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T ABLE OF CONTENTS Preface pg. 57 Foreword to the English Edition 59 Excerpts from the Introduction to the Italian Edition 61 Organization of this Collection 61 The Committee’s Editorial Criteria 63 The Originals of the Writings 65 The Sections of the Italian Edition 65 Chronology of the Life and Activity of St. Maximilian Maria Kolbe 69 Abbreviations 81 INTRODUCTION TO ST. MAXIMILIAN’S LIFE AND WORKS by Fr. Giuseppe Simbula, OFM Conv. Select Bibliography 87 1. Biographies 87 2. Studies on St. Maximilian, His Thought, His Work 88 Introduction 91 PART I CONTEXT AND PRESENTATION OF THE WRITINGS 1. Historical and Cultural Context 95 1. Political Events 95 2. Ideological Conflicts 99 3. The Situation of the Church 101 7 Kolbe_vol 1.indb 7 03/12/15 12.52 • The Writings of St. Maximilian Maria Kolbe 2. Presentation of Individual Sections pg. 109 1. Initial Considerations 109 2. List and Nature of Individual Sections 112 PART II HUMAN AND SPIRITUAL PROFILE 3. A Committed and Serene Young Man The Roman Period (Fall 1912—Summer 1919) 125 1. Human Traits 126 2. Attachment to His Natural Family and the Religious Order to Which He Belonged 128 3. Overview of His Personality 130 4. Features of His Spirituality 131 4. The Apostle (Summer 1919—December 1927) 137 1. Creation of the MI Circles (July 29, 1919—August 11, 1920) 137 2. In Zakopane among TB Patients (August 11, 1920—April 29, 1921) 139 3. Nieszawa, or Convalescence (May 4—November 3, 1921) 140 4. The Apprentice Journalist (Krakow, January—October 1922) 141 5. The Rise ofRycerz (Grodno, October 20, 1922—September 16, 1926) 142 6. Spiritual Life 144 7. Back in Zakopane (September 18, 1926—April 13, 1927) 145 8. Looking for New Headquarters for Rycerz and Its Construction (April 13—December 7, 1927) 151 5. The Founder of the City-Friary of Niepokalanów (December 7, 1927—February 26, 1930) 153 1. Organization of the Religious Community of Niepokalanów 153 2. Preparing for Missions in the Far East (January 14—February 25, 1930) 158 6. The Missionary (February 26, 1930—June 23, 1936) 165 8 Kolbe_vol 1.indb 8 03/12/15 12.52 Table of contents • 1. St. Maximilian Coping with Troubles of Daily Life pg. 165 2. Canonical Issues 167 3. Financial Difficulties 172 4. Anguish and Suffering 173 5. Limitations and Imperfections 177 7. Father and Formator of Friars (Niepokalanów, July 16, 1936—September 19, 1939) 185 1. Reorganization of Activities 186 2. Formation of the Brothers 187 3. Director of Souls 189 8. Mystic and Martyr of Charity (September 19, 1939—August 14, 1941) 193 1. Mystical Soul 194 2. Martyr of Charity 198 PART III THEOLOGICAL-SPIRITUAL THOUGHT 9. Introductory Notes 209 1. A Thinker or Not? 209 2. The Need for Synthesis 209 3. Guiding Principles 210 10. From Empirical Realities to the Creator 215 1. Starting Point and the Development of Man’s Journey toward God 216 2. Questions Regarding Human Existence 218 11. Divine Life in Man 221 1. God Lives by Love 222 2. God Creates Out of Love 223 3. Man Is Called to Respond with Love 224 12. God’s Work in the Immaculata 227 1. The Immaculata as God’s Most Perfect Semblance 228 2. The Immaculata and the Persons of the Most Holy Trinity 230 9 Kolbe_vol 1.indb 9 03/12/15 12.52 • The Writings of St. Maximilian Maria Kolbe 13. The Presence and Action of the Immaculata in Christian Life pg. 237 1. Maternal Mediation of Mary 238 2. The Immaculata as Model and Guide in Man’s Journey toward God 245 14. The MI: Human Participation in the Mission of the Immaculata 251 1. Nature, Aims, and Means of the MI 251 2. Consecration to the Immaculata 259 3. Apostolate of the MI 268 15. St. Maximilian Kolbe and St. Francis: Franciscan Features of St. Maximilian’s Theological-Spiritual Thought 279 1. Fr. Kolbe’s Reflections on the Values of Franciscanism 279 2. The MI as a Fruit of the Commitment of the Friars Minor Conventual and a Gift of the Immaculata to That Religious Order 282 3. Inspirational Principles of the Christian Life Shared by St. Francis of Assisi and St. Maximilian Kolbe 286 4. Virtues and Fundamental Attitudes in Common 289 5. Apostolic Zeal in Common 296 6. Other Features in Common 297 7. Conclusion 304 16. Sources of St. Maximilian’s Theological-Spiritual Thought 307 1. Polish Heritage and Other Influences 307 2. The Franciscan Theological-Spiritual Heritage 309 3. St. Louis Grignion de Montfort and St. Maximilian 311 4. Devotion and Imitation of St. Gemma Galgani, St. Thérèse of the Child Jesus, and St. Margaret M. Alacoque 316 PART IV CLOSING OBSERVATIONS 17. The Enduring Relevance of St. Maximilian’s Thought and Work 323 10 Kolbe_vol 1.indb 10 03/12/15 12.52 Table of contents • 1. Outline of Kolbean Spirituality pg. 323 2. Kolbean Spirituality and Current Challenges of the Church 324 3. Kolbe’s Ecclesiality 325 4. Biblical, Liturgical, Ecumenical, and Anthropological Dimensions 328 18. A Human and Spiritual Message for Our Age 333 1. Our Difficult Times 333 2. Attention to Humanity 334 3. A Framework of Transcendence 337 4. Mysticism and Apostolate: An Indissoluble Pairing 338 5. Optimism, Not Idolatry of Science 339 6. The Immaculata As Model of Human and Christian life 340 7. A Lesson in Consistency 342 THE WRITINGS OF ST. MAXIMILIAN MARIA KOLBE LETTERS Formation Years in Rome (October 1912—July 1919) 1 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Krakow, October 28, 1912) 349 2 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, November 10, 1912) 350 3 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, November 21, 1912) 351 4 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, December 26, 1912) 353 5 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, January 19, 1913) 354 6 • To Józef Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, May 3, 1913) 354 7 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, May 12, 1913) 355 8 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, July 8, 1913) 357 9 • To Józef Kolbe, Czyszki, Lviv (Zagarolo, July 28, 1913) 359 10 • To Józef Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, October 21, 1913) 360 11 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, October 21, 1913) 360 12 • To Maria Kolbe, Lviv (Rome, April 6, 1914) 361 13 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, July 1, 1914) 363 14 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, December 24, 1914) 364 15 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, January 1, 1915) 365 11 Kolbe_vol 1.indb 11 03/12/15 12.52 • The Writings of St. Maximilian Maria Kolbe 16 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, February 17, 1915) pg. 365 17 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, April 18, 1915) 366 18 • To Fr. Marian Sobolewski, Lviv (Rome, February 1, 1917) 367 19 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, after September 26, 1918) 369 20 • To Franciszek Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, after September 26, 1918) 371 21 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, after September 26, 1918) 373 22 • To Fr. Quirico Pignalberi, Capranica di Sutri, Rome (Rome, November 27, 1918) 375 23 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, April 7, 1919) 376 24 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, April 20, 1919) 377 25 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Krakow (Rome, April 21, 1919) 379 MI Apostolate (August 1919—November 1927) 26 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Kalwaria Pacławska (Krakow, August 1, 1919) 383 27 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Kalwaria Pacławska (Krakow, August 4, 1919) 383 28 • To Br. Ioan Gârleanu, Rome (Krakow, August 5, 1919) 384 29 • To Br. Ioan Gârleanu, Rome (Krakow, September 25, 1919) 386 30 • To Br. Ioan Gârleanu, Rome (Krakow, October 14, 1919) 388 30a • To Fr. Bronisław Stryczny, Kalisz (Krakow, October 19, 1919) 389 30b • To Fr. Bronisław Stryczny, Kalisz (Krakow, October 29, 1919) 390 31 • To Br. Paolo Moratti, Zagarolo, Rome (Krakow, November 4, 1919) 391 32 • To the MI Members of the International College, Rome (Krakow, November 6, 1919) 392 33 • To Br. Ioan Gârleanu, Rome (Krakow, January 2, 1920) 393 34 • To Fr. Alojzy Karwacki, Lviv (Krakow, January 3, 1920) 395 35 • To Fr. Petru Iosif Pal, Halaucesti, Romania (Krakow, January 8, 1920) 396 36 • To Fr. Alojzy Karwacki, Lviv (Krakow, January 12, 1920) 399 37 • To Br. Ioan Gârleanu, Rome (Krakow, January 17, 1920) 400 37a • To Franciszek Kłys, Pabianice (Krakow, January 22, 1920) 405 12 Kolbe_vol 1.indb 12 03/12/15 12.52 Table of contents • 38 • To Fr. Stefano Ignudi, Rome (Krakow, March 25, 1920) pg. 405 39 • To the Knights of the International College, Rome (Krakow, March 27–29, 1920) 407 (Krakow, April 1, 1920) 410 40 • To Br. Ioan Gârleanu, Rome (Krakow, March 30, 1920) 411 40a • To Fr. Bronisław Stryczny, Kalisz (Krakow, April 2, 1920) 412 40b • To Fr. Bronisław Stryczny, Kalisz (Krakow, May 16, 1920) 413 41 • To the Knights of the International College, Rome (Krakow, May 25, 1920) 414 42 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Kalwaria Pacławska (Krakow, August 9, 1920) 416 43 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Zakopane, August 11, 1920) 417 44 • To Fr. Czesław Kellar, Krakow (Zakopane, August 20, 1920) 418 45 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Krakow (Zakopane, September 10, 1920) 419 46 • To Fr. Petru Iosif Pal, Halaucesti, Romania (Zakopane, September 21, 1920) 420 47 • To Maria Kolbe, Krakow (Zakopane, September 28, 1920) 421 48 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Krakow (Zakopane, October 4, 1920) 422 49 • To Fr. Jacek Wanatowicz, Krakow (Zakopane, October 18, 1920) 423 50 • To Fr. Czesław Kellar, Krakow (Zakopane, October 4—27, 1920) 424 51 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Krakow (Zakopane, October 27, 1920) 425 52 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Grodno (Zakopane, December 8, 1920) 427 53 • To Br. Alfons Kolbe, Grodno (Zakopane, January 5, 1921) 429 54 • To Br.