Community Development and ELR: A Gender Perspec ve on the Jefes y Jefas de Hogar
Employment Guarantee Policies: Responding to the Current Crisis, Promoting Long-Term Development Goals UNDP-LEVY Conference June 22-23, 2009
Martha Tepepa Argen na:Crisis Outcomes
• Crisis: Intensified nutri onal, health, access to housing, educa on and income problems. • Urban Poverty: Increase popula on in Irregular Se lements. Jefes and Jefas de Hogar
• Social Program for unemployed workers: AR$150 pesos/ month (Aprox 50$). • Criteria: Unemployed, household head, minor, willing to engage in a work or training ac vity (Contraprestacion Project) 20 hrs/week. • Household with children under the age of 18 or with disabled persons of any age. • 2 mill. Par cipants. • Projects aimed to develop local produc vity, capacity building through technical and economic assistance: employability, inser on/reinser on in L mkt. • Law N° 1506/04 prorogated December 31, 2005 & set a deadline for reorganiza on. Contraprestación Projects
• Community Projects: Collec ve ac vi es that cover needs and social problems in vulnerable neighborhoods; • Micro‐Entrepreneurial Ac vi es: Produc on of ar cles to be commercialized or consumed in the community; • Educa on: Courses aimed to complete elementary, secondary or ter ary levels; • Skill and Training Programs; • Administra ve Tasks in Municipali es; • Factories and Industry related. Par cipants Distribu on in Projects
• 80% par cipated in a project.
Source: Ministerio de Trabajo Argentina 2004 % SINGLE Par cipants by gender (June 2004) Projects Visited since August 2006
IMPTCE Office ‐ Lomas de Zamora. La Voluntad del Cielo – Ciudad Oculta/Villa 15. Decentralized Municipal office of Cuartel Noveno ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Unidad de Trabajo Ing. Budge ‐ Villa La Madrid Community Dining Room Las Hormiguitas Viajeras ‐ San Mar n. Biblioteca Popular Roberto Aret ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Barrio Soledad‐ Lomas de Zamora. Community Dining Room Vivan los Suenos Felices‐ Barrio Costa Esperanza. Escuela de Adultos y Formacion Profesional 706 ‐ Villa Fiorito. Casa Del Nino‐ Lomas de Zamora. Bakery and Workshop Club de Madres Trabajadoras Vecinales ‐ Villa Alber na. Sport and Educa on Club ‐ Barrio Diego Armando Maradona. Coopera va Nueva Argen na‐ Barrio Sta Catalina
Ciudad Oculta: La Buena Voluntad de Cielo
200 Persons visit the Dining room everyday. Around 10 beneficiaries work in the kitchen.
Textile Workshop, Community Library, Legal Aid, Youth Activities on Saturdays. Dining Room, Classrooms and Child Care Facili es
Facilities built by Participants of JJP. 40 Children in the Child Care Facilities. 2 Teachers (unemployed) & approx 6 aides (Participants of JJP). 2 Classrooms in the lower levels. New Classrooms have been recently added. Community Kitchen staffed aprox. 20 women. Playrooms, Legal Aid, Library,Workshops: Photography and Textile. Vegetable Garden. Lomas de Zamora
IMPTCE Office ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Decentralized Municipal office of Cuartel Noveno ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Barrio Soledad‐ Lomas de Zamora. Escuela de Adultos y Formacion Profesional 706 ‐ Villa Fiorito. Casa Del Nino‐ Lomas de Zamora. Sport and Educa on Club ‐ Barrio Diego Armando Maradona. Coopera va Nueva Argen na‐ Barrio Sta Catalina. Par cipants in Lomas de Zamora 02‐05 Prior Employment Histories Cuartel Noveno & Ing. Budge
% of Recorded Cuartel Former Activity Labor Noveno Budge Nov, Dec’05 Histories Jul-Sep ’05 Jan ’06 Construction Worker 7,90 Persons attended 6584 8816 Shoe Maker 1,50 Demand for Resources 1049 276 Kitchen Helper 2,20 Pre-enrollment in Low skill Construction Aid 1,90 different Seamstress 3,00 projects 1248 670 Administrative worker 1,45 Labor Histories Obtained 5098 6467 Housekeeping (Hotels, Hospitals) 1,40 Files completed 5000 6448 Domestic Maid 19,70 Institutions and Organization Babysitter 1,60 s attended 133 147 No specific task Beneficiaries Food industry and recreation 1,90 enrolled in Handcrafts and Industry 6,14 Municipal projects 2334 2299 Commerce and transportation 2,16 Beneficiaries Cleaning Offices 2,80 enrolled in General Maintainance 1,50 Community projects 2117 3543 Sales 5,60 IMPTCE Health, Security 1,42 Questionnari es 5098 6467 Current JJP Projects: Lomas de Zamora
• Social, Educa on, Work Inclusion Programs • Training • Shoe Schools • Tex le School • Construc on • Employment Workshops • Legal Advice Na onal Council for the Coordina on of Social Policies Current Programs
• Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Local y Economía Social : Community projects. Target: Extreme poverty, unemployed, social vulnerable. • Plan Familias: Health and Educa on. Children and mothers. Target: Single mothers transfered from JJH • Plan Más y Mejor Trabajo: Promote employability of beneficiaries of social programs. Target: unemployed • Plan Adultos Mayores : Target: Men and Women over 70 no income, pension, etc. • Prestación por Desempleo: Subsidy to recently fired workers, Family payments (asignaciones familiares). H20 + Labor
• Social Inclusion Program PLUS water service. Objec ve: Create infrastructure and jobs. • Prevent and reduce health problems due to water, extend water and drain service, create local coopera ves, involve communi es on project. • Covers 13 municipali es in Greater Buenos Aires. • Ins tu onal arrangements: Aguas y Saneamientos Argen nos, Federal Planning Public Investment and Services Ministry and local authori es. • ASA provides primary infrastructure : water supply to new nods. • Lomas de Zamora: agreement among Secretaría de Obras y Servicios Públicos del Ministerio de Planificación Federal, Inversión Pública y Servicios; Aguas y Saneamientos Argen nos (AySA) and the municipality. • Works are done by coopera ves integrated by 16 neighbors. • Projec ons to reach almost 1 million in 13 municipali es by 2011. 17 coopera ves in LZ trained by Sindicato Trabajadores de Obras Sanitarias. Nueva Argen na: Nueva Argen na: 14 women 2 men working in Barrio SantaCatalina. Expar cipants in JJP. Women in October 2008: 2040 mts of water pipes. Municipality: administra ve assistant, coopera ves support,machinery,equipment and trucks. AYSA: technical support, major works, heavy machinery. Coopera ve gets paid according mts./month Maria Benitez, president of NA: “Al principio no nos teniamos fe, pero despues nos pusimos las pilas…Yo hace 14 a que vivo en el barrio y para nosotros es un progreso muy grande el agua” Women perform electro‐merger unions for plumbing and the sewage welding. Rest: deals w/ pipes, ditches,soldering, bombs etc.. Finished work: 5080 mts network, 494 connec ons. >2000 people will have access to water.