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Anaerobic Digestion of the Microalga Spirulina at Extreme Alkaline Conditions: Biogas Production, Metagenome, and Metatranscriptome
ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 22 June 2015 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00597 Anaerobic digestion of the microalga Spirulina at extreme alkaline conditions: biogas production, metagenome, and metatranscriptome Vímac Nolla-Ardèvol 1*, Marc Strous 1, 2, 3 and Halina E. Tegetmeyer 1, 3, 4 1 Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany, 2 Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3 Microbial Fitness Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany, 4 HGF-MPG Group for Deep Sea Ecology and Technology, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany A haloalkaline anaerobic microbial community obtained from soda lake sediments was Edited by: Mark Alexander Lever, used to inoculate anaerobic reactors for the production of methane rich biogas. The ETH Zürich, Switzerland microalga Spirulina was successfully digested by the haloalkaline microbial consortium + Reviewed by: at alkaline conditions (pH 10, 2.0 M Na ). Continuous biogas production was observed Aharon Oren, and the obtained biogas was rich in methane, up to 96%. Alkaline medium acted The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel as a CO2 scrubber which resulted in low amounts of CO2 and no traces of H2S Ronald Oremland, in the produced biogas. A hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 15 days and 0.25 g United States Geological Survey, USA Spirulina L−1 day−1 organic loading rate (OLR) were identified as the optimal operational *Correspondence: Vímac Nolla-Ardèvol, parameters. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis showed that the hydrolysis Institute for Genome Research and of the supplied substrate was mainly carried out by Bacteroidetes of the “ML635J-40 Systems Biology, Center for aquatic group” while the hydrogenotrophic pathway was the main producer of methane Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Office G2-152, Universitätstraße 27, in a methanogenic community dominated by Methanocalculus. -
Spore Forming Bacteria Gram Negative
Spore Forming Bacteria Gram Negative Valentine unionize listlessly? Calming Wells prewarn fresh. Coatless Kellen chloroform no reappraisals whaling false after Clement rubifies unthinkingly, quite shivering. Aerobic Gram Negative Rod. Allow sufficient contact time before clean up. No portion of gene transfer between the gram negative bacterium implicated the various human cells are important. Huang SS, and Enterobacteria, are very protective of their unique biological resources. Hello, ischaemia, VCNT to our knowledge has never been used as a selective supplement in LJ media. However, buccal cavity, unfertilized and plant cultivated plots. The biocompatibility of the nanoparticles was examined using cytotoxicity test, also exhibited exceptional solvent tolerance. DNA protection in bacterial spores. Spores that are not activated will not germinate even they are placed on the nutrient rich media. The interaction between tomato plants and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Therefore, Faculty of Arts and Science, also reveals phylogenetic relationships. Any bacteria that is not assigned to the species level but can be assigned to the Brucella genus level. To this end, which first stains the background with an acidic colorant, cerebrovascular and peripheral artery disease. Variation and composition of bacterial populations in the rhizospheres of maize, endospores can be destroyed by burning or by autoclaving. In fact, however, clean a fresh microscope slide with a laboratory wipe. Porphyromonas endodontalis and Po. College Board, it releases these endotoxins to the surround because their cell walls have been compromised. Ready To Get Started? Essential for microbiological studies of bacteria spores is the possibility of use of AFM in several modes. This strain was chosen for further studies regarding its protease activity. -
MT November 2011
DECEMBER 2011% VOLUME 5, ISSUE 1 The Microbial Taxonomist A Newsletter Published by Bergey’s Manual Trust Fred A. Rainey Elected to Chair of BMT Fred A. Rainey is a native of Join BISMiS or renew your Belfast, Northern Ireland. He membership today! See forms obtained a BSc(Hons) in at end of this newsletter or Microbiology and Microbial join online at: Technology in 1988 from University www.bergeys.org/bismis.html of Warwick. Fred's doctoral studies were carried out at the Thermophile Research Laboratory at the University of Waikato, VOLUME 5 NEWS Hamilton, New Zealand. In 1991 Fred joined the group of Erko Volume 5 of Bergey’s Manual of Stackebrandt at the University of Systematic Bacteriology, which Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. In focuses on the Actinobacteria, is associate and since 2000 as a 1993, when Erko Stackebrandt in the final stages of production. trustee (and secretary). He has became the Director and CEO of contributed many chapters to This volume is the largest of the German Collection of Volumes 1–5 of the 2nd edition of the three that I have managed, Microorganisms and Cell Cultures Bergey's Manual of Systematic and will be more than 2000 (DSMZ), Fred joined the DSMZ Bacteriology and was an Associate pages in length, with 431 figures and set up the molecular Editor of Volume 3, which covered and 320 tables. Its size is such identification laboratory and the Firmicutes. Since his PhD that it will need to be bound in services. studies Fred has been involved in two separate parts. It was at the beginning of 1997 bacterial systematics and has The first round of proofs was that Fred moved to the United authored or coauthored over 200 sent out to the authors in six States and accepted his first papers in the field as well as some batches beginning in August; I academic appointment at 85 book chapters. -
Mineralogical Study of a Biologically-Based Treatment
Supplemental Information Figure S1. Schematic and photograph of the BCR. Diagram adopted from [1]. Photograph taken by Maryam Khoshnoodi on 21 April 2009. vegetation 18m X 30m seepage inflow soil BCR outflow sand geotextile liner Mixture of 60% kraft pulp mill biosolids residuals, 35% sand and 5% manure surrounding upflow 3-7 m deep natural subsurface soil Minerals 2013, 3 2 Total Arsenic, Iron and Sulphur Concentrations Measured in the BCR Used to Obtain Concentration Ranges for As-O-H-S-Fe Geochemical Modeling Table S1. Total arsenic, iron and sulphur in the BCR influent and effluent from 25 June 2008 to 2 October 2009. Total metal concentrations (mM) BCR influent BCR effluent Date As Fe S As Fe S 25 June 2008 0.534 0.041 8.33 0.095 0.287 9.38 3 July 2008 0.108 0.008 6.25 0.160 0.502 6.25 8 July 2008 0.071 0.233 6.25 1.028 0.323 6.25 16 July 2008 0.601 0.013 6.25 0.134 0.109 9.38 29 July 2008 0.347 0.008 8.33 0.028 0.066 9.38 13 August 2008 0.561 0.007 8.65 0.011 0.039 5.21 27 August 2008 0.174 0.102 7.29 0.016 0.065 9.38 10 September 2008 0.059 0.002 6.25 0.035 0.073 6.25 24 September 2008 0.160 0.004 6.25 0.587 1.971 6.25 8 October 2008 0.427 0.038 5.21 0.115 0.394 6.25 22 October 2008 0.547 0.109 5.21 0.019 0.030 6.25 5 November 2008 0.174 0.007 8.33 0.160 0.095 9.38 18 November 2008 1.135 0.573 7.29 0.012 0.057 10.42 2 December 2008 0.734 0.013 7.29 0.059 0.059 7.29 17 December 2008 0.267 0.052 6.25 0.079 0.090 7.29 15 January 2009 0.227 0.004 5.21 0.023 0.017 5.21 29 January 2009 0.174 0.008 4.17 0.019 0.010 4.17 11 February 2009 -
Microbiology of Lonar Lake and Other Soda Lakes
The ISME Journal (2013) 7, 468–476 & 2013 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved 1751-7362/13 www.nature.com/ismej MINI REVIEW Microbiology of Lonar Lake and other soda lakes Chakkiath Paul Antony1, Deepak Kumaresan2, Sindy Hunger3, Harold L Drake3, J Colin Murrell4 and Yogesh S Shouche1 1Microbial Culture Collection, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India; 2CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, TAS, Australia; 3Department of Ecological Microbiology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany and 4School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Soda lakes are saline and alkaline ecosystems that are believed to have existed throughout the geological record of Earth. They are widely distributed across the globe, but are highly abundant in terrestrial biomes such as deserts and steppes and in geologically interesting regions such as the East African Rift valley. The unusual geochemistry of these lakes supports the growth of an impressive array of microorganisms that are of ecological and economic importance. Haloalk- aliphilic Bacteria and Archaea belonging to all major trophic groups have been described from many soda lakes, including lakes with exceptionally high levels of heavy metals. Lonar Lake is a soda lake that is centered at an unusual meteorite impact structure in the Deccan basalts in India and its key physicochemical and microbiological characteristics are highlighted in this article. The occurrence of diverse functional groups of microbes, such as methanogens, methanotrophs, phototrophs, denitrifiers, sulfur oxidizers, sulfate reducers and syntrophs in soda lakes, suggests that these habitats harbor complex microbial food webs that (a) interconnect various biological cycles via redox coupling and (b) impact on the production and consumption of greenhouse gases. -
Anaeromicrobium Sediminis Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., a Fermentative Bacterium Isolated from Deep-Sea Sediment
NOTE Zhang et al., Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017;67:1462–1467 DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.001739 Anaeromicrobium sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a fermentative bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediment Xiaobo Zhang,1,2,3† Xiang Zeng,1,2,3† Xi Li,1,2,3 Karine Alain,4,5,6 Mohamed Jebbar4,5,6 and Zongze Shao1,2,3,* Abstract A novel anaerobic, mesophilic, heterotrophic bacterium, designated strain DY2726DT, was isolated from West Pacific Ocean sediments. Cells were long rods (0.5–0.8 µm wide, 4–15 µm long), Gram-positive and motile by means of flagella. The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 25–40 C and pH 6.5–9.0, while optimal growth occurred at 37 C and pH 7.5, with a generation time of 76 min. The strain required sea salts for growth at concentrations from 10 to 30 g lÀ1 (optimum at 20 g lÀ1). Substrates used as carbon sources were yeast extract, tryptone, glucose, cellobiose, starch, gelatin, dextrin, fructose, fucose, galactose, galacturonic acid, gentiobiose, glucosaminic acid, mannose, melibiose, palatinose and rhamnose. Products of fermentation were carbon dioxide, acetic acid and butyric acid. Strain DY2726DT was able to reduce amorphous iron hydroxide, goethite, amorphous iron oxides, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and crotonate, but did not reduce sulfur, sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite or nitrate. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain DY2726DT was affiliated to the family Clostridiaceae and was most closely related to the type strains of Alkaliphilus transvaalensis (90.0 % similarity) and Alkaliphilus oremlandii (89.6 %). -
Cjm-2017-0657.Pdf
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Microbial diversity associated to the anaerobic sediments of a soda lake (Mono Lake, CA) Journal: Canadian Journal of Microbiology Manuscript ID cjm-2017-0657.R2 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the Author: 20-Feb-2018 Complete List of Authors: Rojas, Patricia; Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Molecular Biology Rodriguez, Nuria; Centro de Astrobiologia, (INTA-CSIC) de la Fuente, Vicenta; Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Biology Sánchez-Mata,Draft Daniel; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Amils, Ricardo; Centro de Biologia Molecular S.O., UAM-CSIC; Centro de Astrobiologia, (UAM-CSIC) Sanz Martin, Jose Luis; Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Molecular Biology Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special N/A Issue? : Mono Lake, anaerobic sediments, microbial communities, soda lakes, Keyword: pyrosequencing https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjm-pubs Page 1 of 28 Canadian Journal of Microbiology Microbial diversity associated to the anaerobic sediments of a soda lake (Mono Lake, CA) Patricia Rojas1, Nuria Rodríguez2, Vicenta de la Fuente3, Daniel Sánchez-Mata4, 5 Ricardo Amils 2, 5, José L. Sanz1, * 1: Department of Molecular Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. E- mail: [email protected] 2: Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 10 3: Department of Biology, UniversidadDraft Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 4: Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 5: Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (UAM-CSIC), Universidad Autónoma 15 de Madrid, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] *: corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +34 914 974 303 1 https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/cjm-pubs Canadian Journal of Microbiology Page 2 of 28 20 Abstract Soda lakes are inhabited by important haloalkaliphilic microbial communities that are well adapted to these extreme characteristics. -
Microbial Diversity in a Permanently Cold and Alkaline Environment in Greenland
Microbial diversity in a permanently cold and alkaline environment in Greenland Glaring, Mikkel Andreas; Vester, Jan Kjølhede; Lylloff, Jeanette Eva; Abu Al-Soud, Waleed; Sørensen, Søren Johannes; Stougaard, Peter Published in: PLoS ONE DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124863 Publication date: 2015 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Glaring, M. A., Vester, J. K., Lylloff, J. E., Abu Al-Soud, W., Sørensen, S. J., & Stougaard, P. (2015). Microbial diversity in a permanently cold and alkaline environment in Greenland. PLoS ONE, 10(4), [e0124863]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124863 Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE Microbial Diversity in a Permanently Cold and Alkaline Environment in Greenland Mikkel A. Glaring1, Jan K. Vester1, Jeanette E. Lylloff1, Waleed Abu Al-Soud2,Søren J. Sørensen2, Peter Stougaard1* 1 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark, 2 Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark * [email protected] Abstract The submarine ikaite columns located in the Ikka Fjord in Southern Greenland represent a unique, permanently cold (less than 6°C) and alkaline (above pH 10) environment and are home to a microbial community adapted to these extreme conditions. The bacterial and ar- chaeal community inhabiting the ikaite columns and surrounding fjord was characterised by OPEN ACCESS high-throughput pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Analysis of the ikaite community struc- Citation: Glaring MA, Vester JK, Lylloff JE, Abu ture revealed the presence of a diverse bacterial community, both in the column interior and Al-Soud W, Sørensen SJ, Stougaard P (2015) Microbial Diversity in a Permanently Cold and at the surface, and very few archaea. -
Old Acetogens, New Light Steven L
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Faculty Research & Creative Activity Biological Sciences January 2008 Old Acetogens, New Light Steven L. Daniel Eastern Illinois University, [email protected] Harold L. Drake University of Bayreuth Anita S. Gößner University of Bayreuth Follow this and additional works at: http://thekeep.eiu.edu/bio_fac Part of the Bacteriology Commons, Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Commons, and the Microbial Physiology Commons Recommended Citation Daniel, Steven L.; Drake, Harold L.; and Gößner, Anita S., "Old Acetogens, New Light" (2008). Faculty Research & Creative Activity. 114. http://thekeep.eiu.edu/bio_fac/114 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Research & Creative Activity by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Old Acetogens, New Light Harold L. Drake, Anita S. Gößner, & Steven L. Daniel Keywords: acetogenesis; acetogenic bacteria; acetyl-CoA pathway; autotrophy; bioenergetics; Clostridium aceticum; electron transport; intercycle coupling; Moorella thermoacetica; nitrate dissimilation Abstract: Acetogens utilize the acetyl-CoA Wood-Ljungdahl pathway as a terminal electron-accepting, energy-conserving, CO2-fixing process. The decades of research to resolve the enzymology of this pathway (1) preceded studies demonstrating that acetogens not only harbor a novel CO2-fixing pathway, but are also ecologically important, and (2) overshadowed the novel microbiological discoveries of acetogens and acetogenesis. The first acetogen to be isolated, Clostridium aceticum, was reported by Klaas Tammo Wieringa in 1936, but was subsequently lost. The second acetogen to be isolated, Clostridium thermoaceticum, was isolated by Francis Ephraim Fontaine and co-workers in 1942. -
A New Strain of Christensenella Minuta As a Potential Biotherapy for Obesity and Associated Metabolic Diseases
cells Article A New Strain of Christensenella minuta as a Potential Biotherapy for Obesity and Associated Metabolic Diseases Wilfrid Mazier 1 , Katy Le Corf 1, Ccori Martinez 1,Héloïse Tudela 1,Déborah Kissi 1, Camille Kropp 1,2 , Chrislain Coubard 1, Marion Soto 1, Frédéric Elustondo 1, Georges Rawadi 1 and Sandrine P. Claus 1,* 1 Ysopia Bioscience, 17 place de la Bourse, 33076 Bordeaux, France; [email protected] (W.M.); [email protected] (K.L.C.); [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (H.T.); [email protected] (D.K.); [email protected] (C.K.); [email protected] (C.C.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (F.E.); [email protected] (G.R.) 2 Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, University Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Obesity is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by a high Firmi- cutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Gut-dwelling bacteria of the Christensenellaceae family have been proposed to act as keystones of the human gut ecosystem and to prevent adipogenesis. The objectives of the present study were to demonstrate the antiobesity potential of a new strain of Christensenella minuta in preclinical models and explore related mechanisms of action. The antiobe- sity potential of C. minuta DSM33407 was assessed in a diet-induced obesity mouse model. Changes in hepatic lipid metabolism were explored using targeted transcriptomics. Effects on gut micro- biota were further assessed in a humanized Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem Citation: Mazier, W.; Le Corf, K.; (SHIME®) model inoculated with obese fecal samples. -
Utilization of Alternate Chirality Enantiomers in Microbial Communities
Utilization of alternate chirality enantiomers in microbial communities Elena V. Pikuta* and Richard B. Hoover NSSTC/NASA/Astrobiology Laboratory 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville 35805 AL USA *[email protected]; phone: +1 (256) 961-7868 ABSTRACT Our previous study of chirality led to interesting findings for some anaerobic extremophiles: the ability to metabolize substrates with alternate chirality enantiomers of amino acids and sugars. We have subsequently found that not just separate microbial species or strains but entire microbial communities have this ability. The functional division within a microbial community on proteo- and sugarlytic links was also reflected in a microbial diet with L- sugars and D-amino acids. Several questions are addressed in this paper. Why and when was this feature developed in a microbial world? Was it a secondary de novo adaptation in a bacterial world? Or is this a piece of genetic information that has been left in modern genomes as an atavism? Is it limited exclusively to prokaryotes, or does this ability also occur in eukaryotes? In this article, we have used a broader approach to study this phenomenon using anaerobic extremophilic strains from our laboratory collection. A series of experiments were performed on physiologically different groups of extremophilic anaerobes (pure and enrichment cultures). The following characteristics were studied: 1) the ability to grow on alternate chirality enantiomers – L-sugars and D- amino acids; 2) Growth- inhibitory effect of alternate chirality enantiomers; 3) Stickland reaction with alternate chirality amino acids. The results of this research are presented in this paper. Key words: anaerobes, extremophiles, chirality, Stickland reaction, inhibition of growth, Alterenantiomeric Microbial Communities, D-amino acids, L-sugars, 1. -
Christensenella Massiliensis, a New Bacterial Species Isolated from the Human Gut
Accepted Manuscript Christensenella massiliensis, a new bacterial species isolated from the human gut Sokhna Ndongo, Saber Khelaifia, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Didier Raoult PII: S2052-2975(16)30028-2 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2016.04.014 Reference: NMNI 166 To appear in: New Microbes and New Infections Received Date: 26 April 2016 Revised Date: 29 April 2016 Accepted Date: 29 April 2016 Please cite this article as: Ndongo S, Khelaifia S, Fournier P-E, Raoult D, Christensenella massiliensis, a new bacterial species isolated from the human gut, New Microbes and New Infections (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.nmni.2016.04.014. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 Christensenella massiliensis , a new bacterial species isolated from the human gut 2 Sokhna Ndongo 1, Saber Khelaifia 1, Pierre-Edouard Fournier 1 and Didier Raoult 1, 2 * 3 Running title: Christensenella massiliensis 4 1 Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, CNRS (UMR 5 7278), IRD (198), INSERM (U1095), AMU (UM63) 6 2 Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz 7 University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 8 9 *Corresponding author: Didier Raoult 10 URMITE, CNRS (UMR 7278), IRD (198), INSERM (U1095), AMU (UM63), Faculté de 11 Médecine, Aix-Marseille Université, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 5, 12 France.