Ceramic Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing: A Literature Review on Density Wenchao Dua, Xiaorui Renb, Zhijian Peia, Chao Maa,b,c,* a Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX c Department of Engineering Technology & Industrial Distribution, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX *
[email protected] Abstract The objective of this review paper is to summarize the current status and identify the knowledge gaps in ceramic binder jetting additive manufacturing, in a particular focus on density. This paper begins with an overview of the process, material considerations, and process parameters. It then discusses different aspects of density, including various terminologies, measurement methods, and achieved values. Afterwards, it reviews two categories of techniques to increase the part density: material preparation techniques (powder granulation, mixing powders of different sizes, using slurry feedstock, and mixing different materials) and post-processing techniques (sintering, chemical reaction, infiltration, and isostatic pressing). Finally, it presents the knowledge gaps in the literature. 1 Introduction Ceramic materials can have outstanding properties, such as extraordinary hardness, excellent resistance to wear, heat, and corrosion, and exceptional biocompatibility. Therefore, ceramic materials have a wide range of applications, from orthopaedic and dental implants in the biomedical industry to engine components in the aerospace and automotive industries. However, 1 it is very costly to fabricate ceramic parts of complex shapes using conventional manufacturing techniques. For complex ceramic parts, tooling can contribute up to 80% of the overall cost if conventional techniques are used [1]. Conventional techniques have other disadvantages including excessive cost in prototyping and difficulty to make design changes.