from their breathing to their brainwaves. He's bedtime, than the reverse, when you one 01 a new breed of sleep specialists In the have to bed down some hours before medical prolession.

4 Rochester Review/Spring J988

From the

Down with 'Academics' the determined compartmentalization positions that the student wrangled of "academics" over and against every­ and tussled with for hours out of class. We live in a day when everyone thing else. I think their last perception is correct seems busily involved in changing Maybe I wouldn't worry so much in fact and in our educational theory nouns and pronouns for some higher about "academics" if it didn't appear - and that is why 1 want to abolish purpose. One man's "freedom fighter" that "everything else" is the present "academics." is another man's "fascist" - and it isn't source of life, joy, peace, contentment, It is true, 1 recall, that not every one "man's" opinion of course. Much and fun. There is happy everything else classroom exercise in college offered linguistic alteration has been for the and what interferes with everything the immediate thrill of seeing Ted better. Words are not ciphers but the else: "academics." This value dichoto­ Williams hit a home run into the up­ expressions of attitudes which we do my was sharply put by a claim made per deck at Comiskey Park. (I reveal well to review and revise. After an by one student in our conversation. It my era. My team was the other Sox. extended discussion recently with a is a claim I have heard repeatedly­ They did not hit home runs so even group of students, I have my own can­ and not only at Rochester but at every 1 cheered for the Splendid Splinter.) didate for obliteration: "academics." university and college I have served. 1 can imagine that some courses - even It would be very interesting to make The claim: "I have learned so much at Rochester-are as off-putting as the a distribution diagram of "academics" more in [named non-curricular activ­ opprobrious "academics" suggest. But in student conversation. Certainly it is ity] than I ever have in class." the term is not being used inductively. a frequently used noun. As far as I can In one sense this claim is not sur­ It is used as an a priori assumption determine it refers to some species of prising. A residential university which embedded in talk. The talk misleads slightly alien being. Students "pay at­ assembles bright and interesting stu­ both actual experience and the mean­ tention to academics" so I assume he/ dents would certainly expect them to ing of education. she/it is something to be wary of like have major memorable experiences in Take a hard case. Take math and sci­ icy patches on the Elmwood Avenue the approximately 150 hours a week ence, perhaps. I suppose anyone can Bridge. Life at the University is a mix­ not in class. What is peculiar is how recognize the sprightliness which poets ture of all sorts of interesting enter­ the claim for the extracurricular is lend to iJife, but physicists? Modern tainments, social opportunities, park­ often intoned with a sort of defiant tri­ science, however, is certainly one of the ing problems, and-oh, yes-there is umph that the real education has only greatest works of the human mind-a always "academics." "Academics" accidental relation to formal instruc­ stunning effort of discipline, imagina­ definitely has something to do with the tion. My first reaction to such claims tion, community, and zeal. To use the University of Rochester since students when intoned triumphally is, "Why poet's phrase, without science we would will refer to "the academics" as some­ did you spend $60,000 for that educa­ have "only a stone's look on a stone's thing that they do during the four tion?" Four years in social service or face." Because of science even the dull years of residence. minor league baseball might produce stone unfolds ages of time and process. What I find so interesting about as enriching a set of social interactions But the damage of "academics" is "academics" is that it refers to a realm as Wilson Commons-with or without not only that it falsely dulls classroom that exists, but exists only, "of course," Genny Night. ardor, it demeans the very non-curric­ recognized as something of a necessary It is fair to note that my student in­ ular life it claims to celebrate. The sub­ afterthought in recaJling the college terlocutors backed off the hard-edged text of "academics" and "everything career. I don't want to be mistaken claim for life-out-of-class. After much else" divides the world into hard work here. Students are obviously serious discussion it was agreed that a lot of (of the mind) and frantic play (out of about "academics"; they worry about that extracurricular value-added oc­ mind). But mindless play can move it and work at it. But, what is curious, curred because of and with the struc­ all too easily from simple spontaneity and cause for linguistic extinction, is turing provided by a class and a stimu­ (continued on page 46) lating teacher. The professor stated

2 Rochester Review/Spring 1988

and articles. Tell us what's going on with the current student body, how campus life Bruce Lansdale has changed, is changing, what famous I read the article on Bruce Lansdale '46 grads are doing. Tell us about the history [Winter 1987-88) with great interest. 1 met LETTERS of the University. What are the campus or­ Bruce in Thessaloniki when I lived in ganizations and the fraternities doing, any­ Athens for three years in the mid '70s. thing new? Go out and find the thousands I also became aware of the recent history TO THE of little anecdotes that make the school live of Thessaloniki. It has a large Jewish pop­ and breathe. Remind us why we love the ulation which was lost during the war. The time we spend at Rochester. Jewish cemetery outside the city was de­ Give us more beef, not bun. stroyed by the German army, and the grave David M. Shein '84 stones were used to pave a road after the Brooklyn, N.Y. war. David W. Bertoni '84 Bruce Lansdale retrieved some of the Editor Arlington, Va. stones and preserved them at the Farm Now that we've moved back from a 36­ School. He did not have to do this, but did to a 48-page format with this issue, we so instinctively. This is just a very small ex­ The Review welcomes letters from read­ hope to be able to provide you with a little ample of Landsale's humanity in contrast ers and will use as many ofthem as space more meat within the bread. Let us know to the gross inhumanity that took place in permits. Letters may be edited for brevity what you think-Editor. Europe not too long ago. and clarity. Albert Barr '56 The word ROCHESTER on the cover San Rafael, Calif. of the Rochester Review/Winter 1987-88 is Revised Review printed in bright blue. I think that Dande­ lion Yellow would have been more appro­ South Africa priate. Re: "The South Africa Issue Comes to Malcolm C. McBride '27 Rochester": E Penfield, N.Y. This anti-apartheid nonsense is one of Dandelion Yellow, you may be assured, the reasons that I do not contribute to the is one ofourfavorite colors. Unfortunate­ University. I invest in S.A. and will con·

1"",-••""ltaIutell ly, when our alumni antecedents picked the tinue to do so. How do you like them ...... M.-.! .-. ,..,." ... ~." shade (unromantically from a cigar band apples? ... - and not the flower, it is said), they didn't Glenn C. Law '47E consider whether it would show up well in Waldorf, Md. type. Actually, our plan for each issue is to print the "Rochester" in a color harmoniz­ ing with the cover design - Editor. Gourmet Ner Man I enjoyed Dan Kimmel's article in the I just read over my Rochester Review and Fall issue [on crossword puzzler Doug ~ .1....:. Iih;: ... was most pleased with everything. Heller '77 and his friend, cartoonist and I have one suggestion to make, as long creator of Ner Man, Gary Fink '77). Dan - ,~~~~ as you are in the mood for a change. How forgot to mention that the Ner Man was I about putting more in about those people also used in restaurant reviews during the who graduated 1930-6O? In the current is­ Spring '77 semester. Paul Green, Kathy \ \ sue, you begin with something in 1949 and Scheuerman, Steve Jaeger, and I would '-' ',' then move immediately to 1961. I can make write reviews of local restaurants and rate quite a case for the activity of graduates in them on a "Galloping Nermet" Ner Man This latest issue was WONDERFUL. the years 1930-60. Sure, some of us are re­ schedule. The article on Susan B. was particularly tired but that doesn't mean we haunt the Leslie Tick '77 enlightening. Ditto on smoking. Really rocking chairs. San Francisco fine. Thank you. A note suggesting info re: trips, change Judging by the clippings Tick sent along, Constance Halik Schaffer '47G of living area, volunteer jobs, etc., should the reviews were mouthwatering, and so Buffalo, N.Y. garner some replies. were the prices. For instance, "Price range: Esther Teller Swamer '40 $2.55-$16 per person, "for dinner at a As Rochester alumni, we read and great­ West Chester, Pa. highly rated 4-Ner restaurant- Editor. ly enjoy the Rochester Review. We are both We are indeed happy to receive such in­ happy with the spirit which instigated the formation and will print all the news about split of the magazine into two separate yourselves that you-all are willing to send Isaac Newton quarterlies: the desire to improve. But we, us-either in the Review or in the new I find the article, "The Price of Genius" and all of the alumni we have contacted, Rochester '88. So keep it coming. Your on Isaac Newton [Summer 1987) to be very agree that the new layout and cover banner classmates are always hungry for word interesting, indeed. It presumably sheds is a step in the wrong direction. The new from you- Editor. some new light on the personal life and the layout of the magazine is not bad; the old personality of Isaac Newton, this great ge­ one was simply better, more dignified, nius in the field of physical science. There calmer, more indicative of the institution are, however, a number of mistakes with re­ of higher learning we love. spect to what Newton knew, or could have If Alumni Relations would like to spend known, at that time. There are also a num­ more money on the Review, please let it ber of apparent insinuations, implications, take the form of more money for research (continued on page 46)