Community Development and ELR: A Gender Perspecve on the Jefes y Jefas de Hogar Employment Guarantee Policies: Responding to the Current Crisis, Promoting Long-Term Development Goals UNDP-LEVY Conference June 22-23, 2009 Martha Tepepa Argenna:Crisis Outcomes • Crisis: Intensified nutrional, health, access to housing, educaon and income problems. • Urban Poverty: Increase populaon in Irregular Selements. Jefes and Jefas de Hogar • Social Program for unemployed workers: AR$150 pesos/ month (Aprox 50$). • Criteria: Unemployed, household head, minor, willing to engage in a work or training acvity (Contraprestacion Project) 20 hrs/week. • Household with children under the age of 18 or with disabled persons of any age. • 2 mill. Parcipants. • Projects aimed to develop local producvity, capacity building through technical and economic assistance: employability, inseron/reinseron in L mkt. • Law N° 1506/04 prorogated December 31, 2005 & set a deadline for reorganizaon. Contraprestación Projects • Community Projects: Collecve acvies that cover needs and social problems in vulnerable neighborhoods; • Micro‐Entrepreneurial Acvies: Producon of arcles to be commercialized or consumed in the community; • Educaon: Courses aimed to complete elementary, secondary or terary levels; • Skill and Training Programs; • Administrave Tasks in Municipalies; • Factories and Industry related. Parcipants Distribuon in Projects • 80% parcipated in a project. Source: Ministerio de Trabajo Argentina 2004 % SINGLE Parcipants by gender (June 2004) Projects Visited since August 2006 IMPTCE Office ‐ Lomas de Zamora. La Voluntad del Cielo – Ciudad Oculta/Villa 15. Decentralized Municipal office of Cuartel Noveno ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Unidad de Trabajo Ing. Budge ‐ Villa La Madrid Community Dining Room Las Hormiguitas Viajeras ‐ San Marn. Biblioteca Popular Roberto Aret ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Barrio Soledad‐ Lomas de Zamora. Community Dining Room Vivan los Suenos Felices‐ Barrio Costa Esperanza. Escuela de Adultos y Formacion Profesional 706 ‐ Villa Fiorito. Casa Del Nino‐ Lomas de Zamora. Bakery and Workshop Club de Madres Trabajadoras Vecinales ‐ Villa Alberna. Sport and Educaon Club ‐ Barrio Diego Armando Maradona. Cooperava Nueva Argenna‐ Barrio Sta Catalina Ciudad Oculta: La Buena Voluntad de Cielo 200 Persons visit the Dining room everyday. Around 10 beneficiaries work in the kitchen. Textile Workshop, Community Library, Legal Aid, Youth Activities on Saturdays. Dining Room, Classrooms and Child Care Facilies Facilities built by Participants of JJP. 40 Children in the Child Care Facilities. 2 Teachers (unemployed) & approx 6 aides (Participants of JJP). 2 Classrooms in the lower levels. New Classrooms have been recently added. Community Kitchen staffed aprox. 20 women. Playrooms, Legal Aid, Library,Workshops: Photography and Textile. Vegetable Garden. Lomas de Zamora IMPTCE Office ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Decentralized Municipal office of Cuartel Noveno ‐ Lomas de Zamora. Barrio Soledad‐ Lomas de Zamora. Escuela de Adultos y Formacion Profesional 706 ‐ Villa Fiorito. Casa Del Nino‐ Lomas de Zamora. Sport and Educaon Club ‐ Barrio Diego Armando Maradona. Cooperava Nueva Argenna‐ Barrio Sta Catalina. Parcipants in Lomas de Zamora 02‐05 Prior Employment Histories Cuartel Noveno & Ing. Budge % of Recorded Cuartel Former Activity Labor Noveno Budge Nov, Dec’05 Histories Jul-Sep ’05 Jan ’06 Construction Worker 7,90 Persons attended 6584 8816 Shoe Maker 1,50 Demand for Resources 1049 276 Kitchen Helper 2,20 Pre-enrollment in Low skill Construction Aid 1,90 different Seamstress 3,00 projects 1248 670 Administrative worker 1,45 Labor Histories Obtained 5098 6467 Housekeeping (Hotels, Hospitals) 1,40 Files completed 5000 6448 Domestic Maid 19,70 Institutions and Organization Babysitter 1,60 s attended 133 147 No specific task Beneficiaries Food industry and recreation 1,90 enrolled in Municipal Handcrafts and Industry 6,14 projects 2334 2299 Commerce and transportation 2,16 Beneficiaries Cleaning Offices 2,80 enrolled in Community General Maintainance 1,50 projects 2117 3543 Sales 5,60 IMPTCE Health, Security 1,42 Questionnari es 5098 6467 Current JJP Projects: Lomas de Zamora • Social, Educaon, Work Inclusion Programs • Training • Shoe Schools • Texle School • Construcon • Employment Workshops • Legal Advice Naonal Council for the Coordinaon of Social Policies Current Programs • Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Local y Economía Social : Community projects. Target: Extreme poverty, unemployed, social vulnerable. • Plan Familias: Health and Educaon. Children and mothers. Target: Single mothers transfered from JJH • Plan Más y Mejor Trabajo: Promote employability of beneficiaries of social programs. Target: unemployed • Plan Adultos Mayores : Target: Men and Women over 70 no income, pension, etc. • Prestación por Desempleo: Subsidy to recently fired workers, Family payments (asignaciones familiares). H20 + Labor • Social Inclusion Program PLUS water service. Objecve: Create infrastructure and jobs. • Prevent and reduce health problems due to water, extend water and drain service, create local cooperaves, involve communies on project. • Covers 13 municipalies in Greater Buenos Aires. • Instuonal arrangements: Aguas y Saneamientos Argennos, Federal Planning Public Investment and Services Ministry and local authories. • ASA provides primary infrastructure : water supply to new nods. • Lomas de Zamora: agreement among Secretaría de Obras y Servicios Públicos del Ministerio de Planificación Federal, Inversión Pública y Servicios; Aguas y Saneamientos Argennos (AySA) and the municipality. • Works are done by cooperaves integrated by 16 neighbors. • Projecons to reach almost 1 million in 13 municipalies by 2011. 17 cooperaves in LZ trained by Sindicato Trabajadores de Obras Sanitarias. Nueva Argenna: Nueva Argenna: 14 women 2 men working in Barrio SantaCatalina. Exparcipants in JJP. Women in October 2008: 2040 mts of water pipes. Municipality: administrave assistant, cooperaves support,machinery,equipment and trucks. AYSA: technical support, major works, heavy machinery. Cooperave gets paid according mts./month Maria Benitez, president of NA: “Al principio no nos teniamos fe, pero despues nos pusimos las pilas…Yo hace 14 a que vivo en el barrio y para nosotros es un progreso muy grande el agua” Women perform electro‐merger unions for plumbing and the sewage welding. Rest: deals w/ pipes, ditches,soldering, bombs etc.. Finished work: 5080 mts network, 494 connecons. >2000 people will have access to water. .