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Mobileman Architecture, Protocols, and Services

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Mobileman Architecture, Protocols, and Services MOBILEMAN IST-2001-38113 Mobile Metropolitan Ad hoc Networks MOBILEMAN Architecture, protocols and services Deliverable D10 Contractual Report Preparation Date: October 2004 Actual Date of Delivery: October 2004 Estimated Person Months: 22.5 Number of pages: 205 Contributing Partners: Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (Italy), University of Cambridge (UK), Institut Eurecom (France), Helsinki University of Technology (Finland), NETikos (Italy), Scuola Universitaria Professionale della Svizzera Italiana (Switzerland) Authors: Eleonora Borgia, Raffaele Bruno, Marco Conti, Franca Delmastro, Enrico Gregori, Gaia Maselli, Giovanni Mainetto, Giovanni Turi (CNR), Jon Crowcroft (Cambridge), Claudio Lavecchia, Pietro Michiardi, Refik Molva (Eurecom), Jose Costa Requena (HUT), Piergiorgio Cremonese, Veronica Vanni (Netikos), Ivan Defilippis, Jennifer Duyne, Silvia Giordano, Alessandro Puiatti (SUPSI) Abstract: The aim of this deliverable is to provide an updated vision of the architecture, protocols and services designed for the MobileMAN paradigm as emerging at the end of the second year of the project. First, we present the complete architecture with the communication flows among different functions; then we discuss protocols belonging to the MobileMAN protocols’ stack. Protocols are presented by following a bottom up approach from wireless technologies up to the applications. When appropriate, social and economic perspectives are introduced. This Deliverable offers a consolidated vision of the design and implementation choices that have been made towards the definition and deployment of a project-wide test- bed platform that will be used in the third year of the project during the field tests. Project funded by the European Community under the “Information Society Technologies” Programme (1998-2002) MOBILEMAN IST-2001-38113 September 2004 SUMMARY This document presents the updated MobileMAN architecture and protocols (from the medium access control to the application layer) at the end of the second year of the project. Deliverable D10 is a supplement to the architecture and protocols defined in Deliverable D5. Indeed, D10 contains only the new material produced by the project partners during the second year. For this reason, when appropriate, we refer to ideas, algorithms and methods already presented in D5, avoiding duplicating in D10 that material. The Deliverable D10 offers a consolidated vision of the design and implementation choices that have been made in the previous Deliverable D5 with an emphasis on the common effort towards the definition and deployment of a project-wide test-bed platform that will be used in the third year of the project during the field-tests. D10 addresses the domain modeling issues emerging at the end of the first-year of the project, and/or pointed out by the reviewers during the first-year review meeting: i) adapting the MobileMAN architecture to support the cross-layer interactions; ii) integration of the enhanced MAC card in an heterogeneous environment with legacy 802.11 cards; iii) a closer relationship between partners working at different layers of the architecture and/or in different expertise areas. To address the above issues at the end of the first-year of the project we activated the task T2.9 Domain model refinement and risk reduction. Deliverable D10 is therefore mainly an output of Task T2.9. However, as this deliverable should represent a technical reference for development of the MobileMAN test-bed platform, we included in this deliverable also some implementation-related aspects (e.g., software/hardware architecture) that are therefore outputs of Workpackage 3. The MobileMAN architecture supporting cross-layer interactions is presented in Section 1. More precisely, in Section 1 we focus on the specification of the Network Status (NeSt) which is a node local memory where information gathered at different layers of the network stack is shared among different protocols and used to adapt the behavior of the node depending on the particular circumstance (e.g., traffic type, channel perturbations, network status, node selfishness and/or maliciousness, among the others) the node operates in. The cross-layer optimizations at the various level of the protocol stack are introduced when analyzing each single layer of the architecture. The integration of the enhanced card in a heterogeneous environment is analyzed in Section 2 where, by introducing a credit-based mechanism, we solved the possible co- existence (performance) problems with legacy equipment. Deliverable D10 3 of 205 MOBILEMAN IST-2001-38113 September 2004 The concerns related to a better integration of partners activities have been thoughtfully addressed by strengthening the collaboration between project partners. As a consequence, throughout the following sections, it is possible to observe a homogeneous distribution of partner’s efforts that lead to a stronger integration of each contribution and that result in an effective test platform tailored to the project requirements in terms of interoperability. The protocols and architecture are presented by following a bottom up approach from wireless technologies up to application and economic issues. As for deliverable D5, protocols’ presentations are grouped to reflect the working groups that are operating as part of the MobileMAN project. Working groups have been defined to address the specific issues of each area of research addressed in MobileMAN: Wireless Technologies (CNR and SUPSI), Networking and Security (CNR, Eurecom, HUT, and SUPSI), Middleware, and Applications (Cambridge, CNR, HUT, and Netikos). The organization of the deliverable is based on the following guidelines: all layers of the MobileMAN architecture are presented and discussed by providing an overview of relevant issues and the research directions that have been undertaken to solve them taking into account the different perspectives of the problem offered by the collaboration of partners with different domain of expertise. When appropriate the social and economic perspectives are also used to compare and contrast technical solutions. For example, for the cooperation problem, in addition to analyze several technical solutions, the social and economic dimensions of the problem are analyzed, as well. In addition, for each section dedicated to a particular layer, practical problems (and their solutions) encountered during the implementation of the related protocols are presented. Moreover, when relevant, the progress status of each part of the network stack and the design and implementation details of original components are provided. Deliverable D10 4 of 205 MOBILEMAN IST-2001-38113 September 2004 Table of Contents 1. MOBILEMAN ARCHITECTURE.............................................................................. 9 1.1. Toward loosely-coupled cross-layering ................................................................... 9 1.2. MobileMAN Architecture...................................................................................... 12 1.3. NeSt functionalities................................................................................................ 13 1.3.1. The NeSt interface ............................................................................................. 14 1.3.2. Design and implementation remarks ................................................................. 16 1.4. Discussion and Conclusions................................................................................... 17 1.5. References.............................................................................................................. 20 2. WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES ................................................................................. 22 2.1. Introduction............................................................................................................ 22 2.2. Overview of the AOB algorithm............................................................................ 23 2.3. Open Issues ............................................................................................................ 25 2.4. Limitations of the AOB Mechanism in Heterogeneous WLANs .......................... 26 2.5. Limitations of the AOB Mechanism in Multi-Hop Ad Hoc Networks.................. 27 2.6. Enforcing Fairness in Heterogeneous 802.11 WLANs.......................................... 30 2.7. Performance Evaluation......................................................................................... 34 2.7.1. Heterogeneous Networks................................................................................... 35 2.7.2. Homogeneous Networks.................................................................................... 37 2.8. AOB in 802.11 Multi-Hop Ad Hoc Networks ....................................................... 38 2.8.1. Simulation Tool with a Realistic Channel Model.............................................. 39 2.9. A Novel Definition of the Slot Utilization............................................................. 43 2.10. Tuning the AOB Mechanism to Enforce Fairness ................................................. 45 2.10.1. Performance Evaluation ................................................................................ 49 2.11. Enhanced card novel architecture & mechanisms.................................................. 51 2.12. Medium Access platform ....................................................................................... 51 2.13. Packet management architecture...........................................................................
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