INCORPORATING WINETECH TEGNIES INGELYF 1931 - 2019 | 88 YEARS THE HERITAGE ISSUE

SEPTEMBER 2019 COVER: VINÉA SA FOCUS ON WOOD

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BB_Botrytis_ENG_2 pager_p.indd 2 2019/08/02 12:21 PM 20 HERITAGE ISSUE THE CONTENTS SEPTEMBER 65 TEGNIES WINETECH barrel the reinvents Vinéa 30 sePinotage-pionier Suid-Afrika icon African aSouth Resurrecting Calitzdorp tot Van dieKaap farms wine behind SA’s oldest Stories ná40jaar herdenk SBW-wynplan Rolblaar prof Ontmoet picture bigger the Seeing SA’s fi fore the to wine areas nest ARTICLES Eers vi’ Cheers Supplier Scene Focus onwood (un)usual as Business infl Wine uencer Styfgespan 15 Vloeibaar Opinion 14 13 Diary 12 Indicators 08 Kollig this Picture In Memoriam Editor the from Letter GEREELD 44 40 36 34 26 22 20 18 80 55 46 29 24 16 06 05 04 13 9 22

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30 A WORD FROM WANDA

outh Africa has been famously referred to as “the rainbow nation” because it’s made up of so many diverse cultures and religions. Within South Africa’s borders there are Zulu, Xhosa, Pedi, Tswana, Ndebele, Khoisan, Hindu, Muslim, English and Afrikaans people, to name but a few. We may be different in some respects but we’re all united by the fact we call South Africa home andS contribute to its heritage, identity and culture. Why is heritage important? One of the main reasons is that it reminds us of who we are on a personal level and more generally of our South African culture and identity. Preserving your heritage is also an important nation- building tool and an exciting way of reaching out to young South Africans to encourage national pride. While we were planning this Heritage Issue, I was once again struck by the Cape Winelands’ rich history. Did you know for instance that 300-year-old Twee Jonge Gezellen is one of the oldest farms in the country and a national monument? And that Vergelegen hosted the first American president to visit South Africa? And that Blaauwklippen was owned by mining magnate and politician Cecil John Rhodes for one day? And did you know it was once said the test of a young man’s character is if he ordered a bottle of Meerlust Rubicon on a first date? We also have legends who’re no longer with us, living legends who through their work are making a change, and legends in the making. We pay tribute to our colleague, the late Professor Piet Goussard, we celebrate Professor Gerhard Pietersen whose mission is to fight the leafroll virus and we laugh with the likes of Bennie Howard, Dave Hughes, Duimpie Bayly, Sue Wardrop, Olga Hafner and Dave Johnson, stalwarts who serve the industry We walk back in to this day. We walk back in the footsteps of pioneering wine families and look at the history that shaped iconic wines and the footsteps of grape varieties. How can you not feel inspired by the story of a man who, as a pioneering wine token of his love for his wife, bought her a wine farm for Valentine’s Day? Or when you hear how the son of a wealthy freed slave of families and look West African decent carefully tended his vines and created a legendary brand? at the history that I hope the people and their stories we celebrate in this Heritage shaped iconic wines Issue will make you proud to be a South African. and grape varieties. Until next month.

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ERRATUM On page 30 of our article “Wines for Africa” (August 2019) we stated “South Africa exports more wine to Kenya than to China”. This is incorrect. China currently ranks 11th in volume exports and Kenya is 14th according to SAWIS packaged and bulk wine exports figures (June 2019). We apologise for the error.

4 SEPTEMBER 2019 IN MEMORIAM

PROF PIET OFFICE: t: 021 276 0458 | f: 086 611 7877 e: [email protected] GOUSSARD Laborie et Picardi | Cecilia Street Suider Paarl 7646 PO Box 1411 | Suider Paarl 7624 EDITORIAL TEAM: Wanda Augustyn Carlin Daniels | Jana Loots Johannes Richter Anton Pretorius Die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf neem afskeid van ’n groot VINPRO INDICATORS: Elriza Marcus gees in wingerdkundige kringe ná die afsterwe van prof WINETECH TECHNICAL: Jan Booysen Piet Goussard op 14 Julie. Hy het sy wingerdkundige Karien O’Kennedy | Doronae de Ridder loopbaan in 1971 aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch Anel Andrag se departement vir wingerd- en wynkunde afgeskop waar hy onder andere navorser, dosent en 14 jaar lank CONTRIBUTORS: Emile Joubert departementshoof was. Malu Lambert Hy het in 2014 as professor in wingerdkunde afgetree. Melvyn Minnaar Deur sy volgehoue betrokkenheid in die bedryf en Bernard Mocke meer as 40 jaar aan die universiteit het hy ’n groot rol Tshepang Molisana in wingerdkundige opleiding en navorsing gespeel. As Jeanri-Tine van Zyl-Punt die vader van plantverbetering in Suid-Afrika het hy SUBREDAKTEUR / COPY EDITOR: help verseker dat plaaslike wingerdkwekerye virusvrye Cecilia van Zyl plantmateriaal met behulp van in vitro-metodes kan kweek. “Prof Goussard was ’n briljante akademikus en bekend PRINTING: ABC Press t: 021 534 3210 vir sy baanbrekernavorsing in plantverbetering en -vermeerdering, maar ook geliefd as dosent, mentor, kollega ADVERTISEMENTS: Tania Matthysen en vriend,” sê Nico Spreeth, bestuurshoof van Vititec. “Hy c: 072 132 4120 was saggeaard, met ’n fyn humorsin en was altyd bereid t: 021 276 0458 e: [email protected] om te help waar hy kon.” Prof Goussard het oor die jare talle gewilde artikels en ILLUSTRATIONS: Konrad Brand reekse in Wynboer en WineLand Tegnies gepubliseer. ART DIRECTION: VR Graphics Sy oevre sluit meer as 100 navorsingsartikels en drie t: 021 863 3165 | e: [email protected] publikasies in, waarvan ’n Gids tot Wingerdabnormaliteite DISTRIBUTION: Martina Newman in Suid-Afrika in samewerking met Winetech uitgegee is. PO Box 1411 Suider Paarl 7624 “In hierdie ryk geïllustreerde en omvattende publikasie t: 021 276 0458 | e: [email protected] word die voorkoms van spesifieke verskynsels visueel voorgestel, beskryf en verduidelik wat ’n groot hulp vir leerders, produsente en wingerdkundiges in die Opinions expressed herein are not necessarily algemeen is,” sê Jan Booysen, voormalige uitvoerende those of the editor/publishers; information bestuurder en tans tegniese adviseur by Winetech. is given in good faith and we do not accept “Winetech het groot waardering vir Prof Goussard se responsibility for damage or injury which may bydrae in tegnologieoordrag. Hy het ook op Winetech arise from possible inaccuracies. All rights reserved, none of the contents may be used in se plantverbeteringskomitee gedien waar sy insette vir any other media without the prior consent of navorsers en die Winetech-bestuur van onskatbare the publishers. Published by WineLand Media waarde was.” under the auspices of Vinpro Ltd As entoesiastiese fotograaf het hy ’n versameling foto’s (limited by guarantee). van Suid-Afrikaanse wingerde en druiwe opgebou wat ook sy boeke illustreer. Van sy foto’s is in die Paul van der Byl- gebou op die Universiteit Stellenbosch-kampus te sien. Under the auspices of Hy het verskeie toekennings ontvang, onder andere Groot Constantia se 1659-erepenning tydens die jaarlikse VINPRO wynoesherdenking in Februarie vanjaar, toe dit vir die eerste keer aan ’n wingerdkundige toegeken is. Die erepenning was ’n tydige erkenning van sy groot impak op en blywende nalatenskap in die Suid-Afrikaanse Member of the wynbedryf. Sy kennis en ervaring sal voortleef in die vaste Audit Bureau of grondslag wat hy gedurende sy leeftyd vir die bedryf Circulation of SA gelê het. Bron: Universiteit Stellenbosch, Departement Wingerd en Wynkunde PICTURE THIS • INTERNATIONAL

COUNTRY FOCUS ROMANIA

13th Terroir largest wine producer in The Carpathian Mountains are the world. Romania’s greatest natural gift. A variety of soil compositions form in their foothills, which suit vines well. Autumns are long and 5.1 million gentle, allowing grapes to ripen hectolitres of wine slower, concentrating flavours. produced in 2018. 0.19 million Situated on the same latitude as CHENIN BLANC hectares of planted vineyards Bordeaux, the climate is drier and (8th largest in the world). more continental. PARENTS IDENTIFIED

Speaking at the first-ever Chenin Blanc International Conference that took place in Angers, France in July this year, famous ampelographer Jean-Michel Boursiquot identified both parent varieties of the once WHICH COUNTRY semi-orphaned Chenin Blanc grape. According to Jean-Michel, “Savagnin DRINKS THE married Sauvignonasse to produce Chenin. Upon observation, there are MOST WINE? similarities in the shape of the leaf, and in the shape of the cluster.” The latest figures released by OIV has shown it’s not France or Italy that boast the highest per capita wine consumption. When it comes to guzzling down wine, Chenin Blanc covers 9 700 ha the Portuguese consumed 62 litres in 2018 – a country of 10 million people. in the Loire Valley of France.

“We [South Africa] have a strong wine identity. People who think otherwise are crazy! Our identity is much stronger than Chile or Argentina’s, and US WINE MARKET some would say PROJECTED TO even stronger than RISE FOR 26TH Australia’s.” CONSECUTIVE YEAR

American wine drinkers continue to trade up as upscale labels maintained their momentum last year, according to the recently released The US Wine Market: Shanken’s Impact Databank Review − Lynne Sherriff (MW) and Forecast, 2019. But the total wine market is projected to barely eke out an increase this year, Catch her interview inside. with an estimated gain of just 0.3% to 330 million nine-litre cases. Flip to page [24].

6 SEPTEMBER 2019 PICTURE THIS • DOMESTIC

Sémillon Sémillon was one of the few varietals bought from the southwest of France to South Africa by the French Huguenots around the 1690s. It accounted for more than 90% of the area under wine grape production in the 1820s, but fell out of favour following the Phylloxera epidemic. (SAWIS, 2017)

1 118 Sémillon under vine in South Africa. hectares

of hectares in South Africa under 1.18% Sémillon. Breedekloof (38%) is followed by Stellenbosch (13%) and Paarl (12%).

Sémillon of Sémillon produced in South Africa 15 274 (22% for private cellars and 73% for tonnes cooperatives). For an incredible fourth year running, KWV won the Producer of the Year trophy in the brandy and cognac category at the International Spirit Challenge (ISC). KWV’s master distiller Pieter de Bod (centre right) received the award of vines under Sémillon in South Africa is at Plaisterer’s Hall in London in July. 35% 20 years or older.

-18.7%

E-Bikes are the fastest growing sector in cycling but events have been slow to allow them into races due to a number of restrictions. Luckily, the FNB Wines2Whales Pinotage event (one of three events during the race, the others being Chardonnay and Shiraz) is not In South Africa, the volume of exports for still wine in packaged and bulk decreased bound by such limitations, so this year, e-Bikers are welcome! by 8.7% and 25% respectively for the period July 2018 to July 2019; an overall The Wines2Whales Pinotage event will take place 28-30 October decrease of 18.7% (-82 million litres). In terms of value, total packaged and bulk throughout the Western Cape. exports increased by 2% and decreased by 8% respectively.

Seasoned winemaker Durbanville Hills Nongcebo ‘Noni’ Langa, Lizelle Gerber joins has announced the the newly appointed Nederburg Wines in appointment of head assistant winemaker Paarl as its new cellar chef Tamzyn Ehlers. at Delheim Estate in master. “Lizelle brings Tamzyn will take the Stellenbosch, heads an impressive set lead in continuing to California for an In July, Prof Benedict Oramah, president of the African Export-Import of innate talent and the restaurant’s internship at the family- Bank (Afreximbank) addressed the 12th Extraordinary Summit of creative, as well as list of accolades owned Dry Creek. African Union (AU) Heads of State, announcing a series of initatives practical knowledge over the past six “Empowering our staff to support the implementation of the Agreement for the African and experience years, including Top and helping them Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). Afreximbank instituted a to the position of Restaurant for the improve their skills has $1 billion (R14.30 billion) AfCFTA adjustment facility to enable cellar master,” says Haute Grandeur Global always been a priority countries to adjust in an orderly manner to sudden signifi cant tariff Nederburg MD Niël Restaurant Awards close to our hearts,” says Victor Sperling of revenue losses as a result of the implementation of the agreement. Groenewald. 2019. Delheim.

SEPTEMBER 2019 7 SPOTLIGHT

The Secrets of Sauvignon Collection DRAAI VAN DIE SEISOEN box with its three wines. De Krans staan bekend vir hul port- styl wyne, maar die afgelope tyd kom daar ook Portugese stilwyne uit hul kelder. A Twist of Fate is ’n versnit wat bestaan uit twee Portugese variëteite, Tinta Barocca en Tinta Amarela. Die wyn se naam verwys na die oorsprong van Calitzdorp se bekende port-styl wyne in 1973, toe die eerste Portugese druiwe per ongeluk aangeplant is. Die variëteite word saam geoes en slegs vry afloop word gebruik wat sorg vir ’n ligter versnit en ’n ideale braaiwyn vir nasionale erfenisdag. A Twist of Fate is landwyd beskikbaar teen R92 per bottel.

SECRETS OF SAUVIGNON REVEALED Two years ago, Black Oystercatcher Wines winemaker NEW RED FROM and founder Dirk Human decided to put the relationship FRANSCHHOEK ESTATE between wine and terroir to the test. He hand-selected Grande Provence Heritage Wine Estate has grapes from three different soil types in the Black released its new Angels Tears Red. It’s an Oystercatcher vineyard and vinified them in the same way. accessible blend of Merlot and Cabernet The aim of the project, dubbed the Secrets of Sauvignon, Sauvignon along with choice amounts of Petit was to understand how the various components and Verdot and Shiraz, all harvested from the complexities of white quartzite, iron ferricrete (koffieklip) Grande Provence vineyards in Franschhoek. and broken shale are expressed in Black Oystercatcher’s The Angels Tears Red 2018 is available from Sauvignon Blanc. major retail stores such as Makro, Pick n Pay The recently launched Secrets of Sauvignon and Spar, and the Grande Provence cellar door Collection, comprising 50 cases of the three wines, is only where it costs R69 a bottle. The wine can also available from select outlets or the Black Oystercatcher be bought online from shop.grandeprovence. tasting room and online shop. For more info, go to co.za. Join the Grande Provence Wine Club for blackoystercatcher.co.za or send an email to Heather special deals and free delivery. D’Alton at [email protected].

In partnership with waste beneficiation and implementation partner Separation at Source (S@S), Distell has launched GreenUp, a community change initiative focused on a cleaner environment. The initiative helps create effective value chains in the collection, separation and processing of recyclable postconsumer waste in Khayelitsha near Cape Town. DISTELL DOES “The broad aim of this exciting project is for Distell to further ITS BIT FOR align its operational activities with its sustainability objectives,” ENVIRONMENT Distell sustainability manager and GreenUp project sponsor Eric Leong Son says. The programme helps create sustainable income streams for environmental assistants (waste pickers) in Khayelitsha. GreenUp will ultimately create at least 200 sustainable income streams and registered suppliers with recyclable waste buy-back centres (BBCs), Eric says. For more info, GreenUp environmental assistant Basie Nkumanda. go to distell.co.za or follow @DistellGroup on social media.

KLEIN-KAROO TRAKTEER WYNAANKOPERS Plaaslike wynaankopers is onlangs deur wynmakers in die Klein-Karoo genooi om die streek se jongwyne uit hierdie jaar se oes te kom proe. Wynmakers het hul wyne by die geleentheid uitgestal en indrukke oor die afgelope parsseisoen gedeel terwyl hulle met die wynaankopers oor die nuutste verbruikersneigings en komende produkte gesels het. Middagete is by Die Stal in Montagu geniet waar kos en wyn uit die omgewing voorgesit is. Vir meer inligting oor die Klein-Karoo-wynstreek en sy wyne, gaan na kleinkaroowines.co.za.

8 SEPTEMBER 2019 KOLLIG

WINDFALL HELPS SHARE PROSPERITY In the Agterkliphoogte Valley near Robertson CELEBRATING lies Windfall, a small boutique farm so SPRING IN named because of STYLE the mist cascading down the surrounding mountainsides. In 2015, Windfall launched a new wine with a fascinating story. Kibali Nicolas Feuillatte Champagne, the top-selling Champagne is a blend of Cabernet in France and third biggest Champagne brand in the Sauvignon, Shiraz, IN PAS MET PINOTAGE world, has unveiled the Réserve Exclusive Brut Rosé’s Mourvèdre and Grenache. Delheim, aan die voet van die spring edition. Inspired by the famous Sakura (cherry A portion of the wine sales Simonsberg, was in die 1960’s blossom) season in Japan, pink petals set against a clear goes to the Nos Vies en Partage een van die eerste Pinotage- blue sky adorn the label, making the rosé a celebration of Foundation, an independent produsente en hierdie tradisie life inside and out. The Nicolas Feuillatte Sakura Edition charity established by Randgold word vandag nog voortgesit Réserve Exclusive Brut Rosé costs about R780 a bottle. Resources for humanitarian met die bekendstelling van work in Africa. Kibali gets its name from the Kibali Gold Mine die nuwe oesjare Pinotage en REFINEMENT, ELEGANCE AND BALANCE Pinotage Rosé. Roelof Lotriet in the Democratic Republic Tokara Cabernet Sauvignon 2015 is a blend het in Desember verlede of Congo. It was going to be a of the estate’s diverse Cabernet Sauvignon jaar by Delheim aangesluit once-off project to honour the vineyards and a quintessential expression as keldermeester ná successful commissioning of the of Tokara’s terroir. “Cabernet Sauvignon ondervinding by Stellenbosch mine within budget and ahead of has been the original focus variety se top-boetiekkelders en schedule. The successful private since the first Tokara harvest in 2000,” ’n seisoen in Bordeaux, sale of the original celebratory Tokara general manager Karl Lambour Frankryk. “Die 2019-seisoen bottle prompted Windfall Wines says. “Today the estate’s interpretation was een van die koudste, to launch this wine as an official of this variety incorporates two singular wat dus ideale toestande addition to its award-winning expressions: a flagship blend and a geskep het om rosé te maak,” wines. Nos Vies en Partage, which pinnacle cuvée. These wines are true sê hy. Die wyn se gewildheid is French for “sharing prosperity”, renditions of their terroir and everything is deels toe te skryf aan sy helps with social development in the estate stands for – refinement, elegance veganis-vriendelikheid. Net Africa by relieving poverty and and balance.” groenteproteïne word gebruik promoting education and primary In his 2018 report Tim Atkin singled out om die sap en wyn te suiwer. healthcare, with a particular focus the top Cabs from the 2015 vintage as wines Die Pinotage Rosé 2019 kos on women and children. For more of the year and says Tokara Cabernet Sauvignon 2015 R85 per bottel en die Delheim info follow @WindfallWine on stands in this fine tradition. The wine cost R120 a bottle Pinotage 2017 ongeveer R150 social media or go to at the cellar door and is also available at leading stores per bottel. windfallwine.co.za. countrywide or online at tokara.com.

LOCAL ARTISTS CELEBRATED MCGREGOR SE WYNE BLOM The winners of the 2019 Tollman Bouchard Finlayson Die dorpie McGregor, aan die voet van die Riviersonderendberge, Art Award were announced at the annual Hermanus is die tuiste van McGregor Winery. Die kelder is die grootste in die FynArts Festival. The Tollman family, owners of McGregor- wyn-van-oorsprong-skema met 22 produsente wat druiwe Bouchard Finlayson, has long been a patron of the uit drie verskillende valleie voorsien vir die produksie van meer as arts in South Africa and for the sixth consecutive year 10 miljoen liter wyn per jaar. Dit is ideaal geleë om die omgewing sponsored this national competition with a first prize se besondere terroirs vir ’n wye mark beskikbaar te stel. Met of R20 000, second prize of R10 000, and two merit hierdie oogmerk het McGregor Winery ’n nuwe reeks leefstylwyne prizes of R5 000 each. This year Neeske Alexander bekendgestel wat elk ’n walked off with the first prize for his watercolour blomsoort uit die omgewing artwork. Karen Grove came second, and Natasha verteenwoordig: die wit Brown and Terrence versnit Delicious Monster, Howahowa each Golden Shower Chardonnay, received a merit award. Blushing Bride rosé, die The artworks of the rooi versnit Falling Star en winners and other Morning Glory Shiraz. Vir finalists are on display meer inligting bel Suzanne and for sale at the Coetzee by 021 883 3617 Bouchard Finlayson of 082 578 6821 of gaan na wine cellar. mcgregorwinery.co.za.

SEPTEMBER 2019 9 SPOTLIGHT

ALTIMA STRIKES BLACK GOLD Anthonij Rupert Wines in Franschhoek is the first wine farm in South Africa to cultivate and produce black Perigord truffles or culinary black gold. These quality truffles are grown at their Altima farm near Villiersdorp, where the cool climate is perfectly suited for the cultivation of this rare delicacy known for enhancing the flavour of many dishes. Oak tree roots were inoculated with truffle spores and planted in 2010. Working closely with her specially trained Lagotto Romagnolo dogs, truffle hunter or trufelau Hanene van Dyk learnt her craft in Piedmont, Italy. The estate offers a select range of truffle products at its Terra del Capo tasting room, weekly lunches during truffle season and organised truffle hunts at Altima. For more info, send an email to [email protected] or call 021 874 9041.

MUMM ADDS EXTRA SPARKLE TO JULY

Official Vodacom Durban July sponsor GH Mumm kicked off its #PaintTheTownRed weekend experience in July with lessons on sabrage techniques. The event was MCed by South African star Minnie Dlamini-Jones. This year the Mumm Squad included friends of the brand Nomuzi Mabena, DJ PH and fashionista Loot Love. GH Mumm is a brand by French-based Pernod Ricard which has 86 affiliate operations around the globe. The company, which has a consumer-centric approach to doing business in local markets, has been building brands in South Africa for more than 25 years.

KWV CARMÉNÈRE FINEST IN CLASS KWV has added a limited-edition Carménère to its award-winning The Mentors wine range. Numbered bottles of The Mentors Carménère 2017 add up to less than 1 000 litres. The wine joins one of South Africa’s most awarded ranges, reserved for the finest in class. The Mentors range was established to showcase South Africa’s diverse terroir through strict selection and the application of the best viticultural and oenological practices at a dedicated cellar. Sporting the range’s new packaging, The Mentors Carménère 2017 is a tribute to the art of winemaking. KWV wines are available at stores countrywide or online at shopsawine.co.za/kwv/24-shop- for-wine. THE WORLD' S LARGEST TRADE FAIR DEDICATED TO THE BULK WINE BUSINESS WBWE SET FOR QUALITY BULK WINE BOOM he 11th World Bulk Wine Exhibition (WBWE) will be held at Amsterdam’s RAI from 2-3 December. The annual T event opens new opportunities for all professionals in the wine sector. Whether you’re in a large, medium-sized or small business, the WBWE provides business opportunities adapted to the needs of the entire sector, from the largest global operations to small transactions for extremely high-quality bulk wine for private labels or blends. In the past 10 years the bulk wine market has shifted from being an industry solely for brokers and large producers to providing an effi cient business strategy for small and medium-sized wineries. More than 6 000 professionals from 60 countries gather every year in Amsterdam to boost the constantly growing business bulk wine trade. This year delegates can expect to fi nd importers who are on the lookout for the best quality bulk wine, local varieties, new packaging methods, and alternatives for young consumers. 2/3 DECEMBER 2019 HALL 2&3 AMSTERDAM RAI [email protected] For more info, go to worldbulkwine.com.

LEGENDARY GARDENING SEPTEMBER 2019 IS IN HIS

blood “I like to scheme. When I’m driving around in my bakkie, I’m constantly thinking about my next plan …”

GIDEON VAN ZYL, GRAPE PRODUCER

Gideon van Zyl, grape producer and winemaker near Vredendal, claims to be a direct descendant of Willem van Zijl, a legendary gardener and farmer for the VOC (Dutch East India Company) who led a petition against the then-governor of the Cape Colony, Willem Adriaan van der Stel. “I like to scheme. When I’m driving around in my bakkie, I’m constantly thinking about my next plan,” says Gideon, who not only produces grapes, but also dabbles in cucumbers. Gideon says if the animal kingdom ever rises up to take over the world, the Meerkat would make an excellent president. He also claims to be a ‘Yes Man’ (can’t say no …) and is an avid angler who prefers fishing for snoek from his ski-boat named ‘Komasu’. “My definition of paradise is peace, freedom and security.”

SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY SUNDAY MONDAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Seugnét Rossouw Int. Drive Your Int. Talk like a Heritage Day birthday Studebaker Day Pirate Day INDUSTRY INDICATORS

WESTERN CAPE DAM LEVELS SNAPSHOT OVERVIEW August 2018 2019 YoY Level % 51% 61% 10.5%

BRENT CRUDE OIL ($)

August 2018 2019 YoY $/Barrel 72.39 60.50 -16%

FUEL PRICES (COAST)

August 2018 2019 YoY Unleaded 95 (R/Liter) 15.44 15.28 -1.0% Diesel 0.05% (R/Liter) 13.92 13.79 -0.9%

EXCHANGE RATE

TOP SA PACKAGED EXPORTS August 2018 2019 YoY (JULY ’17 - JUN ’18 TO JULY ’18 - JUN ’19): R/GBP 17.42 17.56 1% Largest YOY decreases (July ‘18 to July ‘19) in the R/Euro 15.52 16.02 3% volume of exports to Germany (-20%) and Denmark R/Dollar 13.28 14.49 9% (-27%). The United Kingdom and Netherlands also DOMESTIC WINE SALES experienced decreases in exports by -7% and -6%, respectively. 12 Months Million Litres Jun ’17 - Jun ’18 - % The value of packaged exports for these two May ’18 May ’19 countries however increased by 0.3% (United Wholesale 237 226 -5% Kingdom) and 3% (The Netherlands). Private Cellars 56 54 -4% Producer Cellars 109 104 -5% Total 403 384 -5%

EXPORTS

12 Months Million Litres Jul ’17 - Jul ’18 - % Jun ’18 Jun ’19 Packaged 173 154 -11% Bulk 272 204 -25% Total 445 358 -20%

TOP SA EXPORT COUNTRIES

Bulk & Packaged Jul ’17 - Jul ’18 - % (Million Litres) Jun ’18 Jun ’19 TOP SA BULK EXPORTS United Kingdom 106 93 -12% (JULY ’17 - JUN ’18 TO JULY ’18 - JUN ’19): Germany 94 74 -21% The United Kingdom and Denmark both experienced The Netherlands 23 21 -9% decreases in volume, but increases in the value of France 28 20 -30% bulk exports. Sweden 20 19 -7% Denmark 21 18 -13% The value of bulk exports to the United Kingdom Canada 23 15 -37% decreased by -15% in volume, but increased by Russia 24 15 -39% +7% in value. While the value of bulk exports to Belgium 11 11 7% Denmark decreased by -6% in volume, but increased USA 14 11 -24% by +8% in value. China 15 9 -43% Finland 5 6 19% United Arab Emirates 4 5 25% Kenya 5 4 -15% Switzerland 5 4 -18%

Sources: AA/DWAF/OANDA/NASDAQ/SAWIS www.vinpro.co.za

12 SEPTEMBER 2019 DAGBOEK • DIARY

NAMAQUALAND FLOWER FESTIVAL Enjoy an exciting three-day nature adventure including trail exploring, and dancing and singing under the stars. If you love the outdoors, this is a 6-8perfect way to welcome spring and a great opportunity to meet like- minded people. Tickets cost from R750-R875 each. For more info, go to namaqualandflowerfestival.co.za or call 021 465 2152.

FRANSCHHOEK UNCORKED FESTIVAL It’s time to say goodbye to winter. Spend a weekend tasting various wineries’ new releases and enjoying 14-15fresh country air. As you hop from one farm to the next, you can indulge in good wine and amazing food while listening to live music. Book at webtickets.co.za. Prebooked tickets cost R180 each and tickets sold at the door of participating farms cost R200 each.

WINE & FOOD TOURISM CONFERENCE Returning for the fourth year to Spier, Stellenbosch, the THE CHOCOLATE FESTIVAL theme for this year’s Wine & Food Tourism Conference is This is chocolate heaven for those with a sweet tooth. the future of wine and tourism. The information-packed To keep the balance, the festival, which is held at 18conference includes a panel discussion with international speakers on The Woodmill, Stellenbosch, also offers non-chocolate options. the future of the industry, from products to technology. For more info, 1With entertainment for kids, live music and wine, the festival is a great go to wineandfood.co.za. day out for the entire family. Tickets cost R180 each and include a goodie bag. Book at webtickets.co.za. DIEMERSFONTEIN PINOTAGE ON TAP This event with live music and entertainment is SOWETO WINE & LIFESTYLE FESTIVAL dedicated to celebrate the estate’s award-winning The jam-packed 14th edition of this festival provides Pinotage. Tickets cost R295 each. Book at Quicket.co.za. an opportunity to meet winemakers, taste wines from 28 across the world, discover top travel destinations and 6-8sample delicious food at MasterChef live demos. Tickets are available at the door or at webtickets.co.za.

SING! CHOIR EXTRAVAGANZA HERMANUS WINE & FOOD FESTIVAL Music lovers can enjoy a world-class choral music experience Indulge in some of your favourite food and at the Grand Arena at GrandWest in Cape Town with four wine at this two-day festival that’s rated one of South Africa’s top choirs, including the Ndlovu Youth of South Africa’s top-10 wine festivals. 7Choir, whose America’s Got Talent performance was a viral Internet 28-29This is an opportunity to taste various wines from the past two years, sensation. Tickets are available at Computicket at R200 to R350 meet the winemakers and enjoy delicious fare. There’s something for per person. For more information, visit singsa.co.za, chat with the whole family, including entertainment for kids. For more info, #singchoirSA, or contact Agri-Expo on 021 975 4440 or send an email to [email protected] or go to [email protected]. hermanuswineandfood.co.za.

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WHY I WANT YOU TO GET MAD BY JEANRI-TINE VAN ZYL-PUNT

he results of this year’s Old Mutual Trophy Wine Show were announced in June. “There are too few new plantings,” The show is a celebration of Willie says. “There isn’t money to replant and South Africa’s best and the results are a fair reflection wine prices are too low.” of the quality of South Africa’s wines. TOne wine with a spectacular pedigree most expensive land in the country, there are success stories and incredible stood out. Made from 34-year-old which makes farming profitably projects are being rolled out, the fight is vines, Mulderbosch Single Vineyard especially challenging. Add to this the far from over. Chenin Blanc Block A 2017 collected alarmingly high presence of leafroll Mulderbosch sales and marketing all the trophies it possibly could. It was virus and the associated capital manager Sean Griffiths says we all have awarded the Harold Eedes Trophy investment needed to replant vineyards a collective responsibility to protect old for Best Chenin Blanc, the Old Mutual with new vines (which most wine farms vines. And I agree. But in this hierarchy International Judges’ Trophy and the Old and grape growers can’t afford), then a of needs, the heritage of our industry Mutual Trophy for Best White Wine. picture of an industry in crisis starts to needs to be secured first. Commenting Yet Mulderbosch announced this crystallise. on the Old Vine Project, award-winning success will likely be one of the last for “There are too few new plantings,” business editor Richard Siddle refers to this particular wine. “Vintage 2018 will Willie says. “There isn’t money to local economic studies that estimate a be the last bottled under the award- replant and wine prices are too low.” wine farm needs to make R40 000- winning Block A Single Vineyard Chenin Statistics to support Willie’s opinion R60 000/ha, per vintage, to be Blanc label, as this particular vineyard are ample and frightening. According sustainable, which means making was uprooted by the new owner of the to Vinpro, 37% of grape growers are wine that sells at R300 a bottle at least. land in order to plant red grapes.” currently operating at a loss, while Statistics show that 84% of wine in South Underlying this announcement was a SAWIS figures show the number of Africa is sold for less than R35 a bottle. far bigger declaration about an industry growers dwindling at an alarming rate. This is not an industry that’s valued. in distress. Reading it, I was reminded Speaking at the WineLand Adams & We need to be prepared to reactivate of the famous opening line in Howard Adams seminar, Kleine Zalze marketing the economic viability of our winelands, Beale’s speech in the 1967 movie manager Anthony van Schalkwyk said collectively and steadily. This move Network: “We know things are bad – South Africa had lost about 1 000 wine could start with an industry that values worse than bad. They’re crazy.” grape growers and 7 000 ha of vines in itself more and wine and grape pricing Mulderbosch Single Vineyard Chenin the past decade. His was an even more to match. There are no simple solutions. Blanc Block A provided a glimpse of cautionary tale: It’s not just old vines that exactly how bad things are in the wine are disappearing – our industry as we Maybe we should take our cue from industry. The story started with a block know it is in decline. So it’s little wonder Beale’s famous speech. “I don’t want of old, Montpellier cloned vines, a that even established wine farms with a you to protest,” he says. “You’ve got to clone largely considered commercially long family heritage are looking to sell say ‘I’m mad as hell, and I’m not gonna extinct that Mulderbosch secured “at out to international consortiums. take this anymore’ then we’ll figure out a premium” from Eikenhof Vineyard Despite the success of the Old Vine what to do about the depression and the grape grower Deon Joubert. Last year Project, one must ask whether its inflation and the oil crisis. But first, get the portion of land on which the old protective mechanisms are sufficient up out of your chairs, open the window, vines grew was sold to new owner Willie to withstand the pressure of these stick your head out, and yell, and say it: Joubert, who announced he’d replanted socioeconomic bulldozers. It’s a ‘I’m as mad as hell, and I’m not gonna this portion to make it more profitable. tightrope Rosa Kruger, the driving force take this anymore!’ It’s a story that’s a reflection of our behind the Old Vine Project, and her Someone has to listen. Our heritage times. Grape growers farm some of the team must walk every day. Although depends on it. w

14 SEPTEMBER 2019 VLOEIBAAR

BORDEAUX VERS(N)IT GRENSE DEUR EMILE JOUBERT

it is toe wragtig die Franse wat Bordeaux die groen lig gegee het vir – die hemel behoed ons – Boergondië. besluit die reëls en regulasies wynboere wat “vreemde” variëteite wil Die vooruitsig van Verdelho as kultivar van die wynbedryf is nie plant. Die redes is dat verwarming van in die Côtes de Beaune sal menige onaantasbaar nie. En nie die streek allerhande probleme skep wynpuris se keel op die plek laat toetrek. net sommer die Franse nie, met die inperking van alkoholvlakke, Maar die impak van wat nou maar weliswaar die wyse veral by Merlot wat die gebied se mees in Bordeaux aan die gang is, kan ringkoppe wat aan beheer staan van aangeplante druifsoort is. Daar word ook wêreldwyd gevoel word. Hier in Suid- Ddie wingerde en wyne van Bordeaux, gehoop dat die nuwe, vars bloed in die Afrika het daar die afgelope 15 of wat waarskynlik die wêreld se roemrykste wingerd minder vatbaar vir siektes soos jaar ’n verfrissend puriteinse houding wynstreek. veral donsskimmel sal wees. ontstaan teenoor die belang van terroir In Junie vanjaar word uit daardie Sewe nuwe druifsoorte word vir en wingerdligging, en die oortuiging geweste aangekondig Bordeaux Bordeaux voorgestel, naamlik Marselan, dat die “regte druiwe op die regte plek” staan reg om die aanplant van nuwe Castets, Arinaronoa en die meer moet wees om die regte en beste wyn druifkultivars in sy heilige gebied te bekende Touriga Naçional aan die rooi van te maak. Hoewel niemand verhoed verwelkom. Die plaaslike wynsindikaat, kant. Wat wit betref, staan Bordeaux is om Pinot Noir in die Swartland en Le Syndicat Viticole des AOC Bordeaux gereed om Petit Mansang, Liliorila en Colombard in die Hemel-en-Aarde- & Bordeaux Supérieur, het goedkeuring Alvarinho te verwelkom. vallei te plant nie, word passievolle verleen aan die bekendstelling van Ten tyde van die skryf hiervan moes pleidooie gemaak vir ’n bedryf waar sewe druifsoorte wat tot nou toe nog nie die aardskuddende voorstel nog deur die verband tussen terroir en kultivar in hierdie gebied se bekende klei- en die Institut national de l’origine et de la minstens erken word as ’n belangrike gruisgrond gestaan het nie. qualité (INAO) goedgekeur word – dis element om die land se wynaanbieding Soos almal met ’n basiese kennis van nou die Franse organisasie wat die eg en van ’n premiegehalte te maak. Franse wyne weet, word Bordeaux se land se bekende Appellation d’Origine Daar is ook pogings om Suid-Afrika se wynbedryf met ’n gebalde ystervuis Contrôlée (AOC) beheer. Die AOC is beeld as wynland in ’n hoër posisie te gereguleer. Rooiwyne word gemaak van Frankryk se bekende rigtingwyser plaas as waaraan die res van die wêreld Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet wat die egtheid van wyn en ander gewoond geraak het. Franc, Petit Verdot en Malbec, met hier landbouprodukte se plek van oorsprong Die maatstaf vir hierdie verdienstelike en daar ’n knerts Carménère. Aan die bepaal en sorg dat jy byvoorbeeld nie versoeke is natuurlik die wynstreke wit kant, aansienlik in die minderheid, Cognac in Provence of Roquefort buite van Frankryk wat oor honderde is dit hoofsaaklik Sémillon en Sauvignon sy streek van oorsprong mag maak nie. jare se gepynigde en deeglike Blanc, met hier en daar ’n paar druppels Word Bordeaux se voorstel eksperimentering, asook dogmatiese Muscadelle. finaal goedgekeur, wat glo net ’n toewyding, die boek geskryf het oor Hierdie afdwing van toegelate rubberstempel verg, kan die sewe nuwe wingerd, kultivar terroir en wyn. druifsoorte word, saam met die druifsoorte volgende jaar reeds geplant Maar hoe dan nou? afbakening van die gebied in streke en word. Tot nou toe bepaal die voorstel As hierdie golf opbou en eeue oue kommunes wat die gehalte, styl en prys dat produsente nie meer as 5% van hul wyngrense met nuwe kultivars oorsteek van Bordeaux se gesogte wyne bepaal, wingerd aan die nuwe kultivars mag word, gaan dit nie net die aard van die wêreldwyd gebruik om die belang van afstaan nie. En slegs 10% van die finale hele wynbedryf verander nie, maar terroir en die regte adres te beklemtoon. wyn mag bestaan uit wyn gemaak van ook die denke agter en die benadering Die Franse se neerkyk op enige wynland hierdie variëteite wat, vir nou eers, as tot wynmaak en wynwaardering in sy buite sy eie grense is grootliks gelei nie-tradisioneel beskryf kan word. geheel. ’n Benadering van “anything deur hul geloof dat die wynreëls en Maar as die resultate positief vir goes” gaan die wese van wyn totaal -regulasies wat hulle in Bordeaux, Bordeaux is, waarvan 110 000 ha onder en al verander en dit ontneem van sy Boergondië en Champagne – om ’n wingerd staan, kan jy maar jou laaste verdiende status as die beskaafdste paar streke te noem – dekades gelede padda-boud daarop verwed dat die uitvloeisel vanuit die aarde. neergelê het, van hulle die gekose leiers sluise verder sal oopskop. Nie net om Dis hier waar my beperkte snob-faktor op die gebied van wyn maak (moeilik die toegelate aanplantings van anderste en nog meer beperkte Frans my wil om tans hierteen te stry). druiwe uit te brei in Bordeaux self nie, noop om “non!” te roep. En in elk geval, Vanjaar sal dus ’n geskiedkundige maar ook in ander gevleuelde Franse wie wil ’n Stellenbosse Bordeaux-versnit jaar wees, want 2019 is die jaar dat streke soos Champagne, die Loire en met Touriga Naçional daarin hê? w

SEPTEMBER 2019 15 STYFGESPAN

In die tweede laaste afl ewering van ons wingerdreeks, Styf Gespan, word daar aangeklop by drie produsente in die Olifantsrivierstreek. Kwaliteit begin inderdaad in die wingerd en hulle vertel hoe ’n mens met goeie wingerboupraktyke en gepaste terroir die beste wyn kan maak wat plaaslik en internasionaal uitblink. STYFGESPAN DEUR BERNARD MOCKE (DEEL 5)

FRYER’S COVE VINEYARDS “Alhoewel ons stukkie wingerd hier naby Strandfontein deel van die Olifantsrivierstreek is, maak ons nabyheid aan die see ons anders,” vertel Derick Koegelenberg, wynmaker by Fryer’s Cove Vineyards. “Dit gee ons soutneerslae op ons blare en trosse wat ’n uitdaging kan wees, maar dit gee ons wyne ’n mineraalkomponent wat dit beslis eiesoortig en eksklusief maak. Ook het die besondere klimaat wat Hierdie 18-jarige Sauvignon Blanc-blok van Fryer’s Cove Vineyards staan nou wel op die see skep ’n groot kwaliteitsinvloed sandgrond met ’n mooi kalklaag in die ondergrond, maar die deurslaggewende kwaliteitsfaktor bly die see wat in die agtergrond gesien kan word. op ons druiwe in terme van chemie en geurprofi el. Die twee kultivars wat besonder goed by ons presteer, is dat druiweprodusente in die meeste kultivars soos Cabernet Sauvignon en Sauvignon Blanc en Pinot Noir. Albei gevalle nie by die wynmaakproses of Shiraz wat laat ryp word en daarom kultivars maak uitsonderlike wyne die bemarking van wyn betrokke is sê ek altyd druiwe word hier deur en daarom is dit belangrik om die nie, is ’n groot probleem. Dit maak hulle tyd rypgemaak en nie deur son nie. wingerdkomponent optimaal te bestuur grootmaatprodusente wat nie werklik op Dit is wonderlik om druiwe te hê wat om ’n gesonde wyn te maak en dan tot ’n kwaliteit gefokus is nie.” fi siologies ryp is, maar sonder die mal topwyn te ontwikkel.” Hy laat ook nie op hom wag wanneer alkohole wat ’n mens soms in Suid-Afrika Iets wat talle plaaslike produsente dit kom by werskaf in die wingerd kry. opdraande gee, is die optimale nie. “Hoëdigtheidaanplantings is ’n “Wat die wingerd betref, is ons met veroudering van witwyn, veral Sauvignon fokus vir Stellar. Ons glo dat minder groot heraanplanting besig. Die grootste Blanc. Maar kan ’n mens al in die wingerd druiwe per stok vir ons ’n positiewe fout wat ons destyds gemaak het, was die begin om ’n wyn se verouderingsvermoë bydrae tot kwaliteit gee. Dit help aanplanting van swak wingerdmateriaal, te beïnvloed? “Dit klink dalk soos ’n ook om die leeftyd van die stok te vernaam rooi kultivars, maar ons wis cliché, maar volgens my het terrior die verleng. Ek glo ’n wingerdstok kan net hierdie problem stelselmatig uit deur die grootste invloed,” sê Derick. “Omdat ons ’n sekere hoeveelheid kilogram druiwe bes moontlike materiaal aan te plant. Ons so naby aan die see is, het ons ’n baie in sy leeftyd produseer. Wat betref belê ook in goeie grondvoorbereiding koel, gematigde klimaat. Dit bring mee dat besproeiing is ons ernstig besig om so aangesien ons skaliegrond het wat ons van nature hoë sure kry en gevolglik ver moontlik die volle oppervlak nat probleme met dreinering kan gee. mooi lae pH’s. Met minimale inmenging te maak en nie meer slegs die bankies Goeie dreinering help geweldig baie om in die kelder hoef ons nooit ons sure aan met druppers nie. Grondvogmeters wortelsiektes te bekamp. te pas nie en dit maak dat ons Sauvignon en ’n drukbom word ook in “Die verandering van ryrigting sodat Blanc baie goed kan verouder. Of eintlik kombinasie gebruik om optimale rye so ver as moontlik saam met die móét verouder sodat die wyn tot sy volle besproeiingspraktyke vir kwaliteit te wind loop, help ook baie met afkoeling potensiaal kan kom.” bepaal.” en om meer oggendson vir die rooi STELLAR WINERY kultivars te gee. Ons het die hoogste Stellar Winery se wynmaker, Klaas CEDERBERG WINES wingerde in die Wes-Kaap, so ryp moet Coetzee, vertel die Olifantsrivierstreek David Nieuwoudt, eienaar en ook bekamp word. Nuwe aanplantings is lank en smal, en strek van wynmaker van Cederberg Wines, is toegerus met ’n oorhoofse fl ipper- Citrusdal tot by Koekenaap, wat dit beaam die Olifantsrivierstreek het baie sisteem wat ’n fyn mis oor die wingerd baie diversiteit in terme van terroir uiteenlopende wingerdbougebiede. “Een sproei. Ons beplan ook om vanjaar gee. “Maar die beskikbaarheid van van die baie positiewe aspekte van waar en volgende jaar ’n paar rypwaaiers water bly maar ’n uitdaging,” sê hy. ons wingerd geleë is, is die groot verskil te koop. In die laerliggende dele, wat “Produsente verbou dus ook ander tussen die dag- en nagtemperatuur. geneig is om te ryp, beweeg ons oor gewasse en die fokus word geplaas op Daar kan ’n verskil van 20-22 °C wees na die Guyot-stelsel en ons hou hierdie gewasse wat in ’n spesifi eke seisoen wat talle wingerdboukundige voordele wingerde fyn dop om te sien wat die die meeste geld sal inbring. Die feit inhou. Een is die geskiktheid vir uitwerking sal wees.” w

16 SEPTEMBER 2019 INTERNATIONAL ENOLOGICAL AND BOTTLING EQUIPMENT EXHIBITION

LEADER IN WINE & BEVERAGE TECHNOLOGY

ORGANIZED BY 28th EDITION 19th-22nd November 2019 Fiera Milano (Rho)

[email protected] / simei.it PROMOTIONAL ARTICLE

The full results are available on the website www.terroir- SA’S FINEST wineawards.co.za WINE AREAS TO THE FORE

wines from a ward or district not divided Chenin Blanc and Merlot categories, The Novare SA into more than one ward, may participate. namely the Doolhof Riviersteen Chenin Terroir Wine Bon Courage Estate’s specific winners Blanc 2017 and Doolhof Signature Single were Bon Courage André’s Fame Vineyard Merlot 2017. The Riviersteen Awards honours the wines Colombard 2019, Bon Courage Jacques Chenin Blanc 2017 received the Novare Bruére Blanc Cap Classique 2011 and Trophy for SA Terroir Top Single- which truly expresses Bon Courage Lady of the House Pinotage Vineyard Wine. the ineffable ‘Terroir’ of rosé 2019. Several other wines from Bon Another two wineries achieved two Courage – situated in the Goedemoed national winners, Ormonde in Darling South Africa’s unique and Ward in Robertson – also scored top and Neethlingshof Estate in Stellenbosch. points, resulting in this estate being Ormonde’s two national winners are the different wine-growing awarded both the Novare trophies for Ondine Grenache 2016 and Ormonde regions. This year’s Top Wine Estate and for Top Terroir Chip off the Old Block Shiraz 2015. Producer. Neethlingshof’s two national winners edition was another Its three national winners and two are the Neethlingshof Gewürztraminer other national winners entered by 2019 and Neethlingshof The Short Story prestigious affair at Anura cellars in the neighbouring Klaasvoogds Collection: The Maria Weisser Riesling Vineyards in Klapmuts. ward – Kranskop Tannat 2017 and Noble Late Harvest 2017. Rietvallei JMB Cabernet Franc 2014 The rest of the National Winners BY ANTON PRETORIUS – resulted in the Klaasvoogds- and are Anura Petit Verdot Reserve 2013, Goedemoed wine areas in the Robertson Baleia Sauvignon Blanc 2019, Bartinney he star of this year’s 14th annual district winning the Novare Trophy for Chardonnay 2017, Boplaas Cape Vintage Novare SA Terroir Wine Awards SA Terroir Top Wine Area. 2013, Bushmanspad Estate Malbec was Bon Courage Estate in For the first time ever, the Novare 2017, Creation The Art of Pinot Noir Robertson, with three national Trophy for SA Terroir Top Wine was 2017, De Krans Touriga Nacional 2017, Twinners, namely for the top Colombard, awarded to Nuy Wine Cellar outside Flagstone Treaty Tree Reserve Sauvignon Méthode Cap Classique (MCC) and rosé. Worcester. Nuy Wine Cellar entered Blanc/Sémillon 2017 (white blend), The results were announced during two national winners, the Nuy Mastery Ghost Corner Sémillon 2017, Kaapzicht an awards lunch at Anura Vineyards in Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 and Nuy Skuinsberg Cinsaut 2018, Lourensford Klapmuts. Bon Courage excelled among Wit Muskadel 2006. Their Cabernet Limited Release Viognier 2018, Mischa a record number of 328 entries. At this Sauvignon was named the top wine Estate Roussanne 2018, Nitida Riesling prestigious event, the Cape winelands’ from all entries and thereby clinched 2018, Slanghoek Vinay Natural Sweet numerous first-rate wine areas are this new trophy. Vin rosé N/V, the Glen Carlou Collection showcased and only wines certified as Doolhof Estate in Wellington also Red Blend 2017 and Wildekrans Pinotage single-vineyard wines, estate-produced or entered two national winners, for the Barrel Select Reserve 2016. w

FRONT: Berinda Basson (Ormonde), Henriette Jansen (Nitida), Paul Burger and Christo Pienaar (Nuy), Tilana Schwartz (Doolhof), Annemi Nel (De Krans) and Elaine Conradie (Slanghoek). MIDDLE: Newald Marais (Kranskop), Stander Maass (Anura), Novare SA Terroir Trophy Winners: FRONT: Newald Marais Danie Steytler (Kaapzicht), Alex Nel (Cederberg), Braam Gericke (Kranskop), Paul Burger (Nuy Winery), Gielie Beukes (Doolhof), (Wildekrans), Kobus Burger (Rietvallei), Ronel Wiid (Bartinney). Jacques Bruwer (Bon Courage). BACK: Christo Pienaar (Nuy BACK: Jacques Bruwer and Philip Viljoen (Bon Courage), Gerhard Winery), Ola Leepile (CEO of Novare Holdings), Philip Viljoen Swart (Flagstone), Hannel Nel (Lourensford), Philip Theron (Glen (Bon Courage), Derrick Roper (Founder of Novare Holdings). Carlou), Gielie Beukes (Doolhof) and Jacobus van Zyl (Neethlingshof).

18 SEPTEMBER 2019 C E 2 0 I N 0 6 S

NOVARE SA TERROIR

S I N 0 6 WINE AWARDS 2019 C E 2 0

2019 NOVARE SA TERROIR WINE AWARDS AREA Top Pinot 2016 Haute Cabriere Pinot Noir Top Pinotage 2018 McGregor Pinotage Top Malbec 2016 La Couronne Malbec Top Red Blend 2017 McGregor The Falling Star WINNERS Top Rosé 2019 La Couronne Merlot Rosé Top Cinsaut 2017 Rietvallei “Dark Cin” Cinsaut BREEDEKLOOF DISTRICT (INCLUDING WARDS) Top Shiraz 2017 La Motte Syrah Top Cabernet Franc 2014 Rietvallei JMB Cabernet Franc Top Red Blend 2017 Deetlefs Familie Cabernet Sauvignon/ Top Shiraz 2016 La Motte Syrah Merlot/Pinotage/Petit Verdot Top Merlot 2017 La Petite Ferme Merlot STELLENBOSCH DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top Sémillon 2018 Deetlefs Familie Sémillon Top Viognier 2018 Lynx Wines Viognier Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2014 Bartinney Cabernet Top Malbec 2015 Deetlefs Signature Malbec Sauvignon Top White Blend 2018 Deetlefs Voyage 3566.1 ELIM WARD Top Chardonnay 2017 Bartinney Chardonnay Top Pinotage 2017 Flagstone Writer’s Block Pinotage Top Shiraz 2017 De Grendel Elim Shiraz Top Shiraz 2015 Bartinney Montegray Vineyards Syrah Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 Mariëtte Cabernet Sauvignon Top White Blend 2017 Flagstone Treaty Tree Reserve Top White Blend 2018 Jordan Chameleon Sauvignon Blanc/ Top Chenin Blanc 2017 Mariëtte Chenin Blanc Sauvignon Blanc/Sémillon Chardonnay Top Pinot Blanc 2018 Mariëtte Pinot Blanc Top Pinot Noir 2017 Ghost Corner Pinot Noir Top Chenin Blanc 2018 Kaapzicht 1947 Chenin Blanc Top Shiraz 2015 Mariëtte Syrah Top Sauvignon Blanc 2018 Ghost Corner Sauvignon Blanc Top Cinsaut 2018 Kaapzicht Skuinsberg Cinsaut Top Muskadel 2017 Slanghoek Hanepoot Jerepigo Top Sémillon 2017 Ghost Corner Sémillon Top Pinotage 2017 Kaapzicht Steytler Pinotage Top NLH 2016 Slanghoek NLH Top Red Blend 2017 Kaapzicht Steytler Vision Top Sauvignon Blanc 2019 Slanghoek Private Selection KAAPSTAD DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top Merlot 2017 Lourensford Limited Release Merlot Sauvignon Blanc Top Malbec 2016 Bloemendal Waterlily Malbec Top Viognier 2018 Lourensford Limited Release Viognier Top Natural Sweet NV Slanghoek Vinay Vin Rosé Top Shiraz 2017 D’Aria The Soprano Shiraz Top MCC 2014 Lourensford MCC Brut Blanc Top Pinotage 2017 De Grendel Amandelboord Pinotage Top Gewurztraminer 2019 Neethlingshof Estate CALITZDORP DISTRICT Top Port 2017 Groot Constantia Cape Ruby Gewürztraminer Top Port 2013 Boplaas Cape Vintage Top Chardonnay 2018 Groot Constantia Chardonnay Top Malbec 2017 Neethlingshof Estate Malbec Top Touriga Nacional 2017 De Krans Touriga Nacional Top Red Blend 2016 Groot Constantia Gouverneurs Reserve Top NLH 2017 Neethlingshof Estate The Short Story Top Red Blend 2016 De Krans Tritonia Calitzdorp Blend Red Collection The Maria Noble Late Harvest Top NLH 2016 Groot Constantia Grand Constance CAPE AGULHAS DISTRICT Top MCC 2017 Groot Constantia MCC Top Sauvignon Blanc 2019 Neethlingshof Estate Sauvignon Top Red Blend 2017 Lomond Belladona SMV Top Merlot 2017 Groot Constantia Merlot Blanc Top Shiraz 2015 Lomond Cat’s Tail Shiraz Top Rosé 2018 Groot Constantia Rosé Top Sauvignon Blanc 2017 Lomond Sugarbush Sauvignon Top Sauvignon Blanc 2019 Meerendal Sauvignon Blanc SWARTLAND DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Blanc Top Natural Sweet 2018 Meerendal Sauvignon Blanc Natural Top Chenin Blanc 2017 Perdeberg Endura Single Vineyard Sweet Chenin Blanc CEDERBERG WARD Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2017 Nitida Cabernet Sauvignon Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2017 Cederberg Cabernet Top White Blend 2017 Nitida Coronata Integration TULBAGH DISTRICT Sauvignon Top Pinot Noir 2017 Nitida Pinot Noir Top Chardonnay 2018 Waverley Hills Chardonnay Top Chenin Blanc 2017 Cederberg Five Generations Chenin Top Riesling 2018 Nitida Riesling Top Grenache 2017 Waverley Hills Grenache Blanc Top Sémillon 2018 Nitida Sémillon Top Shiraz 2015 Waverley Hills CW Reserve Shiraz Top Shiraz 2017 Cederberg Shiraz Top Red Blend 2014 Waverley Hills SMV Top Sauvignon Blanc 2018 Driehoek Ludic Sauvignon Blanc LOWER DUIVENHOKS RIVER DISTRICT Top Pinot Noir 2018 Driehoek Mieke Pinot Noir Top Sauvignon Blanc 2019 Baleia Sauvignon Blanc WALKER BAY DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top Pinot Noir 2017 Creation The Art of Pinot Noir CERES PLATO DISTRICT MONTAGU WARD Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 Springfontein Daredevils’ Top Chardonnay 2018 De Grendel Op die Berg Chardonnay Top Chenin Blanc 2019 Montagu Winery Chenin Blanc Drums Mashes Extreme Top Shiraz 2015 Koelfontein Shiraz Top Red Blend 2018 Montagu Winery Merlot/Ruby Cabernet Top Red Blend 2015 Springfontein Limestone Rocks Gadda Top Muskadel 2018 Montagu Winery White Muscadel da Vida DARLING DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top White Blend 2017 Springfontein Ulumbaza White of Top White Blend 2018 Darling Cellars Lady Ann Darling OUTENIQUA WARD Springfontein Top Sauvignon Blanc 2017 Fleur du Cap Series Priveé Top Sauvignon Blanc 2018 De Krans Garden Route Top Chenin Blanc 2017 Villion Henning Chenin Blanc Sauvignon Blanc Sauvignon Blanc Top Cabernet Franc 2018 Wildekrans Cabernet Franc Barrel Top Cabernet Franc 2014 Ondine Cabernet Franc Select Reserve Top Grenache 2016 Ondine Grenache PAARL DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top MCC 2015 Wildekrans MCC Chenin Blanc Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2015 Ormonde Barrel Selected Top Malbec 2017 Anura Malbec Reserve Top Pinotage 2016 Wildekrans Pinotage Barrel Select Cabernet Sauvignon Top Petit Verdot 2013 Anura Petit Verdot Reserve Reserve Top Chardonnay 2014 Ormonde Barrel Selected Chardonnay Top Shiraz 2017 Babylonstoren Shiraz Top Shiraz 2016 Wildekrans Shiraz Barrel Select Reserve Top Chenin Blanc 2017 Ormonde Single Vineyard Chip off Top MCC 2014 Babylonstoren Sprankel the Old Block Chenin Blanc Top Viognier 2018 Babylonstoren Viognier WELLINGTON DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top Shiraz 2015 Ormonde Single Vineyard Chip off the Old Top Red Blend 2017 The Glen Carlou Collection Red Blend Top Chenin Blanc 2017 Doolhof Riviersteen Chenin Blanc Block Shiraz Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2017 Glen Carlou Gravel Quarry Top Cabernet Franc 2017 Doolhof Signature Single Vineyard Top Red Blend 2013 Ormonde Vernon Basson Cabernet Sauvignon Collection Cabernet Franc Top Merlot 2018 Glen Carlou Merlot Top Merlot 2017 Doolhof Signature Single Vineyard Top Pinot Noir 2018 Glen Carlou Pinot Noir ELGIN DISTRICT Collection Merlot Top Chardonnay 2017 Almenkerk Chardonnay Top Chardonnay 2018 Glen Carlou Quartz Stone Chardonnay Top Pinotage 2017 Doolhof Signature Single Vineyard Top Shiraz 2015 Almenkerk Syrah Top Cabernet Franc 2017 Nelson Lisha Nelson Signature Collection Pinotage Top Merlot 2015 Elgin Vintners Merlot Cabernet Franc Top Chardonnay 2017 Linton Park Estate Chardonnay Top Pinot Noir 2016 Elgin Vintners Pinot Noir Top Malbec 2018 Mischa Estate Malbec Limited Edition Top Sauvignon Blanc 2018 Shannon Elgin Sauvignon Blanc ROBERTSON DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top Roussanne 2018 Mischa Estate Roussanne Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 South Hill Cabernet Top Colombard 2019 Bon Courage André’s Fame Colombard Top Shiraz 2014 Mischa Estate Shiraz Sauvignon Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 Bon Courage Inkará Cabernet Top Sauvignon Blanc 2019 Welbedacht Meerkat Sauvignon Top Red Blend 2015 South Hill Vineyards Kevin King Micah Sauvignon Blanc Top Riesling 2018 Vrede en Lust Early Mist Riesling Top Shiraz 2016 Bon Courage Inkará Shiraz Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 Welbedacht Wine Estate Top White Blend 2018 Vrede en Lust White Mischief Top MCC 2011 Bon Courage Jacques Bruére Blanc de Blanc Cabernet Sauvignon Cap Classique FRANSCHHOEK/FRANSCHHOEK VALLEY DISTRICT Top Rosé 2019 Bon Courage Lady of the House Pinotage Rosé Top Red Blend 2007 Welbedacht Wine Estate Hat Trick Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2017 Dieu Donné Cabernet Top NLH 2018 Bon Courage NLH Sauvignon Top Sauvignon Blanc 2019 Bon Courage The Gooseberry WORCESTER DISTRICT INCLUDING WARDS Top Red Blend 2016 Dieu Donné The Cross Collection Shiraz/ Bush Sauvignon Blanc Top Chenin Blanc 2016 De Wet Cellar Single Vineyard Viognier Top MuskadeL 2018 Bon Courage White Muscadel Chenin Blanc Top White Blend 2016 Glenwood Grand Duc Sémillon/ Top Malbec 2017 Bushmanspad Estate Malbec Top Natural Sweet 2019 Nuy Colombar Effe Soet Sauvignon Blanc Top Pinot Noir 2017 Kranskop Pinot Noir Top Cabernet Sauvignon 2016 Nuy Mastery Cabernet Top Shiraz 2016 Glenwood Grand Duc Syrah Top Tannat 2017 Kranskop Tannat Sauvignon Top NLH 2014 Glenwood Noblesse Grand Duc Top Viognier 2018 Kranskop Viognier Top Chardonnay 2017 Nuy Mastery Chardonnay Top Chardonnay 2017 Glenwood Vigneron Selection Top Chardonnay 2018 McGrecor The Golden Shower Top Pinotage 2017 Nuy Mastery Pinotage Chardonnay Top Chenin Blanc 2019 McGregor Chenin Blanc Top Muskadel 2006 Nuy Wit Muskadel

SEPTEMBER 2019 19 SEEING THE BY MALU LAMBERT BIGGER PICTURE salt scrub steeped in fynbos to mark the Krone’s chief winemaker, Rudiger Krone’s ethos start of this unique tasting. Gretschel, raises a glass of the Blanc “I wanted to capture the character de Blanc to the light as he shares how of preserving of the valley and the wine created he was inspired to create this MCC. the distinct from its very earth,” Agata says. “I He was sitting in a wine bar in Reims, incorporated the extracted oils of three France, when he discovered a book characteristics of indigenous plants, wild rosemary, about grower Champagne. “It was about African wormwood and imphepho moving away from the same style, year each harvest is in or liquorice plant, to transport guests after year, towards site specificity and through the days, seasons and shades of celebrating a unique taste,” he says. He keeping with the temperature and light, to live the life of tasted Champagne Marie-Courtin which grower Champagne the vine and create a sense of the space, is made in this style and was struck by not just the replication of its smell.” its precision and purity. “I knew then I movement in France. This is not your typical wine wanted to make a grower Champagne tasting. But it’s typical of the kind of for South Africa and for Krone.” forward thinking that has seen Krone To bring his vision to life, Rudiger aving just flown over transformed under the custodianship ordered a 2 500-litre tight-grain foudre Stellenbosch, Tulbagh of the Rands family. Abigail explains barrel from a cooperage in the Alto- quickly comes into view the thinking behind the 180-degree Adige region of Italy, where the ageing below. The pilot flying the turn. “When we bought the farm seven and drying of the oak is done at 2 000 m helicopter points out Twee years ago it was important for us to above sea level in the Alps. After being Jonge Gezellen’s vineyards create a new identity for the Krone whole-bunch pressed the unsettled on the eastern slopes of the Saronsberg brand and completely change the way juice went straight into the oak for the HMountain. As the farm’s historic Cape Krone MCC was made in the past. We natural primary fermentation. It was Dutch buildings dating back to 1710 dropped the name House of Krone and left on its gross lees for four months and come into view, it feels as if we’re shifted our energies to making vintage naturally settled and stabilised over time transported back in time. Méthode Cap Classique. When making before undergoing its secondary bottle The reason for our trip is to bring a vintage MCC you celebrate the unique fermentation for 36 months. To keep small group of guests to the estate for the idiosyncrasies that each harvest brings. things as natural as possible the yeast launch of the Krone Kaaimansgat Blanc It was important for us that everything used to inoculate the wine was specially de Blancs 2016. Inspired by the grower we did had soul. We deeply respected developed by a German wine biochemist Champagne movement in France, the heritage of the farm, but we knew to produce sulphur dioxide naturally where the focus is on the vineyard and that without innovation and a clear so that none needed to be added for site rather than conforming to a house vision we were going nowhere.” preservation. “The only thing that’s been style, the Blanc de Blancs is made from The Krone Kaaimansgat Blanc de added to this wine after 36 months on the Chardonnay grapes sourced from the Blancs 2016 is a manifestation of this lees is the 2 g per litre of dosage, taking 34-year-old Kaaimansgat vineyard. ethos. A long table has been set up its residual sugar to 2.5 g.” The resulting Krone marketing director Abigail in the courtyard for the tasting and MCC is a pure, linear expression of Rands has come up with an ingenuous lunch. Among the guests is celebrated Chardonnay – flinty, cool and precise. way to transport us to the vineyard viticulturist Rosa Kruger. “The Krone has once again raised the bar for located deep inside a blind valley in the Kaaimansgat vineyard is an exceptional innovation in winemaking. Elandskloof ward of the Overberg, high-altitude site of extremes,” she says. Twee Jonge Gezellen is no stranger 700 m above sea level. Sensorily. She has “The unirrigated old vines are planted to firsts. It’s one of the oldest farms asked perfumer Agata Karolina of House on the steep foothills of the mountains. in the Western Cape and with over of Gozdawa to create a scent that evokes In winter the mountains encircling the 300 years of history it’s recognised as the Kaaimansgat terroir. Sweet-scented vineyards are covered in snow, while in a national monument. It also boasts smoke, pluming from sugared Ethiopian summer the days are warm and sunny, the first underground cellar in Africa wood embalmed with oils being burnt and the nights cool to cold. These are the and can be credited with inventing over hot coals, beckons us to the official ideal conditions for later ripening of the cold fermentation in the ‘50s, which entrance of the estate, one of the heritage grapes to produce wines with a strong revolutionised the production of warm- buildings, a permanent white shrug on acidity at full ripeness and low pH, all climate white wines and MCC. It was the landscape. Agata performs a hand- prerequisites for making superlative also one of the first farms to introduce cleansing ritual for each guest with a MCC.” night harvesting in the early ’80s.

20 SEPTEMBER 2019 Since purchasing the farm in 2012, the Rudiger Gretschel, Rands family has channelled this spirit cellar master of innovation, pouring their boundless at Krone. creativity into the farm. They embarked not only on the restoration of the interior Twee Jonge Gezellen and exterior of the buildings, but also on extensive vineyard replantings and is no stranger to firsts. upgrading of the cellar. “In pursuit of creating our own unique It’s one of the oldest voice in the MCC market we started to farms in the Western see the brand as an archetype with a storytelling capacity and responsibly Cape and, with over 300 to our community,” Abigail says. “As the brand evolved it developed symbolic years of history, it’s value, which gave us the freedom to recognised as a national push the boundaries in communication and connect to a creative culture. monument. We looked to the past and future for inspiration and where these two worlds collided we found the magic to propel and historic farmstead, and I clearly see the brand into the exciting space in the bigger picture, just like the Rands which it plays today.” family has done by steering this historic As we lift off my vision rapidly fills home of Méthode Cap Classique into the with views of the vineyards, mountains brave new winemaking world. w

Malu Lambert is a freelance food and wine journalist who writes for numerous titles including Food & Home, Good Taste, The Sunday Times, Winemag.co.za, Wine.co.za, WOSA and more. She has achieved Level 3 via WSET and won the title of Veritas Young Wine Writer 2015. She also owns story-telling company Fable, which works with high-end food, wine and hospitality brands. Follow her: @MaluLambert ONTMOET PROF ROLBLAAR

Prof Gerhard Pietersen het oor die afgelope 20 jaar baanbrekerswerk gedoen om die rolblaarvirus te verstaan, en plaaslik en internasionaal te help uitroei. En sy werk is nog ver van klaar.

DEUR JANA LOOTS

ink jy aan rolblaarnavorsing, kom een naam meteens op – prof Gerhard Pietersen. En met goeie rede. Hy was die afgelope 20 jaar aan die Dvoorpunt van navorsing wat nie net ’n ommekeer in heelwat Suid-Afrikaanse wingerde meegebring het nie, maar ook internasionaal erken en toegepas word. Vandag vind jy prof Pietersen by die Universiteit Stellenbosch se genetika-departement, waar hy sy navorsing met ywer voortsit. Hy beklee ook ’n buitengewone professorskap by die Universiteit van Pretoria se departement biochemie, genetika en mikrobiologie, en word gereeld gevra om sy navorsingsbevindinge plaaslik en met ander wynproduserende streke wêreldwyd te deel. “My filosofie is dat navorsing nie net Daar is vir prof Pietersen en sy verloofde, Sandy, niks lekkerder gedoen moet word ter wille van die as om oor naweke die Wes-Kaap per motor te verken nie. Twee akademie nie, maar ’n daadwerklike van sy drie kinders volg in sy voetspore. Sy oudste seun, Gert, effek op die bedryf moet hê,” sê prof het in virologie gespesialiseer en ’n maatskappy gestig wat Pietersen. Daarom lê hy reeds sedert virusdiagnostiek en navorsingsdienste aan die wyn- en ander die tagtigerjare klem daarop dat sy bedrywe bied. Sy dogter, Inge, het ook onlangs haar MSc in virologie navorsing rondom plantvirusse in Suid- voltooi en werk saam met Gert. Sy jongste seun Ben, werk in IT. Afrika tot die formulering van effektiewe Het jy geweet? fitosanitêre wetgewing moet bydra.

22 SEPTEMBER 2019 DIE SAADJIE IS GEPLANT HOEKOM ROLBLAAR? Nog ’n vennoot in die stryd teen Prof Pietersen het in Florida aan “Tot sowat 30 jaar gelede was dit rolblaar was André van Rensburg, die Wes-Rand grootgeword, maar ’n algemene siening dat die stres wynmaker by Vergelegen-landgoed. vakansietye het hy by sy grootouers wat die virus in die wingerdstok Ná bykans ’n dekade van proewe, op hul plaas teen die Limpoporivier veroorsaak tot beter wyne aanleiding het Vergelegen in 2007 die wêreld se gekuier. “Daar is die saadjie geplant om gee,” sê prof Pietersen. “Maar DJ eerste kommersiële wyne van slegs op ’n manier by landbou betrokke te se aanvanklike navorsing vir die rolblaarvrye wingerde geproduseer. raak,” sê hy. Sy liefde vir die natuur het wynbedryfsertifiseringskema het Ander wynbesighede wat hierdie hy by sy pa, ’n professionele kunstenaar, bevind gesonde plante vaar beter.” uitdaging met ywer aanpak, sluit in geërf. “My pa het in bosveldtonele, diere Rolblaarbesmette wingerde se druiwe Creation, Thelema, Tokara, L’Ormarins, en Afrikana-stillewes gespesialiseer, en word nie egalig ryp nie en sukkel om Anwilka, Uva Mira, Rustenberg en was ongelooflik kundig wat die natuur suiker op te bou. Produksie neem Glenelly. betref,” vertel hy. “My ma het natuurlik ook heelwat af ná 20 jaar teenoor ’n “Ons sou nie hierdie mylpale kon die belangrike werk gehad om vir ons potensiële leeftyd van 40-50 jaar in bereik nie as dit nie vir die vertroue en kinders maniere te leer.” virusvrye wingerde, sonder die inboet ondersteuning van Winetech, en spesifiek Ná skool het hy sy visier op van gehalte of produksie. Dit maak dus Jan Booysen, die voormalige bestuurshoof, veeartsenykunde gehad, maar moes ekonomies sin. was nie,” sê prof Pietersen. Winetech het weens sy matriekpunte eers met ’n “Ek dink dit was my agtergrond oor die afgelope 20 jaar sowat R20 miljoen BSc in plant- en dierkunde aan die in virologie in ander gewasse wat in verskeie rolblaarnavorsingsprojekte Universiteit van die Witwatersrand my hoop gegee het dat ons iets aan en -beheer belê, en beywer hom om die (Wits) afskop. “Ek geniet die plantkunde die rolblaarvirus kon doen,” sê prof bedryf aan boord te kry deur verskeie toe so baie dat ek gou dierkunde vir Pietersen. “Die siek plante verdubbel tegnologie-oordragaksies. mikrobiologie verruil het, wat die jaarliks indien dit nie beheer word nie, ANDER LANDE STEEK KERS OP wonderlike wêreld van virologie en maar dit is nie so vinnig soos virusse “Ons is ander lande ver voor in die immunologie vir my ontsluit het. Die res in ander gewasse waarmee ek gewerk stryd teen rolblaar,” sê prof Pietersen. is, soos hulle sê, geskiedenis!” het nie.” Rolblaarbeheer is hoofsaaklik Dis dan ook nie verbasend dat ander Met ’n BSc-graad in botanie en geskoei op die beheer van witluis wat lande by Suid-Afrika kom kers opsteek mikrobiologie aan Wits agter sy die virus van een stok na die ander nie. Hy het oor die afgelope dekade in naam, het hy in 1980 in Pretoria by oordra, asook die verwydering van onder andere Napa, Lodi en San Luis die Landbounavorsingsraad (LNR) se siek stokke. “Ons moes dus sistematies Obispo in Kalifornië, asook die Golan- Navorsingsinstituut vir Plantbeskerming te werk gaan en eers weet hoe om die hoogland in Israel en in Nieu-Seeland (NIPB) begin werk as navorser en was virus op te spoor,” sê hy. gekonsulteer. Maar hy waarsku die Nieu- later administratiewe hoof van die Die deurbraak het gekom toe hulle Seelandse wynbedryf mag Suid-Afrika virologie-eenheid. In die daaropvolgende spesifieke verspreidingspatrone van die verbysteek wat rolblaarbeheer betref dekade het hy ook sy meestersgraad en virus kon identifiseer. “Ek het ses jaar danksy die bereidwilligheid van die ’n PhD in mikrobiologie behaal. lank jaarliks van Pretoria afgery Kaap land se produsente om by ’n bedryfswye toe en skoene deurgestap om stokke rolblaarbeheerstrategie betrokke te raak. DIE PAD NA ROLBLAAR in ons proefwingerde te karteer, maar Terwyl prof Pietersen in Pretoria besig dit was beslis die moeite werd,” sê hy. DIE PAD VORENTOE was om virologie-navorsing oor onder Hiermee saam is ELISA- en LAMP-toetse As ewige navorser gaan prof Pietersen andere peulgewasse soos grondbone, gebruik om die virus op te spoor. voort met sy roeping. “Ek stel verder lusern en ertjies te doen was DJ ondersoek in om rolblaar in wit Engelbrecht by die Stellenbosch-tak BEDRYFSVENNOTE BIED DEURSLAG wyndruifkultivars meer doeltreffend te van die LNR ’n baanbreker op die “Nadat ons uitgevind het hoe om die kan opspoor en gaan dieper delf in die gebied van rolblaarnavorsing. “Hy het virus op te spoor en hoe dit versprei, potensiaal rondom weerstandbiedende die grondslag gelê en was een van die was die volgende stap om wingerde onderstokke.” Hy voel ook daar is eerste mense wat gewys het die virus van die virus te reinig,” sê prof nog ’n leemte in rolblaarnavorsing by word deur witluise oorgedra,” sê prof Pietersen. Vititec, voorheen bekend tafeldruiwe. Pietersen. as KWV Plantverbetering, het met “Suid-Afrika beskik oor die beste Met DJ se aftrede in 1990 het die die LNR en Universiteit Stellenbosch hulpmiddels ter wêreld om rolblaar Stellenbosch- en Pretoria-laboratorium saamgewerk, en in 2004 die eerste te bestry, naamlik internasionaal van die LNR saamgesmelt en is prof wingerdplantmateriaal vermeerder erkende navorsing, ’n deeglike Pietersen as hoof van die nuwe NIPB se van grondvesblokke waaruit rolblaar sertifiseringskema, topgehalte kwekers plantvirologie-eenheid aangestel, met geëlimineer was. Later is sulke wingerde en ongeëwenaarde kundigheid,” sê hy. die bykomende verantwoordelikheid ook in geïsoleerde gebiede weg van Hy moedig wyndruifprodusente aan om DJ se rolblaarnavorsing voort ander wingerde gevestig en vermeerder. om deel te word van die stryd teen te sit. Ná vyf jaar as navorser by “Die insig en deursettingsvermoë van rolblaar. “Die uitroei van rolblaar is ’n die sitrusnavorsingseenheid, Citrus Nico Spreeth, bestuurshoof van Vititec, langtermyndoelwit, maar ek kry die Research International, het hy in 2009 en sy span om oor die jare proewe te grootste kick daaruit om te sien hoe die na die NIPB teruggekeer en in 2017 doen en ’n rolblaarbeheerstrategie te strategie wat ons toepas jaar na jaar ’n sy huidige pos as professor by die help vestig, was vir die wynbedryf van verskil maak in produsente se wingerde Universiteit Stellenbosch opgeneem. onskatbare waarde,” sê prof Pietersen. en besighede,” sê hy. w

SEPTEMBER 2019 23 This is the seventh instalment of our monthly series of interviews with leading personalities in the global and local wine industry.

Cape Town-born Lynne Sherriff has an impressive wine pedigree. She became a Master of Wine in 1993 and is a former chairperson of the Institute of Masters of Wine. She trained as a winemaker in Stellenbosch, Germany and France, and worked under the legendary Günter Brözel at Nederburg during the 1980s. She spoke to Anton Pretorius from a hotel room in Tokyo about the various trends and challenges in the global wine industry.

SHOOTING STRAIGHT WITH LYNNE SHERRIFF WINE INFLUENCER

What are you doing in Tokyo? How will native grape varieties play a role cap technologies emerge. People I’m the European director of an in the global context? are going back to how things were organisation called Koshu of Japan. Whether it’s Zinfandel that’s native to done 300 years ago and whether it’s I help grape producers in the California, Tempranillo that’s native cement or egg-shaped wine tanks, Yamanashi area, which is an hour to Spain or Pinotage that’s native to there’s defi nitely a move towards from Tokyo, export their wine by South Africa, there’s a defi nitely a rise more natural winemaking styles and establishing contacts with importers, in indigenous grape wine varieties techniques. marketers and agencies in all the among global wine consumers. People European markets. We started slowly are becoming bored with Cabernet In times where consumers are looking for in 2010. But now, I’m happy to say, Sauvignon and Chardonnay, so we’re products that will stretch their budget, we’re growing nicely. seeing Syrah from Chile, and Sicilian how important is the purchase of more and even South African wines that are aff ordable products? Is Japan becoming an emerging player in on the up in the global market at the I think the purchase of wine is the global wine market? moment. dependent on what the country’s Yes, but it’s still very tiny. Plantings culture dictates. Until 150 years ago, of Japan’s indigenous Koshu grape What are some of the more pressing wine was never part of Japanese variety comprises only 500 ha. But global challenges of wine production? culture. But now wine is really popular it’s very successful at the moment Water will be our biggest challenge here and the average standard of and they make a really nice Cabernet in the global wine market over the living is also high. Japanese people Franc and Chardonnay over here. next 20 years. Australia and Spain might spend the equivalent of R400- Last week I chaired a Japanese wine are both running out of water. We’re 500 on a bottle of wine and if they’re competition where we tasted 800-900 also experiencing huge problems with having a party they’ll spend R1 000 a local wines. Next week, I’m chairing climate change. At the moment bottle, which is not a lot for them. But the Japanese Wine Challenge which [25 July] it’s 45 °C in Paris. At the for South Africans, R1 000 is a huge is open to any wine on the Japanese height of Tokyo’s summer, where amount of money. In Switzerland, the market, local or international. The it should be around 38-40 °C, it’s average price for a bottle of wine is €15 event receives up to 3 000 entries – currently 24 °C. And Trump doesn’t (R232). In England, where the standard signifi cantly more than for instance seem to think we have a problem! But of living is quite high, the average price the Veritas Awards in South Africa. the genuine worry in Yamanashi is for a bottle of wine is only £5.91 (R102), that they’re experiencing one of the which is low for a society that’s affl uent. What drew you to wine? coolest summers on record. Japan’s My parents were both hoteliers and peach harvest is down signifi cantly Some say that South Africa is still I studied hotel management. and the quantity of Koshu is also struggling to fi nd its wine identity in the I worked for someone who had the down with a ripening period that’s global market. Do you agree? most unbelievable cellar with a vast three weeks later than usual. So collection of wines, including Krug, unless Japan gets a whole lot of I completely disagree. People who Romanée-Conti and Château Margaux. sunshine between now and the end of think that are crazy! In fact we’ve got He didn’t pay me all that well and in September, they’ll have to chaptalise a very strong wine identity. South the end was declared bankrupt. During their Koshu grapes, which is not ideal. Africans make fantastic Sauvignon that time he’d often open and share a Blanc and Chenin Blanc. We have few bottles from his cellar with me. So Do you think climate change will force fabulous Pinotage and fantastic after three years in the hotel industry, producers to think smarter about their blends. If you judge any of the big I decided to go into wine. farming practices? South African wine competitions, It should! But unfortunately half the you can see exactly how the level What notable trends do you foresee for global farming and wine industries is of quality has progressed over the the global wine industry in 2019/20? fast asleep! If you really want to fi nd past 20 years – it’s nothing short of First off , we’re likely to see an increase out how acute the problem of climate miraculous. in organic and biodynamic grape change is, listen to 16-year-old activist I think one of the biggest problems production along with stricter rules Greta Thunberg’s speech when she is that there’s not a lot of money to be and regulations. We’re also seeing addressed global leaders at the World made in wine. It’s much more profi table the continued growth of pale, dry Economic Forum in Davos last year. to sell fruit than to make wine. I think and serious rosé wines from various It’s the most lucid speech on climate South Africans often worry about countries around the world. The paler, change I’ve ever heard. things before they even happen – or the sexier. The Provence rosé is now never happen. We have a strong wine about a 20th of the colour it used to How important a role will technology play identity, much stronger than Chile’s or be. I also see an increase in alternative in the wine sector in coming years? Argentina’s, and some would say, even closures, for instance, a growth in I think we’ve come as far as we can stronger than Australia’s! My advice to canned wine and bag-in-boxes. with technology. We need to go in South Africans is: Stop worrying about This is particularly noticeable in the the opposite direction. Bottling is as cheap and cheerful, and concentrate Scandinavian, Austrian, German and sophisticated as it can be. Corks are on making wine for the mid-price, high- Swiss markets. I also foresee a rise in hopefully a thing of the past and we’ll price and super-premium. Because indigenous or “native” grape varieties. maybe see more modern screw- that’s where we’re strong. w

SEPTEMBER 2019 25 SBW-WYNPLAN HERDENK NÁ

40 roeg inJAAR 1979 kondig die destydse wat huisbesoeke kon doen. “Hulle moes DEUR JOHANNES RICHTER Stellenbosch Boerewynmakery mense by hul huise besoek, ’n wynproe (SBW) ’n ambisieuse nuwe aanbied, ’n kort video vertoon en dan plan aan om verbruikers se met hulle oor wyn gesels – amper op Stigterslede kennis en waardering van dieselfde beginsel as Tupperware- Vwyn aan te wakker en wynverbruik te partytjies,” vertel Bennie. van die Stellenbosch stimuleer. Die plan het drie bene gehad, Hulle is gesteun deur die stigting sê Bennie Howard, een van die eerste van ’n toegewyde opleidingsinstansie Boerewynmakery se spanleiers wat by die projek betrokke – die Kaapse Wynakademie (KWA). projek om belangstelling was: Die eerste prioriteit was om 70 Bennie was een van die eerstes om die nuwe wynverkoopspersoneel landwyd reeks eksamens af te lê en as Kaapse in wyn aan te wakker het aan te stel. Hierdie groep het uit ’n Wynmeester te kwalifiseer. Die streke verkoopsbestuurder in elke streek met het formele wynproesentrums by elke onlangs bymekaargekom. ’n groep opgeleide personeel bestaan tak gehad waar funksies en wynproeë Van die staatmakers wat landwyd ontplooi is en tot in aangebied is. Hierdie sentrums is ook Namibië werksaam was. vir KWA-lesings ingespan. Dit alles het wat 40 jaar later nog in ’n Verdere 70 personeellede tot ’n doeltreffende infrastruktuur gelei sou terselfdertyd ’n intensiewe om groter bewustheid van wyn by die die bedryf is, deel hul wynopvoedingsprogram van stapel publiek te skep. stuur. Hierdie wynontwikkelingspan wedervaringe en lesse het takke in Durban, Port Elizabeth, INTENSIEWE OPLEIDING wat ons vandag nog kan Bloemfontein, Kaapstad en Die 140 nuwe personeellede moes ’n Johannesburg gehad – elk met ’n drie weke lange opleidingsprogram in leer. bestuurder en ’n span wynraadgewers Stellenbosch bywoon. Hulle het uit elke hoek en bedryf in die land gekom, maar het almal een ding in gemeen gehad: almal was hoogs opgelei en het reeds kwalifikasies gehad. Daar is daagliks lesings gehou, nie net oor wyn nie, maar ook oor alles van hoe om mense te bestuur tot hoe om lesings aan te bied, verkope te doen en kliënte te hanteer. “Die pakket was enig in sy soort,” sê Bennie. “Dit was ’n voorreg om so deeglik toegerus te word vir ons werk.” Daar was baie pret saam met die harde werk en ’n onstuitbare gees van samehorigheid het soos ’n goue draad deur die projek geloop. Dit is noemenswaardig hoe verteenwoordigend van die hele Suid- Afrika die spanne was, sê Bennie. Mans en vroue uit elke bevolkingsgroep is ingesluit. “Dit was die eerste groep waarvan ek weet in die wynbedryf Staatmakers van die Stellenbosch Boerewynmakery se wynplan van 40 jaar gelede het wat op so ’n groot skaal regoor die onlangs bymekaargekom. Voor is Olga Hafner en Sue Wardrop. Agter is Duimpie Bayly, kleurgrense gewerk het.” Almal is Dave Johnson, Dave Hughes en Bennie Howard. Duimpie, Dave Johnson en Bennie is voltyds aangestel met ’n volledige Kaapse Wynmeesters en Dave Hughes ’n ere-Kaapse Wynmeester. pakket.

26 SEPTEMBER 2019 ’n Berig oor die aanstelling van wynraadgewers as deel van SBW se bemarkingsplan in Wynboer, Julie 1979.

Voorblad van Die Wingerdstok, Augustus 1979. Dié publikasie is maandeliks gepubliseer om Die program het amper vyf jaar die publiek verder oor wyn te leer. Dit is landwyd by wynproeë uitgedeel en aan deelnemers geloop terwyl die wynontwikkelingspan aan die wynprogram gepos. aktief was, maar soos mense bedank het, is die poste nie weer gevul nie. “Dit het ’n hele geslag mense ’n ongelooflike Johnson in die Hemel-en-Aarde-vallei kickstart gegee, veral die jonger mense ’n reünie gehou. “Dave Johnson was wat in wyn belanggestel het, maar ons bestuurder in Durban,” sê Bennie. nêrens kon gaan leer nie,” sê Bennie. Dave het ná SBW sy eie besigheid begin Die informele proeë en KWA-kursusse en later saam met sy seuns dié kelder Daar was baie pret saam het daardie behoefte vervul. “Ons begin. spanne was instrumenteel om die KWA met die harde werk en Olga Hafner het sielkunde studeer se kursusse te bevorder. Ons is almal en was reeds ’n bestuurder van daardeur en het dit self aangebied. Op ’n onstuitbare gees van ’n verkoopsbesigheid toe SBW se dié manier het ons ’n geweldige bydrae advertensie in die Sunday Times haar samehorigheid het soos gelewer.” Griekse hart warm laat klop het. Vandag, ’n goue draad deur die ONAFSKEIDBAAR 40 jaar later, is sy ’n streeksdirekteur by Vier van daardie 70 wynopvoedings­ Meridian Wines. “Dit was ’n ongelooflike projek geloop. beamptes staan steeds voltyds in die kans om ’n liefde vir kos en wyn met bedryf. Hulle het vanjaar saam met ’n mense te deel en ’n bewustheid te skep paar ander betrokkenes by Newton wat hulle geleer het om wyn nie net te

SEPTEMBER 2019 27 SUE WARDROP VERTEL “Ek het pas van Rhodes- universiteit na Oos-Londen teruggekeer nadat ek my diploma in biblioteekkunde verwerf het,” sê Sue Wardrop. “Alhoewel ek in ’n spesialisbiblioteek wou werk, het ek gedink dit sal pret wees om eers ’n jaar of twee lugwaardin te wees. Maar toe ek ’n advertensie vir die pos as wynadviseur in die Sunday Times sien, het ek ook daarvoor aansoek gedoen. Rhodes het natuurlik ook ’n belangstelling in wyn by my gekweek! Ek is die pos aangebied voordat ek vir my onderhoud as lugwaardin sou gaan en het besluit dit is ’n beter loopbaanbesluit. En ek was heeltemal reg!” Die avontuur het op 1 Mei 1979 begin, vertel sy. “SBW het almal ’n Berig in Wynboer, Augustus 1979, oor die tegnologie wat ingespan is om wynbemarking te doen. afgevlieg Kaapstad toe vir die drie weke se opleiding. Sewentig mense van regoor die land is by die Bellville Holiday Inn gehuisves. Ons is met ’n bus na SBW op Stellenbosch vervoer waar ons die ongelooflikste, breedvoerigste en mees diepgaande opleiding oor alle aspekte van wyn ontvang het. Hierdie merkwaardige opleiding was die vaste grondslag vir my wynloopbaan. Ek haal my hoed af vir Dave Hughes wat so ’n opleidingservaring aanmekaar kon sit!” Dit was in baie opsigte ’n vormende tyd. Tussendeur die studies en eksamenstres was daar geleentheid vir heelwat pret en kaskenades. “Nie noodwendig alles geskik vir publikasie nie!” sê Sue laggend. Sy is vandag By die onlangse reünie is daar natuurlik wyn gedrink ... veral wyn van die 1979’s. streeksdirekteur van Meridian Wines in Durban. wynontwikkelingspan se beplanning vir die pad vorentoe. Die eerste is en bewegings vanaf die hoofkantoor geesdrif. “Jy moet waarlik ’n liefde op Stellenbosch bestuur. Hier het hy vir hierdie produk en sy mense hê.” drink nie, maar ook te waardeer,” sê en die eerste prinsipaal, Phyllis Hands, Die tweede is samewerking. “Sonder sy. Sy dink met genoegdoening terug die nuwe KWA bedryf saam met die samewerking kom ’n mens nêrens nie. aan die dae toe sy buitelandse agente bekwame Margaret Newman. Duimpie Die Veritas Gala-dinee is een van die min by die Nederburg-veiling onthaal het. Bayly is die enigste oorblywende SBW- geleenthede waar daar nog 800 mense “Soos die wynskrywer Dee Stone daar direksielid van die groep wat destyds saamkom om oor wyn te praat en wyn te op die grasperk voor Oude Libertas gesê die besluit geneem het om die wynplan geniet. Ons het meer daarvan nodig.” het, ‘Die waters van die wêreld verdeel te begin. ons; die wyne van die wêreld snoer ons Bennie sien oral – van die Kaap “Ons was ons tyd in baie opsigte saam.’” tot Middelburg, van Namibië tot vooruit,” sê Bennie. “Baie van die dinge Bennie was die spanbestuurder Bloemfontein en Durban – die vrug van wat ons destyds gedoen het, begin in Port Elizabeth waar Sue en Olga al hul arbeid. Dit leef voort in etlike mense nou weer doen.” albei wynadviseurs was. Hy was wynproeklubs wat vandag nog bestaan. by Distell voordat hy in 2004 sy eie LESSE TE LEER Hoewel die effek nie in liters of rande besigheid begin het, en is vandag Daar is veral twee lesse wat vandag gemeet kan word nie, is die gees wat steeds ’n wynbedryf-konsultant met se bedryf by die wynplan kan leer destyds onder hierdie groep mense verskeie kliënte. Dave Hughes het die wat volgens Bennie onontbeerlik is posgevat het onblusbaar. w

28 SEPTEMBER 2019 BUSINESS AS (UN)USUAL

In this series Tshepang Molisana investigates the obstacles and opportunities that make wine such an exciting and unusual business venture.

Dessert wines don’t have to stand at the back of the queue when it comes A SWEET to food pairings, and with South African natural sweet wines it’s often a case of last but never least, as FINISH sommelier Newman Sigoga discovered.

hile working as a waiter of new French and Hungarian oak, and at the Michelangelo Hotel French acacia barrels. It was aged for in Johannesburg in 2010, three years in the barrel while on the lees, Newman Sigoga found himself before racking and blending and was then in a sticky situation. “I was tank-aged for a further six months before Wserving a table of seven guests,” he recalls. it was bottled. The 2015 vintage consists of “One was from Chile and asked for a Muscat de Frontignan wine with a residual Carménère. I confidently said to him, we sugar level of 172.7 g/litre and a pH of 3.3. don’t have that cocktail, sir!” With the support of the hotel’s then food SWEET COMPANY and beverage manager, Chantel du Preez, Dessert wines such as Vin de Constance he decided to study wine. Marilyn Cooper, go well with foie gras. While sweet wine Cape Wine Master and former principal of paired with non-dessert courses seems the Cape Wine Academy, helped Newman unusual, it generally gives the chef’s dishes sharpen his wine skills. Besides learning an opportunity to shine. When compiling about the origins of Carménère and other a wine list, Newman says a sommelier wines, he also furthered his knowledge should consider various factors. “A wine about the versatility of wine and how to list should be simple, easy to navigate pair food with wine. and adventurous,” he says. “The wine list should reflect an establishment’s cooking LOCAL FLAVOUR style. I consult with the chefs and floor staff. While Carménère is a dry red grape I look at various price points and pursue that originates from Bordeaux but found variety to satisfy various palates. The wine fame in Chile, Newman also discovered list should be user-friendly and show a host of world-renowned South African sparkling wines first, then whites, reds and wines and especially our illustrious sweet lastly dessert wines. Most desserts pair wine heritage. One of South Africa’s most well with wine, whether red, white, rosé, respected exports was ‘Constantia wine’, sparkling or sweet.” the precursor to its modern versions, A pairing Newman suggests is chocolate Klein Constantia’s Vin de Constance and mousse or truffles paired with medium- to Groot Constantia’s Grand Constance. full-bodied red wines such as Carménère. Before Phylloxera devastated the Cape’s “Another interesting pairing is crème vineyards towards the end of the 19th brûlée and sparkling rosé,” he says. “At century, this sweet wine was renowned the Michelangelo Hotel the crème brûlée among royal courts in Europe. Constantia is served with dry ice to create a magical was called for by King Louis Philippe of moment. Guests come from all over the France and thought of fondly by Charles world to enjoy this dessert.” Dickens in England, who wrote in Edwin While Pierre Jourdan’s fruity Belle Drood of “the support embodied in a glass Rose is a perfect way to end a meal, of Constantia and a home-made biscuit.” a variety of dessert wines provide an While the term “natural sweet wine” equally satisfying sweet finish. Some might draw many towards the less serious of Newman’s favourite dessert wines side of the wine aisle, a great deal of work are Klein Constantia Vin de Constance, went into crafting Constantia’s modern Neethlingshof Maria, Bon Courage Noble incarnation. The 2015 vintage of Vin de Late Harvest, Pierre Jourdan Ratafia and Constance was aged in a combination Alvi’s Drift Muscat de Frontignan. w

SEPTEMBER 2019 29 STORIES BEHIND SA’S OLDEST WINE FARMS outh Africa has a rich Strong brands set the pace, but many South Africa’s wines winemaking history dating producers still undervalue their wines in and wine farms have back 360 years when Jan international markets and need a united van Riebeeck recorded the front, says Allée Bleue general manager over the centuries fi rst tasting of wines made on of wines De Wet Hugo. Rust en Vrede Slocal soil in 1659. Some 25 years later managing director Jean Engelbrecht been deemed fi t Simon van der Stel bought a piece agrees. “Premium brands should of land which was later divided into defi nitely be used more to promote for kings, queens several farms, including Klein and South Africa’s wines,” he says. “But the and statesmen. But Groot Constantia. As their history is industry somehow always falls back on well documented, we decided to take a marketing the cheap and cheerful image which wine farm look at the history of some of the other at a huge cost. There’s a place in the historical wine farms in South Africa. market for every segment of producer, was bought as a but our strategy is wrong.” Valentine’s gift and BUILDING BRAND SA “The relationship between lower- and Whether it’s a family-run business or part premium-priced wines is symbiotic, so which wine is used of a company, most wine farms embrace while premium-priced wines can have a the responsibility to promote South positive impact on overall pricing, lower- to determine the Africa as a premium wine producer priced wines have a negative impact on on the global stage and believe other the pricing of premium wines,” Meerlust calibre of a potential producers should follow suit. “It’s the marketing manager Eddie Turner says. suitor? Jana Loots entire industry’s responsibility to raise Blaauwklippen marketing manager the bar,” Vergelegen CEO Don Tooth Johan van Dyk believes the industry discovered the says. “South Africa makes wines that are should use its diversity to its advantage. capable of standing alongside the great “We should start believing in the things colourful history wines of the world and at Vergelegen we that make us diff erent from one another, actively work towards participating in yet culminate in an international off ering of some of South international blind tastings to show that of high-quality, distinctive wines and Africa’s oldest wine as a country we’re more than capable of home-grown hospitality as one Brand farms. matching the global greats.” SA,” he says. DID YOU KNOW? Former president Nelson Mandela hosted former US president Bill Clinton, the first American president to visit South Africa, at Vergelegen in 1998. As a South African heritage asset, Vergelegen has hosted many European royals and numerous local and international state leaders.

VERGELEGEN mining magnate Sir Lionel Phillips means we meet all international Vergelegen near Somerset West was bought Vergelegen in 1917 and after his standards when it comes to for instance originally a military outpost established death in 1941 it was auctioned off to the safety, accounting practices and in 1685 and then granted to Governor Barlow family. reporting, which brings with it a high Willem Adriaan van der Stel in 1700. Soon after buying the estate in 1987, level of professionalism,” Don Tooth says. His questionable use of the Dutch East Anglo American conducted intensive Vergelegen’s wine portfolio includes 16 India Company’s resources to improve climatic and soil tests, including more wines costing from R120-R1 300 a bottle. the estate and a dispute with the than 3 000 profile pits, and invested “This diversification enables consumers local burghers, led to his recall to the extensively in land rehabilitation and to experiment with our wines, moving Netherlands in 1706 and much of the establishing vineyards. The estate’s from a high-quality everyday drinking estate was sold off. historic core was also restored. Today wine through to the special-occasion In 1798 it was bought by the Vergelegen is a world-renowned wines,” Don says. He ascribes Vergelegen’s Theunissen family who began wine brand and among the leading numerous accolades to knowledge of the cultivating vines until the phylloxera conservers of the Cape cultural heritage. soils and microclimates, and winemaker plague wiped out most of the vineyards It also has a booming tourism offering. André van Rensburg’s incredible passion in the late 19th century. Millionaire “Being part of a multinational company and attention to detail.

BLAAUWKLIPPEN America to join the Zinfandel Advocates and Producers (ZAP) Blaauwklippen, whose name hails from the Dutch for the in 2008. “This distinctive varietal is challenging to grow, but characteristic blue rocks on the farm, was founded in 1682 by thanks to our terroir and nurturing we were able to grow Gerrit Jansz Visser. The first vineyards were planted in 1688. exceptional quality Zinfandel and produce various styles to set The Stellenbosch farm exchanged hands several times over the us apart,” Johan says. years and was in a neglected state when Graham Boonzaaier bought it in 1977 and set about developing it into a modern winery. DID YOU KNOW? Stefan Schörghuber bought Blaauwklippen in 1999 and British mining magnate and politician Cecil John Rhodes introduced many positive changes, including an bought Blaauwklippen in 1899 but sold it to Johannes extensive vineyard replanting programme and Albertus Roux a day later. The reason for the quick sale investments in the cellar, restaurant and tasting is unknown. centre. A crèche and aftercare facility were also established on the farm. Blaauwklippen’s next chapter is underway following a change of ownership in 2017. New owner Quefin has embarked on further renovations and an expansion of Blaauwklippen’s hospitality offering. “We pay homage to our history, while creating a sense of place for the Blaauwklippen community and meeting the needs of our wine consumers in an accessible and authentic way,” Johan van Dyk says. Blaauwklippen’s wine portfolio focuses on premium to superpremium mostly red wines, along with speciality distilled wines. The farm is also renowned for its range of Zinfandel wines. The first vines were planted in 1977 and Blaauwklippen was the first winery outside

SEPTEMBER 2019 31 DID YOU KNOW? A young woman at a Johannesburg wine show once said that when going on a first date with a man, a good test of his character was to see whether he ordered a bottle of Rubicon. Meerlust also got a mention in American novelist James Michener’s, The Covenant, following a visit to the farm in 1978.

MEERLUST to focus on producing quality wines and getting them to our Growing fine wines on Meerlust Estate has been part of consumers.” the Myburgh family tradition since 1756. The first owner, Meerlust is a niche producer of a small collection of five Henning Huising, settled on the farm in 1693. A German wines selling at superpremium prices. Eddie says it has immigrant, he named his new-found home Meerlust or always been their intention to limit the number of wines they “pleasure of the sea”, as the manor house sits on a granite produce. A focused range also makes marketing sense and outcrop close to False Bay. consumers can easily identify with the entire range. In 2007 Hannes Myburgh, the eighth generation Myburgh The iconic Meerlust Rubicon, a Bordeaux-style red blend, on the farm, received the Roll of Honour in Verona, Italy. was launched locally in 1984. It introduced an internationally It’s bestowed on someone who has made a significant recognised new wine style to South Africa and became the contribution to the global wine industry. “As a family benchmark for local red wines. Meerlust is so serious about business we’re as professional as any corporate company, protecting Rubicon’s reputation no 1985, 1990, 2002 or but have the advantage of flexibility in decision-making and 2011 vintages were released to ensure the wine’s consistent a small staff complement,” Eddie Turner says. “This allows us quality.

DID YOU KNOW? Friedrich-Wilhelm Dauphin bought Allée Bleue for his late wife, Elke, as a Valentine’s gift.

ALLÉE BLEUE French for “blue avenue”, is a reference to the magnificent blue The well-known Franschhoek wine farm, Allée Bleue, originally eucalyptus trees lining the entrance to the farm. consisted of two farms, Meerrust and Eenzaamheid. They Allée Bleue produces an array of red and white wines in in were given to French Huguenot Pieter Andriesz as freeholds the premium, superpremium and ultrapremium categories to in respectively 1690 and 1692. By 1729 both farms were highly service various sales channels. “It’s really important that our productive, and wine and brandy were produced under the wines have a purity of fruit that speaks of both the cultivar and new ownership. the area,” Allée Bleue winemaker Van Zyl du Toit says. “It’s an The two farms changed hands several times. In 1985 HEV approach that applies to all our wines.” Pickstone bought them on behalf of Cecil John Rhodes as Allée Bleue has won various local awards and has only part of a strategy to purchase farms from bankrupt owners recently started entering international competitions. The farm following the phylloxera disaster in 1890 and establish a new balances old traditions with new cellar technology and boasts fruit industry. The farms were later combined and bought in a tourism component which includes the Gable House Tasting 1999 by Friedrich-Wilhelm Dauphin and his late wife, Elke, Centre, restored Cape Dutch Building housing Bistro at Allée who changed the name to Allée Bleue. The name, which is Bleue, conferencing facilities and accommodation.

32 SEPTEMBER 2019 DID YOU KNOW? “In the late 1970s our tasting room doubled as a garage for my dad’s car and everything had to be packed up in the evenings,” Jean says. “When my mom, who managed the tasting room in the mornings, fetched me at school, my grandfather was on duty. But we soon discovered that every time he met someone he liked, he wouldn’t RUST EN VREDE Rust en Vrede only produces superpremium charge them for the Rust en Vrede near Stellenbosch was Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Syrah, and wine. I think my dad established in 1694 by Cape governor Willem blends containing these varietals. “My father put an end to that Adriaan van der Stel. In the early 1700s it was believed these cultivars suited our terroir best, pretty fast!” divided into two properties, the one portion however our winemaker, Coenie Snyman, Rust en Vrede retained the name Rust en Vrede. The fi rst and I decided to focus on only Cabernet and wines were also cellar was built in 1782 and wine was produced Syrah going forward so the 2018 Merlot vintage chosen by former intermittently over the following centuries. is our last,” Jean says. Rust en Vrede has President Nelson But it wasn’t until Springbok rugby legend been awarded many local and international Mandela to be served Jannie Engelbrecht bought the farm in 1977 accolades, and was the fi rst South African at the 1993 Nobel that its winemaking traditions were revived. winery to have a red wine listed as a global Top Peace Prize dinner The Engelbrechts and their ancestors had 100 wine. It’s also the only South African winery in Oslo and the farm been grape growers since the early 1700s and to appear on Top 100 lists for both its wines and hosted the Queen of became wine producers for the fi rst time when restaurant. w Denmark for lunch at they settled at Rust en Vrede. Jannie’s son, the Manor House in Jean, now heads the estate. “I think it’s easier 1996. to run a wine farm as a family business rather than a corporate entity as the wine industry requires warmth and personal interaction and a Former President Nelson diff erent set of values to that of larger corporate Mandela hosted the fi rst visit companies,” he says. of an American president to South Africa at Vergelegen. VAN DIE

KAAPTOT CALITZDORP Willem Nel verander. In 1690 koop hy Die Suid-Afrikaanse sy eerste plaas, Blaauwklippen, naby Stellenbosch. wynbedryf is dikwels nou Guillaume en Jeanne het 10 kinders gehad. Van hierdie nageslag het verweef met verhale van stelselmatig binneland toe beweeg die pioniersgesinne wat en hulle noord van Calitzdorp in die Groenfonteinvallei gevestig. Op hulle in die Kaap gevestig 2 April 1760 het Louis Nel die plaas Groenfontein op lening van die Suid- het. Hul nasate speel in Afrikaanse regering ontvang om daar te baie gevalle vandag nog ’n begin boer. ’n Kaart in die Calitzdorpse museum wys sy nasaat, Daniel Nel, het baanbrekerrol. teen 1847 amper die hele Kangorivier (bekend as die Nelsrivier) en grond tussen Calitzdorp en Kraaldoorn besit. DEUR JOHANNES RICHTER DIE CLOETE-KONNEKSIE oe koning Louis XIV van Die Cloetes se geskiedenis loop sover Frankryk die Edik van terug as die Kaapse kolonie self. Die Nantes in Oktober 1685 stamvader, Jacob Cloete, het in 1652, opgehef en Protestantisme dieselfde jaar as Jan van Riebeeck, vanaf onwettig verklaar het, het baie Keulen (in die hedendaagse Duitsland) Protestante die Vereenigde in die Kaap aangekom. Jacob was Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) se een van die eerste vryburgers in die Taanbod om hulp aangegryp. Onder hulle Liesbeekvallei – werknemers van die was die Néel-gesin van Normandië. VOC wat vir eie gewin kon boer. Jacob se tweede seun, Coenraad, vestig hom Simon van der Stel het die Hugenote se in Drakenstein en sy kleinkinders sou kennis van wynbou en olyfboerdery in later bekend word vir hul aandeel in die Kaap verwelkom. Constantia se wyne. Sy oudste seun, Guillaume Néel het aanvanklik saam Gerrit Jacobus, woon op Rondebosch en met die Franse Hugenote uit Rouen, is later op Stellenbosch oorlede. Normandië, na Amsterdam gevlug, In 1713 breek ’n pokke-epidemie in waar hy in 1685 met Jeanne de la Batte die Kaap uit nadat ’n skip uit Indië in die getroud is. Die gesin het met die VOC Kaap aanland met besmette wasgoed Die Ouma Nettie-strooiwyn, gemaak van se hulp in 1688 na Suid-Afrika gekom. aan boord. Dit saai verwoesting onder Viognier en Muskadel, is vernoem na Guillaume het waarskynlik onder die plaaslike bevolking. Amper ’n Carel Nel se ouma, Nettie Cloete. die Hollandse invloed sy naam na kwart van die setlaars is uitgewis en

34 SEPTEMBER 2019 minder as 10% van die Wes-Kaap se inheemse Khoi-bevolking het oorleef. Gerrit se oudste seun, Jacob, en sy vrou, Francina, sterf saam met ander lede van hul familie. Hul oorlewende kinders trek onder andere na Worcester en Matjiesvlei noord van Calitzdorp. In die 1860’s, toe Groot Constantia deur onder andere filloksera geteister is en baie gesinne groener weivelde moes soek, was hierdie been van die Cloetes reeds in die vrugbare Huisriviervallei doenig. Jeannetha Wilhelmina Cloete (Ouma Nettie) is in 1899 op Calitzdorp gebore, waar sy en Carel Christiaan Nel (1896-1956) later getroud is.

’N NUWE WENDING “In 1880 het my oupagrootjie, Daniel Nel, die eerste brandewyn op Boplaas gestook,” vertel Carel Nel, eienaar en keldermeester van Boplaas-wynkelder op Calitzdorp. “Die brandewyn is in vaatjies op ’n ossewa Kaapstadse hawe toe aangery en na Londen verskeep.” Nadat die meeste privaat stooklisensies vroeg in die 1920’s opgehef is, het die koperpotketel amper 70 jaar lank in onbruik verval totdat Boplaas in 1989 die eerste wynplaas in Suid-Afrika word om weer ’n kommersiële stooklisensie te bekom. Boplaas het in 1994 die eerste landgoedbrandewyn in Suid-Afrika bekendgestel. Daniel Nel, die sesde Nel-geslag op Boplaas, distilleer nou ook ’n reeks whiskies en jenewers. Die whiskies Die Nels wat vandag op Boplaas boer: Jeanne, Carel, Rozzanel en Daniel. word ongeveer vyf jaar lank in ou Amerikaanse whiskeyvate verouder en daarna na ou Tawny Port- en Vintage dit bevestig: die Shiraz was al die tyd Carel se dogter, Margaux, is nou al Port-vate oorgeplaas. “Die konneksie met Tinta Barocca. ’n Besoek aan Portugal die sewende Nel-geslag op die plaas en port is oral,” sê Daniel. “Selfs die jenewer is gou gereël en die Nels het by Douro het reeds die leisels opgetel deur haar wat in Ruby Port-vate geberg word, tel se voorste port-produsente gaan kers meestersgraad in wingerdboukunde daardie kleur op.” opsteek om onder andere die kuns van aan die Universiteit Stellenbosch te wêreldklas-portstyl wyne te leer. Boplaas voltooi oor die effek van die Klein-Karoo ’N GAWE GELUKKIE het ’n toonaangewende rol gespeel om se terroir op Touriga Naçional. “In die 1960’s het my pa-hulle op Suid-Afrikaanse port op internasionale Carel sê die bedryf het heelwat tafelwyn begin fokus,” sê Carel. Sy pa, standaard te bring, en in 1989 het verander. “Dit is deesdae meer Danie, was vreeslik lief vir tafelwyn Boplaas die land se eerste port in die internasionaal blootgestel en uit die Swartland. Hy het in die vroeë Portugese droër styl en met hoër alkohol verbruikers het oor die afgelope paar sewentigerjare van ’n besoek aan die vrygestel. dekades baie meer gesofistikeerd Swartland teruggekom met sy Chevy Die huidige kelder is in 1980 gebou geraak.” Maar met so ’n sterk stamboom tot teen die dak volgelaai met Pinotage en die eerste oesjaar enkelvariëteit- is die wynmakers van Calitzdorp en Shiraz. Die Shiraz het besonder goed tafelwyn op Boplaas is in 1982 van die oorgehaal vir die toekoms. “Ons wyne aftrek gekry en daar is summier besluit Tinta Barocca gemaak. “Die Portugese is op dieselfde vlak en selfs hoër as om dit aan te plant. kultivars maak komplekse wyne en is die Portugese wyne. Die kwaliteit van Dit was eers toe Carel as uitstekend saam met kos,” sê Carel. “Die ons wyn en port is wêreldklas en kan wynkundestudent aan die Universiteit kultivars gaan ’n groot rol speel met meeding met die beste in die wêreld. Stellenbosch begin studeer het dat hy klimaatsverandering en selfs Bordeaux Verbruikers is bederf met topkwaliteit- vermoed het die stokkies wat sy pa in het onlangs aanbeveel dat Touriga wyn en kan kies en keur uit ’n die Swartland gaan haal het, nie Shiraz Naçional in daardie streek aangeplant fantastiese verskeidenheid.” w is nie. Sy professor, Chris Orffer, het word.”

SEPTEMBER 2019 35 Situated 70-343 metres above sea level, Klein Constantia has a unique cool-climate terroir.

RESURRECTING False Bay had by far the best potential. Lying between the Indian and Atlantic A SOUTH AFRICAN Oceans, it was cooled by moisture-laden winds and its granite soil, which had weathered down over millennia, was ideal for the successful planting of vines and making of fine wines. The French farmers Van der Stel recruited bottled the first drinkable Cape wines by the 1680s. But “drinkable” wasn’t good enough for the BY ANTON PRETORIUS governor’s tastes. He issued an official Klein Constantia’s ICON decree that made it legally necessary to uring the 18th and 19th produce high-quality wine in the Cape. vineyards have been centuries Constantia was Winemakers who harvesting grapes witness to over 330 recognised as one of the great before they were fully ripe or fermenting wines of the world. wine in dirty barrels ran the risk of years of history. For The story of this legendary being heavily fined. Dwine began in 1679 when the dynamic After Van der Stel’s death in 1712 the past 10 years this 10th commander of the Cape of Good the estate was sold and split into three legendary wine estate Hope, Simon van der Stel, realised the parts, known today as Klein Constantia, small colony was more than just a halfway Groot Constantia (later renamed Hoop has returned to its roots house, but a place of real significance. op Constantia) and Bergvliet. Groot With 2 500 ha of prime Constantia land Constantia, where Van der Stel’s house with terroir-driven and at his disposal he set men to work, digging stood, fell into disrepair and eventually up basketfuls of soil all along the southern the vines gave way to unkempt sustainable vineyard slopes of the Cape Peninsula. Tests of fields. With his death, the culture of practices. samples showed that the valley facing winemaking in the Cape nearly died too.

36 SEPTEMBER 2019 PICTURES: SUPPLIED

In her famous 1811 novel, Sense and Sensibility, Jane Austen recommends “a little Constantia for its healing powers on a disappointed heart.”

Visitors to Klein Constantia can enhance their experience with a cellar tour and choosing the privacy of Duggie’s Dungeon for their tasting.

Fortunately Klein Constantia fell into vines. The Constantia sweet wine grew that it was an original South African the hands of Johannes Colijn, the son of in fame, even landing in the hands of wine that refused to shelter behind the a wealthy freed slave of West African Napoleon Bonaparte and Louis XVI, and safety of a European name such as Hock descent. He set to work, tending the getting a mention in the written works of or Cape Madeira. Neither did it need vines and keeping the Constantia name both Jane Austen and Charles Dickens. the support of a well-known variety. It alive with his wine. He also negotiated Napoleon had up to 1 126 litres shipped became famous as Constantia. End of the first shipment of Constantia wines to to him during his exile on St Helena. story. Europe, bringing the Cape’s wine to the From the mid-1770s the Constantia continent for the first time. wine brand popped up all over the THE END (AND BEGINNING) OF AN ERA “Johannes Colijn was an expert globe. Prussian emperor Frederick the It seemed there was nowhere to go but marketer,” Klein Constantia front-of- Great had 409 bottles of Constantia upwards for the Cape wine industry. But house manager Alan Wickstrom says. sweet wine in the wine cellar of his what goes up must come down. And it It’s well documented that he had a Potsdam castle. Other world leaders who came down hard in the late 1800s. far-reaching influence among royalty, were fans included George Washington, “The export industry took a hit when world leaders and celebrities around the Marie Antoinette, Louis Philippe I, and preferential tariffs were removed by world. “Johannes made Constantia the Otto von Bismarck. London’s Daily the British,” Alan says. “Then in 1886 greatest and most sought-after wine in Advertiser even ran an advertisement almost all the vineyards were decimated all of Europe.” for “genuine red and white Constantia by phylloxera.” The industry ground The modern-day Klein Constantia has Cape Wine” in the 11 June 1743 issue of to a complete halt and when it came to learnt a great deal from him. “In terms the paper, describing the wine as “very replanting, those who were bold enough of international marketing, we’re on bright and of fine flavour”. to continue the trade grew grapes with the same path. It’s not just about selling “Most experts agree that the original a high yield. The Constantia legend all our wine. It’s also about where we sell Constantia wine was a natural, but disappeared with only the odd bottle it. Ultimately, it’s about positioning our unfortified sweet wine,” Alan says. “Back confined to the dusty cellars of dead brand.” then, Constantia wine varieties consisted tsars and long-forgotten wine collectors. In 1779 a portion of the estate was of red and white Muscadel, red Pontac, Fast-forward almost a century to 1980 sold to the Cloete family. They lived in white Frontignac and Steen.” The real when Duggie Jooste purchased Klein the manor house and planted more significance of Constantia’s success was Constantia. He invited Professor Chris

SEPTEMBER 2019 37 be the right one because in only eight years he had restored Vin de Constance to its former glory. He set about building a team of specialists to solidify Klein Constantia’s position and re-establish the brand on the world stage. His priority was to ensure he had the right people in the winemaking and viticultural positions. The boldest and best decision he made was to promote Matthew Day, then only 25, to winemaker and assemble an excellent team to support him, including farm manager Craig Harris. Hans also knew the importance of building a special sense of community at Klein Constantia. “All great brands are built from the inside by the people working for you,” he says. “I’m just the visionary coach. It’s obviously important to have excellent water for the cellar and Klein The estate’s 35-year-old Muscat de Frontignan vines are planted with goblet bush vine and Constantia has the best and cleanest vertical shoot positioning which are excellent for ripening and raisining. water in the valley, collected from rain.” In 2012 he stopped all irrigation and Orffer, the former head of Stellenbosch Duggie planted the Muscat de installed a water-treatment plant to University’s viticulture department, to Frontignan in 1983 and with the help supply the entire farm. He also reviewed dinner. “Do you realise that during the of the late renowned winemaker Ross effluent wastage and set up collection 18th and 19th century only one truly great Gower, Klein Constantia released the points for grey water. A replanting wine was ever made in the Southern maiden Vin de Constance 1986 in 1990. programme of more resistant rootstock Hemisphere and do you know where it But Vin de Constance was yet to acquire that required less water was rolled was made?” Professor Orffer asked as they the cult status its predecessor had out, the latest trellising and pruning stood on the stoep of the homestead. enjoyed a century earlier. techniques were applied, and erosion “Where?” Duggie asked. control was implemented. “Right here,” Professor Orffer said. THE OUTSIDE INFLUENCE Solar panels were installed the “Right here in this valley and this farm of Klein Constantia changed hands once following year and since then the estate yours is part of those vineyards.” more when Czech-American investor has run independently of the City of For four decades Professor Orffer and philanthropist Zdenek Bakala and Cape Town’s water and electricity grids. had investigated all aspects – historical, UK-based businessman Charles Harman In 2013 Klein Constantia’s grapes and viticultural and oenological – of the bought the estate from the Jooste family wine were the first in Constantia to be once world-famous Constantia wines. in 2011. The new owners appointed certified organic and farming operations Working closely with viticulturist Ernst Hans Aström as managing director in were converted to biodynamic practices, le Roux, he oversaw the selection and 2012 to restore Vin de Constance to its including following the lunar calendar. propagation of a special clone of Muscat former glory. As a result, the grape quality and de Frontignan, possibly descended from The decision to appoint Hans, who production improved dramatically. cuttings originally imported by Jan van had 26 years of experience in the In 2014/15 a state-of-the-art winery Riebeeck in 1656. international wine business, proved to was build, Vin de Constance’s packaging

38 SEPTEMBER 2019 PHOTOS SUPPLIED BY KLEIN CONSTANTIA.

To minimise the impact in the vineyard, Percheron horses are used to plough the Perdeblokke Sauvignon Blanc vineyards. was reviewed and the iconic bottle de Frontignan, used to make Vin de During the 1980s Percheron horses re-engineered for better ageing. Constance natural sweet dessert wine. were used to plough the steeper The homestead was also completely The soil originates from 600-million- Sauvignon Blanc vineyards, hence the refurbished, the tasting room and year-old granite with high clay content name Perdeblokke. “Following in this offi ces rebuilt, and a restaurant was which ensures good water retention. tradition, we’ve trained two Percherons established. Klein Constantia’s soil types can be to plough these vineyards,” Alan says. divided mainly between the deep fertile “It gives us low impact in the vineyard.” IT’S ALL ABOUT TERROIR Oakleaf and drier Glenrosa, with a They even looked at how vines were While Vin de Constance is Klein saprolite subsoil. pruned 200 years ago. “We now spend Constantia’s noblest wine, it’s the estate’s over R1 million a year on an Italian Other cultivars planted on the estate fl agship range of Sauvignon Blanc – specialist to show us sustainable are Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon, which comprises 80% of the planted pruning techniques using old methods.” Malbec, Petit Verdot, Riesling, Sémillon varieties – that pays the bills. Klein Vin de Constance is one of the most and Perdeblokke Sauvignon Blanc. Constantia produces about 120 000 successful sweet wines in the world “We plant the same way Simon van bottles of Sauvignon Blanc a year. with sales and profi tability having der Stel did,” Alan says. “There’s a lot The estate’s cool-climate terroir has a increased tenfold since its ‘re-release’ of revisiting going on here at Klein strong infl uence on the character of the in 1990. And from this month, it will Constantia. The Muscat de Frontignan wine. Both soil and climatic conditions be distributed by three of the most vines were planted by Duggie Jooste in are ideal for producing grapes with prestigious Bordeaux négociant houses, 1983 with vertical shoot positioning and ample fruit fl avours. Situated 70-343 making it the fi rst South African wine goblet bush vine which are excellent for metres above sea level, Klein Constantia to be listed on the famous La Place de ripening and raisining.” benefi ts from a constant sea breeze Bordeaux. “To be compared with the above 150 metres so temperatures Throughout the season the Klein best, we have to play with the best,” remain cool to preserve the fruit during Constantia team harvests the Muscat Hans says. “The Bordeaux initiative ripening. With the ocean a mere 10 km de Frontignan in batches, from the riper shows that we’ve achieved our away, the wind plays another important berries that have great acidity to the ambition. Vin de Constance is up there factor, often stressing the vineyard and raisins for sugar concentration. These with the real icons of the world.” w resulting in an increase in concentration batches form the perfect ratio between of fl avour. sugar, alcohol and acidity, which allows The vineyards are planted on the wine to stop fermentation naturally 39-degree slopes, so there are many and without intervention. “Our wine diverse pockets of terroir that create is the culmination of great attention to a unique character for each vineyard detail, from bunch and berry sorting to block. About 90% of the property is barrel ageing and cellaring,” Alan says. south- to east-facing and the higher During harvest time up to 70 people slopes are among the coldest slopes in work around the clock and even do the Western Cape. The limited sunlight individual berry picking on the Muscat hours and low temperatures are ideal de Frontignan. “As the vineyards are for preserving the acidity and pH of located on such steep slopes, it takes View the vineyards white varieties, especially Sauvignon twice as long to do anything. But here For a close-up look at Klein Blanc. it’s all about accuracy. We’re hectically Constantia’s vineyards, scan this The cool climate also creates the terroir-driven and it all starts in the QR code with your smartphone. ideal growing conditions for Muscat vineyard.”

SEPTEMBER 2019 39 Of dit nou goue medaljes by wynkompetisies of beïndrukte kritici in Suid-Afrika en die buiteland is, Pinotage geniet tans sy oomblik in die son. Maar wie is die oorspronklike Pinotage-pionier? Lanzerac, die historiese wynlandgoed in Stellenbosch, het sy vlag geplant op dié trots Suid-Afrikaanse kultivar. SUID-AFRIKA SE Boerewynmakery (SBW), die potensiaal van die oes raakgesien het. Hulle het in 1961 die wêreld se eerste gebotteleerde Pinotage onder die Lanzerac-etiket vrygestel. Ses dekades ná daardie merkwaardige oesjaar bly net ’n PINOTAGE- handjievol van die 1959 Pinotage oor in privaat kelders, Lanzerac se vinoteek en in Stellenbosch se bekende (en geheimsinnige) Tabernakel van wyn in Distell se Adam Tas-kelders. Dit is ’n goed bewaarde ikoon van hierdie unieke Suid-Afrikaanse druifsoort. PIONIER Wynand het onlangs ’n proe gedoen DEUR ANTON PRETORIUS van dié Pinotage en beskryf dit as “merkwaardig en nog springlewendig”. inotage geniet vandag ’n woning, net oor die twee kilometer ver Hoewel nuwe aanplantings van herlewing in styl en gewildheid. van die historiese Lanzerac-herehuis. Cabernet Sauvignon en Shiraz oor Maar dit het lank gevat vir Teen die laat 1950’s was prof Perold die afgelope dekade afgeneem het, Suid-Afrikaanse wynmakers se skepping nog onbekend onder baie bly Pinotage aan die toeneem en om die ware potensiaal van wynliefhebbers, en jy sou beslis nie ’n verteenwoordig dit tans 7.3% van Suid- PPinotage te besef. Die geboorte van dié bottel Pinotage in een van Kaapstad Afrika se totale oppervlakte onder druifsoort is alombekend. Abraham se voorste restaurante opspoor nie. wingerd. Dit is grootliks te danke aan Izak Perold, die eerste professor in “Daar was baie Pinotage in die grond, passievolle Pinotage-aanhangers soos wingerdboukunde aan die Universiteit maar dit is alles gebruik vir droë Wynand, wat onverpoosd werk om Stellenbosch, het Pinotage in 1925 rooiwynversnitte,” sê Wynand Lategan, bekroonde wyne te maak wat die geskep toe hy twee klassieke Franse keldermeester by Lanzerac. “Niemand potensiaal en karakter van dié kultivar druifvariëteite – Pinot Noir en Hermitage het die wyn gemaak en as Pinotage herdefinieer. (ook bekend as Cinsaut) – gekruis het. gebotteleer nie.” Ná sy vroeë loopbaan in die wêreld Sy kruisbestuiwing het slegs vier sade Dit het alles verander met die oes van sport en finansiële joernalistiek, geproduseer, maar hy het dit geplant en van 1959 toe die destydse eienaars het Wynand se toenemende passie vir versorg in die tuin van sy Welgevallen- van die Lanzerac-boedel, Stellenbosch wyn begin toe hy sy sigblaaie vir die

40 SEPTEMBER 2019 kelders van Elsenburg-landboukollege wynland drasties verander om die verruil het en sy diploma in wyn en elegante karakter van die kultivar ten keldertegnologie verwerf het. Hy het toon te stel. oesondervinding opgedoen by die “Oor die afgelope dekade is daar ’n bekende Bordeaux Château Durfort- sterker benadering tot ’n meer verfynde Viviens voordat hy in 2005 by Lanzerac styl van Pinotage, maar een wat ook aangesluit het. Oor die afgelope 14 oeste meer gebalanseerd is,” sê Wynand. “Hier het hy die landgoed se wynmaakfi losofi e by Lanzerac streef ons gedurig daarna voortdurend verfyn met ’n balans tussen om die sweet spot tussen varsheid, elegansie en krag wat vandag eiesoortig elegansie en krag te kry. Die reis na die aan Lanzerac se wyne is. skep van onvergeetlike Pinotage begin “Hul kenmerkende karakter is iets wat in die wingerd. Ons fokus op bosstok Vir ’n visuele uitbeelding van mettertyd ontwikkel het,” sê Wynand. en versigtige lowerbestuur om ware die 1959 Lanzerac Pinotage en “As jy na die ouer oesjare kyk, was die balans en fenoliese rypheid in die die historiese wynlandgoed op alkoholvlakke baie laer en is die druiwe vrug te verseker. In die kelder is daar Stellenbosch, skandeer die QR- vroeër gepluk as wat ons dit vandag minimale ingryping en ons laat die kode met jou slimfoon. doen. Die wyne is nie gemaak om jonk fermentasieproses natuurlik gebeur.” te drink nie, maar met hoë sure en sterk Wynand sê daar móét ’n balans tanniene het dit mettertyd ontwikkel.” in die wingerd wees. “Ons behandel ons Pinotage soos ’n edelkultivar. Om DIT BEGIN IN DIE WINGERD ’n goeie Pinotage te maak moet jou Gedurende die 1990’s het Pinotage opbrengs minder as 10 ton per hektaar se reputasie ’n knou gekry weens wees. Ons doen tussen ses en agt ton Die terroir van die die produksie van te veel druiwe per per hektaar. Dit is ook nodig om genoeg eff ektiewe blaaroppervlakte asook sonlig op die meer stywer trosse te kry Jonkershoekvallei maak harde behandeling in die kelder. Maar om eweredige rypwording te verseker.” ons Pinotage uniek, sedertdien het die benadering tot Deel van Lanzerac se innoverende Pinotage regoor die Suid-Afrikaanse wingerdboukundige benadering is om sê Wynand.

Lanzerac Pinotage 1959 was die wêreld se eerste gebotteleerde Pinotage. Hier, in Lanzerac se private proe area, hou die vader van Pinotage, prof Abraham Perold, sy skepping fyn dop. Lanzerac se wingerdboukundige, Danie Malherbe, warm somersdae. en die landgoed se Maar dit is Lanzerac Pinotage – met sy wynmaker, voller en meer komplekse balans tussen Wynand Lategan. vrugte en tannienstruktuur – wat ’n meer ernstige uitdrukking van dié variëteit is. As daar ’n wyn is wat werklik die potensiaal van Pinotage illustreer, is dit Lanzerac se Het jy geweet? Pionier Pinotage. Dié vlagskipwyn Die vrystelling van die 1959 in Lanzerac se Lanzerac Pinotage het ’n groot erfenisreeks bring hulde aan drie eeue sensasie veroorsaak toe dit in van wynmaak by dieselfde jaar as die kampioen die landgoed. van die Kaapse Jongwynskou Die druiwe vir Pionier Pinotage aangewys is. Wynliefhebbers het word gekies gesukkel om te glo dat klassieke uit ’n enkele wingerd in die kultivars deur ’n Pinotage Jonkershoekvallei uitgestof kon word. wat in 1996 geplant is. Dit is ook die wyn wat die minste ingryping in die kelder vereis. “Hierdie wingerd het goeie balans,” sê Wynand. Hy maak staat op oop gistenke en wilde gisting vir Pionier Pinotage. “Natuurlike fermentasie is ’n stadiger gisproses en gee ons ’n meer outentieke weerspieëling van die terroir. Dit gee ons ook meer tyd vir ’n sagter ekstraksie van kleur en tannien wat vrugtekarakter en kompleksiteit lewer sonder enige hardheid.” Van toeka tot nou. So lyk Lanzerac se Pinotage-reis deur die jare. Ná fermentasie word die druiwe deur ’n mandjiepers gesit en word die sap in ’n barrique (eikehoutvat) oorgetap. Hier word die wyn tot 22 maande lank verouder waar dit verdere kompleksiteit die besondere terroir van die landgoed lei van die wingerd tot in die vat en die ontwikkel en die eiketanniene se Pinotage-wingerde ten toon te stel, bottel. “Omdat die druiwe ons soveel gee, geïntegreer word om tot Pionier waarvan die meeste hoog teen die is ons benadering om die vrug liggies te Pinotage se uitsonderlike lang lewe in berghange van die Jonkershoekvallei hanteer. Die terroir lewer baie kleur en die bottel by te dra. geleë is. Hier geniet die wingerde vrugtekarakter, wat beteken dat ons in Vir Wynand en sy wynmaakspan is die voordeel van winterreën en koel die kelder heelwat sagter met die wyn dit ’n terugkeer na die verlede. “Die styl temperature gedurende die somer. Die werk. Die kuns is om die balans tussen van die wynmaak is nog baie dieselfde wingerd se wortels groei diep in grond krag en elegansie te vind.” as in die 1950’s, met minimale ingryping. van ontbinde sandsteen en graniet met Hierdie noukeurige aandag aan die Natuurlik het ons baie van die tegnieke ’n laag waterhoudende klei. fyner kuns van wynmaak is duidelik te en toerusting verfyn. Maar die filosofie “Die terroir van die Jonkershoekvallei bespeur oor die drie Pinotage-wyne in destyds was dat die wyn in die wingerd maak ons Pinotage eiesoortig,” sê die Lanzerac-portefeulje. Die reeks begin gemaak moet word.” Wynand. “Weens die grond en die met die toeganklike Lanzerac Pinotage Dit is byna ’n eeu sedert hierdie bergklimaat moet die wingerde effens Rosé. Die druiwe wat vir die wyn gepluk merkwaardige Suid-Afrikaanse kultivar harder werk wat meer struktuur en word, is afkomstig van wingerde wat vir die eerste keer in Stellenbosch hoër natuurlike suurheid in die wyn die wynlandgoed se proelokaal en deli geplant is en presies 60 jaar ná die toelaat.” In die kelder poog hy om die omring. Beperkte dopkontak lewer ’n ikoniese oes van 1959. Prof Perold sou uitsonderlike karakter van die wingerde delikate rooskleurige wyn met baie vrug beslis trots gewees het op hoe ver sy te bewaar deur die druiwe liggies af te en varsheid, wat dit ideaal maak vir skepping gekom het. w

42 SEPTEMBER 2019 PROMOTIONAL ARTICLE KWV Cathedral Cellar’s premium range of wines.

A FINE BALANCE: TRENDS WITH TRADITION

WV, which celebrated its centenary circumference and having a 12 000-litre last year, is not only one of the capacity, it’s easy to understand why this K most admired wine brands in the brand home is unlike any other in South world, it’s also a leading innovator in the Africa. industry. Whether with branding and This incredible space was also the marketing or innovative, market-leading inspiration for Cathedral Cellar’s new product launches, the 101-year-old South wine labels. The Cathedral Cellar range African wine and spirits company has comprises a Cabernet Sauvignon, illustrated it has what it takes to remain a Shiraz, Triptych (a red blend), leader in an ever-challenging market. Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc, all This innovative energy has found beautifully emblazoned with copper remarkable expression in KWV’s line renditions of their brand home. Cathedral Cellar premium range of The labels also honour the cellar’s most wines. Here is a brand that, through impressive feature: the giant barrels, 15 compelling and authentic storytelling of which include carvings portraying has managed to cleverly merge the South Africa’s wine history. by the wine world’s fiercest critics. extensive history and provenance of Cathedral Cellar also shares these British Master of Wine, Tim Atkin, for KWV – and the South African wine stories with consumers with its instance gave outstanding scores to industry – with a contemporary product augmented reality labels, making it one Cathedral Cellar’s Sauvignon Blanc in a way that’s both sentimental and of the first South African wine brands 2017 (91/100), Cabernet Sauvignon 2015 trend-setting. It does this using a to use this innovative technology. (91/100) and Triptych 2015 (93/100), three-tiered approach, which includes Cathedral Cellar’s storytelling vats now and Cathedral Cellar Shiraz 2016 was a spectacular brand home and come alive with an app developed rated one of the Cape Winelands’ top-12 venue, recently launched interactive by label print and augmented reality wines at the seventh annual Shiraz SA augmented reality labels and award- experts LABELinmotion by Vollherbst. Challenge. winning wines of remarkable quality. Using this app, consumers can scan With these remarkable achievements With consumer enjoyment and Cathedral Cellar’s new labels and watch and innovative marketing strategies, authentic experiences at its core, the brand’s story unfold. They will see Cathedral Cellar has successfully Cathedral Cellar relaunched its brand KWV cellar master Wim Truter appear secured relevance as a brand leader home last year as an events and private- on the façade of the bottle to provide and pioneer. It also ensures consumer dining venue under the custodianship guided wine notes on each of the wines loyalty with a commitment to quality of ambassador chef Mynhardt Joubert. and share the stories that inspired their and authenticity that puts consumers Upon opening its doors, the Cathedral make-up. first. Cellar was immediately predicted to Of course, storytelling is only one With such an engaging strategy it’s become the most sought-after exclusive aspect of Cathedral Cellar wines. fun to imagine what might be next for venue in the Winelands. With its Another is their exceptional quality, Cathedral Cellar. But brand manager spectacular vaulted roof and stained- achieved with a meticulous grape Tanya Blokdyk is tight-lipped, alluding glass windows reminiscent of a grand selection from the best vineyard sites only to “the next big thing”. Wine lovers cathedral, and its display of 32 giant across the Western Cape, and providing can however rest assured it will be wine barrels, each three metres in an expression of excellence recognised refreshingly innovative! w

021 807 3007 • www.kwvcathedralcellar.co.za • Instagram @kwv_cathedralcellar • facebook @kwv_cathedralcellar

SEPTEMBER 2019 43 Marius van Tonder, owner of Vinéa South Africa. PHOTO AND COVER IMAGE: ESTIE DU PLESSIS: WINELANDS PHOTOGRAPHY VINÉA REINVENTS THE BARREL COVER PAGE PROMOTION PICTURE: CCI OF LA ROCHELLE

Tonnellerie Vinéa has been renowned as a pioneering force in the wine industry since its start in 1994, especially in the fi eld of alternative oak products. But recently it is their range of Eclat barrels that has captured the attention of the trade, expanding the PICTURE: OLIVIER GUÉRIN possibilities and expectations of what ageing in oak could

bring to wines. Owner Jean-Christope Varron and his daughter Anouck Chapuzet, CEO of Vinea inéa is delighted with the France, also received the Emergence Award recognition it received at from the CCI of La Rochelle for the Owner Jean-Christophe Varron manning the ceramic-toast barrels. steam chamber. the prestigious Vinitech Sifel Innovation Trophy Awards for its ground-breaking Hŷdro-Ceramic Vbarrel-toasting method used for its range NO FIRE, NO SMOKE of Eclat barrels. The announcement was baking,” Marius says. “Visiting made at last year’s bi-annual Bordeaux Few products compare with the Eclat the cooperage is a truly Vinitech show. The event is the largest Hŷdro-Ceramic barrel. All other wine amazing experience.” trade show of its kind in the world and to barrels produced in the world come The water used to produce the win one of the few awards on off er is an into contact with fi re at some point, steam is vitalised using a patented incredible feat. while the Eclat Hŷdro-Ceramic barrel Alpine system that has proved The selection panel includes many is never exposed to fl ames or smoke. eff ective in numerous applications multidisciplinary experts, recognised Bending of the staves is done throughout the world, including as leaders in their respective fi elds after they’ve been placed in a steam homoeopathy. The saturation throughout the wine industry. Originality, chamber using vitalised steam. of the oak with vitalised water interest to users, technical and economic When the Hŷdro-Ceramic barrel’s “washes” the tannins, thereby interest, and environmental impact, staves have been bent and are enabling a barrel-ageing process were the main criteria the panel used still saturated with steam, they are that’s more respectful of the wines to distinguish the recipients of these immediately cooked using a ceramic than traditional barrels, even awards from the rest of the fi eld. toasting process. This heat gently during short ageing periods. For Vinéa this award is the culmination radiates throughout the entire depth Using a semi-pressurised steam of its eff orts over the past eight years of the oak staves and, since water chamber saves more energy to bring this innovative and unique conducts heat more effi ciently than than immersing staves in big, process to the wine industry. “This air, it results in an even toasting that heated water baths for traditional trophy corroborates the feedback we’ve penetrates into the heart of the wood. stave-bending procedures. It also received from winemakers across the This enables the polysaccharides, avoids any risk of contamination globe who appreciate our barrels for cellulose and hemicellulose to be from batch to batch and coopers amplifying their wines’ distinctive terroir eff ectively caramelised and leads to appreciate the smoke-free work attributes to give them a true sense of more sucrosity and roundness on the environment. place,” Vinéa SA owner Marius van mid-palate. The Hŷdro-Ceramic barrel’s Tonder says. Rather than the notes of ageing properties are unique. The The Vinéa team is immensely proud smoke and soot released during barrel has never been exposed to of owner Jean-Christophe Varron who the traditional fi re-toasting smoke but has instead received in- had the vision to create a barrel all procedure, the Hŷdro-Ceramic depth steam-toasting to emphasise winemakers can use to bring their procedure releases lighter notes fruity notes during the ageing wines’ unique characteristics to the fore of cakes and pastries. “The process and the gentle integration rather than overwhelm the bouquet aromas are similar to those of well-rounded, fresh tannins, for with the smoky fl avours traditionally released when macaroons are both red and white wines. w associated with fi re toasting.

Marius van Tonder • 082 616 0610 • [email protected]

SEPTEMBER 2019 45 FOCUS ON WOOD

ONE BARREL, ONE TREE

ounded in 1996, Tonnellerie Cadus has created a strong niche for itself F in market share and sales figures. Compared to other competitors in the Côte d’Or region, who have been in the business for up to three generations, the company is considered ‘young’. The cooperage produces about 20 000 barrels a year ranging from 225- 500 litres in size. It has 43 employees based at the cooperage in Ladoix- Serrigny, a small village in Burgundy, France. Several agents represent the Cadus brand in various wine-producing countries worldwide. Tonnellerie Cadus has two main shareholders – the famous Burgundian wine producer Louis Jadot and the Canadell Group, a French stave mill operation and one of the biggest buyers of oak in the country. Canadell provides Cadus with a secure supply of high- quality staves, while Louis Jadot, Cadus’ largest client, boasts many Burgundian appellations such as Chablis and Macon. “A wine must contain variations related to its terroir and climate,” says Tonnellerie Cadus president Antoine de Thoury. “Our barrels must not overwhelm the nuances.” The Tonnellerie Cadus list of customers now exceeds 2 000, from which 70% of its turnover comes via the export market. The largest client base is in the USA, followed by Bordeaux, Burgundy, Italy, Spain, South America, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, to name but a few. A close eye is kept on the emerging markets with the cooperage industry growing a fair amount in size over the last few years. The cooperage uses only French oak sourced from forests around Tronçais, Bertranges and Cîteaux. “Thanks to Canadell, we have access to very high- quality wood, from French forests that they know well,” Antoine says. Cadus has developed toasting techniques that can be reproduced every year. The company offers four toasting levels: M-, M, M+ and M++. Unlike other cooperages, it does long but low- temperature toasting. “We prefer to toast lightly so as not to damage the wood and to prevent the flames from burning it,” Antoine says.

46 SEPTEMBER 2019 FOCUS ON WOOD

“Toasting imparts the flavour that will one tree” by replanting Sessile and support the wine. It must be balanced not Pendunculate oaks in several French to overwhelm the wine.” regions. It contributed towards the This toasting protocol has changed planting of over 60 000 trees in France and evolved over the years as a result by the end of last year. “In so doing of customer feedback and tastings. This we’re putting something back into the is what allows Tonnellerie Cadus to cooperage industry,” Antoine says. Oak now offer its customers “a result, rather trees need to grow for over 200 years than a type of barrel,” says Antoine. before they can be felled and used to “Depending on the winemaker’s produce barrels. desired result, we make them a Cadus is committed to sustainability. recommendation.” This is often the In 2011 with the help of the Burgundy result of tasting with the winemaker, Regional Council, FEDER and ADEME, using at least two barrels at a time, the company invested €500 000 building a relationship and trust over a (R7.8 million) to purchase a wood- few harvest cycles. driven boiler. This boiler is fired by As French forests are the main source the oak offcuts, shavings and sawdust of timber for Tonnellerie Cadus, the from the cooperage, which have been company has become involved in a compressed into pellets. The boiler reforestation project. In partnership with generates heating for the buildings the Naudet tree nursery, Cadus lives and our hot water needs, making the up to the project’s slogan “One barrel, cooperage energy independent.

George Parkes (South Africa) • 083 659 2422 • glparkes@mweb.co.za • Tonnellerie-cadus.com

SEPTEMBER 2019 47 FOCUS ON WOOD

– en dit is vandag nog net so waar soos destyds. Slegs vate van erkende produsente word aanvaar ná streng keuring. Die vate word geklassifiseer volgens die getal kere wat dit wyn in gehad het. Daarna word dit binne-in goed skoongemaak, buite-om geskuur en gemerk met ’n unieke staafkode. Die vate gaan deur ’n finale streng gehaltebeheerproses voordat dit aan kliënte gelewer word. Dit lyk soos nuut en die versekering word gegee dat geen hout van binne verwyder is nie. Thalès Services het verskeie vathigiënesisteme in plek en is bekend met al die verwante risiko’s, soos vlugtige suur, mikrobiese bederf en chemiese besoedeling. Ná die afgelope paar jaar se droogte is meer klem op die gebruik van stoom gelê – vir beide skoonmaak THALÈS SERVICES: en sterilisering – wat wesenlike hoeveelhede water in die proses JOU WYNMAAKVENNOOT bespaar. KELDERHIGIËNE halès Services vier vanjaar sy 20ste wat ’n waardevolle toevoeging in die bestaansjaar in die wynbedryf. wynprodusent se waardeketting is. ’n Uiteenlopende stel faktore speel ’n Buiten omvattende kelderhigiëne- belangrike rol in die transformasie van T OMVATTENDE VATDIENSTE druiwe na wyn. Om te verseker dat en konsultasiedienste, verskaf Thalès die beste gehalte wyn geproduseer Services ook gebruikte wynvate van hoë Thalès Services bied verskeie word, is dit noodsaaklik dat die gehalte. skoonmaakdienste vir wynvate en produksieomgewing skoon en vry van Thalès Services is oorspronklik in groot houtvate asook kundige raad enige risiko’s is wat nadelig vir hierdie 1999 gestig en het hoofsaaklik sy wortels oor die onderhoud van leë en vol proses kan wees. Thalès Services bied ’n gevind in die verkoop en verskaffing vate, en risikobestuur tydens die holistiese benadering tot kelderhigiëne van opgeknapte wynvate. Sedertdien wynverouderingsproses. Hierdie diens met voorkomende dienste wat mikrobiese het hul dienste aansienlik uitgebrei. Die is krities waar houtveroudering deel en chemiese bederf teiken. Danksy jare maatskappy verstaan die risiko’s van uitmaak van ’n kelder se strategie om se ondervinding en kundigheid is daar wynmaak en help graag wynprodusente hoëkwaliteitwyne te maak. Weens ’n plan van aksie in plek indien ’n kelder om die regte besluite vir hul kelders te die komplekse aard van hout en die met ’n wesenlike probleem sit. neem en potensiële probleemareas te dinamiese interaksie met wynmikrobes, identifiseer. is dit uiters noodsaaklik dat behoorlike Thalès Services bied die volgende Wynprodusente is verplig om vathigiëne en skoonmaakprosesse dienste: praktyke vir wynkelderhigiëne in hul uitgevoer word om die lewensduur van • Kelderoudits en -konsultasie. kelders toe te pas om die produksie van vate te verhoog. • Opleiding van kelderpersoneel. wyn van uitstekende gehalte te verseker • Voedselgraad geformuleerde Thalès Services se vatdienste sluit in: en wynfoute en wangeure te vermy. higiënechemikalieë wat volgens • Mikrobiese dekontaminasie, insluitend Thalès Services bied ’n holistiese bedryfsriglyne saamgestel is. van Brettanomyces-giste. benadering tot beter besigheidsbestuur • Algemene risikobestuur en • Vermindering van vlugtige suur. deur produkte vir voorkomende aksie probleemoplossing. te lewer en praktiese oplossings vir • Verwydering van oormatige • ’n Ontledingsdiens om risiko vir wyn, probleme te bied. Die maatskappy se wynsteensuur. water en die atmosfeer te bepaal. groei word gedryf deur plaaslike en • Skuur van vate. internasionale standaarde en vereistes, • Herstel van lekplekke. Thalès Services bied opleiding aan en daarom is kliënte altyd verseker van • Vervanging en verwydering van produksiepersoneel vir die korrekte die beste opsies in ’n bepaalde situasie. koppe. gebruik van skoonmaakchemikalieë en Thalès Services se toegepaste • Aanbring van logo’s op dekoratiewe maak hulle bewus van die belang van kennis en ondervinding maak dit die vate. higiëne. Almal in die waardeketting, van leier op die gebied van kelderhigiëne, die bestuurder tot grondpersoneel, dra bestuur van appelmelksuurgisting VATE TE KOOP by tot die algehele gehalte van die finale en algemene risikobestuur in ’n Thalès Services het oorspronklik produk. Thalès Services se opleiding kelderomgewing. Die maatskappy is bekendheid verwerf as ’n verskaffer van dien om basiese beginsels te verfris en sedert 2013 ISO 22000-geakkrediteerd gebruikte vate van uitstekende gehalte algemene bewustheid te skep.

Thalès Services (Pty) Ltd • 021 887 1235 • thaleswcs.co.za

48 SEPTEMBER 2019

FOCUS ON WOOD

Tonnellerie Tremeaux founder Ludovic Tremeaux and Cape Cooperage group account manager Lucas de Kock. FRENCH TRADITION COMES TO SA estled in the heart of Beaune in barrels to respect and highlight the fruit, “The seamless integration I find France, Tonnellerie Tremeaux is always honouring the work and vision with the Tremeaux barrels makes N an artisan cooperage anchored of the vigneron,” he says. “Tonnellerie them unique and allows us to create in the Burgundy tradition. Its limited- Tremeaux’s hands-on approach includes a powerful wine with a very elegant production barrels are crafted with seasoning French oak using a one- structure.” – Abrie Beeslaar, cellar respect for the fruit and unique beauty metre high chimney stacking method master at Kanonkop. of each wine, making them sought after which creates a softer oak profile with In 2015, Cape Cooperage Group in France, South Africa and other wine- incredible consistency.” joined forces with Tonnellerie producing countries worldwide. Tremeaux, further improving South Founder Ludovic Tremeaux, a TWO VALUED CUSTOMERS’ TAKE African winemakers’ access to these Burgundian native who’s passionate “Consistency is the most crucial artisanal barrels. For Lucas de Kock of about crafting barrels for premium component of a great oak barrel. The Cape Cooperage Group, representing wines, emphasises the importance of team behind Tonnellerie Tremeaux is Tonnellerie Tremeaux barrels has been consistency and attention to detail in dedicated to supplying us with barrels an exciting opportunity to share the order to showcase the fruit with discreet tailored to our needs – year on year.” – best of Burgundy with South African oak influence while focusing on balance Chris Albrecht, winemaker at Bouchard wineries. and harmony. “Our goal is for Tremeaux Finlayson.

Lucas de Kock • 078 149 1871 • [email protected] • capecooperage.com

50 SEPTEMBER 2019 SUPPLIER SCENE

speaking at the recent Food & Drink Hundreds of young people are being FOOD SA BOOSTS Technology Africa trade show held trained in local agricultural colleges at Gallagher Convention Centre in every year. They, along with thousands AGRO-PROCESSING Midrand, Johannesburg. of subsistence farmers and would- The agro-processing, development be entrepreneurs, have the potential fi nance and export development to build successful agro-processing ENTREPRENEURS organisation, which already represents businesses. “But most of them are ith the right technologies, 762 local agro-processors, most of which not getting the support they need to funding and support South are SMEs based in the Western Cape, build sustainable businesses,” Fanus W Africa’s young entrepreneurs is now expanding its reach across the says. “They need funding, business and agriculturalists have the vision, country. With many years’ experience guidance and support, and crucially enthusiasm and potential to become in growing local SMEs into large they need Fourth Industrial Revolution agro-processors with international businesses and exporters, Fanus says technologies to make their businesses reach, Food South Africa chief marketing South Africa’s agro-processing sector less labour intensive and more offi cer Fanus Engelbrecht says. He was has immense growth potential. effi cient,” Fanus says.

For more info, go to foodsa.org.

We patiently craft limited production barrels to respect the fruit and reflect each wine’s unique beauty.

Challanges – Rue de Levernois - 21200 BEAUNE – Cote d’Or www.tonnellerie-tremeaux.fr www.martinvialatte.com

VEGAN wines

In the period since 2006, CDSVINTEC successfully positioned itself as a specialist supplier of oenological products used for MCC production, although we also offered products for still wines. Given a growing interest in sustainable wine production (organic & biodynamic) and vegan wines, we were always keen to address this trend with suitable products, but our supplier at the time was not best suited. As the Sofralab Group (our new supplier since end of 2018) offered more than 300 ECOCERT approved products for organic wines as well as a substantial Vegan friendly range, it allowed us to broaden our product focus from being a MCC specialist only. Branded MARTIN VIALATTE, we released the organic and/ or vegan friendly products in time for the 2019 vintage and many positive references are already available. Sofralab’s STATION OENOTECHNIQUE DE CHAMPAGNE range for MCC production allowed for a continued focus on MCC and also includes organic alternatives. Given that the products had a similar market share and acclaim in the Champagne area (vs our previous supplier’s), local product acceptance was instantaneous.

MV_ADV_sudAfrica_02.indd 1 24/07/19 11:33 MARTIN VIALATTE SOLUTIONS

There is no official charter specifying the permitted in interpretation and it is clear that no oenological practises or oenological products for making vegan products from animal origin are allowed. This mainly wines. However, some key principles are recognized presents problems during fining. However, the Martin by most vegans. Vegan wines are sometimes closely Vialatte range today offers several products that are associated with organic or biodynamic wines compatible with a vegan lifestyle. The modes of action and the principle generally holds true. However, in and the impact on the musts or wines of these products biodynamic farming, manure of animal origin or are similar or superior to fining agents of animal origin the use of horses are encouraged, but it may be in and are important tools in the production of vegan conflict with a purest interpretation of veganism that wines. Many of these products are also certified for prohibits animals or animal derived products in vine organic wine production. cultivation. In the cellar there is no room for ambiguity

Comparison of deposit compacting with PROVGREEN® PURE MUST on Chardonnay musts

ProVGreen Pure Must Turbidity (NTU) Pea proteins selected for the 400 clarification and treatment of musts against oxidation 300 Rapid flocculation of suspended particles in must 200 Removes oxidized or oxidizable phenolic 100 compounds from must 0 Time (hours) Ensures well compacted must deposits T0 T 7h T 24h T 48h Control PROVGREEN® Contributes to aromatic freshness and PURE MUST to the preservation of a young tint in white Conclusions at 30 g/hL and rosé wines At equivalent doses, PROVGREEN® PURE MUST display iden- tical results. For fining with products based on plant-proteins, winemakers can choose between products in powder and liquid form.

PolyGreen Casein-free compound based on selected pea proteins for the preventive and curative treatment of musts and wines against oxidation Removal of oxidized and oxidizable polyphenols Revitalization of color and aromatic expression Reduction of astringency and removal of bitterness

Stabilization of SO2 through the removal of binding factors

Organoleptic profiles of control wine Effect of different Chardonnay must treatments and treated wines on DO280 and DO320 of corresponding wines

Color 14 6 Control DO 280 DO 320 5 Casein reference 12 Bitterness 4 Fruity POLYGREEN 10 3 2 8 1 0 6

Dryness Floral 4

2

0 Control Casein POLYGREEN Herbaceous Acid balance reference

MV_ADV_sudAfrica_02.indd 2 24/07/19 11:33 Products for making “vegan” wines

ProVGreen Pure Wine Selected pea proteins for fining and maturing wines Rapid flocculation with suspended particles Ensures well compacted must deposits, more in the wine so than an animal-based fining treatment Improved organoleptic characteristics of Good preparation of wines for pre-bottling the wine: elimination of aggressive tannins filtration and bitterness with greater suppleness and Better organoleptic result than gelatin and roundness on the palate potato proteins Better aromatic expression of the wine, enhancing the fruity notes

Improvement of organoleptic characteristics Tasting results for a Cabernet fined with Tasters’ preferences PROVGREEN® PURE WINE Nose intensity 12 20 Control Control Gelatin PV 1 PV 2 10 18 Palate quality 8 Nose Gelatin 16 6 PV 1 14 4 PV 2 2 12 0 10 Bitterness Quantity of tannins 8

6 4

2 Astringency Roundness 0 PV 1 = PROVGREEN® PURE WINE Control Gelatin PROVGREEN® PV 2 Herbaceous PURE WINE

KTS Flot Effect of flotation on a pinot d’Auxérois Next-generation product Turbidity (NTU)

Flotation of whites, rosés and reds 120 Plant protein 100% vegetal clarification (30 g/hL) 100 Protection against oxidation Gelatin (10 g/hL) Improved compaction of the cap 80

60 KTS FLOT (5 g/hL)

40 KTS FLOT (2,5 g/hL) 20

0 Time 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 (In minutes) To sum up...

Vegan Organic Conventional wine friendly? wine friendly? wine friendly? ProVGreen Pure Must    PolyGreen    ProVgreen Pure Wine    KTS Flot   

For more information contact Helene van der Westhuizen e-mail: [email protected] - Cellphone: 082 6938984

MV_ADV_sudAfrica_02.indd 3 24/07/19 11:33 PROMOTIONAL ARTICLE

EMERGING GRAPE CULTIVARS

Vititec, trusted producers of high-quality clonal plant material, has identifi ed fi ve emerging cultivars that have the potential to fl ourish in South Africa’s climatic conditions and soil types. Grape producers are encouraged to plant these imported cultivars and expand their wine repertoire.

ALVARINHO VERMENTINO

Origin: Spain Origin: Italy Production: Alvarinho has Production: Vermentino medium vigour and is performs well in warm areas suitable for acidic, granite with dry, less fertile soils. It and sandy soils. It’s has high production with unproductive and requires large bunches. Berries are long pruning. rosy at full ripeness. Wine potential: Alvarinho has Wine potential: Vermentino good aromatic intensity as produces fi nely balanced, a result of high levels of terpenes and thiols. Primary full-bodied quality white wines that are pale in colour fl avours are lemon, lime, pear and grapefruit. and with interesting aromatic richness. Plantings: Spain – 2 430 ha | South Africa – 80 155 vines Plantings: Italy – 4 562 ha | South Africa – 25 078 vines

MARSELAN ARINARNOA

Origin: France Origin: France Production: Marselan can be Production: Arinarnoa planted in all soil types, from has average vigour and cold, moist soils to dry soils. production with large It’s moderately resistant to clusters and medium-size drought. berries. The cultivar has Wine potential: Marselan, good drought tolerance. which is a cross between Wine potential: Arinarnoa, Cabernet Sauvignon and which is a cross between Grenache, produces complex, colourful and fragrant Cabernet Sauvignon and Tannat, produces well- wines rich in tannins. The wines are balanced with structured wine with good acidity and alcohol levels. plenty of body and a good length and ageing ability. It also has good colour, tannins and complexity Marselan can be vinifi ed on its own or be used as the with persistent fl avours similar to those of Cabernet base of a blend. Primary aromas are spices, raspberry, Sauvignon. cherry, blackberry and pepper. Plantings: France – 164 ha | South Africa – 3 464 vines Plantings: France – 1 356 ha | South Africa – 4 089 vines

ASSYRTIKO Origin: Santorini, Greece Production: This cultivar has good drought tolerance and is well adapted to hot, dry climatic conditions. Wine potential: Rather than being an aromatic grape, Assyrtiko is more of a textural variety, emphasising extract, body and To read the tasting notes on the structure. It’s also known for its acidity and minerality. cultivars, scan this QR code Plantings: Greece – 2 000 ha | South Africa – 1 130 vines with your smartphone.

Vititec • 021 276 0482 • [email protected] • vititec.com

SEPTEMBER 2019 55 PROMOTIONAL ARTICLE

PIONEERING CHANGE IN SUSTAINABILITY

ith the launch of its recycling of the growing need for sustainability. South Asia Pacific (SAP) is still a long service across South Asia Pacific, In fact, they’re using the power of their way behind Europe, where government W Avery Dennison is taking decisive wallets to influence sustainability mandates and sustainability incentive steps to reduce its waste. practices. According to a recent study programs have existed for a longer time, Globally, Avery Dennison, global conducted by Nielsen, 55% of global we are seeing some government action manufacturer and distributor of online consumers across 60 countries across the region. For example: pressure-sensitive adhesive materials, say they are willing to pay more for has pledged to eliminate 70% of external products and services provided by • The Australian federal and state waste from its value chain by 2025, and companies that are committed to making governments have set a target for free 95% of its own operations from positive social and environmental all packaging in the country to be landfill. impact. reusable, compostable or recyclable In July 2019, Avery Dennison joined It’s a message that’s coming across by 2025 as more plastic bag-free local the Ellen MacArthur Circular Economy loud and clear to global brand owners. communities emerge across Australia. 100 network, which is a testament to its • The state government in Pune, India commitment to the support of a global BRAND OWNERS PRESSURED TO CHANGE has introduced a ban on plastic transition to a circular economy. Here’s With sustainability now a major agenda packaging, including PET water how the company is pioneering change in for public opinion, global brand owners bottles. sustainability together with its customers are adjusting their policies. They’re • Indonesia has launched a national and suppliers across the value chain. setting more ambitious sustainability program to tackle land-based targets and actively communicating management of waste over the next THE NEED FOR SUSTAINABILITY those targets to secure consumer four years. Waste is piling up everywhere. According loyalty. One key area of focus for them is to a recent Washington Post article, the sustainable packaging. However, many government waste world now produces more than a billion While the packaging industry is management programs have tons of garbage a year, mostly plastics, not necessarily the biggest source of been impacted by China’s recent metal, and heaps of paper. It’s a crisis environmental problems, from the announcement to ban the import of 24 that’s predicted to grow exponentially consumer’s point of view, it is one of the grades of waste, a move that has created in the coming decades as increased most visible. As a result, global brand a waste industry crisis across the world. urbanization and higher disposable owners are requiring more stringent incomes drive excessive consumption of sustainable packaging criteria such as CHINA’S WASTE BAN packaged goods. According to a World sourcing more responsibly, reducing In the past, 75% of waste from the US, Bank study, by 2025, the waste produced the use of material, and increasing the more than 50% of plastic waste from by cities around the globe will be enough recyclability of their products. Germany and the UK, and a large to fill a 5000 km line of rubbish trucks portion of the paper and plastic waste every day. EMERGING GOVERNMENT LEGISLATION from SAP have been sent to China for Consumers – particularly in the Governments are also increasingly recycling. However, due to the recent millennial generation – are well aware aware of the need for action. While waste ban imposed by the Chinese

56 SEPTEMBER 2019 Glassine Paper Liner Recycling Program

Brand Owner

Label Liner Waste Converter

Reduce waste disposal costs Meet regulatory requirements Achieve landfill reduction targets Recycling Recycling Build corporate reputation Partner Partner as a responsible business Recycled Paper

Avery Dennison partners with recyclers to deliver an effective solution to recycle your Pressure Sensitive Glassine Paper Liner Waste. For more information contact your local sales representative or email [email protected] government, they are now forced to geographical expansion in SAP. to recycle. However, we have also deal with waste locally. This is driving According to a 2017 study by AWA expanded the program to PET liners signifi cant demand for landfi lls and on global label Industry waste, liner last year, which get recycled into PET dramatically increasing the cost of recycling has yet to be eff ectively granules to be used in manufacturing tipping fees, pressuring governments, addressed in SAP. In Thailand and India, items such as chairs, benches and mugs industry groups, brand owners and for example, approximately 73% of paper ” he noted. manufacturing industries to create liner waste goes to landfi ll and 16% is major changes at local level. incinerated. Only 3% is recycled and LINER RECYCLING BENEFITS Parag Bagade, head of sustainability 6% is used for energy. Around 22 000 The Avery Dennison ClearIntent Liner at Avery Dennison South Asia Pacifi c metric tons of paper liners get disposed Recycling Program is typically cost and sub-Saharan Africa, believes the of each year across the region. neutral and even better when compared move by China is actually a positive “A major setback with recycling to existing waste management and one. “China’s action on global waste is programs in the label industry has tipping fees. It ensures that industry driving brands to get more serious at always been how to centralise the waste waste is diverted from landfi ll and the local level about addressing their which is typically scattered across vast recycled into secondary products. waste issues in a more sustainable way,” geographies. We’ve been able to solve Brands can reduce their waste he says. “It’s generating demand for this by identifying industry partners management costs while achieving their innovative packaging, stimulating the with logistics capabilities to enable the own sustainability goals. label industry to collaborate in fi nding collection and centralization of the liner “It’s really exciting to witness early new viable recycling solutions for our waste, making the program both feasible on how our liner recycling program customers and brand owners. It’s an and scalable,” said Bagade. is making a positive impact. We are opportunity for us to actively promote now actively seeking more brands and our ClearIntent portfolio of sustainability EARLY ADOPTER RESULTS retailers to come on board and join us solutions and services.” Avery Dennison fi rst piloted the glassine on this journey.” commented Bagade. recycling programs across SAP in 2017 CLEARINTENT LINER RECYCLING PROGRAM in collaboration with brand owners TAKING THE LEAD Avery Dennison believes one of its including L’Oreal and Himalaya Drug Avery Dennison is serious about taking biggest challenges is to be more Company. Liner waste was collected the lead to pioneer industry-wide change. responsible with liner waste. Now by its recycling partners who then “Our Liner Recycling Program is about all active in South Africa, Australia, India, de-siliconised and processed it in the of us in the industry working together to Thailand, and the Philippines, Avery standard way into paper pulp to be create critical change,” continued Bagade. Dennison’s Liner Recycling Program for repurposed into cardboard, tissue and “Together with our valued industry glassine and PET liners is a solution that art paper. partners, we’re committed to sustainably will begin to tackle label waste head on. “Our focus has initially been on reducing label waste across the entire It enables the collection and recycling glassine liners because they account for value chain with our capabilities and of label liner waste from brand owners about 95% of the waste in this region and eff ective programs. We look forward to and retailers with plans of further has historically been the most diffi cult extending our sustainability off erings.”

Avery Dennison • label.sapssa.averydennison.com

SEPTEMBER 2019 57 SUPPLIER SCENE

risk in the lab environment, yet we find that many labs in South Africa are not aligned with global best practices in terms of storage and handling of hazardous and flammable chemicals,” he says. Regulations for the storage and handling of materials are vague and often users aren’t properly trained, factors which further increase the risk. A common safety mistake made in labs is to store chemicals alphabetically for easy location. “It’s important to group materials correctly by the characteristics of the materials and not in alphabetical order as materials grouped alphabetically RISKS IN SA LABS HIGHLIGHTED could be incompatible,” Sascha says. ncorrect storage and underestimating German lab storage specialists Asecos. Awareness of and alignment with the the risks posed by small quantities He presented a series of lab safety Globally Harmonised System (GHS) for I of hazardous chemicals are among workshops at the recent Analytica Lab classification and labelling of materials, the biggest fire and safety risks in South Africa laboratory technology trade show and studying the safety data sheets that African laboratories, says lab safety held at Gallagher Convention Centre in come with hazardous materials are and storage expert Sascha Kunkel, Midrand, Johannesburg. important measures to reduce risks in vice-president of Global Markets with “Flammable materials are a particular labs, he says.

For more info, go to analytica-africa.com.

INTELIGRO: DIE GEÏNTEGREERDE GEWASOPLOSSINGS MAATSKAPPY InteliGro is ’n geïntegreerde gewasoplossings maatskappy wat deur middel van ’n holistiese benadering, volhoubare oplossings aan produsente bied. Dit behels eerstens ’n deeglike kennis van die volgende aspekte: • Gewas fisiologie en biologie. • Produksie behoeftes, insluitend plantvoeding en ander boerdery praktyke. • Spesifieke plae (siektes, insekte, aalwurms, onkruide) wat ’n negatiewe impak kan hê op produksie (opbrengs en kwaliteit). • Beskikbare oplossings (chemiese, biologiese en kultureel). • Tegnologiese hulpmiddels. In ’n geïntegreerde benadering word alle aspekte oorweeg ten einde die beste opbrengs op belegging and produsente te bied. InteliGro het ’n baie sterk tegniese ondersteuningspan wat bekwame spesialiste op die gebied van gewasoplossings is. Kundigheid, innovasie, integriteit en professionaliteit is kern tot die kultuur van InteliGro en dra by tot die bewese lang termyn suksesse wat in samewerking met hul kliente behaal word.

InteliGro (Wellington kantore) 021 873 6177 InteliGro (Viljoenskroon kantore) 056 343 3444 Stuur ’n epos na [email protected] SUPPLIER SCENE

B2B FOR THE VINEYARD AND ORCHARD TECH INDUSTRIES 2-4 OCTOBER 2019 • PAARL - WORCESTER - SWARTLAND

WEDNESDAY 2ND OCTOBER SPECIAL DEMO EVENT WITH ITALIAN MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT FOR VINEYARDS AND ORCHARDS

ITALIAN VINEYARD COME TO PAARL | VINPRO VENUE MACHINERY DEMO TO ATTEND THE ON-SITE SAVE THE DATE! DEMO EVENT WITH WHEN: 2 October TIME: 09:00 (registration); 09:30; 12:30 (vineyard trials); 14:30-17:00 (B2B meetings)

WHERE: Vinpro, Picardi Farm, Cecilia Street, MACCHINE AGRICOLE E INDUSTRIALI Southern Paarl REGISTRATION: https://fi eragricolasouthafrica2019.eventbrite. it/?aff =wineland

special demo to display machinery in operation will be AND ALSO MEET held in Vinpro’s Paarl vineyards on 2 October. The event Ais part of Fieragricola South Africa’s B2B initiative for the vineyard and orchard technology industries. The Italian trade mission for the Western Cape will showcase state-of-the-art “Made in Italy” technology for vineyard and orchard cultivation and care. A broad range of equipment, systems and products will be presented by 12 IMOLA (BO) - ITALY companies taking part in the Italian delegation, including Argo Tractors-Landini (offi cial tractor partner), Agrimaster-Demetra, Bgroup, Carraro Agritalia, Celli, Dondi, Grena, Ideal, La Cruz, Orizzonti, Polimetal and Vignetinox. SCAN, REGISTER The morning fi eld test includes live demo action of the most AND CONFIRM advanced vineyard technologies designed and produced in Italy – including sprayers, cultivators, harrows, double inter- YOUR row blades, green manure machines, shredders and hands-on PARTICIPATION quality experience of wires, springs and other accessories, poles, power tools and biostimulants. or visit https://fieragricolasouthafrica2019.eventbrite.it/?aff=wineland The event provides an important opportunity for networking, education and exchange of experiences and know-how among professionals in the sector. Italian In cooperation Industry Official Tractor Media with Partner Partner Partner companies already present in South Africa and their importers will meet agents, wine growers, cellar owners, winemakers, vineyard technicians and agronomists. Companies that do not yet have importers will have the chance to present their technologies and fi nd representatives. SUPPLIER SCENE

BUG OFF! BITTEN BY THE BUG Chris Loubser, farm manager at Anthonij Rupert Wines way. IPM combines the principles of “I’ve been using beneficial biological control with the selective use insects and predators for close of soft chemicals. “The main objective is on 13 years. Before that I used to establish harmony between chemicals insecticides, but I found them to and biological control agents by using be hard on the environment. I had selective insecticides that lower the one hectare of Pinot Gris which impact on beneficial insects and the was completely contaminated environment,” Brahm says. Thanks to with mealybug. In 2007 I used SentriTex sells its beneficial insects at the pupa meticulous research and experience, coccis in my vineyard and within stage and supplies them in small degradable SentriTex is able to draw up its own three years it was completely free boxes with a hook to attach them to plants. biological label for producers. “We’re of any mealybug. At the moment able to integrate and position all aspects I’m looking to use only natural entriTex has been successfully of the biology into an existing producer’s predators to make the entire farm positioning mass-reared beneficial programme for efficient management.” insecticide-free. I believe in them Sparasites and predators for vineyards’ Beneficial insects being locally reared like I believe in my bible.” since 1999. Insecticides are known to for mealybug control are Coccidoxenoides Johan Montgomery, vineyard manager have a harsh impact on the environment, perminutus (Planopar/Timberlake), at Hamilton Russell Vineyards making producers more inclined to Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant) “We’ve been using SentriTex’s Anagyrus pseudococci implement natural vineyard practices. and (Girault). beneficial insects for quite some SentriTex’s predator and parasitic bugs SentriTex supplies these beneficial insects time as we move more in the deliver results in line with biodynamic in small biodegradable containers. The direction of sustainable and principles. recommended release rates vary for each organic vineyard practices. As many grape producers know, beneficial insect and they are often used Our ultimate aim is to decrease mealybugs cause considerable damage in combination. “Two or three weeks after our use of insecticides. We’ve to crops and vines, making them a feared release, the first mummies are clearly definitely seen results, but it’s enemy in the vineyard. visible in the field,” Brahm says. “Through something that must be managed Mealybugs rapidly develop resistance regular scouting, a decline in the mealybug to insecticides. This means powerful population should be observed.” carefully. Whether it’s changing weapons are needed to deal with a The beneficial insects bred for climate conditions or ant control, mealybug infestation. SentriTex has been SentriTex are endemic to South Africa Brahm is always available with involved in recommending beneficial and host-specific, making the chances advice.” parasites and predators successfully of these becoming pests highly unlikely. Tommie Corbett, farm manager since 1999. Led by technical manager It also means they only attack insects at Simonsig Wine Estate Brahm Jonker, the company focuses on that are natural predators or parasites. If “Using predatory insects forms developing sustainable solutions for the the target pest insect is not present, the part of our overall strategy to mealybug problem. beneficial insects simply move to where combat mealybug and leafroll Traditional chemical crop protection the host is present as they are good flyers virus. The results have been is an important management solution or die off. incredible and we’re slowly and chemicals need to be applied in Besides being completely natural, moving away from using such a way so as to minimise their SentriTex’s biological control decreases insecticides completely. Brahm’s negative impact on the environment, producers’ dependence on pesticides. service, including constant Brahm says. “For this reason more and “Other benefits of beneficial insects are monitoring when it comes to the more role players recognise the value of that producers don’t need mechanical release of the beneficial insects, natural products. SentriTex has natural means to use them so there’s a big is superb. It’s also possible to alternatives to crop chemical solutions.” cost saving on machinery and fuel use insecticides along with the Integrated pest management (IPM) is an usage,” Brahm says. “They’re also predators as an integrated pest approach that uses both natural enemies environmentally friendly and safe for management programme.” and chemical pesticides in a balanced animals, humans and other species.”

Coccidoxenoides perminutus (Timberlake). Mealybugs can devastate crops and vines. The Cryptolaemus, a ladybird-like beetle, preys on mealybug.

Brahm Jonker • 082 077 5940 • sentritex.co.za

60 SEPTEMBER 2019 TriD Biological Mealybug Control Leaders in supplying beneecial insects to over 6 500 hectares of vineyards in South Africa

WHAT WE DO

Supply of beneficial insects

Technical support throughout season

Scout training on farm level

Provide an integrated program

Sustainable Determine mealybug infestation

Locally produced Determine timing of releases Supply IPM certificate Naturally occuring Free consultation

insecticide free Free delivery

for more information contact Brahm Jonker +27 (0) 82 077 5940 // [email protected] www.sentritex.co.za SUPPLIER SCENE

production chain. Theses systems company´s natural cork unit in São IN SEARCH OF THE are fundamental to ensuring that Paio de Oleiros, Portugal, tripling its individually guaranteed products, such overall capacity. The team dedicated to as the DS100 natural cork, are made this service also grew to 45. Of the 45 PERFECT CORK possible. team members, 20 are trained sensory experts and 80% of these experts are ork Supply has been committed DS100: 100% INSPECTION FOR SENSORY oenologists. to supplying corks of the highest DEVIATIONS quality since 1981, making it one The DS100 service has been in the This year alone Cork Supply is C market since 2011 and continues to expected to sell about 20 million of the wine industry’s most reliable partners. be one of a kind. Other individual natural corks with the DS100 service For more than three decades, Cork inspection technologies for TCA have worldwide. Supply has been the leader in the field appeared on the market over the past of investigation, development and few years, but DS100 continues to be the innovation when it comes to corks, only service that’s done by human nose, About Cork Supply setting industry standards for quality and monitors TCA and other off aromas. Cork Supply has been redefining the control and product development. Cork DS100 consists of a sensory analysis quality of corks through innovation, Supply team members are passionate that is carried out by a panel of trained superior service and expertise for about developing new ways of sensory specialists. After the corks have more than three decades. The group improving the company’s products and been in a controlled environment for 24 offers premium closure products to services so as to guarantee customer hours, they are analysed sequentially by the global wine and spirits industry, satisfaction. To back up its dedication to three panellists. They analyse 100% of including natural corks, CS Cuvée its customers, Cork Supply offers a bottle the corks in a DS100 lot and reject any and CS technical corks, VINC corks buy-back guarantee on select premium cork with a sensory deviation due to and TALIS bar tops. It also offers products. TCA or other off aromas. labels from the award-winning Cork Supply’s strategy “from Cork Supply has strict protocols for Studio Labels and traditional forest to bottle” philosophy has been the selection of sensory specialists handcrafted, custom-finished fundamental in allowing the company and process control. The company is French and American oak barrels to reach unprecedented levels of so confident about the accuracy of the and Creative Oak alternatives from quality. Ensuring full traceability from DS100 service, it offers a bottle buy-back its state-of-the-art Tonnellerie Ô the forest to the finished product was guarantee with all DS100 orders. cooperage. Founded in 1981 by a revolutionary step in process control The DS100 service has become such Jochen Michalski, the Cork Supply and forestry management. a global reference that in the past year group operates Lean- and ISO- The quality of the corkwood is Cork Supply has had to expand the certified production facilities in all analysed before its extraction and service’s capacity. A DS100 pavilion major wine regions worldwide. purchased using a sampling process. of 1 100 m² was inaugurated at the The data that results from these analyses are then inserted into a cork database that allows the company to map cork appellations and forest productivity over time. Based on the information collected, strategic decisions are made regarding the purchase of raw material and annual geographical planning.

PERFECTING NATURE THROUGH INNOVATION At Cork Supply, all natural corks and discs are processed using a patented A DS100 pavilion was inaugurated at technology. Innocork extracts potential Cork Supply’s natural cork unit in São trichloroanisole (TCA) and other off Corkwood harvest in Portugal. Paio de Oleiros, Portugal aromas from natural cork using a water vapour and ethanol mixture under controlled temperature. Every natural cork and disc produced by Cork Supply is processed with Innocork. Independent laboratory results have proven that natural corks processed with Innocork show levels of releasable TCA extraction ranging from 60-85%. This is just one example of the quality- control systems that are implemented and integrated in Cork Supply’s Cork Supply’s DS100 team has 20 trained DS100 sensory analysis. sensory experts.

Cork Supply South Africa • 021 881 3904 • corksupply.co.za

62 SEPTEMBER 2019 DS100 BBB_Ad_English_2019 (2).pdf 1 31/07/2019 10:07:44

GUARANTEE

We stand behind our DS100 Inspection Process. If you receive a cork taint claim on any bottle sealed with our 100% Inspected DS100 Natural Cork, we will buy the bottle back.*

C

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Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

* OUR LABORATORY WILL TEST BOTH THE WINE AND THE CORK TO DETERMINE IF TCA IS PRESENT AND AT WHAT LEVEL. IF WE FIND THE BOTTLE TO HAVE TCA PRESENT AT GREATER THAN 1,0 NG/L, CORK SUPPLY WILL BUY THE BOTTLE BACK.

www.corksupply.com

WINETECH TEGNIES NR 361 • SEPTEMBER 2019

INHOUD

66 Winetech news FOTO: BUITENVERWACHTING (ADOBE STOCK). 68 Wingerd-dinge vir September ’N TEGNIESE GIDS VIR WYNPRODUSENTE / 69 Aktueel in die wingerd en die kelder: A TECHNICAL GUIDE FOR WINE Die invloed van verskillende gasse op flotasie PRODUCERS. 70 Nitrogen and sulphur foliar fertilisation (Part 2) THESE ARTICLES ARE AVAILABLE IN 73 Hoe raak Suid-Afrikaanse wynprodusente bewus van ENGLISH ON WWW.WINELAND.CO.ZA. nuwe innovasies? (Deel 1) SOMMIGE ARTIKELS IS VERKORT. ALLE VERWYSINGS EN INTEKS-VERWYSINGS, 76 Melatonin in wine protects your heart ASOOK BEDANKINGS EN BRONNE, WORD 78 Sekwensiële inokulasie van Starmerella bacillaris en VOLLEDIG OP ONS WEBTUISTE Saccharomyces cerevisiae – vernaamste effekte AANGEDUI. WINETECH NEWS

CROATIAN MATIE STUDENT ORGANISES TASTING OF HIS MOTHERLAND’S WINES

he first-ever wine tasting event of Croatian wines in South Africa was T held at Stellenbosch University’s Department of Viticulture and Oenology in July. The evening was made possible through the initiative of Matija Lesković (27), a Croatian student who has been working towards his doctorate in Oenology at Stellenbosch University since mid-2018. Croatian wines were tasted, while Matija also gave an overview of the country itself and grape varieties being grown. The Republic of Croatia lies in Central Europe and is bordered by countries such as Slovenia, Hungary and Serbia. “As it is with many European countries, Croatia has many indigenous or native grape varieties – more than 120 of them. Around 40 cultivars are regularly planted in vineyards in two Matija Lesković, a PhD student in Oenology studying at Stellenbosch University, with some of major regions,” he told the audience. the Croatian wines that were tasted. According to Matija, the idea for the event grew from the many conversations that he has had over the past year with South Africans about his motherland as and are often grown on rocky, exposed tannins and body, but with medium a scenic tourist destination. He says the areas along the Croatian coast.” acidity. Its aromas resemble plums/ conversation inevitably led to questions According to Matija, this led to many prunes and dark fruit occasionally about Croatia as a wine-producing discussions among winemakers about with dry violets notes. country once people learnt that he was whether Teran could be cultivated in BACKGROUND ABOUT MATIJA’S RESEARCH South Africa and used as a red blend in Stellenbosch researching the aromas PROJECT ON WHITE WINES component, because of its tendency to of white wines as part of his doctorate. • He is completing PhD research accumulate high acidity (up to 10 g/L) “People would then ask about the under the guidance of Prof. Wessel even in warmer regions. wines produced in Croatia and whether du Toit and Dr. Jeanne Brand of I had any available to taste,” laughs MORE ABOUT CROATIAN WINES the Department of Viticulture and Matija, who studied at the University of • Croatia is naturally divided into two Oenology at Stellenbosch University. Zagreb in Croatia’s capital, and counts major wine-producing regions by • His project is titled “Varietal thiol among his experience the opportunity to high mountains. aromas and reductive compounds in have worked in the world’s third largest • The Croatian inland experiences a white wines”. winery, Concha y Toro in Chile. cooler continental climate and white • It is sponsored by Winetech. Those in attendance at the Wines of varieties are mainly grown. • The project entails a combination of Croatia tasting, chose Pošip and Teran • The beautiful coastal area working with wine, chemistry and as their favourite white and red wines experiences a Mediterranean climate people. respectively. Pošip is made on the and is more suitable for red grape • Together with sensory expert, Dr. southern Croatian coast and impressed varieties. Jeanne Brandt, Matija is training with its complex, yet fresh aromas of • Among the most popular wines are wine panellists to recognise specific stone fruit and passion fruit, pronounced Graševina, Malvazija istarska, Pošip, aromas in white wine. This includes minerality and freshness on the palate. Malvasija dubrovačka, Teran, Babić sulphur compounds naturally found Teran, from the north coast, surprised and Plavac mali. in wine. Varietal thiols are organic with its good body, nice tannins, deep- • Zinfandel is the most famous wine compounds that give tropical fruit- purple red colour, high acidity and produced on the coast. It is very like aromas to a wine. Reductive tempting dark cherry aromas. popular in California. compounds, in turn, smell like rotten “Both wines come from a similar • A variety of Zinfandel, called Plavac egg and cabbage and are usually Mediterranean climate to that of the mali (“Little blue”), is enjoyed in a sign of suboptimal winemaking Western Cape,” Matija noted. “These Croatia. Plavac mali is more resistant practices. grape varieties have over the centuries to fungal vineyard diseases. Plavac become resistant to drought and heat, mali is a big red wine, with lots of – Engela Duvenage

66 SEPTEMBER 2019

WINGERD-DINGE AKTUEEL IN DIE WINGERD EN DIE KELDER

DIE INVLOED VAN VERSKILLENDE GASSE OP DIE BLINKMAAK VAN SAP VOOR DIE ALKOHOLIESE GISTING VAN WITWYNE IS FEITLIK ’N STANDAARDPROSES BY WITWYNBEREIDING. DIT KAN EGTER OP VERSKILLENDE FLOTASIE MANIERE UITGEVOER WORD. DIE VERSKILLENDE METODES HET VERSKILLENDE VOOR- EN NADELE. FLOTASIE HET EGTER DIE AFGELOPE JARE AL HOE MEER BYVAL BY

DAMME SE ie flotasieprosedure as VERSKILLENDE KELDERS GEVIND. DEUR CHARL THERON VLAKKE skeidingstegniek is in die kyk op bl 12 Australiese mynbedryf ontwikkel, waar dit al vir meer Das ’n eeu gebruik word. Anders as die tradisionele afsakproses, waar vaste stowwe as gevolg van gravitasie na VOORPUNT ADVIES VIR die tenkbodem afsak, word die vaste VOLHOUBARE WYNPRODUKSIE stowwe by flotasie versamel en met BESTUURDER – gas na die oppervlakte van die sap KONSULTASIEDIENS: gevoer. Die byvoeging van pektolitiese Conrad Schutte – ensieme by die sap voor flotasie is 021 276 0429, 082 804 0422 noodsaaklik om die tempo en opbrengs GEN-Z WINGERDPROJEK: van die proses te optimaliseer. Na die Francois Viljoen – 021 276 0429, 083 309 7627 ensiembyvoeging, moet ’n breimiddel Emma Carkeek – ook by die sap gevoeg word om die 021 276 0456, 082 568 2918 vaste stowwe te versamel. Kombinasies LANDBOU-EKONOME: van bentoniet, gelatien en kieselsol SEPTEMBER Pierre-André Rabie – kan daarvoor gebruik word. Nadat die Onthou die maand: 082 611 7821; vaste stowwe deur die breimiddels • Begin swambeheerprogram reeds op lootlengtes van 5 tot 10 cm. Elriza Marcus – gekoaguleer is, moet dit deur ’n gas na 064 168 8298 • Beheer slakke indien problematies. die oppervlakte van die sap gevoer • Onthou: Waterverbruik is baie laag vroeg in die groeiseisoen, spaar dus nou water! SEB ADVIESDIENS: word, waar dit verwyder word en die Phil Bowes – • Wag drie tot vier weke na bot voor lentebemesting-toedienings en slegs waar nodig vanaf helder sap onder afgetrek word. Die 021 276 0429, 083 581 4322 15 cm lootlengtes. grootte van die koagulaatpartikel is • Hoewel onkruidbeheer verkieslik slegs op bankies gedoen moet word en dekgewasse in GIS/GRONDKUNDIGE: belangrik. Indien dit te klein is, is die werksry solank moontlik toegelaat word om te groei, word aanbeveel om voloppervlak Heinrich Schloms – hegting daarvan aan die gas swak en 021 276 0429, 083 480 2686; beheer toe te pas waar watervoorrade ’n probleem is. indien dit te groot en swaar is, sal dit Johan de Jager – • Begin vroeg by kwaliteits-/hoë inkomsteblokke suier. 072 139 9661 na die bodem afsak. Verskillende gasse • Goeie suier-aksies by alle wingerde sal ook tot ’n laer waterverbruik aanleiding gee en kan vir flotasie oorweeg word. As ’n vrugbaarheid bevorder. WINGERDKUNDIGES onaktiewe gas het argon voordele, KUSSTREEK: Vir volledige wenke, kontak Gaynor Fortuin by Vinpro Konsultasiediens – 021 276 0432. Etienne Terblanche – maar is te duur. Lug is die mees koste- effektief, maar kan as gevolg van die 072 402 7434 Flotasietoerusting 20% suurstofinhoud beperkte oksidasie Die seisoen sover: PAARL/SWARTLAND: • Genoegsame koue kom vanaf Junie in die meeste streke voor. Hanno van Schalkwyk – van die sap veroorsaak. Koolsuurgas • Baie goeie en welkome reën val gedurende Julie wat Wes-Kaapse damvlakke lig. 083 455 5192 neig om te groot borrels te veroorsaak, ’n Persfraksie van Pinot gris, waarby kaffeïensuur is almal meer geelkleurig. • Dekgewasstand ontwikkel goed, veral waar kopbemesting toegedien is. WORCESTER & wat skuimvorming kan veroorsaak. pektinase en bentoniet gevoeg is, is Die sintuiglike eienskappe van die BREEDEKLOOF: Suurstof kan onaanvaarbare oksidasie verdeel en met onderskeidelik lug en twee finale wyne het egter beduidend Moet lees artikels: Pierre Snyman – veroorsaak. Stikstof is ideaal met klein stikstof as flotasie gas blinkgemaak, verskil. Die stikstofbereide wyn het • Scientific holism, alternative agricultures and climate change: Wine Business Monthly, 083 455 5191 borrels, maar is ook relatief duur. voordat dit met reingis geïnokuleer en meer krokant voorgekom en ’n ligter June 2019. ROBERTSON & Verskillende gasse kan dus tydens drooggegis is. styl geopenbaar; daarenteen het die • To till or not to till?: Wine Business Monthly, June 2019. KLEIN KAROO: die flotasieproses gebruik word. Ten Die finale wyne van die twee wyn wat met lugflotasie berei is, meer • Disease-resistant varieties are on the way: Wine Business Monthly, June 2019. Hennie Visser – einde vas te stel wat die verskil in die verskillende gasse het verskillende tropiese geure gehad en was ook sagter 083 455 5193 Al die artikels is beskikbaar by Gaynor Fortuin. eindresultaat is wanneer onderskeidelik fenoliese profiele gehad. Die op die smaak. Die invloed van die lug OLIFANTSRIVIER: suurstof of stikstof as flotasiegas gebruik tannienkonsentrasie van die wyne was op die daaropvolgende alkoholiese Gert Engelbrecht – Vinpro-wingerdopleiding vir wingerdwerkers: 072 152 4028 word, is ’n vergelykende proef by die feitlik dieselfde (10,3 mg/L vir stikstof gisting kan ook moontlik ’n invloed op Voldag, R300 per persoon. Erath-wynkelder in Oregon uitgevoer. en 10,7 mg/L vir lug). Die kaftaar- en die wyn se sintuiglike eienskappe hê. Opsie 2: Stokontwikkeling: 3 September (Robertson), 4 September (Worcester), ORANJERIVIER: Henning Burger – Hierdie kelder gebruik reeds sedert kaffeïensuur en kwersitienglikosiede- Dit wil dus nie voorkom of die gebruik 10 September (Paarl), 11 September (Stellenbosch), 25 September (Vredendal). 082 824 4941 2016 flotasie as blinkmaakprosedure konsentrasies was egter onderskeidelik van lug of stikstof by flotasie spesifieke Opsie 2: Vine development: 5 September (Stellenbosch). vir hulle witwyne en is veral deur tien en sewe maal hoër by die wyn wat voor- of nadele het nie, maar definitief Opsie 2: Oes van wyndruiwe: 17 September (Stellenbosch). Saamgestel deur: Vinpro Konsultasiediens die tyd- en ruimtebesparing daarvan met lugflotasie gemaak is. Dit was te die styl van die finale wyn beïnvloed. 26 September (Vredendal). Opsie 2: Lowerbestuur: Vir meer inligting, kontak Gaynor beïndruk. Ten einde meer detail oor wagte, aangesien die lug die chemiese Die verlangde wynstyl sal dus die Besoek www.vinpro.co.za vir inskrywingsvorm. Vir meer inligting, kontak 021 276 0453 of Fortuin by 021 276 0432 of stuur ’n die proses te verkry, het hulle besluit oksidasie van fenoliese verbindings sal wynmaker se keuse vir die gebruik van stuur ’n e-pos na [email protected]. e-pos na [email protected]. om die vergelykende proef te doen. bevorder. Derivate van kwersitien en ’n spesifieke gas by flotasie bepaal.

68 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 69 WINGERD-DINGE AKTUEEL IN DIE WINGERD EN DIE KELDER

DIE INVLOED VAN VERSKILLENDE GASSE OP DIE BLINKMAAK VAN SAP VOOR DIE ALKOHOLIESE GISTING VAN WITWYNE IS FEITLIK ’N STANDAARDPROSES BY WITWYNBEREIDING. DIT KAN EGTER OP VERSKILLENDE FLOTASIE MANIERE UITGEVOER WORD. DIE VERSKILLENDE METODES HET VERSKILLENDE VOOR- EN NADELE. FLOTASIE HET EGTER DIE AFGELOPE JARE AL HOE MEER BYVAL BY

DAMME SE ie flotasieprosedure as VERSKILLENDE KELDERS GEVIND. DEUR CHARL THERON VLAKKE skeidingstegniek is in die kyk op bl 12 Australiese mynbedryf ontwikkel, waar dit al vir meer Das ’n eeu gebruik word. Anders as die tradisionele afsakproses, waar vaste stowwe as gevolg van gravitasie na VOORPUNT ADVIES VIR die tenkbodem afsak, word die vaste VOLHOUBARE WYNPRODUKSIE stowwe by flotasie versamel en met BESTUURDER – gas na die oppervlakte van die sap KONSULTASIEDIENS: gevoer. Die byvoeging van pektolitiese Conrad Schutte – ensieme by die sap voor flotasie is 021 276 0429, 082 804 0422 noodsaaklik om die tempo en opbrengs GEN-Z WINGERDPROJEK: van die proses te optimaliseer. Na die Francois Viljoen – 021 276 0429, 083 309 7627 ensiembyvoeging, moet ’n breimiddel Emma Carkeek – ook by die sap gevoeg word om die 021 276 0456, 082 568 2918 vaste stowwe te versamel. Kombinasies LANDBOU-EKONOME: van bentoniet, gelatien en kieselsol SEPTEMBER Pierre-André Rabie – kan daarvoor gebruik word. Nadat die Onthou die maand: 082 611 7821; vaste stowwe deur die breimiddels • Begin swambeheerprogram reeds op lootlengtes van 5 tot 10 cm. Elriza Marcus – gekoaguleer is, moet dit deur ’n gas na 064 168 8298 • Beheer slakke indien problematies. die oppervlakte van die sap gevoer • Onthou: Waterverbruik is baie laag vroeg in die groeiseisoen, spaar dus nou water! SEB ADVIESDIENS: word, waar dit verwyder word en die Phil Bowes – • Wag drie tot vier weke na bot voor lentebemesting-toedienings en slegs waar nodig vanaf helder sap onder afgetrek word. Die 021 276 0429, 083 581 4322 15 cm lootlengtes. grootte van die koagulaatpartikel is • Hoewel onkruidbeheer verkieslik slegs op bankies gedoen moet word en dekgewasse in GIS/GRONDKUNDIGE: belangrik. Indien dit te klein is, is die werksry solank moontlik toegelaat word om te groei, word aanbeveel om voloppervlak Heinrich Schloms – hegting daarvan aan die gas swak en 021 276 0429, 083 480 2686; beheer toe te pas waar watervoorrade ’n probleem is. indien dit te groot en swaar is, sal dit Johan de Jager – • Begin vroeg by kwaliteits-/hoë inkomsteblokke suier. 072 139 9661 na die bodem afsak. Verskillende gasse • Goeie suier-aksies by alle wingerde sal ook tot ’n laer waterverbruik aanleiding gee en kan vir flotasie oorweeg word. As ’n vrugbaarheid bevorder. WINGERDKUNDIGES onaktiewe gas het argon voordele, KUSSTREEK: Vir volledige wenke, kontak Gaynor Fortuin by Vinpro Konsultasiediens – 021 276 0432. Etienne Terblanche – maar is te duur. Lug is die mees koste- effektief, maar kan as gevolg van die 072 402 7434 Flotasietoerusting 20% suurstofinhoud beperkte oksidasie Die seisoen sover: PAARL/SWARTLAND: • Genoegsame koue kom vanaf Junie in die meeste streke voor. Hanno van Schalkwyk – van die sap veroorsaak. Koolsuurgas • Baie goeie en welkome reën val gedurende Julie wat Wes-Kaapse damvlakke lig. 083 455 5192 neig om te groot borrels te veroorsaak, ’n Persfraksie van Pinot gris, waarby kaffeïensuur is almal meer geelkleurig. • Dekgewasstand ontwikkel goed, veral waar kopbemesting toegedien is. WORCESTER & wat skuimvorming kan veroorsaak. pektinase en bentoniet gevoeg is, is Die sintuiglike eienskappe van die BREEDEKLOOF: Suurstof kan onaanvaarbare oksidasie verdeel en met onderskeidelik lug en twee finale wyne het egter beduidend Moet lees artikels: Pierre Snyman – veroorsaak. Stikstof is ideaal met klein stikstof as flotasie gas blinkgemaak, verskil. Die stikstofbereide wyn het • Scientific holism, alternative agricultures and climate change: Wine Business Monthly, 083 455 5191 borrels, maar is ook relatief duur. voordat dit met reingis geïnokuleer en meer krokant voorgekom en ’n ligter June 2019. ROBERTSON & Verskillende gasse kan dus tydens drooggegis is. styl geopenbaar; daarenteen het die • To till or not to till?: Wine Business Monthly, June 2019. KLEIN KAROO: die flotasieproses gebruik word. Ten Die finale wyne van die twee wyn wat met lugflotasie berei is, meer • Disease-resistant varieties are on the way: Wine Business Monthly, June 2019. Hennie Visser – einde vas te stel wat die verskil in die verskillende gasse het verskillende tropiese geure gehad en was ook sagter 083 455 5193 Al die artikels is beskikbaar by Gaynor Fortuin. eindresultaat is wanneer onderskeidelik fenoliese profiele gehad. Die op die smaak. Die invloed van die lug OLIFANTSRIVIER: suurstof of stikstof as flotasiegas gebruik tannienkonsentrasie van die wyne was op die daaropvolgende alkoholiese Gert Engelbrecht – Vinpro-wingerdopleiding vir wingerdwerkers: 072 152 4028 word, is ’n vergelykende proef by die feitlik dieselfde (10,3 mg/L vir stikstof gisting kan ook moontlik ’n invloed op Voldag, R300 per persoon. Erath-wynkelder in Oregon uitgevoer. en 10,7 mg/L vir lug). Die kaftaar- en die wyn se sintuiglike eienskappe hê. Opsie 2: Stokontwikkeling: 3 September (Robertson), 4 September (Worcester), ORANJERIVIER: Henning Burger – Hierdie kelder gebruik reeds sedert kaffeïensuur en kwersitienglikosiede- Dit wil dus nie voorkom of die gebruik 10 September (Paarl), 11 September (Stellenbosch), 25 September (Vredendal). 082 824 4941 2016 flotasie as blinkmaakprosedure konsentrasies was egter onderskeidelik van lug of stikstof by flotasie spesifieke Opsie 2: Vine development: 5 September (Stellenbosch). vir hulle witwyne en is veral deur tien en sewe maal hoër by die wyn wat voor- of nadele het nie, maar definitief Opsie 2: Oes van wyndruiwe: 17 September (Stellenbosch). Saamgestel deur: Vinpro Konsultasiediens die tyd- en ruimtebesparing daarvan met lugflotasie gemaak is. Dit was te die styl van die finale wyn beïnvloed. 26 September (Vredendal). Opsie 2: Lowerbestuur: Vir meer inligting, kontak Gaynor beïndruk. Ten einde meer detail oor wagte, aangesien die lug die chemiese Die verlangde wynstyl sal dus die Besoek www.vinpro.co.za vir inskrywingsvorm. Vir meer inligting, kontak 021 276 0453 of Fortuin by 021 276 0432 of stuur ’n die proses te verkry, het hulle besluit oksidasie van fenoliese verbindings sal wynmaker se keuse vir die gebruik van stuur ’n e-pos na [email protected]. e-pos na [email protected]. om die vergelykende proef te doen. bevorder. Derivate van kwersitien en ’n spesifieke gas by flotasie bepaal.

68 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 69 stage), methoxypyrazines and thiols as a response to foliar fertilisation with To gain more knowledge on the were evaluated. These results will be N could make the difference between mechanisms of the foliar fertilisation, PICTURE: SHUTTERSTOCK. PICTURE: presented in Part 3 of the series. sub-optimal and acceptable levels. Even various other vineyard measurements As expected, the different foliar when the same vineyard was used for can be considered: fertilisation applications had an effect two consecutive seasons (SB 2015 and • Vine measurements, such as light on the non-volatile content of the juices 2016) the effect of the treatments was intensity and nitrogen content in and musts. Generally, the composition the same. Moreover, the total amino the leaves and berries, should be and levels found were in agreement with acids and arginine (ARG) content in the included to determine the canopy the findings of the few published foliar juices were higher with the N treatments density and nitrogen content between fertilisation reports. The differences of the compared to the control, in agreement the sprays. treatments were sometimes significant with previous research. The increase • Methoxypyrazines throughout the and at other times minimal, but trends in amino acids is relevant not only ripening and winemaking process to were observed with certain non-volatile for yeast metabolism, but also for the see how the levels are affected by the compounds. The oenological parameters aromatic potential of a wine, as certain fertilisation sprays. were generally not affected by the amino acids are precursors of aroma • Sulphur-containing precursors, treatments, so we decided not to include compounds. glutathionylated and cysteinylated the results in this article. thiol precursors to be related back to GLUTATHIONE the S foliar fertilisations treatments. YAN The results and trends of GSH were not In this study, nitrogen foliar fertilisations as evident as for YAN, though N and N+S TAKE HOME MESSAGE (N and N+S) positively increased the treatments generally resulted in higher In this particular study, the foliar YAN levels compared to the control and GSH levels compared to the control for treatments did in general not have major these findings are supported by the both cultivars and all years (Figure 4) in effects on YAN and glutathione content. literature. YAN was measured in racked accordance with previous results from It is only in the lower YAN treatments juice before inoculation. The statistical literature. If the wines have the potential where foliar application lead to a analysis shows that even though all the to be aromatic, GSH levels present can “significant for practical winemaking” treatments containing N resulted in an play a crucial role by protecting varietal increase in YAN. The industry is increased level of YAN, differences were volatile thiols from oxidation, and encouraged to do their own trials to IN THIS THREE not significant (Figure 3). However, in therefore protect the aroma expression see where foliar application can work PART SERIES, WE cases where YAN was low, the increase of wines. for them and where not. A good place EXPLORE SOME NITROGEN AND SULPHUR FUNDAMENTAL Buffer S Buffer C Buffer N Buffer N+S Buffer ASPECTS OF FOLIAR FERTILISATION (PART 2) 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines SULPHUR AND NITROGEN FOLIAR Buffer N+S Buffer S Buffer C Buffer N Buffer INTRODUCTION 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines FERTILISATION All recent international studies of foliar In addition to a control (C) that received no AND THE fertilisation looked only at selected aspects foliar fertilisation, three different treatments Buffer N Buffer N+S Buffer S Buffer C Buffer CHEMICAL related mainly to the chemical composition of the were applied to the experimental vineyards. The 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines AND SENSORY grapes and wines. Driven by renewed interest, treatments consisted of nitrogen (N, Ureum LB), Buffer C Buffer N Buffer N+S Buffer S Buffer more research on foliar fertilisation was reported sulphur (S, Microthiol), and nitrogen+sulphur RESULTS OF A 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines in the past years. The research study presented (N+S) equivalent of 10 kg/ha N and 5 kg/ha S. RECENT PROJECT here was done in South Africa over three seasons The calculation was done taking into account the FIGURE 1. Experimental layouts used in the project, indicating the number of vines used for each treatment and the buffer zone used between the treatments. THAT TOOK and took a more comprehensive approach. We number of vines per ha and the number of vines PLACE IN SOUTH looked into some specific aspects, but also into treated. In our case, we used 1.176 g N/vine and AFRICA. PART 2 the overall effect (combination of individual 0.588 g S/vine, translating into 25.56 g Ureum Crush and Racked Finished Finished 3 months 9 months OF THE SERIES effects) of the treatments. Since a vineyard LB product and 7.35 g Microthiol product per Bottling treatment will affect not only the composition of 12 vine treatment, dissolved in 20 L water. Two destem juice AF PS & CS aged wine aged wine FOCUSES ON THE the grape, but will have a lasting effect all the way foliar sprays were applied to each vineyard every EFFECTS OF THE to the wine, evaluations took place throughout season. Foliar fertiliser sprays were applied first pH, TA, ˚B pH, TA, ˚B Free SO2 GSH pH, TA Sensory Sensory NITROGEN AND this process. approximately two to three weeks, and second, SULPHUR FOLIAR one week before véraison. There were at least 10 EXPERIMENTAL LAYOUT AND TREATMENTS days between the treatments. FERTILISATION A checkered design was used in the field Free SO2 Ethanol % Free SO2 pH, TA, Et % pH, TA, Et % ON THE NON- experiments. The general layout in a vineyard NON-VOLATILES IN GRAPES AND MUST VOLATILE row followed a pattern of 12 experimental The analyses took place at various stages of Residual Volatile Volatile YAN COMPOSITION vines, three buffer vines, followed by the next 12 the winemaking as indicated in Figure 2. The sugar thiols thiols OF GRAPES AND experimental vines. Treatments never started compounds selected for evaluation were the next to a road (at the end of a row). The layout ones potentially affected by the treatments Major Major MUSTS. BY ASTRID GSH GSH was also adapted to the vineyard block itself, applied (S- and N-containing compounds): volatiles volatiles BUICA, ALÉTA and looked like the layout presented in Figure 1. Yeast Assimilable Nitrogen (YAN) in both its BRUWER & WESSEL Due to circumstances beyond our control, three aspects, ammonia and Free Amino Acids (FAN) Methoxy- DU TOIT different vineyards were used for Chenin blanc and glutathione (GSH) for the grapes and must. pyrazines* and two for Sauvignon blanc throughout the In wine, major volatiles (affected indirectly three years of the project. through amino acid composition at the must FIGURE 2. Schematic representation of the winemaking process and the stages sampled for analyses (AF: alcoholic fermentation, PS: protein stabilisation, CS: cold stabilisation).

70 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 71 stage), methoxypyrazines and thiols as a response to foliar fertilisation with To gain more knowledge on the were evaluated. These results will be N could make the difference between mechanisms of the foliar fertilisation, PICTURE: SHUTTERSTOCK. PICTURE: presented in Part 3 of the series. sub-optimal and acceptable levels. Even various other vineyard measurements As expected, the different foliar when the same vineyard was used for can be considered: fertilisation applications had an effect two consecutive seasons (SB 2015 and • Vine measurements, such as light on the non-volatile content of the juices 2016) the effect of the treatments was intensity and nitrogen content in and musts. Generally, the composition the same. Moreover, the total amino the leaves and berries, should be and levels found were in agreement with acids and arginine (ARG) content in the included to determine the canopy the findings of the few published foliar juices were higher with the N treatments density and nitrogen content between fertilisation reports. The differences of the compared to the control, in agreement the sprays. treatments were sometimes significant with previous research. The increase • Methoxypyrazines throughout the and at other times minimal, but trends in amino acids is relevant not only ripening and winemaking process to were observed with certain non-volatile for yeast metabolism, but also for the see how the levels are affected by the compounds. The oenological parameters aromatic potential of a wine, as certain fertilisation sprays. were generally not affected by the amino acids are precursors of aroma • Sulphur-containing precursors, treatments, so we decided not to include compounds. glutathionylated and cysteinylated the results in this article. thiol precursors to be related back to GLUTATHIONE the S foliar fertilisations treatments. YAN The results and trends of GSH were not In this study, nitrogen foliar fertilisations as evident as for YAN, though N and N+S TAKE HOME MESSAGE (N and N+S) positively increased the treatments generally resulted in higher In this particular study, the foliar YAN levels compared to the control and GSH levels compared to the control for treatments did in general not have major these findings are supported by the both cultivars and all years (Figure 4) in effects on YAN and glutathione content. literature. YAN was measured in racked accordance with previous results from It is only in the lower YAN treatments juice before inoculation. The statistical literature. If the wines have the potential where foliar application lead to a analysis shows that even though all the to be aromatic, GSH levels present can “significant for practical winemaking” treatments containing N resulted in an play a crucial role by protecting varietal increase in YAN. The industry is increased level of YAN, differences were volatile thiols from oxidation, and encouraged to do their own trials to IN THIS THREE not significant (Figure 3). However, in therefore protect the aroma expression see where foliar application can work PART SERIES, WE cases where YAN was low, the increase of wines. for them and where not. A good place EXPLORE SOME NITROGEN AND SULPHUR FUNDAMENTAL Buffer S Buffer C Buffer N Buffer N+S Buffer ASPECTS OF FOLIAR FERTILISATION (PART 2) 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines SULPHUR AND NITROGEN FOLIAR Buffer N+S Buffer S Buffer C Buffer N Buffer INTRODUCTION 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines FERTILISATION All recent international studies of foliar In addition to a control (C) that received no AND THE fertilisation looked only at selected aspects foliar fertilisation, three different treatments Buffer N Buffer N+S Buffer S Buffer C Buffer CHEMICAL related mainly to the chemical composition of the were applied to the experimental vineyards. The 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines AND SENSORY grapes and wines. Driven by renewed interest, treatments consisted of nitrogen (N, Ureum LB), Buffer C Buffer N Buffer N+S Buffer S Buffer more research on foliar fertilisation was reported sulphur (S, Microthiol), and nitrogen+sulphur RESULTS OF A 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines 12 vines 3 vines in the past years. The research study presented (N+S) equivalent of 10 kg/ha N and 5 kg/ha S. RECENT PROJECT here was done in South Africa over three seasons The calculation was done taking into account the FIGURE 1. Experimental layouts used in the project, indicating the number of vines used for each treatment and the buffer zone used between the treatments. THAT TOOK and took a more comprehensive approach. We number of vines per ha and the number of vines PLACE IN SOUTH looked into some specific aspects, but also into treated. In our case, we used 1.176 g N/vine and AFRICA. PART 2 the overall effect (combination of individual 0.588 g S/vine, translating into 25.56 g Ureum Crush and Racked Finished Finished 3 months 9 months OF THE SERIES effects) of the treatments. Since a vineyard LB product and 7.35 g Microthiol product per Bottling treatment will affect not only the composition of 12 vine treatment, dissolved in 20 L water. Two destem juice AF PS & CS aged wine aged wine FOCUSES ON THE the grape, but will have a lasting effect all the way foliar sprays were applied to each vineyard every EFFECTS OF THE to the wine, evaluations took place throughout season. Foliar fertiliser sprays were applied first pH, TA, ˚B pH, TA, ˚B Free SO2 GSH pH, TA Sensory Sensory NITROGEN AND this process. approximately two to three weeks, and second, SULPHUR FOLIAR one week before véraison. There were at least 10 EXPERIMENTAL LAYOUT AND TREATMENTS days between the treatments. FERTILISATION A checkered design was used in the field Free SO2 Ethanol % Free SO2 pH, TA, Et % pH, TA, Et % ON THE NON- experiments. The general layout in a vineyard NON-VOLATILES IN GRAPES AND MUST VOLATILE row followed a pattern of 12 experimental The analyses took place at various stages of Residual Volatile Volatile YAN COMPOSITION vines, three buffer vines, followed by the next 12 the winemaking as indicated in Figure 2. The sugar thiols thiols OF GRAPES AND experimental vines. Treatments never started compounds selected for evaluation were the next to a road (at the end of a row). The layout ones potentially affected by the treatments Major Major MUSTS. BY ASTRID GSH GSH was also adapted to the vineyard block itself, applied (S- and N-containing compounds): volatiles volatiles BUICA, ALÉTA and looked like the layout presented in Figure 1. Yeast Assimilable Nitrogen (YAN) in both its BRUWER & WESSEL Due to circumstances beyond our control, three aspects, ammonia and Free Amino Acids (FAN) Methoxy- DU TOIT different vineyards were used for Chenin blanc and glutathione (GSH) for the grapes and must. pyrazines* and two for Sauvignon blanc throughout the In wine, major volatiles (affected indirectly three years of the project. through amino acid composition at the must FIGURE 2. Schematic representation of the winemaking process and the stages sampled for analyses (AF: alcoholic fermentation, PS: protein stabilisation, CS: cold stabilisation).

70 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 71 FOTO: SHUTTERSTOCK.

Transition zone: 140 mg N/L SA Chenin Blanc: 77-288 mg N/L SA Sauvignon Blanc: 78-438 mg N/L

140 mg N/L

Chenin Blanc (2015) Chenin Blanc (2016) Sauvignon Blanc (2015) Sauvignon Blanc (2016) ↑ *significant ↑/↓ FIGURE 3. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for YAN values for the three vintages and the two cultivars studied. Letters indicate significant differences.

to start would be lower YAN vineyards, keeping in mind that factors influencing the success of foliar fertilisation can be the location of the vineyards (different South African wine regions have different climates), vine age, the cultivar (nitrogen deficient red and volatile-rich cultivars, such as Sémillon, Colombard, Riesling, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot) and the combination of soil and HOE RAAK foliar fertilisation in the South African climate. The effects of the treatments on the aroma composition and sensory expression of the wines after bottle SUID-AFRIKAANSE maturation was also assessed during this project. It will be discussed in Part 3 of the series. ABSTRACT WYNDRUIFPRODUSENTE The overall aim of this research study was to investigate the effect of different foliar fertilisation treatments on the chemical composition (volatile and non-volatile compounds) of the juice BEWUS VAN and wine of Sauvignon blanc and Chenin blanc. Many research studies have been done on the biochemical and chemical origins of non-volatile (DEEL 1) and aroma compounds and the effects NUWE INNOVASIES? of the environment, and viticultural and winemaking practices on the INLEIDING onbekend. Hierdie artikel rapporteer Sonder die effektiewe oordrag die resultate van ’n studie wat in 2017 concentrations on these compounds. IN HIERDIE STUDIE IS INDIEPTE By performing chemical and sensory van kennis en die gepaardgaande gedoen is oor die effektiwiteit van die analysis to understand the influence of ONDERHOUDE MET 15 OPINIELEIER aanvaarding van nuwe tegnologie, huidige kennisoordrag kanale in die the effect of N and N+S foliar fertilisation WYNDRUIFPRODUSENTE IN ALLE sal die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf. on Chenin blanc and Sauvignon blanc, WYNBOUSTREKE IN DIE WES-KAAP sy internasionale mededingende South African winemakers and the voorsprong verloor. Vorige navorsing RESULTATE GEVOER OM INLIGTING AANGAANDE industry can use this information to het bewys dat sosiaal interaktiewe Figuur 1 is ’n voorstelling van die make decisions at the viticulture and KENNISOORDRAG KANALE IN DIE kennisoordrag kanale meer effektief effektiwiteit van verskeie kennisoordrag FIGURE 4. Reduced and oxidised GSH at the initial testing stage (racked juice) for the two winemaking level to produce wines with SUID-AFRIKAANSE WYNBEDRYF IN TE as eenrigting kennisoordrag kanale kanale in die Suid-Afrikaanse cultivars and all three vintages. The results are from four biological (vineyard) repeats each. more desirable sensory attributes. SAMEL. DEUR LEON DIPPENAAR is. Verder is die effektiwiteit van wynbedryf. Bewusmaking van nuwe huidige kennisoordrag kanale in die tegnologie en innovasies is in die – For more information, contact Astrid Buica at [email protected]. Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf relatief middel van hierdie figuur. Verder word

72 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 73 FOTO: SHUTTERSTOCK.

Transition zone: 140 mg N/L SA Chenin Blanc: 77-288 mg N/L SA Sauvignon Blanc: 78-438 mg N/L

140 mg N/L

Chenin Blanc (2015) Chenin Blanc (2016) Sauvignon Blanc (2015) Sauvignon Blanc (2016) ↑ *significant ↑/↓ FIGURE 3. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for YAN values for the three vintages and the two cultivars studied. Letters indicate significant differences. to start would be lower YAN vineyards, keeping in mind that factors influencing the success of foliar fertilisation can be the location of the vineyards (different South African wine regions have different climates), vine age, the cultivar (nitrogen deficient red and volatile-rich cultivars, such as Sémillon, Colombard, Riesling, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot) and the combination of soil and HOE RAAK foliar fertilisation in the South African climate. The effects of the treatments on the aroma composition and sensory expression of the wines after bottle SUID-AFRIKAANSE maturation was also assessed during this project. It will be discussed in Part 3 of the series. ABSTRACT WYNDRUIFPRODUSENTE The overall aim of this research study was to investigate the effect of different foliar fertilisation treatments on the chemical composition (volatile and non-volatile compounds) of the juice BEWUS VAN and wine of Sauvignon blanc and Chenin blanc. Many research studies have been done on the biochemical and chemical origins of non-volatile (DEEL 1) and aroma compounds and the effects NUWE INNOVASIES? of the environment, and viticultural and winemaking practices on the INLEIDING onbekend. Hierdie artikel rapporteer Sonder die effektiewe oordrag die resultate van ’n studie wat in 2017 concentrations on these compounds. IN HIERDIE STUDIE IS INDIEPTE By performing chemical and sensory van kennis en die gepaardgaande gedoen is oor die effektiwiteit van die analysis to understand the influence of ONDERHOUDE MET 15 OPINIELEIER aanvaarding van nuwe tegnologie, huidige kennisoordrag kanale in die the effect of N and N+S foliar fertilisation WYNDRUIFPRODUSENTE IN ALLE sal die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf. on Chenin blanc and Sauvignon blanc, WYNBOUSTREKE IN DIE WES-KAAP sy internasionale mededingende South African winemakers and the voorsprong verloor. Vorige navorsing RESULTATE GEVOER OM INLIGTING AANGAANDE industry can use this information to het bewys dat sosiaal interaktiewe Figuur 1 is ’n voorstelling van die make decisions at the viticulture and KENNISOORDRAG KANALE IN DIE kennisoordrag kanale meer effektief effektiwiteit van verskeie kennisoordrag FIGURE 4. Reduced and oxidised GSH at the initial testing stage (racked juice) for the two winemaking level to produce wines with SUID-AFRIKAANSE WYNBEDRYF IN TE as eenrigting kennisoordrag kanale kanale in die Suid-Afrikaanse cultivars and all three vintages. The results are from four biological (vineyard) repeats each. more desirable sensory attributes. SAMEL. DEUR LEON DIPPENAAR is. Verder is die effektiwiteit van wynbedryf. Bewusmaking van nuwe huidige kennisoordrag kanale in die tegnologie en innovasies is in die – For more information, contact Astrid Buica at [email protected]. Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf relatief middel van hierdie figuur. Verder word

72 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 73 wat dit kan hanteer. Dan moet jy ‘accessible’ nie. Ek sê vir jou closed group, that would be a good begin prioritiseer. Meeste van die eerlikwaar. Ek soek eerder ’n starting point.” navorsers is nie ‘communicators’ praktiese aanpassing van die • “Nee definitief, want daar sal jy dalk nie. Hulle wil besig wees met hulle ding. Ek het nog nooit regtig iets gaan kyk, soos ’n snoeidag. Ek goggas en hulle insekte of ‘whatever’. vrymoedigheid gehad om hulle te wil nie net die boekgedeelte doen Hy gee net ’n klomp grafieke en kontak nie. Ek sal die ding eerder nie. Eerlik, ek raak gou verveeld om statistieke en jy gaan huis toe en jy met my konsultant bespreek.” net die hele dag te sit en luister na het nie ’n ‘clue’ hoe om dit toe te pas iemand. Ek is oraait om te luister, nie. Oor die algemeen: Die inligting Uit vorige navorsing was dit egter maar ook dan gaan kyk. Jy kan wat bevestig is deur navorsing, te wagte dat informele verhoudings eerder ’n vraag dan vra.” moet jy eerder gaan verpak en gaan heelwat beter beoordeel sou wees as oordra aan die eindverbruiker.” negende effektiefste kennisoordrag kanaal uit 15. Dit blyk egter dat (in ’n Die verrassende lae beoordeling van Suid-Afrikaanse konteks) wedersydse mobiele toepassings (tweede laaste) vertroue en die validasie van gedeelde was nie te wagte nie. Dit kan egter aan inligting ’n uitdaging in ’n informele die gebrek van toepaslike mobiele konteks is. toepassings toegeskryf word. ’n Direkte en ongeredigeerde AANBEVELINGS ’n Direkte en ongeredigeerde aanhaling vanaf een van die deelnemers aanhaling vanaf een deelnemer ter ter ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: • ’n Hernude fokus moet op die toepaslike en ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: • “Kom so vier/vyf boere bymekaar, praktiese vertaling van • “I wish there was something. I praat ’n bietjie, braai ’n vleisie, drink navorsing in populêre publikasies geplaas downloaded a couple of applications ’n dop, maar dit raak later ’n ‘party’. and in the end ended up uninstalling Jy sal sê jy het iets gedoen en dan word. them, because it was really not sal die ander man sê, ‘Nee man, daai • Inligtingsdae: Minder FIGUUR 1. ’n Diagrammatiese voorstelling van die effektiwiteit van die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf kennisoordrag sisteem. relevant. I am looking for an ding is nonsens’, en dan val dit plat.” lesings, maar eerder application where any day in the relevante inligting season, I can go on there and get Sosiale media en inligtingsdae kan in wat op ’n interaktiewe die effektiwiteit van die onderskeie Ek aanvaar hy het daai kennis ook, blok in Australië staan as jy sê na stuff that applies to the time of year. drie kategorieë ingedeel word, naamlik manier aangebied word. kennisoordrag kanale as sirkels rondom maar hy sien of die nou-aanplanting die foto’s kyk of ’n video op YouTube. But yes, I always check if there is eenrigting kanale, interaktiewe kanale • Kort, interaktiewe “bewusmaking” voorgestel. Hoe verder daar werk anders gaan hy mos nie Maar dit is maar net aanvanklik wat one.” of ’n kombinasie tussen eenrigting en demoperseel besoeke die sirkel vanaf “bewusmaking” is, hoe dit vir my hier vertel nie. Ek het al jy daar ingaan, as jy nou nie meer interaktiewe kanale. Normaalweg sal moet georganiseer word. minder effektief is daardie spesifieke klaar daai bietjie ‘trust’ in sy oordeel verder wil gaan nie, kan jy mos Verder, was gesig-tot-gesig hierdie kanale meer effektief raak soos kennisoordrag kanaal. net dat hy dit noem en so.” maar iemand bel of iemand kontak.” kennisoordraging vanaf navorsers as die die graad van interaktiwiteit toeneem. • Wynproeklubs met Die mees effektiewe kennisoordrag derde minste effektiewe kennisoordrag ’n Paar direkte en ongeredigeerde ’n tegniese fokus • “Dis waar jy met medeboere ’n kanaal is konsultasie- en Hierdie is ’n bewys dat die Suid- kanaal beoordeel. Nietemin die feit aanhalings vanaf die deelnemers ter moet op streeksvlak gesprek het. Waar die konsultant voorligtingsdienste. Verder word Afrikaanse kennisoordrag sisteem dat dit ’n interaktiewe kanaal is. ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: aangemoedig word. sit met die konsep, sit die medeboer die mees effektiewe kennisoordrag nie alleen op interaktiewe kanale kan Hierdie verskynsel kan aan die verskil met die praktyk. ‘Wat is prakties?’ • Identifiseer opinieleiers kanale na die minste effektiewe kanale staatmaak nie, maar dat dit eerder in die direkte en ongeredigeerde • “I was hoping things like Twitter will met ander woorde. Na Vinpro, staan op streeksvlak en skep ’n kloksgewys rondom hierdie figuur gelys. ’n kombinasie van interaktiewe en kennisverwysingsraamwerk tussen die do it, but it is too public, too open die sosiale netwerk nogals sterk meganisme waarvolgens Die top agt kennisoordrag kanale is eenrigting kanale moet wees. produsent en die navorser toegeskryf for everyone and unrelated minds. dus aan die regterkant van die figuur uit. Ek verifieer wat ek hoor by die word. When somebody comments on there, opinieleiers inligting oor Die sewe minste effektiewe gelys en die sewe minste effektiewe ’n Direkte en ongeredigeerde I cannot respond, it is too public. You streeksgrense heen kan konsultant deur my sosiale netwerk.” kennisoordrag kanale (aan die kanale aan die linkerkant. Verder aanhaling vanaf een van die deelnemers get good questions, but I cannot start uitruil. linkerkant van Figuur 1) bestaan uit drie word die kanale ook gekategoriseer ter ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: conversations there, so if you had an Dit was egter nie te wagte dat die twee eenrigting kanale, twee interaktiewe in interaktiewe kanale (groen kleur), • “Die navorser is nie regtig app where you know you are in a eenrigting kanale, naamlik populêre kanale en laastens twee kanale wat eenrigting kanale (blou kleur), asook media, asook die internet, so effektief is beide as ’n interaktiewe, sowel as ’n kanale wat beide as interaktiewe en nie (posisie drie en vier onderskeidelik). eenrigting kanaal, kan optree. eenrigting kanale beskou kan word – Vir meer inligting, kontak Leon Dippenaar by [email protected]. ’n Paar direkte en ongeredigeerde Dit was te wagte dat die eenrigting (beige kleur). aanhalings vanaf die deelnemers ter kanale van akademiese publikasies en Dit is interessant om daarop te let dat ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: kongresse laag beoordeel sou word. ses van die agt mees effektiewe kanale ’n Paar direkte en ongeredigeerde (aan die regterkant) interaktiewe kanale • “Ek is lief daarvoor om goed te lees, is. Uit vorige navorsing was dit te wagte. aanhalings vanaf die deelnemers ter hetsy in die Wynboer en waar ookal. ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: Konsultasie- en voorligtingsdienste was Ek dink nie mens moet dit onderskat eerste en buurmanne tweede. nie, mens lees van ’n ou wat goed • “Die skryfwyse van baie van die TIRED OF WAITING Sien onder ’n paar direkte en doen, ensovoorts.” ongeredigeerde aanhalings vanaf die verslae is so dat dit is eintlik net die WEEKS FOR YOUR LABELS? deelnemers ter ondersteuning van • “Die gouste is maar die internet. ouens wat dit regtig bestudeer het, hierdie stelling: Jy kyk mos nou maar wat hulle in wat dit kan verstaan. Gee vir my ’n Amerika, Australië of Europa doen. ‘one-pager please’.” CALL US. • “Die konsultant sien meeste gevalle Dis maklik, Google net. Dis vinnig, • “Tyd. Jy weet jy het net twee hande WE HAVE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE. ook of dit daar werk of nie werk nie. jy is nou daar, dis asof jy nou in ’n en tien vingers en jy kan net hanteer – For more information, contact John Moore at [email protected] Mike Carter | 082 706 5599 WE CARE MORE. [email protected]

74 SEPTEMBER 2019 wat dit kan hanteer. Dan moet jy ‘accessible’ nie. Ek sê vir jou closed group, that would be a good begin prioritiseer. Meeste van die eerlikwaar. Ek soek eerder ’n starting point.” navorsers is nie ‘communicators’ praktiese aanpassing van die • “Nee definitief, want daar sal jy dalk nie. Hulle wil besig wees met hulle ding. Ek het nog nooit regtig iets gaan kyk, soos ’n snoeidag. Ek goggas en hulle insekte of ‘whatever’. vrymoedigheid gehad om hulle te wil nie net die boekgedeelte doen Hy gee net ’n klomp grafieke en kontak nie. Ek sal die ding eerder nie. Eerlik, ek raak gou verveeld om statistieke en jy gaan huis toe en jy met my konsultant bespreek.” net die hele dag te sit en luister na het nie ’n ‘clue’ hoe om dit toe te pas iemand. Ek is oraait om te luister, nie. Oor die algemeen: Die inligting Uit vorige navorsing was dit egter maar ook dan gaan kyk. Jy kan wat bevestig is deur navorsing, te wagte dat informele verhoudings eerder ’n vraag dan vra.” moet jy eerder gaan verpak en gaan heelwat beter beoordeel sou wees as oordra aan die eindverbruiker.” negende effektiefste kennisoordrag kanaal uit 15. Dit blyk egter dat (in ’n Die verrassende lae beoordeling van Suid-Afrikaanse konteks) wedersydse mobiele toepassings (tweede laaste) vertroue en die validasie van gedeelde was nie te wagte nie. Dit kan egter aan inligting ’n uitdaging in ’n informele die gebrek van toepaslike mobiele konteks is. toepassings toegeskryf word. ’n Direkte en ongeredigeerde AANBEVELINGS ’n Direkte en ongeredigeerde aanhaling vanaf een van die deelnemers aanhaling vanaf een deelnemer ter ter ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: • ’n Hernude fokus moet op die toepaslike en ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: • “Kom so vier/vyf boere bymekaar, praktiese vertaling van • “I wish there was something. I praat ’n bietjie, braai ’n vleisie, drink navorsing in populêre publikasies geplaas downloaded a couple of applications ’n dop, maar dit raak later ’n ‘party’. and in the end ended up uninstalling Jy sal sê jy het iets gedoen en dan word. them, because it was really not sal die ander man sê, ‘Nee man, daai • Inligtingsdae: Minder FIGUUR 1. ’n Diagrammatiese voorstelling van die effektiwiteit van die Suid-Afrikaanse wynbedryf kennisoordrag sisteem. relevant. I am looking for an ding is nonsens’, en dan val dit plat.” lesings, maar eerder application where any day in the relevante inligting season, I can go on there and get Sosiale media en inligtingsdae kan in wat op ’n interaktiewe die effektiwiteit van die onderskeie Ek aanvaar hy het daai kennis ook, blok in Australië staan as jy sê na stuff that applies to the time of year. drie kategorieë ingedeel word, naamlik manier aangebied word. kennisoordrag kanale as sirkels rondom maar hy sien of die nou-aanplanting die foto’s kyk of ’n video op YouTube. But yes, I always check if there is eenrigting kanale, interaktiewe kanale • Kort, interaktiewe “bewusmaking” voorgestel. Hoe verder daar werk anders gaan hy mos nie Maar dit is maar net aanvanklik wat one.” of ’n kombinasie tussen eenrigting en demoperseel besoeke die sirkel vanaf “bewusmaking” is, hoe dit vir my hier vertel nie. Ek het al jy daar ingaan, as jy nou nie meer interaktiewe kanale. Normaalweg sal moet georganiseer word. minder effektief is daardie spesifieke klaar daai bietjie ‘trust’ in sy oordeel verder wil gaan nie, kan jy mos Verder, was gesig-tot-gesig hierdie kanale meer effektief raak soos kennisoordrag kanaal. net dat hy dit noem en so.” maar iemand bel of iemand kontak.” kennisoordraging vanaf navorsers as die die graad van interaktiwiteit toeneem. • Wynproeklubs met Die mees effektiewe kennisoordrag derde minste effektiewe kennisoordrag ’n Paar direkte en ongeredigeerde ’n tegniese fokus • “Dis waar jy met medeboere ’n kanaal is konsultasie- en Hierdie is ’n bewys dat die Suid- kanaal beoordeel. Nietemin die feit aanhalings vanaf die deelnemers ter moet op streeksvlak gesprek het. Waar die konsultant voorligtingsdienste. Verder word Afrikaanse kennisoordrag sisteem dat dit ’n interaktiewe kanaal is. ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: aangemoedig word. sit met die konsep, sit die medeboer die mees effektiewe kennisoordrag nie alleen op interaktiewe kanale kan Hierdie verskynsel kan aan die verskil met die praktyk. ‘Wat is prakties?’ • Identifiseer opinieleiers kanale na die minste effektiewe kanale staatmaak nie, maar dat dit eerder in die direkte en ongeredigeerde • “I was hoping things like Twitter will met ander woorde. Na Vinpro, staan op streeksvlak en skep ’n kloksgewys rondom hierdie figuur gelys. ’n kombinasie van interaktiewe en kennisverwysingsraamwerk tussen die do it, but it is too public, too open die sosiale netwerk nogals sterk meganisme waarvolgens Die top agt kennisoordrag kanale is eenrigting kanale moet wees. produsent en die navorser toegeskryf for everyone and unrelated minds. dus aan die regterkant van die figuur uit. Ek verifieer wat ek hoor by die word. When somebody comments on there, opinieleiers inligting oor Die sewe minste effektiewe gelys en die sewe minste effektiewe ’n Direkte en ongeredigeerde I cannot respond, it is too public. You streeksgrense heen kan konsultant deur my sosiale netwerk.” kennisoordrag kanale (aan die kanale aan die linkerkant. Verder aanhaling vanaf een van die deelnemers get good questions, but I cannot start uitruil. linkerkant van Figuur 1) bestaan uit drie word die kanale ook gekategoriseer ter ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: conversations there, so if you had an Dit was egter nie te wagte dat die twee eenrigting kanale, twee interaktiewe in interaktiewe kanale (groen kleur), • “Die navorser is nie regtig app where you know you are in a eenrigting kanale, naamlik populêre kanale en laastens twee kanale wat eenrigting kanale (blou kleur), asook media, asook die internet, so effektief is beide as ’n interaktiewe, sowel as ’n kanale wat beide as interaktiewe en nie (posisie drie en vier onderskeidelik). eenrigting kanaal, kan optree. eenrigting kanale beskou kan word – Vir meer inligting, kontak Leon Dippenaar by [email protected]. ’n Paar direkte en ongeredigeerde Dit was te wagte dat die eenrigting (beige kleur). aanhalings vanaf die deelnemers ter kanale van akademiese publikasies en Dit is interessant om daarop te let dat ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: kongresse laag beoordeel sou word. ses van die agt mees effektiewe kanale ’n Paar direkte en ongeredigeerde (aan die regterkant) interaktiewe kanale • “Ek is lief daarvoor om goed te lees, is. Uit vorige navorsing was dit te wagte. aanhalings vanaf die deelnemers ter hetsy in die Wynboer en waar ookal. ondersteuning van hierdie stelling: Konsultasie- en voorligtingsdienste was Ek dink nie mens moet dit onderskat eerste en buurmanne tweede. nie, mens lees van ’n ou wat goed • “Die skryfwyse van baie van die TIRED OF WAITING Sien onder ’n paar direkte en doen, ensovoorts.” ongeredigeerde aanhalings vanaf die verslae is so dat dit is eintlik net die WEEKS FOR YOUR LABELS? deelnemers ter ondersteuning van • “Die gouste is maar die internet. ouens wat dit regtig bestudeer het, hierdie stelling: Jy kyk mos nou maar wat hulle in wat dit kan verstaan. Gee vir my ’n Amerika, Australië of Europa doen. ‘one-pager please’.” CALL US. • “Die konsultant sien meeste gevalle Dis maklik, Google net. Dis vinnig, • “Tyd. Jy weet jy het net twee hande WE HAVE AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE. ook of dit daar werk of nie werk nie. jy is nou daar, dis asof jy nou in ’n en tien vingers en jy kan net hanteer – For more information, contact John Moore at [email protected] Mike Carter | 082 706 5599 WE CARE MORE. [email protected]

74 SEPTEMBER 2019 hygienic of all beverages”. Wine helped effect of a red wine with 12% alcohol to eradicate the cholera in Hamburg before and after alcohol removal to 6%, in 1892. However, the use of wine as a using the reverse osmosis technique. medicine became neglected in the 1920s To our surprise, the wine with 6% with the awareness of the harmful effect alcohol offered as much cardiovascular of excess alcohol consumption and protection as the 12% wine, both the implementation of the prohibition wines increasing the cardiac function in the United States. One has to wait by approximately 60% compared until 1992 for Dr. Serge Renaud to to a pre-treatment with water only. revive the interest of wine as a healthy Our data therefore strongly suggest beverage: Interviewed in the US news that alcohol in wine may not be the program called “60 Minutes”, Serge primary component contributing to the Renaud presented his latest research cardiovascular benefit of wine. findings showing low cardiovascular mortality rate in the French population ABOUT RESVERATROL beside a high daily fat consumption. He Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in attributed this French paradox to the wine, is a strong antioxidant well regular and moderate consumption known for its multiple health benefits. of wine, which is characteristic of the Produced in the skin of grapes, this French population. Shortly after his phytoalexin is mainly found in red wine mediatic intervention, the sales of red at concentrations varying between 0.2 wine in the United States jumped by and 5.8 mg/L, depending mainly on almost 45% and the American Food and the grape variety and the winemaking Drug Administration dietary guidelines process. Although resveratrol removed their statement that “wine has possesses strong cardiovascular no health benefit” to allow moderate properties, its contribution into the consumption of wine with meals. cardiovascular benefit of moderate and chronic moderate consumption of EXPERIMENTAL LAYOUT AND RESULTS wine remains to be demonstrated, as Numerous population studies have since most of the cardiovascular benefits of confirmed the cardiovascular protective resveratrol have been demonstrated for effect of chronic and moderate concentrations of resveratrol above its consumption of wine (2 - 3 glasses and concentration found in wine. 1 - 2 glasses of wine per day for men The concentration of melatonin is largely for cardioprotection (above). and women, respectively). However, ABOUT MELATONIN dependent on the type of grapes and Recently, the presence of melatonin the exact components found in wine Melatonin (N-acetyl-5- the winemaking process. The type isomers has been discovered in wine which contribute to this health benefit methoxytryptamine) is another of soil, the climate and the different at concentrations even higher than still remain to be delineated. Ischemic component in wine that has attracted field treatments of the grape vines melatonin itself. In partnership with our heart disease, commonly referred to attention in the past few years. This (such as benzothiadiazole) can largely colleagues in Italy (who have been able hormone, produced in both humans increase the levels of melatonin in the to isolate these melatonin isomers), we and plants, is well known for its role in skins of vine grapes, although most of are currently exploring whether these the regulation of our sleeping pattern. melatonin’s production seems to occur isomers may present any health benefits Synthetised mainly in the brain at night, during the fermentation process. for wine drinkers. it triggers our sleep by modulation of At the Hatter Institute, we have been CONCLUSION the physiological circadian clock. In able to demonstrate that the presence The presence of melatonin in the vine MELATONIN IN WINE plants, the physiological functions of of melatonin in wine contributes to and in wine may present benefits to melatonin still remain to be understood. the cardioprotective effect of regular grow a healthy vine, to improve the As a strong antioxidant, the presence and moderate consumption of quality of the wine and to protect of melatonin in plants seems to protect wine. Indeed, a chronic treatment of the heart of wine drinkers. Although it from stressful situations, such as melatonin, given at the concentration melatonin is known to have very little PROTECTS YOUR HEART drought, temperature changes or UV equivalent to the concentration found side effects, its interaction with the other radiations. It is also suggested that in 2 - 3 glasses of red wine, was able A BIT OF HISTORY as a heart attack, is associated with thousand components in wine, including melatonin may be key to enhance the to protect against the cellular damage Wine is the oldest documented human cellular death of the heart tissue which, with the different melatonin isomers, still development stage of the plant and the observed in a simulated heart attack WE DISCUSS HERE made medicine, with Sumerian’s tablets function to its extent, will compromise remains to be understood. photosynthesis process. model. Melatonin is a strong antioxidant HOW THE PRESENCE and papyri from Egypt (as old as the pumping activity (cardiac function) 2200 BC) describing medicinal recipes of the heart. With the vision to better Melatonin in wine was discovered in and it exerts most of its physiological ABSTRACT OF MELATONIN IN WINE including the use of wine. Hippocrates understand the cardiovascular benefits 2006 in both red and white wines, with function via melatonin receptors. When Numerous population studies suggest MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE recommended wine as an antiseptic, of chronic and moderate consumption of melatonin levels reported to be highest a chronic and moderate treatment the health benefit of chronic and CARDIOPROTECTIVE HEALTH a diuretic and a sedative. In the 19th wine, we have established a preclinical in red wines, ranging from 2 pg/mL - of wine was given together with an moderate consumption of wine. Wine 500 pg/mL. In South African wines, inhibitor of the melatonin receptors, contains over a thousand different BENEFIT OF CHRONIC AND Century, wine lover Louis Pasteur not model mimicking a heart attack by only demonstrated that yeast was using an isolated heart model in rats similar levels of melatonin have been the cardiovascular benefit of wine was components and the exact components MODERATE CONSUMPTION OF responsible for fermentation to produce that were pre-treated with wine at a reported with a maximal concentration largely attenuated, therefore suggesting that may contribute to its health benefit WINE. BY SANDRINE LECOUR alcohol from sugar, but he also praised dose equivalent to 2 - 3 glasses of wine found in Pinotage (unpublished data). that melatonin in wine plays a key role still remain unclear. the health benefit of wine quoting per day in humans. In this model, we “Wine is the most healthful and most compared the cardiovascular protective – For more information, contact Prof. Sandrine Lecour at [email protected].

76 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 77 hygienic of all beverages”. Wine helped effect of a red wine with 12% alcohol to eradicate the cholera in Hamburg before and after alcohol removal to 6%, in 1892. However, the use of wine as a using the reverse osmosis technique. medicine became neglected in the 1920s To our surprise, the wine with 6% with the awareness of the harmful effect alcohol offered as much cardiovascular of excess alcohol consumption and protection as the 12% wine, both the implementation of the prohibition wines increasing the cardiac function in the United States. One has to wait by approximately 60% compared until 1992 for Dr. Serge Renaud to to a pre-treatment with water only. revive the interest of wine as a healthy Our data therefore strongly suggest beverage: Interviewed in the US news that alcohol in wine may not be the program called “60 Minutes”, Serge primary component contributing to the Renaud presented his latest research cardiovascular benefit of wine. findings showing low cardiovascular mortality rate in the French population ABOUT RESVERATROL beside a high daily fat consumption. He Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in attributed this French paradox to the wine, is a strong antioxidant well regular and moderate consumption known for its multiple health benefits. of wine, which is characteristic of the Produced in the skin of grapes, this French population. Shortly after his phytoalexin is mainly found in red wine mediatic intervention, the sales of red at concentrations varying between 0.2 wine in the United States jumped by and 5.8 mg/L, depending mainly on almost 45% and the American Food and the grape variety and the winemaking Drug Administration dietary guidelines process. Although resveratrol removed their statement that “wine has possesses strong cardiovascular no health benefit” to allow moderate properties, its contribution into the consumption of wine with meals. cardiovascular benefit of moderate and chronic moderate consumption of EXPERIMENTAL LAYOUT AND RESULTS wine remains to be demonstrated, as Numerous population studies have since most of the cardiovascular benefits of confirmed the cardiovascular protective resveratrol have been demonstrated for effect of chronic and moderate concentrations of resveratrol above its consumption of wine (2 - 3 glasses and concentration found in wine. 1 - 2 glasses of wine per day for men The concentration of melatonin is largely for cardioprotection (above). and women, respectively). However, ABOUT MELATONIN dependent on the type of grapes and Recently, the presence of melatonin the exact components found in wine Melatonin (N-acetyl-5- the winemaking process. The type isomers has been discovered in wine which contribute to this health benefit methoxytryptamine) is another of soil, the climate and the different at concentrations even higher than still remain to be delineated. Ischemic component in wine that has attracted field treatments of the grape vines melatonin itself. In partnership with our heart disease, commonly referred to attention in the past few years. This (such as benzothiadiazole) can largely colleagues in Italy (who have been able hormone, produced in both humans increase the levels of melatonin in the to isolate these melatonin isomers), we and plants, is well known for its role in skins of vine grapes, although most of are currently exploring whether these the regulation of our sleeping pattern. melatonin’s production seems to occur isomers may present any health benefits Synthetised mainly in the brain at night, during the fermentation process. for wine drinkers. it triggers our sleep by modulation of At the Hatter Institute, we have been CONCLUSION the physiological circadian clock. In able to demonstrate that the presence The presence of melatonin in the vine MELATONIN IN WINE plants, the physiological functions of of melatonin in wine contributes to and in wine may present benefits to melatonin still remain to be understood. the cardioprotective effect of regular grow a healthy vine, to improve the As a strong antioxidant, the presence and moderate consumption of quality of the wine and to protect of melatonin in plants seems to protect wine. Indeed, a chronic treatment of the heart of wine drinkers. Although it from stressful situations, such as melatonin, given at the concentration melatonin is known to have very little PROTECTS YOUR HEART drought, temperature changes or UV equivalent to the concentration found side effects, its interaction with the other radiations. It is also suggested that in 2 - 3 glasses of red wine, was able A BIT OF HISTORY as a heart attack, is associated with thousand components in wine, including melatonin may be key to enhance the to protect against the cellular damage Wine is the oldest documented human cellular death of the heart tissue which, with the different melatonin isomers, still development stage of the plant and the observed in a simulated heart attack WE DISCUSS HERE made medicine, with Sumerian’s tablets function to its extent, will compromise remains to be understood. photosynthesis process. model. Melatonin is a strong antioxidant HOW THE PRESENCE and papyri from Egypt (as old as the pumping activity (cardiac function) 2200 BC) describing medicinal recipes of the heart. With the vision to better Melatonin in wine was discovered in and it exerts most of its physiological ABSTRACT OF MELATONIN IN WINE including the use of wine. Hippocrates understand the cardiovascular benefits 2006 in both red and white wines, with function via melatonin receptors. When Numerous population studies suggest MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE recommended wine as an antiseptic, of chronic and moderate consumption of melatonin levels reported to be highest a chronic and moderate treatment the health benefit of chronic and CARDIOPROTECTIVE HEALTH a diuretic and a sedative. In the 19th wine, we have established a preclinical in red wines, ranging from 2 pg/mL - of wine was given together with an moderate consumption of wine. Wine 500 pg/mL. In South African wines, inhibitor of the melatonin receptors, contains over a thousand different BENEFIT OF CHRONIC AND Century, wine lover Louis Pasteur not model mimicking a heart attack by only demonstrated that yeast was using an isolated heart model in rats similar levels of melatonin have been the cardiovascular benefit of wine was components and the exact components MODERATE CONSUMPTION OF responsible for fermentation to produce that were pre-treated with wine at a reported with a maximal concentration largely attenuated, therefore suggesting that may contribute to its health benefit WINE. BY SANDRINE LECOUR alcohol from sugar, but he also praised dose equivalent to 2 - 3 glasses of wine found in Pinotage (unpublished data). that melatonin in wine plays a key role still remain unclear. the health benefit of wine quoting per day in humans. In this model, we “Wine is the most healthful and most compared the cardiovascular protective – For more information, contact Prof. Sandrine Lecour at [email protected].

76 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 77 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae” is fermentasie kan dus voordelig toegepas laer in die gemengde inokulasie vir is die feit dat Starmerella bacillaris deur Englezos en mede-outeurs in 2018 word om hierdie eienskappe te Chardonnay en Muskaat, terwyl geen verkies om fruktose in plaas van SEKWENSIËLE gepubliseer. Die studie het die effek van bevorder. beduidende verskille vir Riesling en glukose te metaboliseer. Hierdie hierdie gisrasse (of die kombinasie van Die verskillende kultivars het Sauvignon blanc gerapporteer is nie. Die eienskap kan as ’n hulpmiddel gebruik gisrasse) op die aromaprofiel van vier variërende resultate opgelewer in terme algehele konsentrasie van etielasetaat word om die hoeveelheid fruktose verskillende witwynkultivars ondersoek. van die vlugtige (aroma) inhoud van die was laag vir al die kultivars en sou aan die begin van fermentasie te INOKULASIE VAN wyne. Die gemengde fermentasies het waarskynlik nie ’n negatiewe impak op verminder, waarna fermentasie deur EKSPERIMENTELE UITLEG hoër konsentrasies van 2-fenieletanol die wynaroma gehad het nie. Saccharomyces cerevisiae geïnisieer Die kultivars wat in hierdie studie (“roos” en “blomagtig”), asook 1-heksanol Die gemengde fermentasie het kan word. Sodoende word die risiko ondersoek is, is Sauvignon blanc, (“groen” en “gesnyde gras”), vir al die beduidend minder vetsure (oktanoë- en van ’n steekfermentasie verminder. Riesling, Muskaat en Chardonnay. Daar STARMERELLA kultivars opgelewer. Hierdie verskille dekanoësuur) bevat. Oor die algemeen Die laer alkoholopbrengs en die hoër is twee behandelings op elke kultivar was wel nie in alle gevalle beduidend word hierdie vetsure as ongewens gliserolvorming hou ook sensoriese toegepas: nie. Die konsentrasie van isobutanol beskou, maar in die huidige studie voordele in. Resultate van ’n soortgelyke 1. Inokulasie met Starmerella bacillaris (“kruidagtig”) was ook hoër in die was die konsentrasies van hierdie studie het wel gewys dat variërende BACILLARIS EN en sekwensiële inokulasie met gemengde fermentasie, maar slegs komponente van so ’n aard dat dit nie hoeveelhede asynsuur en asetaldehied Saccharomyces cerevisiae 48 uur ná vir Sauvignon blanc en Riesling. Vir ’n negatiewe bydrae tot die wyn sou gevorm kan word. Hierdie eienskap die eerste inokulasie (gemeng); Chardonnay en Muskaat, het die gelewer het nie. moet voor die gebruik van die tegniek 2. Inokulasie met slegs Saccharomyces SACCHAROMYCES enkelfermentasie hoër konsentrasies Vir Muskaat het die gemengde oorweeg word. cerevisiae (enkel). van isobutanol, asook isoamielalkohol, fermentasie gelei tot verminderde Hierdie studie bewys dat sekwensiële Fermentasies is in 1 L glashouers tot gevolg gehad. hoeveelhede terpene en inokulasie, met verskillende gisspesies, gedoen en die groeidinamika (tydens Esters in wyn dra tot die algehele norisoprenoïede. Hierdie komponente is wel ’n diversifiseringseffek op CEREVISIAE – fermentasie) van die twee gisspesies is vrugtige aroma by. Die etielesters vir die tipiese muskaatkarakter in wyn wynsamestelling het. In baie gevalle was deur plaattellings gemonitor. Vlugtige (etieloktanoaat, etieldekanoaat en verantwoordelik en die toepassing van die verskille tussen die behandelings komponente is deur GC/MS-tegnologie etieldodekanoaat) was almal in laer hierdie behandeling kan dus geweldig geanaliseer. egter gering en sou moontlik nie ’n VERNAAMSTE EFFEKTE konsentrasies vir die gemengde nadelig vir hierdie tipe wynstyl wees. direkte sensoriese impak gehad het nie. VERNAAMSTE RESULTATE fermentasie teenwoordig, met die Interessant dat die Riesling (waarvan Die beperkinge van die studie is dat die INLEIDING Tydens die beginfase van fermentasie, uitsondering van Sauvignon blanc, die aroma ook grotendeels deur hierdie wyn nie deur ’n opgeleide sensoriese ’N ONLANGSE STUDIE HET Die bydrae van ’n verskeidenheid het Starmerella bacillaris hoofsaaklik waar die gemengde fermentasie hoër aromakomponente bepaal word), nie paneel geëvalueer is nie. Die resultate hoeveelhede opgelewer het. Hoë SEKWENSIËLE INOKULASIE VAN inheemse gisspesies tot die kompleksiteit fruktose teen ’n tempo van 9 g/L in 48 dieselfde tendens getoon het nie. Vir van so ’n ondersoek sou van geweldige van ’n wyn is reeds voorheen deur uur gemetaboliseer. Dié gisspesie het konsentrasies van hierdie komponente hierdie kultivar is geen beduidende waarde gewees het en sou beslis gewig TWEE GISSPESIES (TEENOOR DIE navorsers bevestig. Die probleem dus die verbruik van fruktose bo glukose kan tot “pynappel”-, “peer”-, “vrugtige”- verskille tussen die gemengde- en aan die gebruik van hierdie tegniek INOKULASIE VAN SLEGS EEN SPESIE) met hierdie tipe fermentasies is die verkies. Saccharomyces cerevisiae en “blomagtige” aromas bydra. enkelfermentasies gerapporteer nie. verleen het. Die variërende resultate Die asetaatesters (heksielasetaat, EN DIE EFFEK DAARVAN OP DIE onvoorspelbaarheid en die gebrek aan het ongeveer 81 g/L suiker (glukose en Vlugtige tiole is besonderse wat tussen die verskillende kultivars herhaalbaarheid wat dikwels ondervind fruktose) binne die eerste 48 uur na oktielasetaat, 2-fenieletielasetaat en WYN SE CHEMIESE SAMESTELLING, kragtige aromakomponente en dra tot verkry is, dui ook die sterk invloed van word. Daarom verkies wynmakers om inokulasie verbruik. Die fruktofiliese 3-metiel-1-butanolasetaat) was almal “grenadella”-, “pomelo”-, “tamatieblaar”- die inherente sapsamestelling aan. Die in laer hoeveelhede teenwoordig in ONDERSOEK. DEUR CARIEN COETZEE voorspelbare kommersiële gispreparate gedrag van Starmerella bacillaris hou en “koejawel”-geure van wyn by. spesifieke matriks sal dus bepaal of die die gemengde fermentasies vir al die te gebruik om fermentasies suksesvol uit beduidende voordele vir die wynbedryf Die gemengde inokulasie het tot ’n verwagte gunstige resultate verkry sal kultivars. Hierdie kan ’n vermindering te voer. Die kompleksiteit verkry deur in. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is geringe (tog beduidende) toename word, al dan nie. natuurlike/inheemse gisting kan wel geneig om glukose te metaboliseer van aromas, soos “blomagtig”, “heuning”, in die vlugtige tioolkonsentrasies “piesang” en “vrugtig”, tot gevolg hê. nagemaak word deur die “wilde” gisras bó fruktose wat kan lei na ongunstige van die Sauvignon blanc wyn gelei. UITTREKSEL Etielasetaat is ’n ester wat, in hoë Beduidende verskille tussen die te inokuleer. Sodoende kan ’n voldoende glukose/fruktose verhoudings, wat dan Verdere inligting oor die effek van die konsentrasies, ’n naelpolitoer-aroma aan hoeveelheid esters, hoër alkohole, gistelling en wenslike fermentasie steekfermentasies en oortollige fruktose- gemengde fermentasie op die vlugtige wyn kan verleen. Lae konsentrasies van vetsure, terpene, asook vlugtige tiole, is omstandighede beheer word. Daarna inhoud aan die einde van fermentasie tioolkonsentrasie word benodig. kan Saccharomyces cerevisiae (wat tot gevolg kan hê. Deur die aanvanklike hierdie komponent is nie problematies gerapporteer. Verdere bevindings sluit in alkoholtolerant is) geïnokuleer word om fruktosekonsentrasie reeds aan die nie en dra tot die algehele vrugtige DIE BELANG VAN DIE STUDIE die fruktofiliese gedrag van die “wilde” suksesvolle fermentasie te verseker. begin van fermentasie te verlaag, kan aroma by. In die huidige studie was die Een van die hoofvoordele van die gis, asook die gis se bydrae om ’n wyn ’n Studie getiteld: “Volatile profile of die risiko van ’n steekfermentasie etielasetaatkonsentrasie beduidend gebruik van sekwensiële inokulasie met effense laer alkohol te produseer. white wines fermented with sequential verminder word. inoculation of Starmerella bacillaris Die gemengde fermentasie het effens ILLUSTRASIE: SHUTTERSTOCK. – Vir meer inligting, kontak dr. Carien Coetzee by [email protected]. minder alkohol (0.1 tot 0.2 % v/v), in vergelyking met die enkelfermentasie, opgelewer. Soortgelyke studies, ADVERTEERDERS IN HIERDIE UITGAWE / ADVERTISERS IN THIS ISSUE wat dieselfde gisspesies en inokulasieprotokol getoets het, het ’n Argo Landini ...... OBC DOW ...... 67 Simei ...... 17 alkoholvermindering van tot 0.5 % v/v Avery Dennison ...... 56, 57 Ikapa ...... Insert Stihl ...... 64 gerapporteer. Hierdie tipe behandeling het dus die potensiaal om beduidende Bayer ...... IFC, 1 InteliGro ...... 58 Thalès ...... 49 voordele vir die gisting van sappe met Bosman Adama ...... 3 KWV ...... 43 Veritas Labels ...... 75 hoë suikerinhoud, in te hou. Cadus ...... 46, 47 Origin Wine ...... 11 Veronafiere ...... 59 Die gliserolinhoud van die gemengde Cape Cooperage ...... 51 Red Dawn ...... IBC Vinéa SA ...... OFC fermentasie (9.3 g/L tot 10.3 g/L) CDS Vintec ...... 52, 53, 54 Rotolabel ...... 10 Vititec ...... 55 was hoër in vergelyking met die ConeTech ...... 13 SA Terrior ...... 18, 19 WBWE ...... 11 enkelfermentasie (7.8 g/L tot 8.4 g/L). Gliserol dra tot die viskositeit en dus die Cork Supply ...... 63 Sentritex ...... 61 mondgevoel van wyn by. Die gemengde

78 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 79 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae” is fermentasie kan dus voordelig toegepas laer in die gemengde inokulasie vir is die feit dat Starmerella bacillaris deur Englezos en mede-outeurs in 2018 word om hierdie eienskappe te Chardonnay en Muskaat, terwyl geen verkies om fruktose in plaas van SEKWENSIËLE gepubliseer. Die studie het die effek van bevorder. beduidende verskille vir Riesling en glukose te metaboliseer. Hierdie hierdie gisrasse (of die kombinasie van Die verskillende kultivars het Sauvignon blanc gerapporteer is nie. Die eienskap kan as ’n hulpmiddel gebruik gisrasse) op die aromaprofiel van vier variërende resultate opgelewer in terme algehele konsentrasie van etielasetaat word om die hoeveelheid fruktose verskillende witwynkultivars ondersoek. van die vlugtige (aroma) inhoud van die was laag vir al die kultivars en sou aan die begin van fermentasie te INOKULASIE VAN wyne. Die gemengde fermentasies het waarskynlik nie ’n negatiewe impak op verminder, waarna fermentasie deur EKSPERIMENTELE UITLEG hoër konsentrasies van 2-fenieletanol die wynaroma gehad het nie. Saccharomyces cerevisiae geïnisieer Die kultivars wat in hierdie studie (“roos” en “blomagtig”), asook 1-heksanol Die gemengde fermentasie het kan word. Sodoende word die risiko ondersoek is, is Sauvignon blanc, (“groen” en “gesnyde gras”), vir al die beduidend minder vetsure (oktanoë- en van ’n steekfermentasie verminder. Riesling, Muskaat en Chardonnay. Daar STARMERELLA kultivars opgelewer. Hierdie verskille dekanoësuur) bevat. Oor die algemeen Die laer alkoholopbrengs en die hoër is twee behandelings op elke kultivar was wel nie in alle gevalle beduidend word hierdie vetsure as ongewens gliserolvorming hou ook sensoriese toegepas: nie. Die konsentrasie van isobutanol beskou, maar in die huidige studie voordele in. Resultate van ’n soortgelyke 1. Inokulasie met Starmerella bacillaris (“kruidagtig”) was ook hoër in die was die konsentrasies van hierdie studie het wel gewys dat variërende BACILLARIS EN en sekwensiële inokulasie met gemengde fermentasie, maar slegs komponente van so ’n aard dat dit nie hoeveelhede asynsuur en asetaldehied Saccharomyces cerevisiae 48 uur ná vir Sauvignon blanc en Riesling. Vir ’n negatiewe bydrae tot die wyn sou gevorm kan word. Hierdie eienskap die eerste inokulasie (gemeng); Chardonnay en Muskaat, het die gelewer het nie. moet voor die gebruik van die tegniek 2. Inokulasie met slegs Saccharomyces SACCHAROMYCES enkelfermentasie hoër konsentrasies Vir Muskaat het die gemengde oorweeg word. cerevisiae (enkel). van isobutanol, asook isoamielalkohol, fermentasie gelei tot verminderde Hierdie studie bewys dat sekwensiële Fermentasies is in 1 L glashouers tot gevolg gehad. hoeveelhede terpene en inokulasie, met verskillende gisspesies, gedoen en die groeidinamika (tydens Esters in wyn dra tot die algehele norisoprenoïede. Hierdie komponente is wel ’n diversifiseringseffek op CEREVISIAE – fermentasie) van die twee gisspesies is vrugtige aroma by. Die etielesters vir die tipiese muskaatkarakter in wyn wynsamestelling het. In baie gevalle was deur plaattellings gemonitor. Vlugtige (etieloktanoaat, etieldekanoaat en verantwoordelik en die toepassing van die verskille tussen die behandelings komponente is deur GC/MS-tegnologie etieldodekanoaat) was almal in laer hierdie behandeling kan dus geweldig geanaliseer. egter gering en sou moontlik nie ’n VERNAAMSTE EFFEKTE konsentrasies vir die gemengde nadelig vir hierdie tipe wynstyl wees. direkte sensoriese impak gehad het nie. VERNAAMSTE RESULTATE fermentasie teenwoordig, met die Interessant dat die Riesling (waarvan Die beperkinge van die studie is dat die INLEIDING Tydens die beginfase van fermentasie, uitsondering van Sauvignon blanc, die aroma ook grotendeels deur hierdie wyn nie deur ’n opgeleide sensoriese ’N ONLANGSE STUDIE HET Die bydrae van ’n verskeidenheid het Starmerella bacillaris hoofsaaklik waar die gemengde fermentasie hoër aromakomponente bepaal word), nie paneel geëvalueer is nie. Die resultate hoeveelhede opgelewer het. Hoë SEKWENSIËLE INOKULASIE VAN inheemse gisspesies tot die kompleksiteit fruktose teen ’n tempo van 9 g/L in 48 dieselfde tendens getoon het nie. Vir van so ’n ondersoek sou van geweldige van ’n wyn is reeds voorheen deur uur gemetaboliseer. Dié gisspesie het konsentrasies van hierdie komponente hierdie kultivar is geen beduidende waarde gewees het en sou beslis gewig TWEE GISSPESIES (TEENOOR DIE navorsers bevestig. Die probleem dus die verbruik van fruktose bo glukose kan tot “pynappel”-, “peer”-, “vrugtige”- verskille tussen die gemengde- en aan die gebruik van hierdie tegniek INOKULASIE VAN SLEGS EEN SPESIE) met hierdie tipe fermentasies is die verkies. Saccharomyces cerevisiae en “blomagtige” aromas bydra. enkelfermentasies gerapporteer nie. verleen het. Die variërende resultate Die asetaatesters (heksielasetaat, EN DIE EFFEK DAARVAN OP DIE onvoorspelbaarheid en die gebrek aan het ongeveer 81 g/L suiker (glukose en Vlugtige tiole is besonderse wat tussen die verskillende kultivars herhaalbaarheid wat dikwels ondervind fruktose) binne die eerste 48 uur na oktielasetaat, 2-fenieletielasetaat en WYN SE CHEMIESE SAMESTELLING, kragtige aromakomponente en dra tot verkry is, dui ook die sterk invloed van word. Daarom verkies wynmakers om inokulasie verbruik. Die fruktofiliese 3-metiel-1-butanolasetaat) was almal “grenadella”-, “pomelo”-, “tamatieblaar”- die inherente sapsamestelling aan. Die in laer hoeveelhede teenwoordig in ONDERSOEK. DEUR CARIEN COETZEE voorspelbare kommersiële gispreparate gedrag van Starmerella bacillaris hou en “koejawel”-geure van wyn by. spesifieke matriks sal dus bepaal of die die gemengde fermentasies vir al die te gebruik om fermentasies suksesvol uit beduidende voordele vir die wynbedryf Die gemengde inokulasie het tot ’n verwagte gunstige resultate verkry sal kultivars. Hierdie kan ’n vermindering te voer. Die kompleksiteit verkry deur in. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is geringe (tog beduidende) toename word, al dan nie. natuurlike/inheemse gisting kan wel geneig om glukose te metaboliseer van aromas, soos “blomagtig”, “heuning”, in die vlugtige tioolkonsentrasies “piesang” en “vrugtig”, tot gevolg hê. nagemaak word deur die “wilde” gisras bó fruktose wat kan lei na ongunstige van die Sauvignon blanc wyn gelei. UITTREKSEL Etielasetaat is ’n ester wat, in hoë Beduidende verskille tussen die te inokuleer. Sodoende kan ’n voldoende glukose/fruktose verhoudings, wat dan Verdere inligting oor die effek van die konsentrasies, ’n naelpolitoer-aroma aan hoeveelheid esters, hoër alkohole, gistelling en wenslike fermentasie steekfermentasies en oortollige fruktose- gemengde fermentasie op die vlugtige wyn kan verleen. Lae konsentrasies van vetsure, terpene, asook vlugtige tiole, is omstandighede beheer word. Daarna inhoud aan die einde van fermentasie tioolkonsentrasie word benodig. kan Saccharomyces cerevisiae (wat tot gevolg kan hê. Deur die aanvanklike hierdie komponent is nie problematies gerapporteer. Verdere bevindings sluit in alkoholtolerant is) geïnokuleer word om fruktosekonsentrasie reeds aan die nie en dra tot die algehele vrugtige DIE BELANG VAN DIE STUDIE die fruktofiliese gedrag van die “wilde” suksesvolle fermentasie te verseker. begin van fermentasie te verlaag, kan aroma by. In die huidige studie was die Een van die hoofvoordele van die gis, asook die gis se bydrae om ’n wyn ’n Studie getiteld: “Volatile profile of die risiko van ’n steekfermentasie etielasetaatkonsentrasie beduidend gebruik van sekwensiële inokulasie met effense laer alkohol te produseer. white wines fermented with sequential verminder word. inoculation of Starmerella bacillaris Die gemengde fermentasie het effens ILLUSTRASIE: SHUTTERSTOCK. – Vir meer inligting, kontak dr. Carien Coetzee by [email protected]. minder alkohol (0.1 tot 0.2 % v/v), in vergelyking met die enkelfermentasie, opgelewer. Soortgelyke studies, ADVERTEERDERS IN HIERDIE UITGAWE / ADVERTISERS IN THIS ISSUE wat dieselfde gisspesies en inokulasieprotokol getoets het, het ’n Argo Landini ...... OBC DOW ...... 67 Simei ...... 17 alkoholvermindering van tot 0.5 % v/v Avery Dennison ...... 56, 57 Ikapa ...... Insert Stihl ...... 64 gerapporteer. Hierdie tipe behandeling het dus die potensiaal om beduidende Bayer ...... IFC, 1 InteliGro ...... 58 Thalès ...... 49 voordele vir die gisting van sappe met Bosman Adama ...... 3 KWV ...... 43 Veritas Labels ...... 75 hoë suikerinhoud, in te hou. Cadus ...... 46, 47 Origin Wine ...... 11 Veronafiere ...... 59 Die gliserolinhoud van die gemengde Cape Cooperage ...... 51 Red Dawn ...... IBC Vinéa SA ...... OFC fermentasie (9.3 g/L tot 10.3 g/L) CDS Vintec ...... 52, 53, 54 Rotolabel ...... 10 Vititec ...... 55 was hoër in vergelyking met die ConeTech ...... 13 SA Terrior ...... 18, 19 WBWE ...... 11 enkelfermentasie (7.8 g/L tot 8.4 g/L). Gliserol dra tot die viskositeit en dus die Cork Supply ...... 63 Sentritex ...... 61 mondgevoel van wyn by. Die gemengde

78 SEPTEMBER 2019 SEPTEMBER 2019 79 CHEERS VIR EERS

Wanneer jy Die groot bottel se wyn was in ’n volmaakte toestand: ryk, fors en dieprooi ’n sekere met daardie verleidelike umami-geure wat in ’n goeie veroudering in jou kiewe draal. ouderdom Vervullend is miskien die regte word vir hierdie soort ernstige wyn waar jy meer bereik, moet jy die geskiedenis van die oorspronklike versigtig loop wingerd bepeins en die wynmaker herdenk as met meer moderne wyne. vir nostalgie. Carl Schultz, reeds sedert 1994 Hartenberg se geleerde wynmeester, Die hede kan het destyds die bottel oorhandig toe in die verlede ons oor die kwynende stokke gesels het. Min sou hy wis oor die wonderlike verstrengel verjaardaggeskenk vele jare later! Die geskiedenis van pontak is soos raak. die legende van die Vlieënde Hollander: dit het in die Kaap aangedoen en toe in die mis verdwyn. Heel romanties dus en geheimsinnig. Min is bekend oor pontak se afkoms en die druif se ampelografi e. Maar dit was eens ’n hoeksteen van die Kaap die Goeie Hoop se wynland- ekonomie, onder meer in die beroemde soetwyne van Constantia en selfs in uitvoere na Indië, volgens Leipoldt. Dit was reeds in die 18de eeu wyd aangeplant en gebruik. Onder al die wyndruiwe is dit die een druif wat donkerrooi sap het (ander druiwe soos Cabernet en Pinot se doppe gee die kleur). Leipoldt skryf dat jy die sap op kladpapier kan uitken. Wingerdkundiges vermoed dit is verwant aan die Franse teinturier mâle met sy rooi sap, maar omdat die laaste stokke skynbaar erg aan virus gely het, was belangstelling en navorsing in ons HERINNERING EN geweste skraal. Interessant genoeg skryf Leipoldt in sy kundige 300 Years of Cape Wine HEILDRONK MET PONTAC van 1952 juis oor die vroeë verkleuring van pontak-stokke in die wingerd – wat DEUR MELVYN MINNAAR ons vandag weet ’n aanduiding is van kwellinge en kwale. Hy bewonder die n tog ... met ’n mylpaal-verjaardag Iets omtrent die trek van die 19 jaar oue mooi herfskleure, beskryf die wyn as mag jy darem seker ’n bietjie Hartenberg se kurk en die skink in die “in ’n klas van sy eie”, en verwys na in herinneringe en heimwee laaste glase onder talle wynvriende was en dokumenteer die hoë vrugtesuur, verdwaal. En dít was dan ook ietwat elegies en beslis nostalgies. Tog tannien en suiker teen volle rypheid – die rede vir die belangrike groot was dit ook ’n viering van geskiedenis en alles goed vir goeie wyn. Ebottel en daarna die bottel KWV Ruby kultuur. ’n Sweempie legende het tot die Dit is veral sy opmerkings oor 1949, en die vriende wat gehelp het om laaste droesem aan die groot bottel geklou. verouderde pontak wat op my dit leeg te maak. Dalk sou die gees van pontak – soos Louis geselligheid met die groot bottel helder In hierdie erfenismaand was dit veral Leipoldt dit gespel het – nie weer uit die opgeklink het. “Verouderde Pontak is ’n daardie magnumfl es Hartenberg Pontac bottel te voorskyn kom nie, het iemand buitengewone en algehele karaktervolle 2000 wat so kordaat vir ons wynkultuur metafories gewonder. Goeie vraag. wyn ... wonderlik donker en tog absoluut ingestaan het. Die laaste oesjaar van ’n ’n Mens kan in hierdie dae van helder, diep karbonkelrooi wat in later pontac-rooiwyn formeel in die botte l. Die wynmakers se wingerd- en kelder- jare ligter van kleur word.” Inderdaad. laaste droë wyn van ’n wyndruifsoort avonture met “uitlanders” wat wissel Nie ver van waar ons in Woodstock wat ’n lang en diep geskiedenis in die van albarino tot assyrtiko, sinies wonder gekuier het nie, is ’n kort straatjie Kaapse wynlande het. (Die De Wet- waarom hulle dan nie pontak laat met die naam Pontac. Die Paarl het wynkelder duskant Worcester het herleef nie. Selfs palomino is dan nou natuurlik ook sy eie straatjie en mooi in 2008 ’n gefortifi seerde, port-tipe weer mode. En natuurlik die huidige gastehuis met dié naam. Is dit die enigste soetwyn van waarskynlik die laaste opwinding oor ou wingerde. Hoe het nalatenskap van die eens vrygewige, pontac-stokke gemaak. Sela.) pontak dan so stil-stil heengegaan? geduldige druif? w

80 SEPTEMBER 2019 DD2407 RD Sulphur Advert_FINAL_v2.pdf 2 3/11/2019 5:10:38 PM

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