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Relatório De Dados Enviados Do Coleta Relatório de Dados Enviados do Coleta Programa Calendário: Coleta de Informações 2017 Ano do Calendário: 2017 Data - Hora do Envio: 12/04/2018 - 09:43 Nome: BOTÂNICA Nome em Inglês: Botany Área Básica: BOTÂNICA Área de Avaliação: BIODIVERSIDADE Regime Letivo: SEMESTRAL Modalidade: ACADÊMICO Data de Recomendação: Áreas de Concentração Nome Data de Início Data de Fim DIVERSIDADE VEGETAL EM 01/01/2003 ECOSSISTEMAS NEOTROPICAIS ECOLOGIA EM ECOSSISTEMAS 01/01/2003 NEOTROPICAIS Curso(s) Curso: DIVERSIDADE VEGETAL: CONHECER E CONSERVAR Nivel: Doutorado Data de Início: 01/01/2003 Data de Recomendação: Situação: EM FUNCIONAMENTO Data da Situação: 18/09/2012 Créditos em Disciplinas para Titulação: 40 Créditos em Trabalhos de Conclusão para Titulação: 0 Outros Créditos para Titulação: 0 Equivalência Hora-Aula/Crédito: 20 Áreas de Concentração do Curso Nome DIVERSIDADE VEGETAL EM ECOSSISTEMAS NEOTROPICAIS ECOLOGIA EM ECOSSISTEMAS NEOTROPICAIS Curso: DIVERSIDADE VEGETAL: CONHECER E CONSERVAR Nivel: Mestrado Data de Início: 01/01/2003 12/04/2018 12:03:28 1 Relatório de Dados Enviados do Coleta Data de Recomendação: Situação: EM FUNCIONAMENTO Data da Situação: 18/09/2012 Créditos em Disciplinas para Titulação: 20 Créditos em Trabalhos de Conclusão para Titulação: 0 Outros Créditos para Titulação: 0 Equivalência Hora-Aula/Crédito: 20 Áreas de Concentração do Curso Nome DIVERSIDADE VEGETAL EM ECOSSISTEMAS NEOTROPICAIS ECOLOGIA EM ECOSSISTEMAS NEOTROPICAIS Instituições de Ensino Instituição de Ensino: INSTITUTO DE PESQUISA JARDIM BOTANICO DO RIO DE JANEIRO (JBRJ) CEP: 22460030 Logradouro: RUA PACHECO LEÃO Número: 915 Complemento: Bairro: JARD.BOTÂNICO Município: Rio de Janeiro Fax: () Telefone: (21 ) 38756208 Ramal: 0 E-mail: [email protected] URL: http://www.jbrj.gov.br Proposta Calendário: Coleta de Informações 2017 Ano do Calendário: 2017 Data-Hora do Envio: 12/04/2018 - 09:43 Histórico e Contextualização do Programa Histórico e contextualização do programa O Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ) iniciou suas atividades há mais de 200 anos, inserindo-se na 12/04/2018 12:03:28 2 Relatório de Dados Enviados do Coleta intrincada conjuntura política da primeira década do século XIX. Seu primeiro, desafio, foi aclimatar as chamadas especiarias do Oriente: baunilha, canela, pimenta e outras. Assim, inicialmente foi um local de experimentos com vegetais enviados de outras províncias portuguesas. Aclimatar uma espécie de planta significava, principalmente, aperfeiçoar o transporte das sementes e mudas, construir viveiros para semeá- las e planta-las, transplantar as mudas para o solo em diferentes áreas, acompanhar o desenvolvimento observando a necessidade de incidência de sol, sombra, e água. Uma vez que tais experiências eram baseadas na literatura produzida, sobretudo na Europa, era preciso realizar pesquisas sobre a adaptação das plantas ao clima e solo brasileiros. Para isso foram trazidos ao Brasil pessoas de outros países que dominavam a produção e disseminação desses cultivos, como por exemplo, chineses que dominavam a cultura do chá. Em 1824, o cientista Frei Leandro do Sacramento, reconhecido cientista da época, assumiu a direção do Jardim Botânico. Sua respeitabilidade foi crucial para que o JBRJ ganhasse status de instituição de referência entre os cientistas estrangeiros que buscavam conhecimentos sobre a flora brasileira. Após a morte do Frei Leandro o JBRJ foi cedido (entre 1860 e 1889) ao Imperial Instituto Fluminense de Agricultura (IIFA), organização de caráter privado que buscava modernizar as atividades rurais. O acordo entre o governo e o IIFA previa que o espaço do arboreto do JBRJ deveria permanecer aberto a visitação pública, e os terrenos adjacentes poderiam ser destinados a outras atividades. Foi criada, então, a Fazenda Normal, cujos objetivos eram implantar novas experimentações agronômicas e instalar uma escola para instrução e ensino do trabalho agrícola. Suas principais atividades no período foram o melhoramento de espécies de plantas com potencial agrícola; a implantação do ensino agrícola aos órfãos da Santa Casa de Misericórdia; manutenção e benfeitorias no arboreto; e a publicação da Revista Agrícola, em edições trimestrais, de 1869 a 1890. Assim, como centro de pesquisa desde os seus primórdios, o JBRJ buscou sempre divulgar o conhecimento científico produzido no Brasil e no exterior e, principalmente, o da própria instituição. Em 100 mil metros quadrados, produziam-se por ano cerca de 350 mil mudas, que não só abasteciam as grandes lavouras como também eram usadas na ornamentação de praças e ruas públicas e em reflorestamentos como o da Floresta de Tijuca, atualmente uma das maiores florestas urbanas do mundo. As pesquisas desenvolvidas do Laboratório Químico do JBRJ, em consonância com a ciência que se desenvolvia na Europa e Estados Unidos, esteve voltada para investigar a interação solo/planta/clima. A Silvicultura, Pedologia, Meteorologia Agrícola e outros saberes vinculados à produção rural legitimavam as atividades científicas. Com o advento da república e o enfraquecimento do IIFA, o JBRJ, retomou o rumo de um jardim botânico mais voltado para o conhecimento da flora nativa. Nesse período desempenhou papel fundamental João Barbosa Rodrigues, ao assumir em 1890 a direção da instituição por 20 anos. Durante sua gestão foram criados o herbário, a biblioteca e reorganizadas estufas e viveiros, modernizando o arboreto. A fim de aumentar as coleções, Barbosa Rodrigues criou o cargo de naturalista viajante e incrementou o intercâmbio com outras instituições científicas. Vários outros dirigentes do JBRJ, a partir de então fomentaram a ampliação do conhecimento sobre plantas, fungos e os ecossistemas brasileiros, ampliando e qualificando o quadro de funcionários da instituição, a participação em grandes expedições, o crescimento do herbário e do arboreto, a capacitação de novos botânicos, a criação e modernização da infraestrutura de laboratórios e outros espaços de pesquisa e a publicação de duas revistas científicas - Arquivos do Jardim Botânico e Rodriguésia. O JBRJ, uma instituição bicentenária, construiu ao longo de sua história um aporte intelectual 12/04/2018 12:03:28 3 Relatório de Dados Enviados do Coleta de saberes e fazeres e para tal acolheu no passado e acolhe hoje em seu quadro funcional, profissionais de diferentes áreas de conhecimento e especialidades. As atividades de ensino na instituição ocorrem, nos últimos 16 anos, predominantemente na Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical (ENBT), criada em 2001 como uma das diretorias do Jardim Botânico e veio a consolidar a natureza intrínseca da transmissão de conhecimento adotada pela instituição desde seus primórdios. A missão da ENBT traduz-se e concretiza- se em cursos de extensão, de pós-graduação lato sensu e pós-graduação strictu sensu, assumidos por pesquisadores do JBRJ, voltados para o conhecimento e a conservação da diversidade vegetal brasileira. Os cursos de extensão se iniciaram em 2001, com a própria ENBT, com oferecimento do “Curso Internacional para Jardins Botânicos”, curso “Flora e Conservação” e ao passar dos anos, com muitos outros cursos sobre temas que tratam, por exemplo, do manejo e cultivo massivo de algas de interesse comercial a técnicas em anatomia vegetal e Ilustração Botânica, esse último oferecido de forma ininterrupta desde a criação da ENBT. O Programa de Extensão, hoje consolidado, tem contribuído de forma expressiva na capacitação de diferentes públicos. No ano de 2012 inicia-se o curso de Mestrado Profissional do JBRJ voltado principalmente para profissionais ligados a Unidades de Conservação Brasileiras, e em 2014, formou-se a primeira turma de alunos. O Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, com cursos de mestrado e doutorado teve início em 2003 e foi marcante para a consolidação da Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical (ENBT). Em 2002 foi aprovada, pela Capes, a proposta do Programa. Em seguida foi realizada a primeira seleção dos alunos de mestrado que iniciaram o curso em 2003. No ano seguinte além de nova turma de mestrado, foi aberta inscrições para turmas de doutorado. Ao final de 2017 as dissertações de mestrado defendidas somaram 135, e Teses de doutorado somaram 61. O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica vem contribuindo para formação de profissionais capacitados para a multiplicação de saberes e para o desenvolvimento novas frentes científicas voltadas para o conhecimento e conservação da diversidade vegetal através de abordagens integradoras e inovadoras. O conhecimento sobre a biodiversidade e a conservação dos recursos naturais são temas fundamentais abordados pelo PPG em Botânica desde sua criação. Objetivos Objetivos (geral e específicos) O Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ) procura aliar a pesquisa e o ensino à sua aplicação direta na tomada de decisão no âmbito do Ministério do Meio Ambiente, órgão ao qual é subordinado como uma autarquia. A Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical (ENBT), como instância formal de ensino do JBRJ e o seu alinhamento com a Diretoria de Pesquisas e a Diretoria de Ambiente e Tecnologia do JBRJ, tornou-se um elo na indução institucional no sentido da integração das linhas de pesquisa em desenvolvimento pelos alunos e docentes da ENBT em relação aos programas e metas institucionais. Este modelo enriquece o PPG e traz destaque à Instituição na geração de conhecimento. O PPG tem por objetivo geral formar pessoal para compor quadros em órgãos públicos e privados, voltados para o ensino, pesquisa e políticas públicas, com vistas ao conhecimento
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