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INFORMATION to USERS This Manuscript Has Been Reproduced INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted.Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced fonn at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Beil & Howell Inrormation Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313.761 4700 800.521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Order Number 9200940 A curriculum manual for educational dance in church-related schools Higginbotham, Jo Ann Bates, D.A. Middle Tennessee State University, 1991 Copyright ©1991 by Higginbotham, Jo Ann Bates. All rights reserved. UMI 300 N. Zccb Rd. Ann Arbor, M I 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. A Curriculum Manual for Educational Dance in Church-Related Schools Jo Ann Bates Higginbotham A dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of Middle Tennessee State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Arts in the Department of Physical Education August 1991 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. A Curriculum Manual for Educational Dance in Church-Related Schools APPROVED: Graduate Committee; iajbr Professor amittee MemoerCommittee ______ Committee Member Head of the Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation Dean of/the Graduate School Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. (C) 1991 Jo Ann Higginbotham ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT A Curriculum Manual for Educational Dance in Church-Related Schools Jo Ann Bates Higginbotham The purpose of this study was to develop a curriculum and instructional manual for educational dance in Church of God schools in particular and other church-related schools in general, preschool through twelfth grade. The dance forms selected were creative, modern, liturgical, and folk. These forms seem most appropriate due to the nature of the manual and because of their contribution to the total development of students. After extensive review of related literature, including several states' dance curricula, an educational dance curriculum of five developmental levels was organized. Development Level I consists of preschool through grade 1; Developmental Level II, grades 2 and 3; Developmental Level III, grades 4-6; Developmental Level IV, grades 7-8; Developmental Level V, grades 9-12. Included in the manual are methods and materials for teaching educational dance and sample lesson plans for the selected dance forms at all developmental levels. Supplementary sources and materials are included in the appendix. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated with love and respect to the following people: To my personal friend and savior, Jesus Christ, I dedicate this work. He has been my constant source of strength and guidance, and without Him, I could do nothing. To my precious parents, Richard and Lena Bates, I dedicate this study. They are godly parents who have lovingly encouraged, guided, and supported me throughout my life. I love and appreciate them more than words can express. To my parents-in-law, S. W. and Sarah Higginbotham, I dedicate this work. During the years I have been their daughter-in-law, they have continued to offer love, encouragement, and support of my efforts. My appreciation is further extended to the entire Higginbotham family. To my dear friend, Audrey Linton, I dedicate this study. She has been a supporting and encouraging influence throughout my life, as well as during my doctoral studies. Finally, to my beloved husband, Andy, I dedicate this study. He has worked and sacrificed devotedly to make this dissertation possible. I am grateful for his love, encouragement, support, and strength of character. 11 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer would like to acknowledge the following people who made possible the writing of this dissertation; To Dr. Katherine Strobel, who has directed my dissertation, I express special gratitude. Her knowledge, skill, and expertise in educational dance attributed to the successful completion of this study. I also appreciate the long hours of conscientious effort she devoted to its completion. To Dr. Glen P. Reeder, who was the second person on my doctoral committee, I am grateful. His kind encouragement, understanding, and wisdom have been invaluable. He is not only a gentleman and a scholar, but also a caring professor. To Dr. Robert Womack, who was my Higher Education Professor, I express appreciation. His encouragement, support, and ability to stimulate "thinking" has meant much to my efforts. To Dr. Zane Adams, Professor of Health and Physical Education at Cleveland State Community College, I am thankful. Her willingness to share her folk dance library, along with her reassurance, has been very helpful. To Ms. Katherine Kasch, Director of Dance at Girls' Preparatory School, I express special appreciation. Her extensive knowledge and expertise in modern and liturgical iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. dance, along with her excellent teaching skills, were invaluable to this study. To the Lee College Rhythmic Activities class (Spring Semester, 1991), I am very grateful. Their willingness to learn dances included in this study, evaluate my efforts, and perform before the video camera contributed much to this dissertation. To the Lee College faculty and staff, I express appreciation. They have offered encouragement and support throughout my doctoral studies. I offer a special note of thanks to Mrs. Pam Browning, Assistant Professor of Education, for her willingness to read and critique my writing. To my friend, colleague, and Christian brother, Mr. Mark Wickam, I express special appreciation. His willingness to assist my efforts from the beginning to the end of my doctoral studies has been unlimited. Finally, to Mrs. Judy Clayton who typed this dissertation, I extend a special thanks. Her patience, understanding, and professional competence have made my efforts easier. IV Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of A ppendices........................................viii Chapter 1. Introduction ................................. 1 Purpose of Study .......................... 3 Statement of the Problem ................. 4 Limitations of the Study ................. 4 Delimitation of the Study ................. 4 Rationale for the Study .................... 4 Definition of Terms ........................ 5 2. Review of Related Literature ............... 7 Creative Dance ............................ 7 Modern Dance .............................. 11 Liturgical Dance .......................... 14 Folk D a n c e ................................. 17 3. Methods and Procedures ...................... 21 4. Dance: An Historical Perspective ......... 26 A CURRICULUM MANUAL FOR EDUCATIONAL DANCE IN CHURCH-RELATED SCHOOLS ...................... 38 PREFACE ......................................... 39 SECTION 1: OVERVIEW .......................... 40 SECTION 2: DANCE PROGRAM: CREATIVE AND FOLK .............................. 64 V Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Page Chapter CREATIVE DANCE PROGRAM.. ..................... 65 SAMPLE CREATIVE DANCE LESSON PLANS Developmental Level I ................... 69 SAMPLE CREATIVE DANCE LESSON PLANS Developmental Level II ................. 104 SAMPLE CREATIVE DANCE LESSON PLANS Developmental Level III ................. 142 FOLK DANCE PROGRAM .......................... 185 SAMPLE FOLK DANCE LESSON PLAN Developmental Level II ................. 189 SECTION 3: DANCE PROGRAM: MODERN,
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