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East Mountain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan

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East Mountain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan EAST MOUNTAIN AREA COMMUNITY WILDFIRE PROTECTION PLAN Prepared for CIUDAD SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT 6200 Jefferson NE, Room 125 Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109 EAST MOUNTAIN INTERAGENCY FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION P.O. Box 2471 Tijeras, New Mexico 87059 Prepared by SWCA® ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS 5647 Jefferson Street NE Albuquerque, New Mexico 87109 Telephone: 505-254-1115; Fax: 505-254-1116 www.swca.com FOREST FITNESS, LLC 20 Arrowhead Trail Tijeras, New Mexico 87059 Telephone: 505-350-8426; Fax: 505-281-5457 www.forestfitness.com WILDLAND FIRE ASSOCIATES 118 West Main Street PO Box 160 Rangely, Colorado 81648 Telephone: 970-675-2225; Fax: 970-675-2220 SWCA Project No. 10674-228 August 30, 2006 East Mountain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Wildland fire is a natural part of the environment in the East Mountain area near Albuquerque, New Mexico. It has assisted in developing the forests, woodlands, and grasslands valued by residents and visitors alike. These vegetative communities have been significantly altered by drought, infestation, suppression protocols, and encroachment, resulting in increased fuels and greater risk to humans and infrastructure. In addition, contemporary population growth has led to increased development close to the wildland urban interface and increased the number of residents and structures at risk from wildfire. To address these issues, a group of multi- jurisdictional agencies (federal, state, and local), organizations, and residents have completed an arduous and awarding process to develop the East Mountain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP). The purpose of the East Mountain CWPP is to assist in protecting human life and reducing property loss due to wildfire in the communities of the East Mountains and the surrounding areas. Although reducing the risk of wildfire is the principal motivation behind the development of this CWPP, managing the lands for hazardous fuels and wildfire and the protection of individual homes by implementing Firewise measures and defensible space are important components of the plan. Residents and visitors are interested in preserving the diversity and uniqueness of the forests and wildlands within the East Mountains to promote sustainability and maintain a valued way of life. The East Mountain Area CWPP is the result of a community-wide wildland fire protection planning process and the compilation of documents, reports, and data developed by a wide array of contributors. This plan was compiled in 2006 in response to the federal Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA) of 2003. The East Mountain Area CWPP meets the requirements of the HFRA by: 1) having been developed collaboratively by multiple agencies at the state and local level in consultation with federal agencies and other interested parties; 2) prioritizing and identifying fuel reduction treatments and recommending the types and methods of treatments to protect at-risk communities and pertinent infrastructure; 3) suggesting multi-party mitigation, monitoring, and outreach; 4) recommending measures and action items that residents and communities can take to reduce the ignitability of structures; and 5) facilitating public information meetings to educate and involve the community to participate in and contribute to the development of the CWPP. The wildfire threat to the residents and communities of the East Mountains is manageable if multi-jurisdictional agencies continue to work together in cooperation with residential and community-based treatments. Local and state fire agencies, as well as community fire protection groups, are excellent resources for information and assistance. A combination of homeowner and community awareness, public education, and agency collaboration and treatments will assist in reducing wildfire risk. These elements are part of the East Mountain Area CWPP, and will be important in maintaining the ideas and priorities of the plan in the future. SWCA Environmental Consultants i August 2006 East Mountain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...........................................................................................................I 1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1 2.0 CWPP PROCESS ............................................................................................................. 2 2.1 Project History................................................................................................................ 2 2.2 Core Team....................................................................................................................... 2 2.3 Project Boundary............................................................................................................2 2.4 Media Relations.............................................................................................................. 3 2.5 Public Involvement ......................................................................................................... 3 2.6 Website ........................................................................................................................... 6 3.0 COMMUNITY CONTEXT ............................................................................................. 8 3.1 Definition of the Wildland Urban Interface.................................................................... 8 3.2 Location and Geography................................................................................................. 8 3.3 Population ....................................................................................................................... 9 3.4 History and Land Use ..................................................................................................... 9 4.0 FIRE ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................. 10 4.1 Fire History................................................................................................................... 10 4.1.1 Fire Suppression History....................................................................................... 10 4.1.2 Historic Fire Behavior........................................................................................... 11 4.1.3 Fire Management History ..................................................................................... 11 4.2 Climate.......................................................................................................................... 13 4.3 Weather......................................................................................................................... 13 4.4 Topography................................................................................................................... 14 4.5 Vegetation..................................................................................................................... 14 4.5.1 Current Conditions................................................................................................ 14 4.5.2 Changes to Historic Fire Regime.......................................................................... 15 4.6 Insects and Disease....................................................................................................... 18 5.0 WILDLAND HAZARD ASSESSMENT ...................................................................... 20 5.1 Fire Behavior Overview................................................................................................ 22 5.1.1 Wildland Fuels...................................................................................................... 22 5.1.2 Topographic Features............................................................................................24 5.2 Suppression Resources..................................................................................................24 5.3 Risk of Ignition ............................................................................................................. 24 6.0 COMMUNITY ZONE ASSESSMENT ........................................................................ 27 7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND ACTION ITEMS ....................................................... 34 7.1 Education ...................................................................................................................... 37 7.2 Fuel Reduction.............................................................................................................. 37 7.2.1 Prescribed Fire ...................................................................................................... 40 7.2.2 Mechanical Thinning............................................................................................ 41 7.2.3 Thinning and Prescribed Fire Combined .............................................................. 42 7.3 Monitoring, Maintenance, and Evaluation.................................................................... 43 7.4 Local Covenants............................................................................................................ 44 8.0 LITERATURE CITED .................................................................................................. 45 SWCA Environmental Consultants ii August 2006 East Mountain Area Community Wildfire Protection Plan APPENDIXES Appendix A – Community Comments Appendix B – Forms Appendix C – Homeowner’s Guide Appendix D – Sierra
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